WO2014101979A2 - Procédé de conservation du bois utilisant du silicate de sodium et du bicarbonate de sodium - Google Patents

Procédé de conservation du bois utilisant du silicate de sodium et du bicarbonate de sodium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014101979A2
WO2014101979A2 PCT/EP2013/003589 EP2013003589W WO2014101979A2 WO 2014101979 A2 WO2014101979 A2 WO 2014101979A2 EP 2013003589 W EP2013003589 W EP 2013003589W WO 2014101979 A2 WO2014101979 A2 WO 2014101979A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wood
sodium silicate
sodium bicarbonate
solution
sodium
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/003589
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2014101979A3 (fr
Inventor
Lars Thougaard
John Patric HAYDEN
Original Assignee
Lars Thougaard
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lars Thougaard filed Critical Lars Thougaard
Publication of WO2014101979A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014101979A2/fr
Publication of WO2014101979A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014101979A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/15—Impregnating involving polymerisation including use of polymer-containing impregnating agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates

Definitions

  • TITLE Wood preservation method using sodium silicate and sodium bicarbonate. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • a method for preserving wood using sodium silicate and sodium bicarbonate in first treating the wood with sodium bicarbonate and thereafter with sodium silicate.
  • Sodium silicate is the common name for a compound sodium metasilicate, Na 2 Si0 3 , also known as water glass or liquid glass. It is available in aqueous solution and in solid form and is used in cements, passive fire protection, refractories, textile and lumber processing, and automobiles.
  • US1344891 describes a method for treating wood and lumber to make wood fire proof. The process consist of applying to the wood, a coat of fire proofing material as sodium silicate or water glass, applying thereto a protective coating of plastic material which hardens and is capable of receiving a water proofing paint to the plaster coating.
  • a coating of saw dust may be applied to absorb the silicate to absorb the sodium silicate not taken up by the timber, the coating of silicate being sufficient to impregnate or saturate a layer of sawdust.
  • Water glass is also utilized for the protection of wood and wood products improving the resistance against fire, termite, rot and decay. It is also known that adding a coagulant to water glass such as sodium bicarbonate, improves wood protection. Sodium bicarbonate makes sodium silicate insoluble due to the releases of carbon dioxide (produced by sodium bicarbonate) to sodium silicate.
  • FR2560547 (1984) discloses a composition of sodium bicarbonate and silicate and a process for the protection of wood; particularly coconut wood.
  • FR2560547 relates to the protection of wood against natural enemies such as fungi and insects.
  • a method for treating wood comprising the step of impregnation of wood by immersion in the solution or by application of the solution by spraying the composition comprising sodium silicate and a coagulant, sodium bicarbonate.
  • the composition comprises at least 50% in volume of sodium silicate and 1 to 10% in volume of sodium bicarbonate.
  • the wood in contacted for some time with the composition making the wood resistant against for example insects.
  • US4612050 (1984) also discloses a liquid sodium silicate composition for application of wood.
  • water glass penetrates into wood and stiffens to a jelly inside the wood, a method of imitation of petrified wood. Therein is used at least 15% by weight of sodium silicate.
  • the method comprises also mixing mineral clay with water (allowing minerals to leach into the water), acidifying the solution to an incipient gelling condition; penetrates and gels and fixes the minerals from the composition in the wood.
  • US7297411 (2004) describes the transition of water glass from a water soluble form to a solid form by adding heat.
  • a polymerized form of sodium silicate that is water insoluble.
  • the sodium silicate undergoes dehydration (loss of water) and a process of polymerization that forms increasingly larger moieties of (Si04)n "1 while still maintain an overall charge of -1 that forms an association with the free sodium.
  • the resultant material increases in size to the point that it is no longer able to dissolve in water, thus becoming insoluble.
  • heat is applied to the water glass to foam and create a form which is insoluble in water.
  • US6586109 describes a method of protecting cellulose material comprising in order, the steps of heating a cellulose preservative to about 180°F spraying said preservative on the cellulose material, impregnating the cellulose material with a preservative, cooling the sprayed cellulose material to a temperature of about 112 °F and subsequently spraying sodium bicarbonate on cooled cellulose material.
  • the preservative is applied through immersion and to apply the fire retardant sodium bicarbonate through spraying or vacuum and pressure treatment.
  • Sodium silicate and sodium bicarbonate combine to form an insoluble gel. For this reason, in general, the sodium silicate spray is applied to the tie separately from the application of sodium bicarbonate.
  • the problem of present invention may be seen as a provision of a method to achieve improved penetration of sodium silicate into wood for the protection of wood.
  • the solution as present inventor found out lies in the order of treating wood with sodium silicate and sodium bicarbonate; first impregnating the wood with coagulant sodium bicarbonate and then followed by impregnating the wood with sodium silicate, this results in an improved method of protection of wood.
  • the protection of the internal part of wood using sodium silicate is difficult as sodium silicate does not penetrate easily into wood fiber at ambient or elevated temperature.
  • Many other commercial non-environmental friendly wood impregnations liquids penetrate easily into the wood and also result in internal protection of the wood product. However, these preservatives are to be faded out in the coming years.
  • Such well known preservatives are for example used in building applications include; Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA-C), Alkaline Copper Quat, (ACQ-C, ACQ-D, ACQ-D Carbonate),
  • Micronized Copper Quat (MCQ), Copper Azole (CA-B & CA-C, pCA-C) and Sodium Borates (SBX/DOT). These treatments are often referred to by trade names such as Wolmanized Natural SelectTM, (Copper Azole), Preserve and NatureWood®, (ACQ), MicroProTM, Smart SenseTM (MCQ), and Advance Guard® (Borate).
  • any contamination of the sodium silicate by a coagulant such as known sodium bicarbonate
  • a coagulant such as known sodium bicarbonate
  • present method differs from other prior art methods by impregnating the wood product with coagulant (sodium bicarbonate) first and then secondly impregnate with sodium silicate.
  • a first aspect of the invention is a process for the protection of wood comprising the steps of; i) preparing a solution of sodium bicarbonate in water by steering at a temperature not higher than 100 °C;
  • step iv) optionally dry the wood of obtained in step iv) by applying heat at a temperature of at feast 70"C, and
  • treatment of wood is defined herein as contacting the chosen wood with a liquid to obtain preservation of the wood.
  • protection of wood is defined herein as protection against weathering, insect attacks, fungal and mold attacks and combination of such factors which affect the destruction of wood and its fibers to make it a worthless wood.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Present invention relates to a method for the treatment of wood using a composition comprising water glass (sodium silicate with formular Na 2 0(Si0 2 )) and sodium bicarbonate with formular (NaHC0 3 or CHNa0 3 ),
  • Sodium bicarbonate (99%) is commercial available as white powder.
  • Sodium silicate is commercial available as powder and solutions.
  • a sodium silicate with a high ratio such as 3.0 - 3.25 or more preferred a sodium silicate solution of 35 to 40% e.g. N44.
  • Preferred is the preparation of a 10% by weight solution of sodium bicarbonate by steering until the sodium bicarbonate powder is dissolved. Keep the sodium bicarbonate solution at ambient temperature.
  • the temperature of the solution comprising sodium bicarbonate it is preferred to keep the temperature of the solution under 50 °C, else the solution starts to release carbon dioxide and the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate declines.
  • Preferred is a temperature between 20°C and 50°C.
  • the preferred range of 20°C to 50°C has the advantage that more sodium carbonate can be added to the water. And as said above, at temperatures higher than 50C, more sodium bicarbonate disappeared (dissociated) - so preferred is to maintain the temperature between 20°C and 50°C.
  • any water with any water hardness may be used and is not a special negative effect on the benefits of present invention.
  • softer water is easier to use e.g. moderate softer water of not more than a hardness of 10 DH (German water hardness scale).
  • a degree of General Hardness (dGH or 'German degree (°dH, yer Harte)' is defined as 10 mg/L CaO or 17.848 ppm.
  • Moderate soft is 3.72-6.75 hardness in dGH/°dH.
  • Hard is 6.78 to 10.08 in dGH/°dH and very hard is higher than 10.14.
  • Preferred is a solution of sodium bicarbonate in water, comprising sodium bicarbonate in an amount from 5% to 15% by weight. At a temperature of at least 0°C and not higher than 50°C
  • Preferred is to keep the temperature of the solution at 20 °C or higher but not higher than 50°C, else the sodium bicarbonate will not dissolve or will start to precipitate and more steering might be needed again.
  • the chosen temperature of the water is dependent on the solubility of the sodium bicarbonate in water.
  • solubility of sodium bicarbonate is dependent on the temperature, for example at 0°C, it is possible to solubilise about 7% sodium bicarbonate, at 20°C a maximum of 10% sodium bicarbonate solution can be reached and at 60"C, 16.5% sodium bicarbonate solution may be reached. Most preferred is a solution of sodium bicarbonate at 20 "C and not higher than 50°C at atmospheric pressure.
  • the wood product is treated with the sodium bicarbonate solution using common industrial wood impregnation processes; as for example a pressure tank impregnation technique. Preferred may be to use an open cell impregnation technique as this leave cavities open for a subsequently treatment with the sodium silicate. Further, if pressure may be used to treat the wood with the sodium bicarbonate for example duration of 30 minutes or more is needed depending on the wood board dimensions and species of the wood chosen. It is preferred to target a solution weight uptake of 50%. This results in about 5% final uptake of sodium bicarbonate. It is not preferred to use vacuum after introducing sodium bicarbonate as vacuum stimulates sodium bicarbonate to release carbon dioxide and hereby becomes less active coagulant as ingredient for treating the wood.
  • common industrial wood impregnation processes as for example a pressure tank impregnation technique.
  • Preferred may be to use an open cell impregnation technique as this leave cavities open for a subsequently treatment with the sodium silicate.
  • pressure may be used to treat the wood with the sodium bi
  • An intermediate drying at low heat under 50 °C may be used before subsequently introducing sodium silicate to the wood product. Intermediate drying is recommended if more uptake of sodium silicate to the wood product is desired.
  • Preferred is a drying temperature between 5°C and 50°C, more preferred between 25° and 45°C and most preferred is 45 °C.
  • moderate softer water of not more than 10DH as defined herein.
  • very hard water as defined herein it may be a solution to add 5-15% more sodium bicarbonate and sodium silicate in the two respective solutions.
  • a hand or motor driven mixer may be used for mixing the sodium silicate into water. If heat is applied, optionally, a container with heating options may be chosen.
  • the amount of sodium silicate as prepared is preferred from 5% to 30% by weight and most preferred is 20%.
  • Sodium silicate solution may be heated at a temperature from 20°C to 100°C. Most preferred heating temperature is 60 °C. In this way better balance of heating cost compared to the benefit from better penetration is achieved.
  • Wood can also be contacted with sodium silicate using common industrial wood impregnation processes as known to the skilled person and by optionally using the standard known pressure impregnation technique.
  • wood types may be chosen for the treatment of present invention, from over 100 species and are the same as wood types used for the treatment by preservatives (prior art) using pressure impregnation.
  • a preferred wood type to be treated is herein is Radiata pine (also Pina radiate, family of Pinacea).
  • Other preferred woods are for example rubber wood, bamboo wood, young grown plantation wood e.g. teak wood from thinning.
  • wood species for using this invention can be of various reasons; the wood is locally available at low cost, the wood species is easily treatable, the wood product may need further protection to extend its service life, the use of the wood product benefits from the treatment method of present invention (e.g. fire doors, outdoor furniture, wood in service at waterways and national parks (non-hazard chemicals)).
  • Hard wood species in general do not accept present invented treatment method well; which is the same as for treatment using existing wood preservatives.
  • the benefit efficiency ratio of present invention treatment method on hard wood are limited, as in the case for other (prior art) treatment preservatives. Incising may increase the uptake of impregnation liquid and make the treatment method interesting for hardwood e.g. beech. When hard wood is chosen incising is recommended.
  • pressure this may be applied by using known standard industrial available pressure tanks for wood.
  • the wood may be treated by dipping the wood in the solution and using industrial available tanks.
  • this may be chosen as such that the sodium silicate mixes with water before sodium silicate reaches the bottom of the mixing container; if the sodium silicate reach the bottom on the container it might be difficult to stir it up again due to higher density of sodium silicate. Dry the wood of obtained by ventilation and/or applying heat
  • An intermediate drying of the wood at low heat under 50 °C may be used before subsequently introducing sodium silicate by place to wood in a ventilated area; drying for 1 day or more may be useful depending on board dimensions and wood species. This is done to e.g. reduce the moisture to reach 25% weight increase.
  • the process of the first aspect comprises a step v) is dry the wood of obtained in step iv) by applying heat at a temperature of at least 70°C. Applied pressure to the sodium bicarbonate while treating the wood
  • Pressure may be applied to treat the wood in the sodium silicate for about one hour or more at a pressure of preferred 3 to 10 bar depend on the board dimensions, density and structure of the wood. Preferred is to target a solution weight uptake of 50%.
  • the density of the impregnation solution can be measured using a scale; and a level gauge will make it possible to monitor the weight uptake during the process, all depending on used equipment.
  • 3 to 10 bar and a 20% solution results in about 10% final uptake of sodium silicate. It is preferred to avoid contamination of sodium silicate solution with coagulant sodium bicarbonate before it reaches the wood product, as gelling (fibrils) will block the pit of the wood cells and/or generate waste of impregnation liquid. It might also disturb performance of pump, valve and pipes by clotting.
  • An example of a known pressure tank for the purpose of present invention may be a T10 Plant, T20 Plant or DN 1500*15000.
  • the wood product is dried using common wood drying techniques e.g. Kiln dryer.
  • the drying time is depending on; the chosen wood species, the board dimensions and on the equipment used as well as the final desired moisture content.
  • Wood drying temperature of over 70 °C is preferred during drying to secure and ease the reaction for the insolubility of the sodium silicate. Vacuum drying may be used to decrease the drying process time.
  • a ventilated drying place may be chosen. Drying the wood may be done by a kiln drier or other known wood drying equipment available and known to the skilled person.
  • the method of present invention allows a sodium bicarbonate buffer inside the wood to react with the subsequently sodium silicate and at the same time protect the internal of the wood against fungus attacks. Furthermore, the sodium bicarbonate supports the sodium silicate's fire protection of the wood product.
  • Sodium bicarbonate is an anti-fungi in and fire retardant substance; which solution is very diffusible and thus very effective wood preservation coagulant for sodium silicate wood impregnation systems when it used before the sodium silicate.
  • Sodium bicarbonate penetrates easier into the wood and gives internal protection of the wood product.
  • the sodium bicarbonate By using the sodium bicarbonate first the sodium bicarbonate penetration into the wood fiber is easier and much deeper penetration can be achieved.
  • the two steps impregnation process gives no timing delays In the process as compared to a two component mixture process of prior art .
  • Both of the solutions are stable; the sodium bicarbonate solution and sodium silicate solution may also be reused without any gelling issues in holding tanks, pressure tanks, pumps and valves; as long as the sodium silicate solution exposure to air is minimized as also explained herein.
  • a Wood obtained by the method of first aspect (steps i to iv) (and not step v)
  • the obtained protected wood may thereafter be transported in a wet condition (without drying the treated wood of present invention - step v of first aspect) with the purpose to for example save cost in the process by not drying (saving energy cost), and may be useful for a specific purpose.
  • the protected wood under wet conditions, and treated according of the first aspect has the improved characteristics as described herein as also in case of the drying step of step v) is not included in the process.
  • the drying step of step v) is optional.
  • Example 1 Treated wood versus not treated wood
  • the wood (board) was treated with a Sodium Silicate 20% solution by weight for one hour and pressure was applied of 3 bars at 30 °C (ambient temperature). After the two steps of impregnation, the wooden board, where dried in a conventional oven at 100 °C for one day.
  • the two boards one treated and one non-treated; where exposed to tropical weathering for three months and visually inspected to measure differences.
  • the non-treated board turned black after a few weeks; whereas the treated board kept it bridge appearance long beyond the 3 months exposure.
  • Example 2 Method of verification of presence of sodium bicarbonate and sodium silicate preservative's penetration into treated wood.
  • Figure 1 shows the result. Dark wood is wood which is rotten, under destruction, cellulose fibers to the wood are disintegrating. Light wood as shown in figure 1 , is wood which is intact and protected as discussed in present invention. The wood as obtained by present method of impregnation. Wood of treated by the invention can be recognised by improved penetration of sodium bicarbonate and may be measured according to the method as described in example 2.
  • Figure 1 shows a picture of a board of wood (Radiata pine). The black coloured area is the non-treated wood according to the description of example 1. Dark wood is wood which is rotten, and under destruction. Light wood (not black), is intact and preserved.
  • Patent No. FR2560547A1 US Patent US6586109

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de protection du bois comprenant les étapes consistant à d'abord traiter le bois avec du bicarbonate de sodium puis avec du silicate de sodium. Le bois traité obtenu présente des propriétés améliorées contre le mauvais temps, les insectes et les attaques fongiques.
PCT/EP2013/003589 2012-11-28 2013-11-27 Procédé de conservation du bois utilisant du silicate de sodium et du bicarbonate de sodium WO2014101979A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EPEP12007993.4 2012-11-28
EP12007993 2012-11-28

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WO2014101979A2 true WO2014101979A2 (fr) 2014-07-03
WO2014101979A3 WO2014101979A3 (fr) 2014-10-16

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016022032A3 (fr) * 2014-08-07 2020-07-09 Chemenz Limited Modification de bois pour améliorer l'ignifugation
CN111921822A (zh) * 2020-08-11 2020-11-13 阜南县德盛隆工艺家具有限公司 一种竹木工艺品的喷涂工艺

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2560547A1 (fr) * 1984-03-02 1985-09-06 Willemin Veronique Composition et procede pour la protection du bois, notamment en milieu tropical marin, en particulier du bois de cocotier
WO2012072592A1 (fr) * 2010-11-29 2012-06-07 Organoclick Ab Procédé de traitement du bois respectueux de l'environnement

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2560547A1 (fr) * 1984-03-02 1985-09-06 Willemin Veronique Composition et procede pour la protection du bois, notamment en milieu tropical marin, en particulier du bois de cocotier
WO2012072592A1 (fr) * 2010-11-29 2012-06-07 Organoclick Ab Procédé de traitement du bois respectueux de l'environnement

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CARSTEN MAI ET AL: "Modification of wood with silicon compounds. inorganic silicon compounds and sol-gel systems: a review", WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 37, no. 5, 1 March 2004 (2004-03-01), pages 339-348, XP055058245, ISSN: 0043-7719, DOI: 10.1007/s00226-003-0205-5 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016022032A3 (fr) * 2014-08-07 2020-07-09 Chemenz Limited Modification de bois pour améliorer l'ignifugation
CN111921822A (zh) * 2020-08-11 2020-11-13 阜南县德盛隆工艺家具有限公司 一种竹木工艺品的喷涂工艺

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