WO2014094343A1 - 一种导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014094343A1
WO2014094343A1 PCT/CN2013/000308 CN2013000308W WO2014094343A1 WO 2014094343 A1 WO2014094343 A1 WO 2014094343A1 CN 2013000308 W CN2013000308 W CN 2013000308W WO 2014094343 A1 WO2014094343 A1 WO 2014094343A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
board
panel
foam
flow
panels
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/000308
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
康宝华
邵峰
梁国成
赵连方
Original Assignee
沈阳瑞福工业住宅有限公司
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Application filed by 沈阳瑞福工业住宅有限公司 filed Critical 沈阳瑞福工业住宅有限公司
Priority to AU2013362686A priority Critical patent/AU2013362686B2/en
Publication of WO2014094343A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014094343A1/zh
Priority to PH12015501016A priority patent/PH12015501016A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
    • B32B37/18—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only
    • B32B37/182—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of discrete sheets or panels only one or more of the layers being plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/32—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed at least two layers being foamed and next to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
    • B32B2305/022—Foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
    • B32B2307/102—Insulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/08—Dimensions, e.g. volume
    • B32B2309/10—Dimensions, e.g. volume linear, e.g. length, distance, width
    • B32B2309/105—Thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of structural wall panel structure design and application technology, and particularly provides a flow guiding foam structure and a composite wall for prefabricated parts. Plate and preparation method thereof.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing wall panel of the prior art can not meet the requirements of better heat insulation, sound insulation, light weight, high strength, etc., and specifically provides a composite wall panel of foaming and prefabricated parts. And a preparation method thereof; the wall panel has a simple structure and a relatively simple manufacturing process.
  • the invention discloses a flow guiding foaming structure and a composite composite wallboard, which are composed of a foaming structure 2, a preform 3, a flow guiding frame 4 and a panel 1; wherein: the guiding frame 4 is a plate-like structure, The plate surface is arranged perpendicular to the panel 1; the entire flow guiding foam structure and The composite composite wall panel is divided into a plurality of unit blocks by a flow guiding frame 4; each unit block is specifically a foamed structure 2 or a preform 3; the flow guiding frame 4 is located between the foamed structure 2 and the preform 3 or/and the entire guide The outer edge of the flow foaming structure and the composite composite wallboard; the panel 1 is two pieces.
  • the maximum dimension of the preform 3 in the total cross-sectional area is 75% in the cross section of the plane of the entire flow-through foaming structure and the surface of the composite composite wallboard; to ensure the comprehensive performance index of thermal insulation and sound insulation. Meet the relevant building construction standards; In addition, it should be emphasized that: When the cross-sectional area of the preform is more than 75%, the foamed bonding area will be lower than 25% of the total cross-sectional area of the panel, which will result in foam bonding.
  • the prefabricated part 3 is specifically a sound-insulating and heat-insulating plate-shaped material containing air, and has a thickness of 50 mm to 100 mm and a bulk density of 30 kg/m 3 to 150 kg/m 3 .
  • the flow guiding foam structure and the composite composite wall panel of the present invention also include the following content requirements:
  • the material of the prefabricated part 3 is one of the following: rock wool board, centrifugal glass wool board, perlite board, aluminum silicate cotton board, foamed cement board;
  • the material of the preform 3 is a rock wool board
  • its thickness is 50mn! ⁇ 100mm
  • bulk density 40kg / m 3 ⁇ 80kg / m 3 .
  • the structural shape of the foamed structure 2 satisfies one of the following requirements or a combination of some combination in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction: a "day” type structure, a “mesh” type structure, a “field” type structure, Difficult” font structure, triangular structure; that is: the foamed and prefabricated composite wallboard can be any combination of unitized structures, the size of the unit can be arbitrarily set as required; meanwhile, the specific structure of each structural unit
  • the shape can be a "day” font structure, "Mesh” font structure, “Tian” font structure, "sleepy” font structure, triangular structure; the foamed structure 2 is made of polyurethane foam;
  • the flow guiding frame 4 is specifically a light steel sheet, PVC or other material that can achieve the purpose of diversion.
  • the invention also relates to a method for preparing a flow-through foaming structure and a composite composite wallboard.
  • the preparation method is sequentially required as follows - firstly, one panel 1 is laid, and then the flow guiding frame 4 is arranged on the panel 1 according to design requirements.
  • the flow guiding frame 4 is a plate-like structure whose plate surface is arranged perpendicular to the panel 1; the flow guiding frame 4 disposed at the edge of the panel 1 is a continuous annular structure.
  • the preform 3 is then filled in the gap of the unit block which is divided and reserved within the flow guiding frame 4 which is arranged inside the panel 1; the plane of the entire surface of the flow guiding foam structure and the composite composite wall panel In the upper cross section, the preform 3 has a maximum value of 75% in the total cross-sectional area; when the cross-sectional area of the preform is more than 75%, the foamed bonding area will be less than 25% of the total cross-sectional area of the panel. This will result in a weak foam bond; the height of the filled preform 3 is not higher than the height of the flow guide frame 4 to ensure that the inner and outer panels can be tightly coupled to the flow guide frame 4 when the plates are composited;
  • the foaming material is poured through the foaming material pouring port 804, and the pouring requirement is: the reaction temperature is 40 to 50 ° C, and the foaming density is 37-44 kg/m 3 (when the foaming density is lower than 37 kg/m 3 )
  • the overall insulation effect of the composite plate can not meet the requirements; when the foaming density is high, at 44kg/m 3 , the sound insulation performance of the composite plate will be less than ideal, and the economic performance is not good), and according to the internal polyurethane foam forming of the plate
  • the injection time is calculated at an injection speed of 1.5-2 L/sec (the polyurethane foam injected into the inside of the plate will not easily fill the inside of the plate when the injection speed is less than 1.5 L/sec; when the injection speed is greater than 2 L/sec) The injection time will be difficult to control), and the foaming material is injected into the plate for pouring operation; after the injection is completed, the foamed material gradually expands along the guide frame 4 and fills the inner space
  • the method for preparing the flow guiding foam structure and the composite composite wallboard is characterized in that:
  • the flow guiding frame 4 is specifically a light steel sheet, PVC or other materials capable of guiding the flow; the other materials are as follows: "[" Shaped steel, wooden frame, bamboo frame, wood plastic frame, aluminum alloy profile, etc. And non-metallic materials
  • the foamed structure 2 is specifically urethane foamed; the finished product has a density of 37-44 kg/m 3 ; the finished structural shape of the foamed structure 2 satisfies one of the following requirements or Shapes of some combination of direction and direction: "day” font structure, "mesh” font structure, “field” font structure, “sleepy” font structure, triangular structure;
  • the foam and prefabricated composite wallboard can be any combination of unitized structures, and the size of the unit can be arbitrarily set as required; at the same time, the specific structural shape of each structural unit can be "day” font structure, "mesh” font type Structure, "Tian” type structure, "sleepy” type structure, triangular structure;
  • the foamed structure 2 is made of polyurethane foam
  • the preform 3 is specifically a rock wool board having a thickness of 50 mm to 100 mm and a bulk density of 40 kg m 3 to 80 kg/m 3 ;
  • the prefabricated part 3 is specifically a sound-insulating and heat-insulating plate-like material containing air, such as rock wool.
  • Plate, centrifugal glass wool board, perlite board, aluminum silicate cotton board, foamed cement board, etc., the preferred combination form of the flow guiding foam structure and the prefabricated composite wall board of the present invention is: outer panel + polyurethane hair Bubble + rock wool + diversion frame + inner panel;
  • Each panel 1 is specifically made of one of the following lightweight panels: cement fiberboard and/or glass magnesium board, clay board, slate cement board, calcium silicate board, gypsum board, eth board, glass, glass plate, thin tile , Acrylic sheet, Sun board, PC endurance board, Honeycomb board, wood board, thin stone, thin stainless steel board, aluminum veneer, aluminum composite board, copper composite board, thin steel sheet, thin copper plate, titanium alloy plate, color steel plate, aluminum zinc Alloy plate.
  • cement fiber board glass magnesium board.
  • the inner panel is used inside the building wall
  • the outer panel is used outside the building wall
  • the inner panel and outer panel materials and thickness can be selected as needed to achieve the best overall performance requirements.
  • the prefabricated member 3 is specifically a sound-insulating and heat-insulating plate-shaped material containing air, specifically It is one of the following or a combination thereof: rock wool board, centrifugal glass wool board, perlite board, aluminum silicate cotton board, foamed cement board, etc., preferably cement fiber board + polyurethane foam + rock wool + diversion frame + MgO plane.
  • plate surface refers to the two largest surfaces of a plate-like structural member, and the other faces are the side faces in the thickness direction of the plate-shaped structural member, which are hereby described.
  • the manufacturing process of the flow-through foaming structure and the prefabricated composite wallboard is as follows: Taking FIG. 3 as an example, the C-shaped light steel keel 401 used as the guiding frame 4 is processed into four borders each having a 45° angle at both ends. . Divided into upper and lower horizontal frames and left and right vertical frames, the four frames are sequentially butted in sequence, and the L-shaped galvanized steel gussets and fasteners 403 are mechanically connected to the intersection of the four frames; then four prefabricated A rectangular light steel sheet 402 with connecting flanges is attached to the light steel keel frame by fasteners 403 to form a light steel keel diversion frame.
  • the shape of the light guide frame 4 of the light steel keel is not limited to the rectangle of Fig. 3, and can be processed into various shapes according to actual construction requirements, such as diamonds, triangles, and the like.
  • the filling core material of the wall panel itself of the invention can be composed of a polyurethane foam layer and a prefabricated panel embedded with rock wool, which is integrated.
  • the advantages of the two not only significantly improve the insulation and sound insulation performance of the plate, but also take into account the light weight and high structural strength of the plate itself. It can better meet the relevant standards of building construction, achieve better performance indicators and have higher price-to-price ratio; its structure is simple and easier to manufacture. It has a relatively large economic and social value that can be expected.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structural principle of a foamed and prefabricated composite wallboard (cross-sectional view of the cross section of the panel);
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a structural view of a light steel keel diversion frame
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the foamed and prefabricated composite wallboard
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the foamed and prefabricated composite wallboard
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of the preparation process of the composite plate.
  • the meanings of the numbers in Figure 3 are as follows: 401 light steel keel frame, 402 light steel sheet, 403 fastener; the meanings of the numbers in Figure 8 are as follows: 801 is the fixture, 802 is the composite before the injection of foaming material after assembly The whole plate, 803 is a foaming vent, 804 is a foaming injection hole, and 805 is a foaming injection gun.
  • a flow-through foaming structure and a composite composite wall panel are composed of a foaming structure 2, a preform 3, a flow guiding frame 4, and a panel 1; wherein:
  • the flow guiding frame 4 is a plate-like structure, the plate surface of which is arranged perpendicular to the panel 1; the whole guiding foaming structure and the composite composite wallboard are divided into a plurality of unit blocks by the guiding frame 4; Foamed structure 2 or preform 3; the flow guiding frame 4 is located between the foamed structure 2 and the preform 3 and the entire outer edge of the flow guiding foam structure and the composite composite wall panel; the panel 1 is two pieces.
  • the prefabricated part 3 accounts for 65% of the total cross-sectional area of the entire cross-section of the flow guiding foam structure and the surface of the prefabricated composite wallboard; to ensure that the comprehensive performance index of insulation and sound insulation meets relevant Building construction standard requirements; at the same time ensure the bonding area of foaming, to ensure the firmness of foam bonding;
  • the prefabricated part 3 is specifically a sound-insulating and heat-insulating plate-shaped material containing air.
  • the pre-formed part 3 is made of rock wool board, and has a thickness of 50 mm to 100 mm and a bulk density of 40 kg m 3 to 80 kg/m 3 .
  • the structural shape of the foamed structure 2 is a shape in which two "mesh"-shaped structures are combined in the transverse direction; the material of the foamed structure 2 is polyurethane foaming;
  • the flow guiding frame 4 is specifically a light steel sheet or PVC.
  • the embodiment further relates to a method for preparing a flow-through foaming structure and a composite composite wallboard, and the preparation method is sequentially required as follows:
  • the flow guiding frame 4 is arranged at the inside and inside of the panel 1 according to design requirements.
  • the guiding frame 4 is a plate-like structure, the plate surface is arranged perpendicular to the panel 1; and is arranged at the edge of the panel 1
  • the flow guiding frame 4 is a continuous annular structure.
  • the preform 3 is then filled in the gap of the unit block which is divided and reserved within the flow guiding frame 4 which is arranged inside the panel 1; the plane of the entire surface of the flow guiding foam structure and the composite composite wall panel In the upper cross section, the preform 3 has a maximum value of 75% in the total cross-sectional area; when the cross-sectional area of the preform is more than 75%, the foamed bonding area will be less than 25% of the total cross-sectional area of the panel. This will result in a weak foam bond; the height of the filled preform 3 is not higher than the height of the flow guide frame 4 to ensure that the inner and outer panels can be tightly coupled to the flow guide frame 4 when the plates are composited;
  • the entire inner space of the package is divided into a plurality of unit blocks, that is, a plurality of closed cavities, by a flow guiding frame 4 disposed inside the panel 1; and a common cavity abutting the flow guiding frame 4 disposed at the edge of the panel 1 That is, the most peripheral unit block is provided with a common foam material pouring port 804;
  • the foaming material is poured through the foaming material pouring port 804, and the pouring requirement is: the reaction temperature is 40 to 50 ° C, and the foaming density is 37-44 kg/m 3 (when the foaming density is lower than 37 kg/m 3 )
  • the overall insulation effect of the composite plate cannot meet the requirements; when the foaming density is higher than 44kg/m 3 , the sound insulation performance of the composite plate will be less than ideal, and the economic performance is not good), and according to the polyurethane foam inside the plate
  • the volume of the injection is calculated at an injection speed of 1.75 L/sec (the polyurethane foam injected into the interior of the plate will not easily fill the inside of the plate when the injection speed is less than 1.5 L/sec; when the injection speed is greater than 2 L/sec)
  • the time will be difficult to control, and the injection speed is 1.75 L/sec.
  • the injection is performed by injecting the foam material into the plate. After the injection is completed, the foamed material gradually expands along the guide frame 4 and fills the flow guide frame. 4 Internal space, after all the venting holes around the plate have a small amount of polyurethane foam overflow, it is proved that the polyurethane foam has completely filled the inner cavity of the composite plate, and then the polyurethane foam is completed after 20-30 minutes. After treatment, the foamed structure 1 and the panel 2 bonded integrally guide frame 4;
  • the flow guiding frame 4 is specifically a light steel sheet and a PVC;
  • the foamed structure 2 is specifically polyurethane foamed; the finished product has a density of 37-44 kg/m 3 ;
  • the foamed structure 2 is made of polyurethane foam
  • the preform 3 is specifically a rock wool board having a thickness of 50 mm to 100 mm and a bulk density of 40 kg/m 3 to 80 kg/m 3 ;
  • Each panel 1 is specifically made of one of the following lightweight panels: cement fiberboard, glass magnesium.
  • the inner panel is used inside the wall of the building
  • the outer panel is located outside the wall of the building, and the material and thickness of the inner and outer panels can be selected according to the needs to achieve the best comprehensive performance requirements.
  • the combination form of the flow guiding foaming structure and the composite composite wallboard of the present embodiment is - outer panel (cement fiberboard) + polyurethane foam + rock wool + diversion frame + inner panel (glass magnesium plate);
  • plate surface refers to the two largest surfaces of a plate-like structural member, and the other faces are the side faces in the thickness direction of the plate-shaped structural member, which are hereby described.
  • the manufacturing process of the flow-through foaming structure and the composite composite wallboard is as follows: Taking FIG. 3 as an example, the C-shaped light steel keel 401 used as the flow guiding frame 4 is processed into four borders each having a 45° angle at both ends. . It is divided into upper and lower horizontal frames and left and right vertical frames. The four frames are sequentially butted in sequence, and the L-shaped galvanized steel gussets and fasteners 403 are used to mechanically connect the four frame intersections; then four pieces are prefabricated. A rectangular light steel sheet 402 with connecting flanges is attached to the light steel keel frame by fasteners 403 to form a light steel keel diversion frame.
  • the shape of the light guide frame 4 of the light steel keel is not limited to the rectangle of Fig. 3, and can be processed into various shapes according to actual construction requirements, such as diamonds, triangles, and the like.
  • the advantages and positive effects of the embodiment are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the filling core material of the wall panel itself of the embodiment can be composed of a polyurethane foam layer and a prefabricated panel embedded with rock wool. Combining the advantages of both, it not only significantly improves the insulation and sound insulation performance of the plate, but also takes into account the light weight and high structural strength of the plate itself. It can better meet the relevant standards of building construction, achieve better performance indicators and has high cost performance; its structure is simple and easy to manufacture. It has a relatively large economic and social value that can be expected.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as the content of Embodiment 1, and the difference mainly lies in: Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5; the structural shape of the foamed structure 2 is a "Tian” type structural unit or more "Tian” type structural unit. The combination.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as the content of Embodiment 1, and the difference mainly lies in: Referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7; the structural shape of the foamed structure 2 is a "mesh” type structural unit or more "mesh” type structural unit. The combination.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as the content of the first embodiment, and the difference mainly lies in: the cross section of the preform 3 in the cross section on the plane of the entire flow guiding foam structure and the surface of the composite composite wallboard of the preform.
  • the maximum value of the area is 75%; to ensure that the comprehensive performance indicators of insulation and sound insulation meet the requirements of relevant building construction standards;
  • the prefabricated part 3 is specifically a sound-insulating and heat-insulating plate-shaped material containing air, and the material thereof is one of the following: centrifugal glass wool board, perlite board, aluminum silicate cotton board, foamed cement board;
  • the structural shape of the foamed structure 2 satisfies one of the following requirements or a combination of some combination in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction: a "day” type structure, a "mesh” type structure, a "field” type structure, Difficult” font structure, triangular structure; that is: the foamed and prefabricated composite wallboard can be any combination of unitized structures, the size of the unit can be arbitrarily set as required; meanwhile, the specific structure of each structural unit
  • the shape may be a "day” font structure, a "mesh” font structure, a "field” font structure, a "sleepy” font structure, a triangular structure; the foamed structure 2 is made of a material different from polyurethane foam. Other
  • the foamed structure 2 is specifically urethane foamed; its finished product density is 37-44 kg/m 3 ; the finished structural shape of the foamed structure 2 satisfies one of the following requirements or its combination in the longitudinal and transverse directions Shape: "Japanese" font structure, “mesh” font structure, “ ⁇ ” font structure, “sleepy” font structure, triangular structure; meaning: the foamed and prefabricated composite wallboard can be The combination of any unitized structure, the size of the unit can be arbitrarily set as required; at the same time, the specific structural shape of each structural unit can be a " ⁇ " font structure, a "mesh” font structure, a “field” font structure, "sleepy” font structure, triangular structure;
  • Each panel 1 is specifically made of one of the following lightweight panels: cement fiberboard and/or glass magnesium board, clay board, slate cement board, calcium silicate board, gypsum board, eth board, glass, glass plate, thin tile , Acrylic sheet, Sun board, PC endurance board, Honeycomb board, wood board, thin stone, thin stainless steel board, aluminum veneer, aluminum composite board, copper composite board, thin steel sheet, thin copper plate, titanium alloy plate, color steel plate, aluminum zinc Alloy plate.
  • the shape of the flow guiding frame 4 is not limited to the rectangular shape of Fig. 3, and may be processed into a diamond shape or a triangle shape according to actual construction requirements.
  • This embodiment is basically the same as the content of the first embodiment, and the difference mainly lies in: the cross section of the preform 3 in the cross section on the plane of the entire flow guiding foam structure and the surface of the composite composite wallboard of the preform 45% of the area; to ensure that its comprehensive performance indicators of insulation and sound insulation meet the relevant building construction standards;
  • the material of the prefabricated part 3 is one of the following: rock wool board, centrifugal glass wool board, perlite board, aluminum silicate cotton board, foamed cement board;
  • the structural shape of the foamed structure 2 satisfies one of the following requirements or a combination of some combination in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction: a "day” type structure, a “mesh” type structure, a “field” type structure, Difficult” font structure, triangular structure; that is: the foamed and prefabricated composite wallboard can be any combination of unitized structures, the size of the unit can be arbitrarily set as required; meanwhile, the specific structure of each structural unit
  • the shape may be a "day” font structure, a "mesh” font structure, a "field” font structure, a "sleepy” font structure, a triangular structure; the foamed structure 2 is made of a material different from polyurethane foam. Other usable materials; the flow guiding frame 4 is specifically a light steel sheet, PVC or other materials that can achieve the purpose of diversion.
  • the foaming material is poured out through the foaming material pouring port 804, and the pouring requirement is: the reaction temperature is 40 to 50 ° C, and the foaming density is It is about 40kg/m 3 , and according to the volume of the polyurethane foam inside the plate, the injection time is calculated at an injection speed of 1.5-2L/sec, and the injection is made into the plate.
  • the foam material is poured.

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Abstract

一种导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板及其制备方法，其中的复合墙板由发泡结构（2）、预制件（3）、导流框架（4）和面板（1）构成；导流框架（4）为板状结构，其板面垂直于面板（1）布置；整个复合墙板通过导流框架（4）分割成多个单元块：发泡结构（2）或预制件（3）；导流框架（4）位于发泡结构（2）和预制件（3）之间和/或整个复合墙板的外边沿；面板（1）为两块，预制件（3）在横截面总面积中最大值为75%；预制件（3）为内含空气的隔音、保温板状材料件，其厚度50mm~100mm，容重30kg/m3~150kg/m3。该复合墙板具有保温、隔声、轻质、高强度等性能，且结构简单。

Description

说 明 书
一种导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板及其制备方法 技术领域- 本发明涉及建筑墙板结构设计和应用技术领域， 特别提供了一 种导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板及其制备方法。
背景技术：
随着建筑行业的快速发展， 实现快速装配、 高效保温、 隔音、 防 火是绿色建筑面板的重要发展方向。但是常规的建筑复合墙板大都采 用单一的填充芯材，目前还没有某一种芯材能够全部发挥保温、隔声、 轻质、 高强等综合性能较佳的效果。 另外， 传统复合墙板普遍制作工 艺复杂， 劳动强度大， 施工安装对于环境气候条件要求高， 容易形成 粉尘而污染环境。 ， 为了克服上述现有技术中的不足，人们迫切希望获得一种技术效 果优良的导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板及其制备方法。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是重点解决现有技术中建筑用墙板存在的无法同 时满足较好保温、 隔声、 轻质、 高强度等性能的问题， 具体提供了一 种发泡和预制件复合墙板及其制备方法； 所述墙板结构简单， 制造工 艺相对简单。
本发明一种导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板， 由发泡结构 2、 预制件 3和导流框架 4、 面板 1共同构成； 其特征在于： 导流框架 4 为板状结构， 其板面垂直于面板 1布置； 所述整个导流式发泡结构和 预制件复合墙板通过导流框架 4分割成多个单元块；各单元块具体为 发泡结构 2或预制件 3 ; 导流框架 4位于发泡结构 2和预制件 3之间 或 /和整个导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的外边沿； 面板 1为两 块，
在整个导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的板面所在平面上的 横截面上，预制件 3在横截面总面积中最大值为 75%;以保证其保温、 隔音的综合性能指标满足相关建筑施工标准要求； 另外需要强调的 是： 当预制件横截面积大于 75%时，发泡的粘接面积将低于面板总横 截面积的 25%， 这样会导致发泡粘接不牢固；
预制件 3 具体为内含空气的隔音、 保温板状材料件， 其厚度 50mm~100mm, 容重 30kg/m3~150kg/m3。
本发明所述导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板，还包含有下述内 容要求：
预制件 3的材质为以下几种之一： 岩棉板、 离心玻璃棉板、 珍珠 岩板、 硅酸铝棉板、 发泡水泥板；
当预制件 3 的材质为岩棉板时， 其厚度 50mn！〜 100mm, 容重 40kg/m3〜80kg/m3。
发泡结构 2的结构形状满足以下要求之一或其在纵向、横向方向 的某种组合而成的形状： "日"字型结构、 "目"字型结构、 "田"字 型结构、 "困"字型结构、 三角形结构； 意即： 所述发泡和预制件复 合墙板可以是任意的单元化结构的组合，单元的大小可以随要求任意 设定； 同时， 各个结构单元的具体结构形状可以是 "日"字型结构、 "目"字型结构、 "田"字型结构、 "困"字型结构、 三角形结构； 所述的发泡结构 2的材质为聚氨酯发泡；
所述导流框架 4具体为轻钢薄板、 PVC或可实现导流目的的其 他材料。
本发明还涉及一种导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的制备方 法， 所述制备方法依次要求如下- 首先铺设 1块面板 1， 然后将导流框架 4按照设计要求布置在面 板 1边沿处和内部， 导流框架 4为板状结构， 其板面垂直于面板 1布 置； 布置在面板 1边沿处的导流框架 4为连续的环状结构，
之后在组合好的布置在面板 1内部的导流框架 4内被分割预留的 单元块的空隙处填充预制件 3; 在整个导流式发泡结构和预制件复合 墙板的板面所在平面上的横截面上，预制件 3在横截面总面积中最大 值为 75%; 当预制件横截面积大于 75%时， 发泡的粘接面积将低于 面板总横截面积的 25%， 这样会导致发泡粘接不牢固； 所填预制件 3 高度不高于导流框架 4的高度，以确保板块复合时内外面板可以与导 流框架 4紧密结合；
然后放置另一块面板 1 ; 至此， 导流框架 4和两个面板 1共同围 裹的整个内部空间被布置在面板 1内部的导流框架 4分割成多个单元 块即多个封闭空腔；且紧靠布置在面板 1边沿处的导流框架 4的那一 个共通的空腔即最外围的单元块上设置有公用的发泡材料浇注口 804；
然后用夹具固定整个已经布置好的由两块面板 1 内预设了导流 框架 4并预先填充了预制件 3的整体；
之后通过发泡材料浇注口 804进行发泡材料的浇注操作，浇筑要 求是： 反应温度为 40~50°C， 发泡密度为 37-44kg/m3 (当发泡密度低于 37kg/m3时， 复合后板块整体保温效果不能满足要求； 当发泡密度高、 于 44kg/m3时，复合板块的隔声性能将不够理想，并且经济性能不佳)， 并根据板块内部聚氨酯发泡成形后的体积， 按 1.5-2L/秒的注射速度 计算出注射时间 (当注射速度小于 1.5L/秒时注射到板块内部的聚氨 酯发泡将不易于充满板块内部； 当注射速度大于 2L/秒时注射的时间 将很难控制)， 向板块内注射发泡材料进行浇注操作； 注射完成后， 发泡材料沿着导流框架 4逐渐膨胀并填满导流框架 4内部空间，待板 块四周所有排气孔均有少量聚氨酯发泡溢出后，则证明聚氨酯发泡已 经完全充满复合板块内部空腔， 再经过 20-30分钟完成聚氨酯发泡的 熟化处理后， 发泡结构 2将面板 1及导流框架 4粘接为一体；
然后将排气孔及发泡注射孔处溢出的聚氨酯发泡清理干净； 之后， 卸掉夹具， 获得导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板成品。 所述导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的制备方法， 其特征在 于：
导流框架 4具体是轻钢薄板、 PVC或可实现导流目的的其他材 料； 所述其他材料举例如下： "["形的型钢、 木框、 竹框、 木塑框、 铝合金型材等金属和非金属材料
发泡结构 2 使用的具体是聚氨酯发泡； 其制成品密度为 37-44kg/m3; 发泡结构 2的成品结构形状满足以下要求之一或其在纵 向、 横向方向的某种组合而成的形状： "日"字型结构、 "目"字型结 构、 "田"字型结构、 "困"字型结构、 三角形结构； 意即： 所述发泡 和预制件复合墙板可以是任意的单元化结构的组合，单元的大小可以 随要求任意设定； 同时， 各个结构单元的具体结构形状可以是 "日" 字型结构、 "目"字型结构、 "田"字型结构、 "困"字型结构、 三角 形结构；
所述的发泡结构 2的材质为聚氨酯发泡；
所述预制件 3 具体为岩棉板， 其厚度 50mm~100mm， 容重 40kg m3~80kg/m3; 所述的预制件 3 具体为内含空气的隔音、 保温板 状材料件， 例如岩棉板、 离心玻璃棉板、 珍珠岩板、 硅酸铝棉板、 发 泡水泥板等，本发明所述导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板优选的组 合形式是： 外面板 +聚氨酯发泡 +岩棉 +导流框架 +内面板；
每一块面板 1 具体采用下述的某种轻型板材： 水泥纤维板和 /或 玻镁板、 陶土板、 美岩水泥板、 硅酸钙板、 石膏板、 埃特板、 玻璃、 玻璃钢板、 薄瓷砖、 亚克力板、 阳光板、 PC耐力板、 蜂窝板、 木板、 薄石材、 薄不锈钢板、 铝单板、 铝复合板、 铜复合板、 薄钢板、 薄铜 板、 钛合金板、 彩钢板、 铝锌合金板。
进一步优选： 水泥纤维板、 玻镁板。 根据建筑要求， 内面板位于 建筑物墙体内侧使用， 外面板位于建筑物墙体外侧使用， 内面板和外 面板的材质、厚度等可以根据需要分别选择使用以达到最佳综合性能 要求。
所述的预制件 3具体为内含空气的隔音、保温板状材料件， 具体 是以下几种之一或其组合： 岩棉板、 离心玻璃棉板、 珍珠岩板、 硅酸 铝棉板、 发泡水泥板等， 优选水泥纤维板 +聚氨酯发泡 +岩棉 +导流框 架 +玻镁板。
本发明中所述"板面"的概念指的是一个板状结构件的两个最大 的表面， 除此之外其余的面均为板型结构件的厚度方向的侧面，特此 说明。
导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的制作工艺为： 以图 3为例， 将作为导流框架 4使用的 C形轻钢龙骨 401加工成四件两端均为 45° 角的边框。分为上下横边框及左右竖边框，将四件边框按顺序首尾依 次对接，并用 L形镀锌钢角板及紧固件 403对四件边框交接处进行机 械连接；然后将四件预制好的带连接折边的矩形轻钢薄板 402用紧固 件 403连接在轻钢龙骨边框上， 组成轻钢龙骨导流框架。轻钢龙骨的 导流框架 4的形状并不仅限于图 3的矩形， 根据实际建筑需要， 可以 加工成各种形状， 如： 菱形， 三角形等。
本发明具有的优点及积极效果是： 与现有技术相比， 本发明所述 墙板本身的填充芯材可以由聚氨酯发泡层和嵌有岩棉的预制件板组 合而成， 它综合了二者的优点， 不仅明显提升了板块的保温、 隔声性 能， 还兼顾了板块本身的轻质、 高结构强度等特点。 可以更好地满足 建筑施工的相关标准要求， 达到较好的性能指标并具有较高的性价 比； 其结构简单， 比较容易制造。 具有可预期的较为巨大的经济价值 和社会价值。
附图说明： 图 1为发泡和预制件复合墙板的结构原理示意简图之一（板面横 截面剖视图）；
图 2为图 1的 A-A剖视图；
图 3为轻钢龙骨导流框架的结构图；
图 4为发泡和预制件复合墙板的结构原理示意简图之二； 图 5为图 1的 B-B剖视图；
图 6为发泡和预制件复合墙板的结构原理示意简图之三； 图 7为图 6的 C-C剖视图；
图 8为复合板块制备过程示意图。
具体实施方式：
图 3中各数字标号含义如下： 401轻钢龙骨边框、 402轻钢薄板、 403紧固件； 图 8中各数字标号含义如下： 801为工装夹具、 802为 组装后注射发泡材料前的复合板块整体、 803为发泡排气孔、 804为 发泡注射孔、 805为发泡注射枪。
实施例 1
一种导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板， 由发泡结构 2、 预制件 3和导流框架 4、 面板 1共同构成； 其中：
导流框架 4为板状结构，其板面垂直于面板 1布置；所述整个导 流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板通过导流框架 4分割成多个单元块； 各单元块具体为发泡结构 2或预制件 3 ; 导流框架 4位于发泡结构 2 和预制件 3之间和整个导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的外边沿； 面板 1为两块， 在整个导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的板面所在平面上的 横截面上， 预制件 3在横截面总面积中占 65%; 以保证其保温、 隔音 的综合性能指标满足相关建筑施工标准要求；同时保证发泡的粘接面 积， 保证发泡粘接的牢固性；
预制件 3具体为内含空气的隔音、保温板状材料件， 预制件 3的 材质为岩棉板， 其厚度 50mm~100mm， 容重 40kg m3~80kg/m3。
发泡结构 2的结构形状是两个 "目 "字型结构在横向方向组合而 成的形状； 所述的发泡结构 2的材质为聚氨酯发泡；
所述导流框架 4具体为轻钢薄板或 PVC。
本实施例还涉及一种导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的制备 方法， 所述制备方法依次要求如下：
首先铺设 1块面板 1， 然后将导流框架 4按照设计要求布置在面 板 1边沿处和内部， 导流框架 4为板状结构， 其板面垂直于面板 1布 置； 布置在面板 1边沿处的导流框架 4为连续的环状结构，
之后在组合好的布置在面板 1内部的导流框架 4内被分割预留的 单元块的空隙处填充预制件 3; 在整个导流式发泡结构和预制件复合 墙板的板面所在平面上的横截面上，预制件 3在横截面总面积中最大 值为 75%; 当预制件橫截面积大于 75%时， 发泡的粘接面积将低于 面板总横截面积的 25%， 这样会导致发泡粘接不牢固； 所填预制件 3 高度不高于导流框架 4的高度，以确保板块复合时内外面板可以与导 流框架 4紧密结合；
然后放置另一块面板 1 ; 至此， 导流框架 4和两个面板 1共同围 裹的整个内部空间被布置在面板 1内部的导流框架 4分割成多个单元 块即多个封闭空腔；且紧靠布置在面板 1边沿处的导流框架 4的那一 个共通的空腔即最外围的单元块上设置有公用的发泡材料浇注口 804；
然后用夹具固定整个己经布置好的由两块面板 1 内预设了导流 框架 4并预先填充了预制件 3的整体；
之后通过发泡材料浇注口 804进行发泡材料的浇注操作，浇筑要 求是： 反应温度为 40~50°C， 发泡密度为 37-44kg/m3 (当发泡密度低于 37kg/m3时， 复合后板块整体保温效果不能满足要求； 当发泡密度高 于 44kg/m3时，复合板块的隔声性能将不够理想，并且经济性能不佳)， 并根据板块内部聚氨酯发泡成形后的体积，按 1.75L/秒的注射速度计 算出注射时间 （当注射速度小于 1.5L/秒时注射到板块内部的聚氨酯 发泡将不易于充满板块内部； 当注射速度大于 2L/秒时注射的时间将 很难控制， 注射速度为 1.75L/秒时效果最优）向板块内注射发泡材料 进行浇注操作； 注射完成后，发泡材料沿着导流框架 4逐渐膨胀并填 满导流框架 4内部空间，待板块四周所有排气孔均有少量聚氨酯发泡 溢出后， 则证明聚氨酯发泡已经完全充满复合板块内部空腔， 再经过 20-30分钟完成聚氨酯发泡的熟化处理后， 发泡结构 2将面板 1及导 流框架 4粘接为一体；
然后将排气孔及发泡注射孔处溢出的聚氨酯发泡清理干净； 之后， 卸掉夹具， 获得导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板成品。 导流框架 4具体是轻钢薄板、 PVC; 发泡结构 2 使用的具体是聚氨酯发泡； 其制成品密度为 37-44kg/m3;
所述的发泡结构 2的材质为聚氨酯发泡；
所述预制件 3 具体为岩棉板， 其厚度 50mm~100mm， 容重 40kg/m3~80kg/m3;
每一块面板 1具体采用下述的某种轻型板材： 水泥纤维板、玻镁 板。根据建筑要求， 内面板位于建筑物墙体内侧使用， 外面板位于建 筑物墙体外侧使用， 内面板和外面板的材质、厚度等可以根据需要分 别选择使用以达到最佳综合性能要求。
本实施例所述导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的组合形式是- 外面板 (水泥纤维板) +聚氨酯发泡 +岩棉 +导流框架 +内面板 (玻镁板）； 本实施例中所述 "板面"的概念指的是一个板状结构件的两个最 大的表面， 除此之外其余的面均为板型结构件的厚度方向的侧面，特 此说明。
导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的制作工艺为： 以图 3为例， 将作为导流框架 4使用的 C形轻钢龙骨 401加工成四件两端均为 45 ° 角的边框。分为上下横边框及左右竖边框， 将四件边框按顺序首尾依 次对接，并用 L形镀锌钢角板及紧固件 403对四件边框交接处进行机 械连接；然后将四件预制好的带连接折边的矩形轻钢薄板 402用紧固 件 403连接在轻钢龙骨边框上， 组成轻钢龙骨导流框架。轻钢龙骨的 导流框架 4的形状并不仅限于图 3的矩形， 根据实际建筑需要， 可以 加工成各种形状， 如： 菱形， 三角形等。 本实施例具有的优点及积极效果是： 与现有技术相比，本实施例 所述墙板本身的填充芯材可以由聚氨酯发泡层和嵌有岩棉的预制件 板组合而成， 它综合了二者的优点， 不仅明显提升了板块的保温、 隔 声性能， 还兼顾了板块本身的轻质、 高结构强度等特点。 可以更好地 满足建筑施工的相关标准要求，达到较好的性能指标并具有较高的性 价比； 其结构简单， 比较容易制造。具有可预期的较为巨大的经济价 值和社会价值。
实施例 2
本实施例与实施例 1内容基本相同， 其不同之处主要在于： 参见附图 4、 5； 发泡结构 2的结构形状是 "田"字型结构单元 或更多 "田"字型结构单元的组合。
实施例 3
本实施例与实施例 1内容基本相同， 其不同之处主要在于： 参见附图 6、 7； 发泡结构 2的结构形状是 "目"字型结构单元 或更多 "目 "字型结构单元的组合。
实施例 4
本实施例与实施例 1内容基本相同， 其不同之处主要在于： 在整个导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的板面所在平面上的 横截面上，预制件 3在横截面总面积中最大值为 75%;以保证其保温、 隔音的综合性能指标满足相关建筑施工标准要求；
预制件 3具体为内含空气的隔音、保温板状材料件， 其材质为以 下几种之一： 离心玻璃棉板、 珍珠岩板、 硅酸铝棉板、 发泡水泥板； 发泡结构 2的结构形状满足以下要求之一或其在纵向、横向方向 的某种组合而成的形状： "日"字型结构、 "目"字型结构、 "田"字 型结构、 "困"字型结构、 三角形结构； 意即： 所述发泡和预制件复 合墙板可以是任意的单元化结构的组合，单元的大小可以随要求任意 设定； 同时， 各个结构单元的具体结构形状可以是 "日"字型结构、 "目"字型结构、 "田"字型结构、 "困"字型结构、 三角形结构； 所述的发泡结构 2的材质为不同于聚氨酯发泡的其他可用材质； 所述导流框架 4具体为 " ["形的型钢、 木框、 竹框、 木塑框、 铝合金型材等金属和非金属材料；
发泡结构 2 使用的具体是聚氨酯发泡； 其制成品密度为 37-44kg/m3; 发泡结构 2的成品结构形状满足以下要求之一或其在纵 向、 横向方向的某种组合而成的形状： "日"字型结构、 "目"字型结 构、 "田"字型结构、 "困"字型结构、 三角形结构； 意即： 所述发泡 和预制件复合墙板可以是任意的单元化结构的组合，单元的大小可以 随要求任意设定； 同时， 各个结构单元的具体结构形状可以是 "曰" 字型结构、 "目"字型结构、 "田"字型结构、 "困"字型结构、 三角 形结构；
每一块面板 1 具体采用下述的某种轻型板材： 水泥纤维板和 /或 玻镁板、 陶土板、 美岩水泥板、 硅酸钙板、 石膏板、 埃特板、 玻璃、 玻璃钢板、 薄瓷砖、 亚克力板、 阳光板、 PC耐力板、 蜂窝板、 木板、 薄石材、 薄不锈钢板、 铝单板、 铝复合板、 铜复合板、 薄钢板、 薄铜 板、 钛合金板、 彩钢板、 铝锌合金板。 导流框架 4的形状并不仅限于图 3的矩形， 根据实际建筑需要， 可以加工成菱形、 三角形。
实施例 5
本实施例与实施例 1内容基本相同， 其不同之处主要在于： 在整个导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的板面所在平面上的 横截面上， 预制件 3在横截面总面积中的 45%; 以保证其保温、 隔音 的综合性能指标满足相关建筑施工标准要求；
预制件 3的材质为以下几种之一： 岩棉板、 离心玻璃棉板、 珍珠 岩板、 硅酸铝棉板、 发泡水泥板；
发泡结构 2的结构形状满足以下要求之一或其在纵向、横向方向 的某种组合而成的形状： "日"字型结构、 "目"字型结构、 "田"字 型结构、 "困"字型结构、 三角形结构； 意即： 所述发泡和预制件复 合墙板可以是任意的单元化结构的组合，单元的大小可以随要求任意 设定； 同时， 各个结构单元的具体结构形状可以是 "日"字型结构、 "目"字型结构、 "田"字型结构、 "困"字型结构、 三角形结构； 所述的发泡结构 2的材质为不同于聚氨酯发泡的其他可用材质； 所述导流框架 4具体为轻钢薄板、 PVC或可实现导流目的的其 他材料。
在导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的制备方法中，通过发泡材 料浇注口 804进行发泡材料的饶注操作， 浇筑要求是： 反应温度为 40~50°C ,发泡密度约为 40kg/m3，并根据板块内部聚氨酯发泡成形后 的体积， 按 1.5-2L/秒的注射速度计算出注射时间， 向板块内注射发 泡材料进行浇注操作。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板， 由发泡结构 （2)、 预制件（3 )和导流框架（4)、 面板（1 ) 共同构成； 其特征在于： 导 流框架（4)为板状结构， 其板面垂直于面板（1 )布置； 所述整个导 流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板通过导流框架 （4) 分割成多个单元 块； 各单元块具体为发泡结构 （2)或预制件 （3 ); 导流框架（4)位 于发泡结构 （2 ) 和预制件 （3 ) 之间或 /和整个导流式发泡结构和预 制件复合墙板的外边沿； 面板 （1 ) 为两块，
在整个导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的板面所在平面上的 横截面上， 预制件 （3 ) 在横截面总面积中最大值为 75%;
预制件 （3 ) 具体为内含空气的隔音、 保温板状材料件， 其厚度 50mm~ 100mm, 容重 30kg/m3~150kg/m3。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板， 其特征在于： 预制件 （3 ) 的材质为以下几种之一： 岩棉板、 离心玻 璃棉板、 珍珠岩板、 硅酸铝棉板、 发泡水泥板；
当预制件（3 ) 的材质为岩棉板时， 其厚度 50mm〜100mm， 容重 40kg/m3~80kg/m3。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙 板， 其特征在于：
发泡结构 （2) 的结构形状满足以下要求之一或其在纵向、 横向 方向的某种组合而成的形状： "日"字型结构、 "目"字型结构、 "田" 字型结构、 "困"字型结构、 三角形结构； 所述的发泡结构 （2) 的材质为聚氨酯发泡；
所述导流框架 （4) 具体为轻钢薄板、 PVC。
4、 一种导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的制备方法， 其特征 在于： 所述制备方法依次要求如下：
首先铺设 1块面板 （1 )， 然后将导流框架 （4) 按照设计要求布 置在面板（1 )边沿处和内部， 导流框架（4)为板状结构， 其板面垂 直于面板 （1 )布置； 布置在面板 （1 ) 边沿处的导流框架 （4) 为连 续的环状结构，
之后在组合好的布置在面板（1 ) 内部的导流框架（4) 内被分割 预留的单元块的空隙处填充预制件（3 ); 在整个导流式发泡结构和预 制件复合墙板的板面所在平面上的横截面上， 预制件 （3 ) 在横截面 总面积中最大值为 75%;
然后放置另一块面板（1 ); 至此， 导流框架（4)和两个面板（1 ) 共同围裹的整个内部空间被布置在面板（1 ) 内部的导流框架（4)分 割成多个单元块即多个封闭空腔； 且紧靠布置在面板 （1 ) 边沿处的 导流框架 （4) 的那一个共通的空腔即最外围的单元块上设置有公用 的发泡材料浇注口 （804);
然后用夹具固定整个已经布置好的由两块面板 （1 ) 内预设了导 流框架 （4) 并预先填充了预制件 （3 ) 的整体；
之后通过发泡材料浇注口 （804) 进行发泡材料的浇注操作， 浇 筑要求是： 反应温度为 40~50°C， 发泡密度为 37-44kg/m3， 并根据板 块内部聚氨酯发泡成形后的体积， 按 1.5-2L/秒的注射速度计算出注 射时间， 向板块内注射发泡材料进行浇注操作； 注射完成后， 发泡材 料沿着导流框架（4)逐渐膨胀并填满导流框架（4) 内部空间， 再经 过 20-30分钟完成聚氨酯发泡的熟化处理后， 发泡结构 （2) 将面板 ( 1 ) 及导流框架 （4) 粘接为一体；
然后将排气孔及发泡注射孔处溢出的聚氨酯发泡清理干净； 之后， 卸掉夹具， 获得导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板成品。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述导流式发泡结构和预制件复合墙板的制 备方法， 其特征在于：
导流框架 （4) 具体是轻钢薄板、 PVC或可实现导流目的的其他 材料；
发泡结构 （2 ) 使用的具体是聚氨酯发泡； 其制成品密度为 37-44kg/m3; 发泡结构（2)的成品结构形状满足以下要求之一或其在 纵向、 横向方向的某种组合而成的形状： "日"字型结构、 "目"字型 结构、 "田"字型结构、 "困"字型结构、 三角形结构；
所述的发泡结构 （2) 的材质为聚氨酯发泡；
所述预制件 （3 ) 具体为岩棉板， 其厚度 50mm~100mm， 容重 40kg/m3~80kg m3;
每一块面板（1 )具体采用下述的某种轻型板材： 水泥纤维板和 / 或玻镁板、 陶土板、美岩水泥板、硅酸钙板、石膏板、埃特板、玻璃、 玻璃钢板、 薄瓷砖、 亚克力板、 阳光板、 PC耐力板、 蜂窝板、 木板、 薄石材、 薄不锈钢板、 铝单板、 铝复合板、 铜复合板、 薄钢板、 薄铜 板、 钛合金板、 彩钢板、 铝锌合金板； 所述的预制件 （3 ) 为内含空气的隔音、 保温板状材料件， 具体 是以下几种之一或其组合： 岩棉板、 离心玻璃棉板、 珍珠岩板、硅酸 铝棉板、 发泡水泥板。
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