WO2014097854A1 - 乱視用眼鏡レンズの製造装置及び製造方法 - Google Patents
乱視用眼鏡レンズの製造装置及び製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014097854A1 WO2014097854A1 PCT/JP2013/082091 JP2013082091W WO2014097854A1 WO 2014097854 A1 WO2014097854 A1 WO 2014097854A1 JP 2013082091 W JP2013082091 W JP 2013082091W WO 2014097854 A1 WO2014097854 A1 WO 2014097854A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/024—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses
- G02C7/027—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses considering wearer's parameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/024—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses
- G02C7/025—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses considering parameters of the viewed object
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/024—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses
- G02C7/028—Special mathematical design techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/06—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses bifocal; multifocal ; progressive
- G02C7/061—Spectacle lenses with progressively varying focal power
- G02C7/063—Shape of the progressive surface
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/06—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses bifocal; multifocal ; progressive
- G02C7/061—Spectacle lenses with progressively varying focal power
- G02C7/068—Special properties achieved by the combination of the front and back surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C2202/00—Generic optical aspects applicable to one or more of the subgroups of G02C7/00
- G02C2202/06—Special ophthalmologic or optometric aspects
Definitions
- the present invention provides a first refractive part having a first refractive power, a second refractive part having a second refractive power stronger than the first refractive power, and a refractive power from the first refractive part to the second refractive part.
- the present invention relates to a manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method for an astigmatic spectacle lens having progressively changing progressive refraction parts.
- An eyeglass lens having a progressive refraction part in which refractive power changes progressively is known.
- a progressive-power lens for both near and far is designed such that the power gradually changes on the main line of sight so that the wearer can continuously and clearly see from a long distance to a short distance.
- Many of this type of spectacle lenses are designed according to the individual prescription powers and wearing conditions of the left and right eyes, but are suitable when there is a difference in the left and right distance prescription powers, such as when the wearer is blind. It was not designed properly.
- non-congruent refers to the case where there is a frequency difference between the left and right eyes regardless of the size.
- a non-sighted wearer who wears eyeglasses with different distance power on the left and right, sees the index located on the side when the glasses are worn in the left and right gaze directions due to the difference in the prism action of the left and right lenses.
- this type of convergence or diverging changes the position on the lens through which the line of sight passes from the position assumed in the design, thus deteriorating aberrations and the like for both eyes and hindering good binocular vision It was.
- Patent Document 1 in US Pat. No. 8,162,478 (hereinafter referred to as “Patent Document 1”), good binocular vision is assured with a pair of progressive power lenses having different distance powers on the left and right. Things have been proposed. Specifically, Patent Document 1 discloses a pair of progressive power lens components having different distance powers on the left and right, a pair of progressive power lens components having the same distance power and addition power on the left and right, Dividing into a pair of monofocal lens components of different frequencies, and when viewing with binocular vision using a lens having a monofocal lens component, the line of sight is moved from a distance from the front to a distance other than the front toward a predetermined azimuth angle.
- the ratio with respect to the average power distribution and astigmatism distribution of the lens component for one eye or both eyes of the lens having a progressive power lens component A technique for suppressing the occurrence of aberrations other than the left and right distance power differences in the difference between the average power and astigmatism with respect to the left and right lines of sight in binocular vision by adding a correction according to binocular vision is disclosed. More specifically, when the power of the single focus lens component is a spherical power on both the left and right sides (in the case of a spectacle lens without astigmatism prescription), the average power distribution and astigmatism distribution are corrected as corrections to the progressive power lens component, etc.
- the average power distribution and the astigmatism distribution are in the astigmatic axis direction as correction for the progressive power lens component. It is enlarged or reduced to an ellipse at an anisotropic rate according to the above.
- the optical continuity of both the distribution of the average power distribution and the astigmatism distribution can be substantially maintained simultaneously. For example, a location where the distribution rapidly changes appears locally. When such a portion appears in the progressive refraction part, a problem is pointed out that “continuity of the visual field” which is one of important elements in the spectacle lens having the progressive refraction part is lost.
- the enlargement ratio or reduction ratio for the average power distribution and the astigmatism distribution varies depending on the direction, the surface shape constituted by the average power distribution and the astigmatism distribution after enlargement or reduction is not continuous (the lens surface). There is also a problem that there is a step on the top).
- An apparatus for manufacturing an astigmatic spectacle lens according to an aspect of the present invention includes a first refractive unit having a first refractive power, a second refractive unit having a second refractive power stronger than the first refractive power, and a first refractive unit.
- a prescription lens defining means For each of the left and right, calculate a power component in the longitudinal direction of the first refractive part of the prescription lens based on predetermined prescription information, and define a pseudo-prescription lens having the calculated power component as the spherical power of the first refractive part.
- Object plane defining means for defining the left and right common in response to equal power savings, chief ray passing positions on left and right reference lenses through which chief rays from points on a plurality of object planes pass, and
- the passing position calculation means for calculating the principal ray passing position on each of the left and right pseudo-prescription lenses, the intersection between the line of sight of the front view and the reference lens, and the distance between the principal ray passing position on the reference lens is the first distance.
- Ratio calculation means for calculating the ratio between the first distance and the second distance corresponding to the point, and the curvature at the principal ray passing position of the pseudo-prescription lens corresponding to each point on the plurality of object planes for each of the left and right
- Ratio calculation means for calculating the ratio between the first distance and the second distance corresponding to the point, and the curvature at the principal ray passing position of the pseudo-prescription lens corresponding to each point on the plurality of object planes for each of the left and right
- the astigmatic spectacle lens manufacturing apparatus wearing on the main line of sight from the first refracting portion to the second refracting portion while ensuring optical continuity and continuity of the surface shape.
- Astigmatic spectacle lenses are manufactured in which the difference in the addition effect that substantially acts on the left and right eyes of the person is suppressed. Thereby, it is possible to maintain the same adjustment force necessary for the left and right eyes. In this case, good intermediate vision and near vision with both eyes are achieved. Further, in the astigmatic spectacle lens manufactured in this way, the difference in aberrations on the left and right eyes is reduced, so that the quality of the images formed on the retinas of the left and right eyes can be made comparable. And the suppression of the factor that inhibits the binocular visual function is achieved. Thereby, for example, it is possible to ensure good binocular vision at each object distance from far to near.
- the ratio between the first distance and the second distance corresponding to each point on the plurality of object surfaces is, for example, that the first refractive power in the pseudo-prescription lens is more negative than the first refractive power in the reference lens In this case, the value is smaller than 1 and is not uniform.
- the ratio between the first distance and the second distance corresponding to each point on the plurality of object planes is also such that, for example, the first refractive power in the pseudo-prescription lens is greater than the first refractive power in the reference lens. In the case of the side, the value is larger than 1 and is not uniform.
- the astigmatic spectacle lens manufacturing apparatus includes a first addition calculating unit that calculates the addition at the second refracting portion of the reference lens, and a curvature distribution correction by the prescription lens correcting unit.
- a second addition calculating means for calculating the addition at the second refractive part in each of the left and right prescription lenses, and the addition calculated by the second addition calculating means as the first addition calculation.
- An addition correction means for further correcting each of the curvature distributions of the left and right prescription lenses after the curvature distribution correction may be provided so as to coincide with the addition calculated by the means.
- the reference lens has, for example, a distance diopter and a diopter common to the left and right determined based on prescription information.
- the distance power is a power obtained by averaging the spherical powers of the first refractive portions of the pair of left and right pseudo-prescription lenses.
- the reference object surface is, for example, a surface including a plurality of object surfaces arranged on an object distance corresponding to each power from the first refracting portion to the second refracting portion in the reference lens.
- a manufacturing method of an astigmatic spectacle lens according to an aspect of the present invention includes a first refractive part having a first refractive power, a second refractive part having a second refractive power stronger than the first refractive power, and a first refractive part.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram mainly for explaining the processing step S3 of FIG. 2 and shows an example of a virtual optical model and a schematic lens layout corresponding to a reference lens. It is a figure for demonstrating mainly process step S4 and S5 of FIG. 2, and shows a reference
- FIG. 3 is a diagram mainly for explaining the processing step S6 of FIG. 2 and shows a standard addition on the reference spherical surface.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram mainly for explaining the processing step S ⁇ b> 10 of FIG. 2, and shows the transmittance distribution of each lens model.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a spectacle lens manufacturing system 1 according to the present embodiment.
- a spectacle lens manufacturing system 1 includes a spectacle store 10 that orders spectacle lenses according to prescriptions for customers (wearers), and spectacle lenses that manufacture spectacle lenses in response to an order from the spectacle store 10. It has a lens manufacturing factory 20.
- the order to the spectacle lens manufacturing factory 20 is made through a predetermined network such as the Internet or data transmission by FAX.
- the orderer may include ophthalmologists and general consumers.
- the spectacle store 10 is provided with a store computer 100.
- the store computer 100 is, for example, a general PC (Personal Computer), and is installed with software for ordering eyeglass lenses from the eyeglass lens manufacturing factory 20.
- Lens data and frame data are input to the store computer 100 through operation of a mouse, a keyboard, and the like by an eyeglass store staff.
- the lens data includes, for example, prescription values (base curve, spherical power, astigmatism power, astigmatism axis direction, prism power, prism base direction, add power, pupil distance (PD), pupillary distance, etc.)
- Wear conditions corneal apex distance, forward tilt angle, frame tilt angle
- spectacle lens types single focal sphere, single focal aspheric, multifocal (double focal, progressive), coating (dyeing, hard coating, anti-reflection) Film, UV cut etc.
- layout data according to customer's request, etc.
- the frame data includes the shape data of the frame selected by the customer.
- the frame data is managed by, for example, a barcode tag, and can be obtained by reading the barcode tag attached to the frame by a barcode reader.
- the store computer 100 transmits order data (lens data and frame data) to the eyeglass lens manufacturing factory 20 via the Internet, for example.
- FIG. 20 Glasses lens manufacturing factory 20
- a LAN Local Area Network
- the spectacle lens design computer 202 and the spectacle lens processing computer 204 are general PCs, and a spectacle lens design program and a spectacle lens processing program are installed, respectively.
- Order data transmitted from the store computer 100 via the Internet is input to the host computer 200.
- the host computer 200 transmits the input order data to the spectacle lens design computer 202.
- the spectacle lens manufacturing factory 20 After receiving the ordering data, the spectacle lens manufacturing factory 20 designs and processes both the inner and outer surfaces of the unprocessed block piece so that the prescription of the wearer is satisfied.
- the frequencies of the entire production range are divided into a plurality of groups, and the outer surface (convex surface) curve shape (spherical shape or aspherical shape) adapted to the frequency range of each group.
- a semi-finished blank having a lens diameter may be prepared in advance for the order of spectacle lenses.
- the spectacle lens manufacturing factory 20 manufactures spectacle lenses suitable for the wearer's prescription by only performing inner surface (concave surface) processing (and target lens processing).
- the eyeglass lens design computer 202 is installed with a program for designing eyeglass lenses according to orders, creates lens design data based on order data (lens data), and based on order data (frame data). Create the target lens processing data.
- the design of the spectacle lens by the spectacle lens design computer 202 will be described in detail later.
- the spectacle lens design computer 202 transfers the created lens design data and target lens shape processing data to the spectacle lens processing computer 204.
- the operator sets the block piece on the processing machine 206 such as a curve generator and inputs a processing start instruction to the spectacle lens processing computer 204.
- the eyeglass lens processing computer 204 reads the lens design data and the target lens shape processing data transferred from the eyeglass lens design computer 202 and drives and controls the processing machine 206.
- the processing machine 206 grinds and polishes the inner surface and the outer surface of the block piece according to the lens design data to produce the inner surface shape and the outer surface shape of the spectacle lens. Further, the processing machine 206 processes the outer peripheral surface of the uncut lens after the inner surface shape and the outer surface shape are manufactured into a peripheral shape corresponding to the target lens shape.
- ⁇ Eyeglass lenses that have been processed into a lens shape are subjected to various coatings such as dyeing, hard coating, antireflection coating, and UV protection according to the order data. Thereby, the spectacle lens is completed and delivered to the spectacle store 10.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a spectacle lens design process performed by the spectacle lens design computer 202.
- it is a pair of astigmatic spectacle lenses that should be prescribed to a non-sighted wearer with different distance diopters on the left and right sides, a single-sided progressive lens with a progressive refractive element on the inner surface or outer surface, or a progressive refractive element on the outer surface.
- Design of various spectacle lenses for both near and near, with a double-sided progressive type distributed on both the inner surface and the inner surface, or a double-sided compound progressive type with longitudinal progressive refractive elements distributed on the outer surface and lateral progressive refractive elements distributed on the inner surface Suppose.
- this design process consists of a pair of astigmatic eyeglass lenses whose power at a predetermined reference point is different on the left and right sides.
- the present invention can also be applied to a spectacle lens of another item group having a progressive refraction part in which refractive power changes progressively, such as a power lens.
- FIG. 12 shows a state in which a non-sighted wearer views a near object point through a spectacle lens having the following prescription power.
- the left and right eyeglass lenses are shown as a single lens having a common shape, but in actuality, the left and right eyeglass lenses have different shapes depending on the prescription power.
- the wearer places both near object points through points other than the near reference point N laid out on the lens (the power of the near portion is set and the addition power is 2.50D). You will see it visually.
- the right eye directs its line of sight toward the near object point through a point P U (a point where the addition power is less than 2.50D) above the near reference point N, and the left eye uses the near reference point.
- a line of sight is directed to a near object point through a point P D below the point N (a point where the addition power exceeds 2.50D or 2.50D).
- the addition effect that substantially acts on the left and right eyes varies depending on the deviation of the left and right gaze directions. Therefore, theoretically, different accommodation powers are required for the left and right eyes.
- the accommodation forces acting on the left and right eyes are always equal (Herring's law of equal innervation). Therefore, the wearer is forced to view the near object point in a state where the effect of joining which acts substantially on the left and right eyes is different and the eye is burdened.
- the addition effect that substantially acts on the eye is also expressed as “substantial addition degree”.
- the present inventor found that the difference in the left and right distance prescription powers and the closer the object distance, the larger the difference in the left and right substantial addition power.
- FIG. As an example of the difference in addition, the state of viewing near object points is shown. That is, the present inventor has found that the above problem occurs not only in the near field but also in a distance (for example, a far distance or an intermediate distance) that is further away from the near field.
- a distance for example, a far distance or an intermediate distance
- Eyeglass lenses are designed.
- the design process of the spectacle lens for astigmatism by the spectacle lens design computer 202 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- the spectacle lens design computer 202 defines a pseudo-prescription lens based on the prescription value of the wearer received from the store computer 100 via the host computer 200.
- the pseudo-prescription lens is a spectacle lens that is virtually defined for each of the left and right eyeglasses, and has a power component in the longitudinal direction of the distance portion of the prescription lens as a distance power (spherical power). It is.
- the pseudo-prescription lens is a spectacle lens having a progressive refraction part, and has different dioptric powers and the same addition power on the left and right.
- the prescription lens is defined by a well-known design method based on the prescription value, and detailed description thereof is omitted here. In this embodiment, the procedure for designing the right-eye lens and the left-eye lens in parallel will be described. However, in another embodiment, one lens is designed, and then the other lens is designed. It is good also as a procedure to be performed.
- Prescription frequency (left): S + 6.00 C-4.00 AX45 ADD2.50
- S + 2.00 is obtained as the longitudinal power component of the distance portion of the prescription lens (right)
- S + 4. 00 is obtained.
- Pseudo-prescription frequency (left): S + 4.00 ADD2.50 It becomes.
- the eyeglass lens design computer 202 defines a reference lens based on a pair of left and right pseudo prescription lenses in the processing step S1 (definition of pseudo prescription lenses) in FIG.
- the reference lens is a virtual eyeglass lens that is virtually defined corresponding to the physiologically equal adjustment power of the left and right eyes, and the distance power averages the distance power of the left and right pseudo-prescription lenses. Is set to the specified value. That is, the reference lens is a spectacle lens having a progressive refraction part, and has a common distance power and addition power on the left and right.
- the distance power of the reference lens is defined as the reference power.
- pseudo-prescription lenses Pseudo-prescription frequency (right): S + 2.00 ADD2.50
- the reference lens is Reference frequency (right): S + 3.00 ADD2.50
- FIG. 3A shows an example of a virtual optical model constructed by the spectacle lens design computer 202.
- the eyeball model E is shown at an angle when viewed from above (that is, the inner side of the figure is the nose side for both the left and right eyes.
- a subscript character R is attached to a code corresponding to the right eye
- a subscript L is attached to a code corresponding to the left eye.
- these subscripts are not attached
- the axial length of the eyeball differs between hyperopia and myopia. Therefore, the spectacle lens design computer 202 stores in advance how much the axial length differs depending on the degree of hyperopia and myopia. Among them, the eyeglass lens design computer 202 selects an appropriate eyeball model E according to the wearer's prescription values (spherical refractive power, astigmatic refractive power) included in the order data, as shown in FIG. Then, the selected eyeball model E is placed in the virtual model space. More specifically, the eyeball model E R and the eyeball model E L is the eyeball rotation center O ER and eyeball rotating center O EL is placed in a position away pupillary distance PD.
- the eyeball model E R and the eyeball model E L is the eyeball rotation center O ER and eyeball rotating center O EL is placed in a position away pupillary distance PD.
- the eyeglass lens design computer 202 has reference lens models L BR and L BL corresponding to the reference lens at positions where predetermined intercorneal vertex distances CVD R and CVD L are spaced from the eyeball models E R and E L. Place.
- Corneal vertex distance CVD is a distance between the rear vertex and corneal vertex of an eyeball model E of the reference lens model L B, for example, 12.5 mm.
- the center thickness of the reference lens model L B is determined based on the refractive index or the like of the prescription values and glass material.
- the reference lens model L B is the inclination of the spectacle lens (forward tilt, the frame tilt angle) may be placed in the virtual model space in consideration of.
- the tangent plane of the outer surface vertex of the reference lens model L B is defined as a tangent plane TP
- the intersection of the front view of the line of sight of the eyeball model E R and the tangent plane TP is defined as the reference point P TPR
- the reference points PTP are at the lens design center, and the design center is an intermediate point between a pair of hidden marks (described later).
- FIG. 3B schematically shows the layout of the spectacle lens designed in this design process.
- the spectacle lens according to the present embodiment is on the main line of sight LL ′, and the distance reference point F (the power of the distance portion is set above the lens design center). Point) and a near reference point N is arranged below the lens design center.
- the main gazing line LL ' is directed from the middle of the progressive zone toward the near reference point N and is inset to the nose side in consideration of eye convergence.
- the positions of the near reference point N and the far reference point F are specified based on a pair of hidden marks M that are directly engraved on the lens surface.
- the spectacle lens according to the present embodiment also has different positions on the lens surface of the near reference point N and the far reference point F.
- the eyeglass lens design computer 202 corresponds to a reference object plane including a plurality of object planes arranged at different object distances based on the reference lens model L B and having physiologically equal adjustment powers for the left and right eyes. Define the same for both left and right.
- FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing a common reference object plane defined in the virtual model space. As shown in FIG. 4B, the reference object plane is a continuous single plane that smoothly connects the object planes arranged on the respective object distances. In FIG. For convenience, only the discrete object surfaces used in the design of the spectacle lens are shown among the reference object surfaces. As illustrated in FIG.
- the object plane used in the design of the spectacle lens has an object distance corresponding to the near power (a target working distance in the near field (distance for near work)). , 400 mm here), corresponding to the object distance (500 mm,... 1000 mm,%) Corresponding to the power at the sample point on the main gazing line LL ′ in the progressive zone, and the distance power (reference power).
- Object surfaces arranged at each of the object distances are included. Incidentally, in FIG.
- a common frequency distribution is set on the left and right, and when the left and right prescription frequencies are different, the prescription powers are different from each other with respect to the set frequency distribution.
- the eyeglass lens was designed with the correction applied, and as a result of the correction, what distance (object distance) the wearer would finally look at was determined. For this reason, the object plane assumed in the design is different from left to right due to the difference in power between the left and right.
- the binocular vision is realized by capturing the same object on the left and right lines of sight.
- the left and right common reference object plane is based on the virtual reference lens model L B. Defined.
- the spectacle lens design computer 202 performs an optical calculation process using ray tracing or the like so that a principal ray (dashed line) from an arbitrary point P on the object plane is obtained.
- the positions (reference side principal ray passing positions P LBR and P LBL ) on the left and right reference lens models L BR and L BL (here, on the lens outer surface) that pass through are calculated.
- the principal ray is defined as light rays toward the eyeball rotation center O E from any point P on the reference object surface.
- Eyeglass lens design computer 202 such that the reference lens model L reference side principal ray passing position P LB on the outer surface throughout the B is arranged, the reference-side principal ray passage position corresponding to any of the points P of the object plane Calculate P LB.
- each arbitrary point P on each object plane used in the calculation in this processing step S5 is referred to as a principal ray start point P.
- the lens design is performed assuming that the curvature distribution (curvature distribution corresponding to the transmittance number distribution) exists only on the outer surface of each lens model.
- the spectacle lens design computer 202 defines a reference spherical surface SR as an evaluation surface for evaluating a target transmittance number.
- Reference sphere SR is centered on the eyeball rotation center O E of the eye model E, is a spherical surface with a radius the distance from the eyeball rotation center O E to the rear apex of the reference lens model L B.
- Eyeglass lens design computer 202 for light passing through the near reference point N of the reference lens model L B, to calculate the transmission power of the reference spherical surface SR.
- Transmission power which is calculated here is near power at the reference lens model L B
- power obtained by subtracting the distance power from the near dioptric power is defined as the reference diopter ADD S.
- the standard add power ADD S is a target power (ADD2.. 50).
- the eyeglass lens design computer 202 uses the virtual optical model constructed in the process step S3 (virtual optical model construction) in FIG. 2 as the spectacle lens (pseudo-prescription lens (right): S + 2.00 ADD2.50). , Pseudo-prescription lens (left): S + 4.00 ADD2.50) is assumed, and the virtual optical model is changed to another virtual optical model including an eyeball and a spectacle lens.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of the virtual optical model after being changed by the spectacle lens design computer 202.
- the eyeglass lens design computer 202 arranges pseudo prescription lens models L PR and L PL corresponding to pseudo prescription lenses (right and left) for each of the eyeball models E R and E R. To do.
- a spectacle lens design computer 202 a ⁇ side lens model L PR, located on the outer surface vertex reference point P TPR and placed in contact with the tangent plane TP at the outer surface vertex
- ⁇ side lens model the L PL located on the outer surface vertex reference point P TPL and arranged in contact with the tangent plane TP at the outer surface vertex.
- Even center thickness of ⁇ side lens model L P is determined based on the refractive index or the like of the prescription values and glass material.
- the slope (forward tilt, the frame tilt angle) of the reference lens model L B is a spectacle lens when placed in the virtual model space in mind, ⁇ side lens model L P are also arranged in consideration of the same conditions
- a spectacle lens design computer 202 by performing optical calculations processing using ray tracing, etc., the calculation of the principal ray passing position on the processing steps S5 (reference lens model L B in FIG.
- the distance between the reference point P TP and the reference-side principal ray passing position P LB is defined as a reference side distance D LB
- the reference point P TP and prescription side principal ray passing position P LP Is defined as the prescription-side distance D Lp
- Side distance D LB is calculated.
- the prescription power (S + 4.00) is on the positive side of the reference power (S + 3.00), and therefore, the prescription side principal ray passing position P LPL on the main gazing line LL ′.
- the reference chief ray passing position P LBL is closer to the reference point P TPL (see FIG. 7A).
- the correction ratio R L increases as the prescription side distance D LPL increases (the prescription side principal ray passing position P LPL moves away from the reference point P TPL to the near reference point N. close enough), increases in accordance with the difference between the prismatic effect of the ⁇ side lens model L PL and the reference lens model L BL.
- Eyeglass lens design computer 202 is obtained by extracting only curvature distribution for adding progressive elements of the curvature distribution (lens overall curvature distribution resulting in progressive action expected by the reference lens model L B, or less, the referred to as "progressive distribution”.) by scaling operation based on the correction ratio R corresponding to the respective principal rays starting point P, and corrects the curvature distribution of ⁇ side lens model L P.
- the change in diopter is constant in progressive zone
- the curvature at each formulation side principal ray passing position P LPR disposed on the main fixation line LL 'in FIG. 7 (b) consider the case of correcting, based on the correction ratio R R shown.
- the curvature of the subscriber effect partial in the reference-side principal ray passing position P LBR is rearranged in the formulation side principal ray passing position P LPR in accordance with the correction ratio R R. Since the correction ratio R R is different for each position, the change in diopter in the progressive band of the corrected will join change differently in the progressive band of the reference lens model L BR in accordance with the correction ratio R R (e.g.
- the change in diopter is constant in progressive zone, the curvature in the main fixation line LL 'each formulation side principal ray passing position P LPL disposed on Figure 7 (c)
- the curvature related to the progressive refraction action at the position P LPL on the pseudo-prescription lens model L PL is the reference lens model L Manipulated to match the curvature associated with progressive refraction at position PLBL on BL .
- the curvature of the addition effect at the reference side principal ray passage position P LBL is rearranged at the prescription side principal ray passage position P LPL corresponding to the correction ratio R L. Since the correction ratio R L differs depending on each position, the change in the addition in the progressive band after correction becomes different from the addition change in the progressive band of the reference lens model L BL according to the correction ratio R L (for example, the reference point). The closer to the near reference point N from PTPL, the lower the rate of change in addition.) In the prescription lens model L PL having a prescription power on the plus side with respect to the reference power, the entire progressive distribution follows the correction ratio R L and becomes a shape expanded with respect to the progressive distribution of the reference lens model L BL. Becomes longer, and the progressive zone becomes wider.
- FIG. 8 (a) is illustrates a transmission frequency distribution on the reference spherical surface SR of the reference lens model L B.
- the transmission power distribution shown here is an astigmatism distribution and an average power distribution, and can be regarded as equivalent to a curvature distribution.
- FIG. 8 (c) transmitting on the reference spherical surface SR of ⁇ side lens model L PL A frequency distribution is illustrated.
- Transmission frequency distribution of ⁇ side lens model L PR illustrated in FIG. 8 (b) is reduction operation in accordance with the correction ratio R R in each formulation side principal ray passing position P LPR is subjected Yes. That is, the contour and the average dioptric power distribution of the astigmatism distribution shape of the contour lines is reduced in accordance with the correction ratio R R, in principle, the reference point of the formulation side principal ray passing position P LPR as contour lines away from the P TPR The shape is further reduced.
- transmission frequency distribution (other words the curvature distribution) of ⁇ side lens model L PL illustrated in FIG. 8 (c), expansion operation facilities in accordance with the correction ratio R L at each formulation side principal ray passing position P LPL Has been. That is, the shape of the contour line of the astigmatism distribution and the contour line of the average power distribution are enlarged according to the correction ratio R L , and in principle, the contour side of the prescription side principal ray passing position P LPL farther from the reference point P TPL The shape is further expanded.
- Eyeglass lens design computer 202 the curvature distribution of the corrected ⁇ side lens model L P at a processing step S10 FIG. 2 (correction of the curvature distribution based on the correction ratio), the structure of the spectacle lens (inner surface aspherical type, outer surface aspherical type, double-sided progressive type, is distributed to the outer surface and the inner surface of ⁇ side lens model L P in accordance with the double-sided complex type, etc.).
- Eyeglass lens design computer 202 reconstructs the prescription lens model L P using ⁇ side lens model L P which shape is definite at (distribution of curvature distribution to each side) of the processing step S11 FIG.
- the prescription lens can be defined as a combination of the pseudo prescription lens and the remaining lens component. Therefore, the prescription lens is synthesized by combining the pseudo-prescription lens after correction of the curvature distribution (pseudo-prescription lens model L P, whose shape is determined in the processing step S11 (distribution of the curvature distribution to each surface) in FIG. 2) with the remaining lens components.
- the by reconstructing, prescription lens model L P after curvature distribution correction (enlargement operation or reduction operation curvature distribution) is obtained.
- the curvature distribution is isotropically enlarged or reduced without depending on the astigmatic axis direction, optical continuity and continuity of the surface shape are ensured even after correction of the curvature distribution.
- simply by expanding or contracting the curvature distribution isotropically it is not possible to suppress the difference in addition effect that substantially acts on the left and right eyes of the wearer. There is a possibility that the burden on the eyes cannot be reduced.
- the wearer moves the line of sight mainly in the direction in which the progressive refraction part extends (the main gazing direction, which is a substantially longitudinal direction of the lens). Therefore, in the present embodiment, the left and right pseudo prescription lenses having the longitudinal power component of the distance portion of the prescription lens (before the curvature distribution correction) as the distance power (spherical power) are defined, and the left and right pseudo prescriptions are defined.
- the right and left correction ratios R are calculated based on the lens and the left and right reference lens.
- the magnification factor or the reduction factor for the curvature distribution is determined based on the power component in the distance direction, which is the power component in the same vertical direction as the direction in which the progressive refraction part extends.
- the prescription lens model L P after reconstitution approaches the line-of-sight passing point PD of the left eye. That is, in the example of FIG. 12, the difference in the addition effect that substantially acts on the left and right eyes of the wearer viewing the near object point is reduced. The burden is reduced.
- the problem shown in FIG. 12 (problem that places a burden on the wearer's eyes due to the difference between the right and left substantial addition powers) occurs, not as much as when viewing near. This is as described above.
- the intermediate distance is viewed through an appropriate enlargement / reduction operation of the curvature distribution (progressive distribution) as grasped from the correction ratio R shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C.
- the difference between the left and right real additions that occurred when the image is generated is preferably reduced.
- Eyeglass lens design computer 202 to a prescription lens model L P reconstituted in processing step S12 FIG. 2 (reconstruction prescription lens), wearing conditions (e.g. corneal vertex distance, the forward inclination, the frame tilt angle Etc.) is calculated and added.
- wearing conditions e.g. corneal vertex distance, the forward inclination, the frame tilt angle Etc.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B respectively show the addition power (unit: D) before and after performing aspherical correction considering the wearing state, and the position (unit) on the progressive zone (on the main gazing line LL ′). : Mm).
- the solid line indicates the addition of the spectacle lens of the present embodiment
- the broken line indicates the addition of the conventional spectacle lens.
- the conventional example refers to a lens that does not introduce the technical idea of enlarging or reducing the transmission power distribution in accordance with the difference between the left and right distance powers or the difference in substantial addition power. For this reason, in the conventional spectacle lens, as shown in FIG. 9A, the addition curves coincide with each other at least before the aspherical correction is performed.
- the spectacle lens of the present embodiment has a curvature distribution correction by the processing step S10 (correction of curvature distribution based on the correction ratio) in FIG.
- the addition curve is different on the left and right.
- the conventional eyeglass lenses after performing the aspherical correction considering the wearing state, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), the conventional eyeglass lenses also have different addition curves on the left and right.
- a lens with a distance power of zero such as an upper flat lens
- aspherical correction considering the wearing state is substantially unnecessary.
- a change in shape due to aspheric correction considering the wearing state is slight.
- the left and right addition power curves are maintained substantially the same even after the aspherical correction is performed for items whose total power of the left and right distance dioptric powers is weak in the item group.
- the curvature distribution correction is performed by the processing step S10 of FIG. 2 (correction of the curvature distribution based on the correction ratio)
- the item is independent of the total power of the left and right distance powers.
- the addition curve is different on the left and right for all items included in the group (all items suitable for each prescription).
- Eyeglass lens design computer 202 for light passing through the near reference point N of the prescription lens model aspherical correction is added by L P (aspherical correction considering the wearing condition) Processing step S13 in FIG. 2 Then, the actual addition ADD in actual calculation is obtained by calculating the transmission power (near power) on the reference spherical surface SR. Specifically, the prescription lens model L PR, by subtracting the transmission power of the reference spherical surface SR to (near power) was calculated, distance power from the calculated near power was (S + 2.00), substantially subscribing get a degree ADD R.
- the transmission power (near power) on the reference spherical surface SR is calculated, and by subtracting the distance power (S + 4.00) from the calculated near power, the real addition power ADD L Get.
- the real addition degrees ADD R and ADD L are values approximate to the target addition degree (ADD 2.50) as a result of performing the curvature distribution correction by the processing step S10 (correction of the curvature distribution based on the correction ratio) in FIG. Has been corrected. Therefore, as described above, the difference in the joining effect that substantially acts on the left and right eyes of the wearer has already been reduced, and the burden on the wearer's eyes due to the difference in the left and right substantial addition power can be reduced. is there.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the relationship between the difference between the left and right real additions (unit: D) and the object side angle of view ⁇ (unit: °) along the main gazing line LL ′ (vertical direction). Note that the object-side angle of view ⁇ along the main gazing line LL ′ is based on the horizontal axis when viewed from the front, as shown in FIG.
- the solid line indicates the difference between the left and right substantial additions in the present embodiment
- the broken line indicates the difference between the left and right substantial additions in Patent Document 1
- the dotted line indicates the left and right substantial additions in the conventional example. Indicates the difference.
- FIG. 9 the conventional example in FIG.
- FIG. 11 also indicates a lens that does not introduce the technical idea of enlarging or reducing the transmission power distribution according to the difference between the left and right distance powers or the difference in substantial addition power.
- the difference between the left and right real additions increases.
- patent document 1 the difference of the right and left substantial addition is suppressed satisfactorily over the entire progressive zone.
- the difference of the right and left substantial addition is substantially zero over the whole progressive zone, and is suppressed more favorably. That is, according to the spectacle lens for astigmatism designed and manufactured by this design process, it is possible to guarantee good binocular vision at each object distance while ensuring optical continuity and continuity of the surface shape. Become.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施形態の眼鏡レンズ製造システム1の構成を示すブロック図である。図1に示されるように、眼鏡レンズ製造システム1は、顧客(装用者)に対する処方に応じた眼鏡レンズを発注する眼鏡店10と、眼鏡店10からの発注を受けて眼鏡レンズを製造する眼鏡レンズ製造工場20を有している。眼鏡レンズ製造工場20への発注は、インターネット等の所定のネットワークやFAX等によるデータ送信を通じて行われる。発注者には眼科医や一般消費者を含めてもよい。
眼鏡店10には、店頭コンピュータ100が設置されている。店頭コンピュータ100は、例えば一般的なPC(Personal Computer)であり、眼鏡レンズ製造工場20への眼鏡レンズの発注を行うためのソフトウェアがインストールされている。店頭コンピュータ100には、眼鏡店スタッフによるマウスやキーボード等の操作を通じてレンズデータ及びフレームデータが入力される。レンズデータには、例えば処方値(ベースカーブ、球面屈折力、乱視屈折力、乱視軸方向、プリズム屈折力、プリズム基底方向、加入度数、瞳孔間距離(PD:Pupillary Distance)等)、眼鏡レンズの装用条件(角膜頂点間距離、前傾角、フレームあおり角)、眼鏡レンズの種類(単焦点球面、単焦点非球面、多焦点(二重焦点、累進)、コーティング(染色加工、ハードコート、反射防止膜、紫外線カット等))、顧客の要望に応じたレイアウトデータ等が含まれる。フレームデータには、顧客が選択したフレームの形状データが含まれる。フレームデータは、例えばバーコードタグで管理されており、バーコードリーダによるフレームに貼り付けられたバーコードタグの読み取りを通じて入手することができる。店頭コンピュータ100は、発注データ(レンズデータ及びフレームデータ)を例えばインターネット経由で眼鏡レンズ製造工場20に送信する。
眼鏡レンズ製造工場20には、ホストコンピュータ200を中心としたLAN(Local Area Network)が構築されており、眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202や眼鏡レンズ加工用コンピュータ204をはじめ多数の端末装置が接続されている。眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202、眼鏡レンズ加工用コンピュータ204は一般的なPCであり、それぞれ、眼鏡レンズ設計用のプログラム、眼鏡レンズ加工用のプログラムがインストールされている。ホストコンピュータ200には、店頭コンピュータ100からインターネット経由で送信された発注データが入力される。ホストコンピュータ200は、入力された発注データを眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202に送信する。
図2は、眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202による眼鏡レンズの設計工程を示すフローチャートである。以下の説明では、不同視の装用者に処方すべき、遠用度数が左右で異なる一対の乱視用眼鏡レンズであり、累進屈折要素を内面若しくは外面に持つ片面累進型、又は累進屈折要素を外面と内面の両面に配分した両面累進型、又は縦方向の累進屈折要素を外面に配分し、横方向の累進屈折要素を内面に配分した両面複合累進型の、遠近両用の各種眼鏡レンズの設計を想定する。しかし、本設計工程は、所定の基準点における度数が左右で異なる一対の乱視用眼鏡レンズであり、片面累進型、両面累進型又は両面複合累進型の中近両用累進屈折力レンズや近々累進屈折力レンズなど、屈折力が累進的に変化する累進屈折部を有する他のアイテム群の眼鏡レンズにも適用することができる。
処方度数(右):S+2.00 ADD2.50
処方度数(左):S+4.00 ADD2.50
なお、図12では、便宜上、左右の眼鏡レンズを1枚の共通形状のレンズにて示すが、実際には、左右の眼鏡レンズは処方度数に応じて形状が異なる。
眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、ホストコンピュータ200を介して店頭コンピュータ100より受信した装用者の処方値に基づいて擬処方レンズを定義する。擬処方レンズは、左右夫々について仮想的に定義される眼鏡レンズであり、処方レンズの遠用部の縦方向の度数成分を遠用度数(球面度数)として持つ、乱視成分が排除された眼鏡レンズである。すなわち、擬処方レンズは累進屈折部を持つ眼鏡レンズであり、左右で異なる遠用度数及び同一の加入度数を有するものである。なお、処方レンズは、処方値に基づいて周知の設計方法により定義されるものであり、ここでの詳細な説明は省略する。また、本実施形態では、右眼用レンズと左眼用レンズとが並行して設計される手順で説明するが、別の実施形態では、一方のレンズが設計され、その後、他方のレンズが設計される手順としてもよい。
処方度数(右):S+3.00 C-2.00 AX45 ADD2.50
処方度数(左):S+6.00 C-4.00 AX45 ADD2.50
の場合を考える。この場合、下記のオイラーの公式により、処方レンズ(右)の遠用部の縦方向の度数成分としてS+2.00が求まり、処方レンズ(左)の遠用部の縦方向の度数成分としてS+4.00が求まる。これにより、擬処方レンズは、
擬処方度数(右):S+2.00 ADD2.50
擬処方度数(左):S+4.00 ADD2.50
となる。
(オイラーの公式)
Dθ=Db・Cos2θ+Dc・Sin2θ
Db:ベースカーブ
Dc:クロスカーブ
θ:乱視軸方向(ベース方向)からの任意の偏角
Dθ:θでのカーブ
眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、図2の処理ステップS1(擬処方レンズの定義)による左右一対の擬処方レンズに基づいて基準レンズを定義する。基準レンズは、生理的に左右眼の調節力が等しくなることに対応して、仮想的に定義される左右共通の眼鏡レンズであり、遠用度数が左右の擬処方レンズの遠用度数を平均した値に設定される。すなわち、基準レンズは累進屈折部を持つ眼鏡レンズであり、左右で共通の遠用度数及び加入度数を有するものである。以下、基準レンズの遠用度数を基準度数と定義する。擬処方レンズが例えば、
擬処方度数(右):S+2.00 ADD2.50
擬処方度数(左):S+4.00 ADD2.50
の場合を考える。この場合、基準レンズは、
基準度数(右):S+3.00 ADD2.50
基準度数(左):S+3.00 ADD2.50
となる。
眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、装用者が眼鏡レンズ(基準レンズ:S+3.00 ADD2.50)を装用した状態を想定した、眼球及び眼鏡レンズからなる所定の仮想光学モデルを構築する。図3(a)は、眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202によって構築される仮想光学モデル例を示す。なお、図3(a)に例示されるように、仮想光学モデルを示す各図においては、眼球モデルEを頭上から眺める角度で示す(すなわち、左右眼共に、図の内側が鼻側となり、図の外側が耳側となる。)。また、以降の説明において、右眼に対応する符号には下付き文字Rを付し、左眼に対応する符号には下付き文字Lを付す。また、左右両方の眼に対応する説明には、これらの下付き文字を付さない。
眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、異なる物体距離上に配置される複数の物体面を含む基準物体面を、基準レンズモデルLBに基づき、生理的に左右眼の調節力が等しくなることに対応して左右共通に定義する。図4(a)及び図4(b)は、仮想モデル空間に定義される左右共通の基準物体面を示す図である。基準物体面は、図4(b)に示されるように、各物体距離上に配置される物体面を滑らかにつなぐ連続的な単一の面であるが、図4(a)では、説明の便宜上、基準物体面のうち、眼鏡レンズの設計上使用される離散的な物体面のみ示す。眼鏡レンズの設計上使用される物体面には、図4(a)に例示されるように、近用度数に対応する物体距離(目的とする近方の作業距離(近業目的距離)であり、ここでは400mm)、累進帯内の主注視線LL’上のサンプル点での度数に対応する物体距離(500mm、・・・1000mm、・・・)、遠用度数(基準度数)に対応する物体距離(5000mmなど無限遠とみなせる距離)の夫々に配置される物体面が含まれる。なお、図4(a)においては、眼球回旋中心OERと眼球回旋中心OELとを結ぶ線分に対して各度数に対応する物体距離だけ離れた位置に物体面を定義したが、別の実施形態では、眼球回旋中心OERと眼球回旋中心OELとの中点を中心とした、各度数に対応する物体距離を半径とする眼前半球面の位置に物体面を定義してもよい。
図4(a)に示されるように、眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、光線追跡等を用いた光学計算処理を行うことにより、物体面上の任意の点Pからの主光線(一点鎖線)が通過する、左右の各基準レンズモデルLBR、LBL上(ここではレンズ外面上)の位置(基準側主光線通過位置PLBR、PLBL)を計算する。ここで主光線は、基準物体面上の任意の点Pから眼球回旋中心OEに向かう光線として定義される。眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、基準レンズモデルLBの外面全域に基準側主光線通過位置PLBが配置されるように、各物体面の任意の各点Pに対応する基準側主光線通過位置PLBを計算する。以下、説明の便宜上、本処理ステップS5にて計算に用いた各物体面の任意の各点Pを、主光線始点Pと記す。また、本工程以降の工程では、便宜上、原則、各種レンズモデルの外面にのみ曲率分布(透過度数分布に対応する曲率分布)が存在するものとしてレンズ設計が行われるものとする。
眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、図5に示されるように、目標とする透過度数を評価するための評価面として参照球面SRを定義する。参照球面SRは、眼球モデルEの眼球回旋中心OEを中心とし、眼球回旋中心OEから基準レンズモデルLBの後方頂点までの距離を半径とした球面である。眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、基準レンズモデルLBの近用基準点Nを通過する光線について、参照球面SR上の透過度数を計算する。ここで計算される透過度数は基準レンズモデルLBにおける近用度数であり、近用度数から遠用度数を差し引いた度数が基準加入度ADDSと定義される。参照球面SR上における近用度数と遠用度数との差が処方された加入度になることを想定して設計されたレンズにおいては、基準加入度ADDSは左右共通の目標の度数(ADD2.50)となる。
眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、図2の処理ステップS3(仮想光学モデルの構築)にて構築された仮想光学モデルを、装用者が眼鏡レンズ(擬処方レンズ(右):S+2.00 ADD2.50、擬処方レンズ(左):S+4.00 ADD2.50)を装用した状態を想定した、眼球及び眼鏡レンズからなる別の仮想光学モデルに変更する。図6は、眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202による変更後の仮想光学モデル例を示す。図6に示されるように、眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、眼球モデルER、ERの夫々に対して擬処方レンズ(右、左)に対応する擬処方レンズモデルLPR、LPLを配置する。
図6に示されるように、眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、光線追跡等を用いた光学計算処理を行うことにより、図2の処理ステップS5(基準レンズモデルLB上の主光線通過位置の計算)で用いた各主光線始点P(すなわち、生理的に左右眼の調節力が等しくなることに対応して左右共通に定義された物体面上の任意の点P)からの主光線(実線)が通過する、左右の各擬処方レンズモデルLPR、LPL上(ここではレンズ外面上)の位置(処方側主光線通過位置PLPR、PLPL)を計算する。これにより、擬処方レンズモデルLPの外面全域に処方側主光線通過位置PLPが配置される。
図7(a)に示されるように、基準点PTPと基準側主光線通過位置PLBとの距離を基準側距離DLBと定義し、基準点PTPと処方側主光線通過位置PLPとの距離を処方側距離DLpと定義する。この場合、眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、各主光線始点Pに対応する補正比率R(=ある主光線始点Pに対応する処方側距離DLp/これと同一の主光線始点Pに対応する基準側距離DLB)を計算する。図7(b)は、基準点PTPRと近用基準点Nとの間の主注視線LL’上の処方側距離DLpR(単位:mm)と、右眼側の補正比率RR(=処方側距離DLpR/基準側距離DLBR)との関係を示す。また、図7(c)は、基準点PTPLと近用基準点Nとの間の主注視線LL’上の処方側距離DLpL(単位:mm)と、左眼側の補正比率RL(=処方側距離DLpL/基準側距離DLBL)との関係を示す。
眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、基準レンズモデルLBで想定される累進屈折作用をもたらす曲率分布(レンズ全体の曲率分布のうち累進屈折要素を付加する曲率分布のみを抽出したものであり、以下、「累進分布」と記す。)を、各主光線始点Pに対応する補正比率Rに基づいて拡大縮小操作することにより、擬処方レンズモデルLPの曲率分布を補正する。具体的には、次式に示されるように、基準となる累進分布(基準レンズモデルLBの累進分布)を対応する補正比率Rに応じて拡大又は縮小させることにより補正し、補正された基準レンズモデルLBの累進分布を擬処方レンズモデルLPの累進分布として適用する。
擬処方レンズの累進分布の曲率K(x,y)=基準レンズの累進分布の曲率K(x/Rx,y/Ry)
ここで、x,yは、処方側主光線通過位置PLPの座標を示し、Rx、Ryはx方向及びy方向の補正比率Rを示す。
眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、図2の処理ステップS10(補正比率に基づく曲率分布の補正)にて補正された擬処方レンズモデルLPの曲率分布を、眼鏡レンズの構造(内面非球面型、外面非球面型、両面累進型、両面複合型等)に応じて擬処方レンズモデルLPの外面と内面に配分する。
眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、図2の処理ステップS11(各面への曲率分布の配分)にて形状が定まった擬処方レンズモデルLPを用いて処方レンズモデルLPを再構成する。一例として、処方レンズから擬処方レンズを差し引いた成分を残存レンズ成分と定義すると、処方レンズは、擬処方レンズと残存レンズ成分とを合成したものと定義することができる。そのため、曲率分布補正後の擬処方レンズ(図2の処理ステップS11(各面への曲率分布の配分)にて形状が定まった擬処方レンズモデルLP)を残存レンズ成分と合成して処方レンズを再構成することにより、曲率分布補正(曲率分布の拡大操作又は縮小操作)後の処方レンズモデルLPが得られる。
眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、図2の処理ステップS12(処方レンズの再構成)にて再構成された処方レンズモデルLPに対し、装用条件(例えば角膜頂点間距離、前傾角、フレームあおり角等)に応じた非球面補正量を計算して付加する。
眼鏡レンズ設計用コンピュータ202は、図2の処理ステップS13(装用状態を考慮した非球面補正)にて非球面補正量が付加された処方レンズモデルLPの近用基準点Nを通過する光線について、参照球面SR上の透過度数(近用度数)を計算することにより、実計算上の実質加入度ADDを得る。具体的には、処方レンズモデルLPRについて、参照球面SR上の透過度数(近用度数)を計算し、計算された近用度数から遠用度数(S+2.00)を差し引くことにより、実質加入度ADDRを得る。また、処方レンズモデルLPLについて、参照球面SR上の透過度数(近用度数)を計算し、計算された近用度数から遠用度数(S+4.00)を差し引くことにより、実質加入度ADDLを得る。実質加入度ADDR及びADDLは、図2の処理ステップS10(補正比率に基づく曲率分布の補正)による曲率分布補正を実施した結果、目標とする加入度数(ADD2.50)に近似する値にまで補正されている。そのため、上述したように、装用者の左右の眼に実質的に作用する加入効果の差が既に軽減されており、左右の実質加入度の差による装用者の眼に対する負担が軽減可能な状態にある。本工程では、左右の実質加入度の差を更に軽減すべく、処方レンズモデルLPの曲率分布を補正することにより、図10に示されるように、実質加入度ADDR及びADDLを基準加入度ADDSへ合わせ込む(一致させる)。これにより、近方物点を視るときの実質加入度の差がほぼゼロとなる。
Claims (7)
- 第一の屈折力を有する第一屈折部、該第一の屈折力よりも強い第二の屈折力を有する第二屈折部、及び該第一屈折部から該第二屈折部に至る略縦方向沿いに屈折力が累進的に変化する累進屈折部を有する、該第一の屈折力が左右で異なる一対の乱視用眼鏡レンズを製造する装置であって、
左右夫々について、所定の処方情報に基づく処方レンズの第一屈折部の縦方向の度数成分を計算し、計算された度数成分を第一屈折部の球面度数として持つ擬処方レンズを定義する擬処方レンズ定義手段と、
左右一対の前記擬処方レンズに基づいて左右共通の基準レンズを定義する基準レンズ定義手段と、
異なる物体距離上に配置される複数の物体面を含む基準物体面を、前記基準レンズに基づき、生理的に左右眼の調節力が等しくなることに対応して左右共通に定義する物体面定義手段と、
前記複数の物体面上の各点からの主光線が通過する、左右の各基準レンズ上の主光線通過位置、及び左右夫々の前記擬処方レンズ上の主光線通過位置を計算する通過位置計算手段と、
正面視の視線と前記基準レンズとの交点と、該基準レンズ上の主光線通過位置との距離を第一の距離と定義し、正面視の視線と前記擬処方レンズとの交点と、該擬処方レンズ上の主光線通過位置との距離を第二の距離と定義した場合に、左右夫々について、前記複数の物体面上の各点に対応する、該第一の距離と該第二の距離との比率を計算する比率計算手段と、
左右夫々について、前記複数の物体面上の各点に対応する擬処方レンズの主光線通過位置における曲率を前記比率に基づいて補正することにより、該擬処方レンズの曲率分布を補正する曲率分布補正手段と、
左右夫々について、前記補正後の擬処方レンズの曲率分布に基づいて前記処方レンズの曲率分布を補正する処方レンズ補正手段と、
を備える、
乱視用眼鏡レンズの製造装置。 - 前記複数の物体面上の各点に対応する前記比率は、
前記擬処方レンズにおける第一の屈折力が前記基準レンズにおける第一の屈折力よりもマイナス側の場合、1よりも小さい値となり、かつ均一ではない、
請求項1に記載の乱視用眼鏡レンズの製造装置。 - 前記複数の物体面上の各点に対応する前記比率は、
前記擬処方レンズにおける第一の屈折力が前記基準レンズにおける第一の屈折力よりもプラス側の場合、1よりも大きい値となり、かつ均一ではない、
請求項1又は請求項2に記載の乱視用眼鏡レンズの製造装置。 - 前記基準レンズにおける前記第二の屈折部での加入度を計算する第一の加入度計算手段と、
前記処方レンズ補正手段による前記曲率分布補正後の左右の処方レンズの夫々における前記第二の屈折部での加入度を計算する第二の加入度計算手段と、
前記第二の加入度計算手段で計算された加入度を前記第一の加入度計算手段で計算された加入度と一致させるように、前記曲率分布補正後の左右の処方レンズの曲率分布の夫々を更に補正する加入度補正手段と、
を備える、
請求項1から請求項3の何れか一項に記載の乱視用眼鏡レンズの製造装置。 - 前記基準レンズは、
前記処方情報に基づいて決定される左右共通の遠用度数及び加入度数を有しており、
前記遠用度数は、
前記左右一対の擬処方レンズの第一屈折部の球面度数を平均した度数である
請求項1から請求項4の何れか一項に記載の乱視用眼鏡レンズの製造装置。 - 前記基準物体面は、
前記基準レンズにおける前記第一屈折部から前記第二屈折部までの各度数に対応する物体距離上に配置される複数の物体面を含む面である、
請求項1から請求項5の何れか一項に記載の乱視用眼鏡レンズの製造装置。 - 第一の屈折力を有する第一屈折部、該第一の屈折力よりも強い第二の屈折力を有する第二屈折部、及び該第一屈折部から該第二屈折部に至る略縦方向沿いに屈折力が累進的に変化する累進屈折部を有する、該第一の屈折力が左右で異なる一対の乱視用眼鏡レンズを製造する方法であって、
左右夫々について、所定の処方情報に基づく処方レンズの第一屈折部の縦方向の度数成分を計算し、計算された度数成分を第一屈折部の球面度数として持つ擬処方レンズを定義する擬処方レンズ定義工程と、
左右一対の前記擬処方レンズに基づいて左右共通の基準レンズを定義する基準レンズ定義工程と、
異なる物体距離上に配置される複数の物体面を含む基準物体面を、前記基準レンズに基づき、生理的に左右眼の調節力が等しくなることに対応して左右共通に定義する物体面定義工程と、
前記複数の物体面上の各点からの主光線が通過する、左右の各基準レンズ上の主光線通過位置、及び左右夫々の前記擬処方レンズ上の主光線通過位置を計算する通過位置計算工程と、
正面視の視線と前記基準レンズとの交点と、該基準レンズ上の主光線通過位置との距離を第一の距離と定義し、正面視の視線と前記擬処方レンズとの交点と、該擬処方レンズ上の主光線通過位置との距離を第二の距離と定義した場合に、左右夫々について、前記複数の物体面上の各点に対応する、該第一の距離と該第二の距離との比率を計算する比率計算工程と、
左右夫々について、前記複数の物体面上の各点に対応する擬処方レンズの主光線通過位置における曲率を前記比率に基づいて補正することにより、該擬処方レンズの曲率分布を補正する曲率分布補正工程と、
左右夫々について、前記補正後の擬処方レンズの曲率分布に基づいて前記処方レンズの曲率分布を補正する処方レンズ補正工程と、
を含む、
乱視用眼鏡レンズの製造方法。
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