WO2014101756A1 - 一种独立转向与驱动电动汽车的线控转向装置及其悬架系统 - Google Patents

一种独立转向与驱动电动汽车的线控转向装置及其悬架系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014101756A1
WO2014101756A1 PCT/CN2013/090366 CN2013090366W WO2014101756A1 WO 2014101756 A1 WO2014101756 A1 WO 2014101756A1 CN 2013090366 W CN2013090366 W CN 2013090366W WO 2014101756 A1 WO2014101756 A1 WO 2014101756A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steering
suspension system
steer
cross arm
speed reducer
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PCT/CN2013/090366
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐国卿
林桂林
李卫民
刘玢玢
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中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院
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Publication of WO2014101756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014101756A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/04Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
    • B62D5/0418Electric motor acting on road wheel carriers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/06Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
    • B62D7/14Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering
    • B62D7/15Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering characterised by means varying the ratio between the steering angles of the steered wheels
    • B62D7/1509Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering characterised by means varying the ratio between the steering angles of the steered wheels with different steering modes, e.g. crab-steering, or steering specially adapted for reversing of the vehicle

Definitions

  • Wire-steering steering device for independent steering and driving electric vehicle and suspension system thereof
  • the present invention relates to the field of electric vehicles, and more particularly to a steering device for an electric vehicle and a suspension system thereof.
  • Chinese patent document CN200910017734 discloses an integrated wheel assembly for independent driving, steering, suspension and braking, wherein the steering device is composed of a steering motor, a telescopic universal joint, a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear And the absolute encoder is composed, the steering motor and the driving bevel gear are connected by a retractable universal joint, the rear part of the steering motor is connected with an electromagnetic brake, the driven bevel gear meshes with the driving bevel gear, and the driven bevel gear is fixedly mounted on Suspension device at the end of the jacket of the medium-speed universal joint, the absolute encoder is mounted on the jacket of the constant velocity joint; the suspension device consists of the upper cross arm, the constant velocity joint, the knuckle, the ball head, the hem arm and The shock absorber is composed, the upper end of the steering knuckle is rigidly connected with the constant velocity universal joint inner sleeve, the constant velocity joint joint is connected with the upper swing arm through the bearing, and the lower
  • the present invention is directed to the problems existing in the prior art, and provides a steering device and a suspension system for an electric vehicle having an independent drive and independent steering function, which has a simple system structure and is easy to maintain.
  • a steer-by-wire steering device for independently steering and driving an electric vehicle includes a steering motor, a universal joint and a speed reducer that are sequentially connected, the steering motor is fixedly mounted on a vehicle body, and the steering motor passes through the universal joint
  • the speed reducer is connected, and the speed reducer is a worm gear reducer with a mechanical self-locking function.
  • the output shaft of the speed reducer is provided with a steering king pin at one end and an absolute encoder at the other end.
  • a suspension system incorporating the above-described steer-by-wire steering apparatus includes a suspension device, a steer-by-wire steering device, a hub drive device, and a brake device, the suspension device including a frame and laterally connected at an upper end thereof, respectively The lower end arm and the lower cross arm of the lower end, the lower end of the knuckle is connected to the lower cross arm through the lower ball head, and a shock absorber is disposed between the lower cross arm and the frame, wherein: the output end of the speed reducer
  • the steering kingpin is coupled to the ball cage fixed to the upper end of the steering knuckle by a spline, and the steering kingpin is fixed to the bearing base of the end of the upper cross arm by a pair of tapered roller bearings, and the cone is passed through the bearing end cover
  • the roller bearings are axially fixed.
  • the hub drive device includes a wheel and a hub motor, the outer rotor of the hub motor being fixed together with the rim of the wheel, the stator shaft of the hub motor being rigidly coupled to the knuckle in the suspension device.
  • the brake device includes a brake caliper and a brake disc, and the brake caliper is fixed to the steering knuckle, and the brake disc is fixed together with the outer rotor of the hub motor.
  • the brake caliper is hydraulically driven.
  • the upper cross arm has two cross bars, and the cross bar and the frame form a triangular structure on a horizontal surface, and the reducer is installed at a joint of the two cross bars.
  • the shock absorber is a spring shock absorber, and one end of the spring shock absorber is connected to the frame, and the other end is connected to the end of the lower cross arm.
  • the steer-by-wire steering device for independently steering and driving an electric vehicle according to the present invention, comprising a steering motor, a universal joint and a speed reducer, wherein the speed reducer is a turbine rod reducer having a mechanical self-locking function, at the speed reducer
  • the output shaft has a steering kingpin at one end and an absolute encoder at the other end.
  • the technical solution adopts a worm gear reducer with self-locking function, and the worm gear reducer can not only accelerate the function, but also maintain the car in a certain direction during driving, thereby effectively avoiding the adoption in the prior art.
  • the electromagnetic brake leads to technical problems of many parts of the steering system and complicated system.
  • This design simplifies the structure of the steering system while ensuring the steering function, making the wire-controlled steering device simple and compact, and making the entire steering system become It is simple and practical, and adopts the mechanical locking method to maintain the position during the running of the vehicle, reduce the complexity of the steering system, and also facilitate maintenance.
  • the present invention provides a suspension system including a suspension device, a wire steering device, a hub device, and a braking device, wherein the wire steering device is an independent steering and driving electric vehicle according to the present invention.
  • a steer-by-wire steering device the steering kingpin of the steer-by-wire steering device is coupled to a ball cage fixed to an upper end of the knuckle by a spline, and the steering kingpin is fixed to the upper cross arm by a pair of tapered roller bearings
  • the tapered bearing is axially fixed by the bearing end cover, and the wire steering device is connected with the suspension device by the above structure to form a suspension system, so that the entire suspension system is connected Stable, simple structure and easy to control.
  • Independent suspension system using the steer-by-wire steering device of the present invention It can independently control wheel steering, realize front and rear wheel steering, in-situ steering and translational movement in any direction. It is suitable for venues with small space and flexible steering.
  • the suspension system of the present invention the two crossbars of the upper cantilever and the frame form a triangular structure, and the reducer is installed at the joint of the two crossbars, that is, at the top corner of the triangle, the steering motor is fixed. On the frame, the entire steering system is more stable.
  • Figure 2 is a front view of the steering knuckle
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the steering knuckle
  • Figure 4 is a front view of the upper cross arm
  • Figure 5 is a plan view of the upper cross arm
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the steering of the wheel of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a steer-by-wire steering apparatus comprising a steering motor 21, a universal joint 22 and a speed reducer 23 which are sequentially connected, and the steering motor 21 is fixedly mounted on a vehicle body.
  • the steering motor 21 is connected to the speed reducer 23 via a universal joint 22, and the speed reducer 23 is a worm gear reducer having a mechanical self-locking function, and one end of the output shaft of the speed reducer 23 is provided with a steering kingpin 25
  • the steering kingpin is splined in the ball cage 34 at the upper end of the steering knuckle 36 (see FIG. 2 and FIG.
  • the steer-by-wire steering device of the present invention has a simple and compact structure, and adopts a mechanical locking manner to achieve positional maintenance during running of the vehicle and reduce the complexity of the steering system.
  • the universal joint 22 used in this embodiment is a retractable universal joint, and the bumps are inevitably generated during the running of the automobile, and the telescopic universal joint can make the automobile still in a bumpy condition. Keep the original steering angle.
  • the present invention also provides a suspension system constructed using the above-described Embodiment 1, including a suspension device, a wire steering device, and a hub Drive unit and brake unit.
  • the suspension device includes a frame 31 and an upper cross arm 32 and a lower cross arm 35 respectively laterally connected at an upper end and a lower end thereof.
  • the front view and the top view of the upper cross arm are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and also include steering.
  • Section 36, the front view and the top view of the knuckle 36 are generally shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • the lower end of the knuckle 36 is connected to the lower cross arm 35 through the lower ball head 37, and is disposed between the end of the lower cross arm 35 and the frame.
  • the steer-by-wire steering device includes a steering motor 21, a universal joint 22, and a speed reducer 23 that are sequentially connected, and the steering motor 21 is fixedly mounted on the vehicle body.
  • the steering motor 21 is connected to the speed reducer 23 via a universal joint 22, and the speed reducer 23 is a worm gear reducer having a mechanical self-locking function, and an absolute encoder 24 is mounted at one end of the speed reducer 23,
  • the other end of the output shaft of the speed reducer 23 is provided with a steering kingpin 25, which is connected by a spline to a ball cage 34 fixed to the upper end of the steering knuckle 36, and the steering kingpin 25 passes through a pair
  • a tapered roller bearing 39 is fixed to the bearing base at the end of the upper cross arm 32 and axially fixed by the bearing end cap 30.
  • the hub drive comprises a wheel 12 and an in-wheel motor 11, the outer rotor of the hub motor 11 being fixed together with the rim of the wheel 12, the stator shaft of the hub motor 11 being rigidly connected to the knuckle 36 in the suspension arrangement.
  • This arrangement provides an independent drive motor on each wheel, which is attached to the knuckle for added drive flexibility.
  • the brake device includes a brake caliper 42 and a brake disc 41, and the brake caliper 42 is fixed to the knuckle 36, and the brake disc is fixed together with the outer rotor of the hub motor 11.
  • the brake caliper 42 is hydraulically driven and can also be driven by air pressure.
  • the suspension system in the embodiment constructed by using the steer-by-wire steering device described in Embodiment 1 can independently control wheel steering, realize front and rear wheel steering, in-situ steering, and translational motion in any direction, as shown in the figure. As shown in Figure 6, it is especially suitable for venues where space is small and where flexibility is required.
  • the upper cross arm 32 may further be configured to have two cross bars. Referring to FIG. 5, the cross bar and the frame form a triangular structure on a horizontal surface, and the reducer 23 is mounted at the top corner of the triangular structure. This arrangement takes full advantage of the stability of the triangle, making the upper cross arm more robust and ensuring the safety of the entire suspension system.
  • the damper 33 is a spring damper, and one end of the spring damper is connected to the frame 31, and the other end is connected to the end of the lower cross arm 35.
  • the spring shock absorber is the most common and widely used shock absorber, but the invention is not limited to this type of shock absorber.
  • an airbag shock absorber can also be used, and only a shock absorption is used here. The effect is to make the car have a more comfortable driving environment, and there is no specific requirement for the shock absorber.
  • the axes of the ball cage 34 and the lower ball head 37 in this embodiment are in a straight line.
  • the steering motor receives the steering signal
  • the worm gear in the speed reducer is rotated, so that the universal joint is a ball cage.
  • the center axis of the lower ball head is the axis
  • the heart drives the wheel to rotate around the axis, thereby turning the wheel. Since the rotational axis of the steering gear is at a distance from the inner side of the wheel, the distance can rotate the wheel about the axis by a desired angle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

一种独立转向与驱动电动汽车的线控转向装置及其悬架系统,所述的转向装置具有依次连接的转向电机(21)、万向节(22)和减速器(23),所述减速器(23)为具有机械自锁功能的蜗轮蜗杆减速器,所述减速器(23)的输出轴一端设有转向主销(25),另一端安装有绝对式编码器(24)。线控转向装置结构简单紧凑,且采用机械锁定方式实现对车辆行驶过程中的位置保持,降低转向系统的复杂性,悬架系统可独立控制车轮转向,实现前后轮转向、原地转向及任意方向的平移运动,适用于空间狭小及需灵活转向的场地。

Description

一种独立转向与驱动电动汽车的线控转向装置及其悬架系统 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及电动汽车领域, 尤其涉及电动汽车的转向装置及其悬架系统。
背景技术
[0002] 随着新能源汽车产业的不断发展, 四轮独立转向与驱动电动汽车受到越来越多的重 视。 该类电动汽车采用 4个轮毂电机独立驱动, 利用电子差速, 同时采用 4个电机独立控制 四个车轮的转向, 无传统汽车的传动系统和转向梯形机构, 传动效率高, 可实现较理想的转 向控制和汽车稳定性控制, 另外, 4 个车轮都能够进行大角度转向, 可以实现车辆的原地转 向及横向行驶, 极大提高了汽车移动的灵活性。 目前日本已经出现这种类型的概念车, 国内 对该类电动汽车也已有研究。
[0003] 如中国专利文献 CN200910017734公布了一种独立驱动、 转向、 悬挂和制动的一体化 车轮总成, 其中, 转向装置由转向电机、 可伸缩万向节、 主动锥齿轮、 从动锥齿轮和绝对式 编码器组成, 转向电机与主动锥齿轮之间通过可伸缩万向节连接, 转向电机的后部连接有电 磁制动器, 从动锥齿轮与主动锥齿轮啮合, 从动锥齿轮固定安装在悬架装置中等速万向节的 外套一端, 绝对式编码器安装在等速万向节的外套上; 悬架装置由上横臂、 等速万向节、 转 向节、 球头、 下摆臂及减震器组成, 转向节上端与等速万向节内套刚性相连, 等速万向节外 套通过轴承与上摆臂相连, 其下端通过球头与下摆臂连接, 减震器一端与下摆臂连接。 该装 置实现了独立驱动与转向, 但车辆行驶过程中车轮的位置保持通过电磁制动器来实现, 这种 设计使转向系统的零部件较多, 整个转向系统变得很复杂, 同时也增加了维护和保养的成 本。
发明内容
[0004] 本发明针对现有技术存在的问题, 提供一种系统结构简单, 便于维护保养的具有独 立驱动、 独立转向功能的电动汽车的转向装置和悬架系统。
[0005] 为实现上述目的, 本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种独立转向与驱动电动汽车的线控转向装置, 包括依次连接的转向电机、 万向节和减速 器, 所述转向电机固定安装在车体上, 所述转向电机通过所述万向节与所述减速器连接, 所 述减速器为具有机械自锁功能的蜗轮蜗杆减速器, 所述减速器的输出轴一端设有转向主销, 另一端安装有绝对式编码器。
[0006] 所述的万向节为可伸缩式万向节。 [0007] 一种配合上述线控转向装置的悬架系统, 包括悬架装置、 线控转向装置、 轮毂驱动 装置以及制动装置, 所述悬架装置包括车架以及分别横向连接在其上端和下端的上横臂和下 横臂, 转向节的下端通过下球头与下横臂连接, 在下横臂和车架之间设置有减震器, 其特征 在于: 所述减速器的输出端的所述转向主销通过花键与固定于所述转向节上端的球笼连接, 所述转向主销通过一对圆锥滚子轴承固定于上横臂末端的轴承底座上, 并通过轴承端盖对圆 锥滚子轴承进行轴向固定。
[0008] 所述的轮毂驱动装置包括车轮和轮毂电机, 轮毂电机的外转子与车轮的轮辋固定在 一起, 轮毂电机的定子轴与悬架装置中的转向节刚性连接。
[0009] 所述的制动装置包括制动卡钳和刹车盘, 制动卡钳固定于转向节上, 刹车盘与轮毂 电机的外转子固定一起。
[0010] 所述的制动卡钳采用液压驱动。
[0011] 所述的上横臂具有两个横杆, 所述横杆与车架在水平面上构成三角形结构, 所述减速 器安装在所述两个横杆的连接处。
[0012] 所述的减震器为弹簧减震器, 所述弹簧减震器的一端连接在车架上, 另一端连接在 下横臂的末端。
[0013] 本发明的有益效果是:
1、 本发明所述的独立转向与驱动电动汽车的线控转向装置, 包括转向电机、 万向节和减速 器, 所述减速器为具有机械自锁功能的涡轮杆减速器, 在减速器的输出轴一端设有转向主 销, 另一端安装有绝对式编码器。 该技术方案中采用具有自锁功能的蜗轮蜗杆减速器, 这种 蜗轮蜗杆减速器既能够起到加速的作用, 又可以使汽车在行驶过程中保持一定的方向, 有效 避免了现有技术中采用电磁制动器导致转向系统零部件较多、 系统复杂的技术问题, 这种设 计在保证转向功能的同时又简化了转向系统的结构, 使得所述线控转向装置结构简单紧凑, 使整个转向系统变得简单实用, 且采用机械锁定方式实现对车辆行驶过程中的位置保持, 降 低转向系统的复杂性, 而且也有利于保养维护。
[0014] 2、 本发明提供一种悬架系统, 包括悬架装置、 线控转向装置、 轮毂装置以及制动装 置, 所述线控转向装置为本发明所述的独立转向与驱动电动汽车的线控转向装置, 所述线控 转向装置的所述转向主销通过花键与固定于所述转向节上端的球笼连接, 所述转向主销通过 一对圆锥滚子轴承固定于上横臂末端的轴承底座上, 并通过轴承端盖对圆锥滚子轴承进行轴 向固定, 通过上述结构将所述线控转向装置与所述悬架装置连接, 构成悬架系统, 使得整个 悬架系统连接稳固、 结构简单、 控制方便。 采用本发明所述的线控转向装置的独立悬架系 统, 可独立控制车轮转向, 实现前后轮转向、 原地转向及任意方向的平移运动, 适用于空间 狭小及需灵活转向的场地。
[0015] 3、 本发明所述的悬架系统, 上悬臂的两根横杆与车架构成三角形结构, 减速器安装 在两个横杆的连接处, 即三角形的顶角处, 转向电机固定在车架上, 这样就是的整个转向系 统更加稳固。
附图说明
[0016] 图 1是本发明的结构示意图;
图 2是转向节的主视图;
图 3是转向节的俯视图;
图 4是上横臂的主视图;
图 5是上横臂的俯视图;
图 6是本发明的车轮转向示意图;
图中: 11-轮毂电机, 12-车轮, 21-转向电机, 22-可伸缩万向节, 23-减速器, 24-编码器, 25-转向主销, 30-轴承端盖, 31-车架, 32-上横臂, 33-减震器, 34-球笼, 35-下横臂, 36-转 向节, 37-下球头, 38-螺栓, 39-圆锥滚子轴承, 41-刹车盘, 42-制动卡钳。
具体实施方式
[0017] 实施例 1 :
参见图 1, 本发明提供一种线控转向装置, 包括依次连接的转向电机 21、 万向节 22和减速 器 23, 所述转向电机 21固定安装在车体上。 所述转向电机 21通过万向节 22与所述减速器 23连接, 所述减速器 23 为具有机械自锁功能的蜗轮蜗杆减速器, 所述减速器 23 的输出轴 一端设有转向主销 25, 该转向主销通过花键设置于转向节 36上端的球笼 34 内 (参见图 2 图 3 ), 减速器 23的另一端安装有绝对式编码器 24, 所述绝对式编码器 24用于将车轮的转 向角反馈给驾驶室, 实现人工或者计算机控制。 所述的蜗轮蜗杆减速器一方面可以起到减速 的作用, 另一方面又可以使车轮在行驶过程中保持一定的方向, 这样就可以省去现有转向系 统中的电磁制动器, 简化了转向系统的结构。 因此, 本发明所述的线控转向装置结构简单紧 凑, 且采用机械锁定方式实现对车辆行驶过程中的位置保持, 降低转向系统的复杂性。
[0018] 本实施例采用的万向节 22为可伸缩式万向节, 由于汽车在行驶的过程中难免会产生 颠簸, 而采用可伸缩式万向节就能使汽车在颠簸的状况下仍保持原来的转向角。
[0019] 实施例 2:
本发明还提供一种使用上述实施例 1构成的悬架系统, 包括悬架装置、 线控转向装置、 轮毂 驱动装置以及制动装置。
[0020] 所述悬架装置包括车架 31 以及分别横向连接在其上端和下端的上横臂 32 和下横臂 35, 上横臂的主视图和俯视图参见图 4和图 5, 还包括转向节 36, 所述转向节 36的主视图 和俯视图常见图 2和图 3, 转向节 36的下端通过下球头 37与下横臂 35连接, 在下横臂 35 的端部和车架之间设有减震器 33。
[0021] 所述线控转向装置包括依次连接的转向电机 21、 万向节 22 和减速器 23, 所述转向 电机 21固定安装在车体上。 所述转向电机 21通过万向节 22与所述减速器 23连接, 所述减 速器 23为具有机械自锁功能的蜗轮蜗杆减速器, 所述减速器 23的一端安装有绝对式编码器 24, 所述减速器 23 的输出轴另一端设有转向主销 25, 所述转向主销 25通过花键与固定于 所述转向节 36上端的球笼 34连接, 所述转向主销 25通过一对圆锥滚子轴承 39固定于上横 臂 32末端的轴承底座上, 并通过轴承端盖 30进行轴向固定。
[0022] 所述轮毂驱动装置包括车轮 12和轮毂电机 11, 轮毂电机 11的外转子与车轮 12的轮 辋固定一起, 轮毂电机 11的定子轴与悬架装置中的转向节 36刚性连接。 这种设置使每个车 轮上都有一个独立驱动电机, 所述的电机固定在转向节上, 增加了驱动的灵活性。
[0023] 所述制动装置包括制动卡钳 42和刹车盘 41, 制动卡钳 42固定于转向节 36上, 刹车 盘与轮毂电机 11的外转子固定一起。 制动卡钳 42采用液压驱动, 也可以使用气压驱动。
[0024] 使用实施例 1 所述的线控转向装置构成的本实施例中的所述悬架系统, 可独立控制 车轮转向, 实现前后轮转向、 原地转向及任意方向的平移运动, 如图 6所示, 尤其适用于空 间狭小及需灵活转向的场地。
[0025] 实施例 3 :
在实施例 2 的基础上, 所述的上横臂 32还可以进一步设置为具有两个横杆的结构, 参见图 5, 所述横杆与车架在水平面上构成三角形结构, 所述减速器 23安装在所述三角形结构的顶 角处。 这种设置充分利用三角形的稳定性, 使上横臂的制成作用更加的牢固, 保证了整个悬 架系统的安全性。
[0026] 在本实施例中, 所述的减震器 33 为弹簧减震器, 所述弹簧减震器的一端连接在车架 31上, 另一端连接在下横臂 35 的末端。 弹簧减震器是最为常见和使用范围较广的一种减震 器, 但是本发明并不仅限于这一种减震器, 如还可以使用气囊减震器等, 这里只是起到一个 减震的效果, 使汽车有一个较为舒适的行车环境, 对减震器并没有具体要求。
[0027] 此外, 本实施例中的球笼 34和下球头 37 的轴线在一条直线上, 当转向电机接收到 转向信号, 带动减速器中的蜗轮蜗杆旋转, 从而使万向节以球笼和下球头的中心轴线为轴 心, 带动车轮绕轴旋转, 从而使车轮转向。 由于转向器的旋转轴心距车轮的内侧面有一定的 距离, 该距离可以使车轮绕所述轴心旋转所需角度。
[0028] 以上所述仅为本发明的最佳实施例, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发明的精神和原 则之内, 所作的任何修改、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种独立转向与驱动电动汽车的线控转向装置, 包括依次连接的转向电机 (21)、 万向节 (22) 和减速器 (23), 所述转向电机 (21) 固定安装在车体上, 所述转向电机 (21) 通过 所述万向节 (22) 与所述减速器 (23) 连接, 其特征在于: 所述减速器 (23) 为具有机械自 锁功能的蜗轮蜗杆减速器, 所述减速器的输出轴一端设有转向主销 (25), 另一端安装有绝 对式编码器 (24)。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的独立转向与驱动电动汽车的线控转向装置, 其特征在于: 所述的 万向节 (22) 为可伸缩式万向节。
3. —种使用权利要求 1 所述的线控转向装置的悬架系统, 包括悬架装置、 线控转向装置、 轮毂驱动装置以及制动装置, 所述悬架装置包括车架 (31) 以及分别横向连接在其上端和下 端的上横臂 (32) 和下横臂 (35), 转向节 (36) 的下端通过下球头 (37) 与下横臂 (35) 连接, 在下横臂 (35) 和车架之间设置有减震器 (33), 其特征在于: 所述减速器 (23) 的 输出端的所述转向主销 (25) 通过花键与固定于所述转向节 (36) 上端的球笼 (34) 连接, 所述转向主销 (25) 通过一对圆锥滚子轴承 (39) 固定于上横臂 (32) 末端的轴承底座上, 并通过轴承端盖 (30) 对圆锥滚子轴承 (39) 进行轴向固定。
4. 根据权利要求 3 所述悬架系统, 其特征在于: 轮毂驱动装置包括车轮 (12) 和轮毂电机 (11), 轮毂电机 (11) 的外转子与车轮 (12) 的轮辋固定在一起, 轮毂电机 (11) 的定子 轴与悬架装置中的转向节 (36) 刚性连接。
5. 根据权利要求 4 所述悬架系统, 其特征在于: 所述的制动装置包括制动卡钳 (42) 和刹 车盘 (41), 制动卡钳 (42) 固定于转向节 (36) 上, 刹车盘 (41) 与轮毂电机 (11) 的外 转子固定一起。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述悬架系统, 其特征在于: 所述的制动卡钳 (42) 采用液压驱动。
7. 根据权利要求 3或 4或 5所述悬架系统, 其特征在于: 所述的上横臂 (32) 具有两个横 杆, 所述横杆与车架 (31) 在水平面上构成三角形结构, 所述减速器 (23) 安装在所述两个 横杆的连接处。
8. 根据权利要求 3 所述悬架系统, 其特征在于: 所述的减震器 (33) 为弹簧减震器, 所述 弹簧减震器的一端连接在车架 (31) 上, 另一端连接在下横臂 (35) 的末端。
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CN101973307A (zh) * 2010-10-19 2011-02-16 吉林大学 主销零偏置线控独立驱动与转向的汽车行走机构及电动车
CN203094172U (zh) * 2012-12-24 2013-07-31 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 一种独立转向与驱动电动汽车的线控转向装置及其悬架系统

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CN114228829B (zh) * 2020-09-09 2023-11-07 现代摩比斯株式会社 独立驱动轮的转向装置及包括其的独立驱动模块
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