WO2014091984A1 - 送信装置、送信方法、受信装置および受信方法 - Google Patents
送信装置、送信方法、受信装置および受信方法 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present technology relates to a transmission device, a transmission method, a reception device, and a reception method, and particularly to a transmission device that transmits image data quantized with a limited number of gradations.
- Some image data processing apparatuses perform so-called gradation conversion in which N-bit image data is converted into M-bit image data having a lower number of gradations. Such gradation conversion is performed, for example, by simply truncating the lower NM bit values in the N-bit pixel data and quantizing them into M-bit pixel data.
- a band-like pattern that is, banding
- the quantization error is perceived due to the influence of the quantization error in a region where the pixel value gradually changes like a gradation portion in an image. .
- FIG. 22A shows an example of a gradation conversion device that performs banding suppression processing by the random dither method.
- This gradation conversion apparatus includes a calculation unit 311, a random noise output unit 312, and a quantization unit 313.
- the arithmetic unit 311 stores, for example, the pixel value IN (x, y) of each pixel (x, y) of 16-bit image data as image data to be subjected to gradation conversion (image before gradation conversion). They are supplied in raster scan order.
- the pixel (x, y) represents the xth pixel from the left and the yth pixel from the top.
- the arithmetic unit 311 is supplied with random noise from a random noise output unit 312 that generates and outputs random noise.
- the calculation unit 311 adds the pixel value IN (x, y) and the random noise, and supplies the addition value obtained as a result to the quantization unit 313.
- the quantization unit 313 quantizes the addition value from the calculation unit 311 to, for example, 8 bits, and converts the resulting 8-bit quantization value into each pixel (x, y) of the image data after gradation conversion. Is output as a pixel value OUT (x, y).
- FIG. 22B shows an example of a gradation conversion device that performs banding suppression processing by a systematic dither method.
- This gradation conversion apparatus includes a calculation unit 321 and a quantization unit 322.
- the pixel value IN (x, y) of each pixel (x, y) of 16-bit image data is supplied to the calculation unit 321 as an image to be subjected to gradation conversion in the raster scan order.
- the arithmetic unit 321 is supplied with a dither matrix.
- the calculation unit 321 adds the pixel value IN (x, y) and the value of the dither matrix corresponding to the position of the pixel (x, y) having the pixel value IN (x, y), and obtains the result.
- the added value is supplied to the quantization unit 322.
- the quantization unit 322 quantizes the addition value from the calculation unit 321 to, for example, 8 bits, and converts the resulting 8-bit quantization value of the pixel (x, y) of the image data after gradation conversion. Output as pixel value OUT (x, y).
- FIG. 22C shows an example of a gradation conversion device that performs banding suppression processing by the error diffusion method.
- This gradation conversion apparatus includes a calculation unit 331, a quantization unit 332, a calculation unit 333, and a two-dimensional filter 334.
- the quantization unit 332 quantizes the addition value from the calculation unit 331 into, for example, 8 bits, and converts the resulting 8-bit quantization value into each pixel (x, y) of the image data after gradation conversion. Is output as a pixel value OUT (x, y).
- the pixel value OUT (x, y) output from the quantization unit 332 is also supplied to the calculation unit 333.
- the calculation unit 333 subtracts the pixel value OUT (x, y) from the quantization unit 332 from the addition value from the calculation unit 331, and a quantization error ⁇ Q (x , y) is obtained and supplied to the two-dimensional filter 334.
- the two-dimensional filter 334 is a two-dimensional filter for filtering a signal, filters the quantization error ⁇ Q (x, y) from the calculation unit 333, and outputs the filtering result to the calculation unit 331.
- this error diffusion method can obtain an image with good image quality as an image after gradation conversion as compared with the random dither method or the systematic dither method.
- FIG. 23 shows the relationship between banding and the above-mentioned dither and error diffusion.
- the concept of this technology is A transmission unit for transmitting a container in a predetermined format having a video stream including encoded image data;
- the transmission apparatus includes an information insertion unit that inserts information related to banding suppression processing of the image data into the video stream.
- a container of a predetermined format having a video stream including encoded image data is transmitted by the transmission unit.
- the transmission unit may transmit a container having a predetermined format in response to a request from the reception side.
- the container may be a transport stream (MPEG-2 TS) adopted in the digital broadcasting standard.
- the container may be MP4 used for Internet distribution or the like, or a container of other formats.
- Information related to banding suppression processing of image data is inserted into the video stream by the information insertion unit.
- the information insertion unit may be configured to insert information related to the banding suppression process into the video stream in units of pictures or scenes.
- the information related to the banding suppression process may include information indicating whether the banding suppression process is performed on the image data.
- the information regarding the banding suppression process may include information indicating the type of the banding suppression process performed on the image data.
- the information related to the banding suppression process may include information indicating whether the banding suppression process should be performed on the image data. Further, for example, the information related to the banding suppression process may include information indicating whether the gradation number reduction process is performed on the image data. In this case, the information related to the banding suppression process may include information indicating the number of gradations before the gradation number reduction process.
- the receiving side can appropriately perform the banding suppression process based on the information related to the banding suppression process. For example, it is possible to perform control so that the banding suppression process is performed only when the banding suppression process is not performed on the transmission side. Further, for example, it is possible to control so that the banding suppression process is performed only on the image data to be subjected to the banding suppression process.
- an identification information insertion unit that inserts identification information indicating whether information regarding banding suppression processing is inserted in the video stream may be further provided in the container layer.
- the container is a transport stream
- the identification information insertion unit is configured to insert the identification information under the video elementary loop of the program map table included in the transport stream. Also good.
- the receiver can know whether or not information related to banding suppression processing is inserted in the video stream without decoding the video stream, and can appropriately extract this information.
- a receiving unit for receiving a container of a predetermined format including a video stream including encoded image data and including information on banding suppression processing of the image data;
- a decoding unit for decoding the video stream to obtain image data;
- a processing unit that performs banding suppression processing on the decoded image data;
- a control unit that controls the processing unit based on information related to banding suppression processing inserted in the video stream.
- a container having a predetermined format having a video stream is received by the receiving unit.
- the video stream includes encoded image data and information related to banding suppression processing of the image data.
- the video data is obtained by decoding the video stream by the decoding unit.
- the processing unit performs banding suppression processing on the decoded image data.
- the control unit controls the processing unit based on the information related to the banding suppression process inserted in the video stream.
- the information related to the banding suppression process includes information indicating whether the banding suppression process should be performed on the image data and information indicating whether the banding suppression process is performed on the image data.
- the banding suppression process for the decoded image data is controlled based on the information on the banding suppression process of the image data inserted in the video stream. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately perform the banding suppression process.
- a receiving unit for receiving a container in a predetermined format having a video stream including encoded image data; A decoding unit for decoding the video stream to obtain image data; A processing unit that performs banding suppression processing on the decoded image data; When the displayable gradation number in the display unit for displaying the image based on the decoded image data is different from the bit number of the image data in the video stream, banding suppression processing is performed on the decoded image data.
- a receiving apparatus includes a control unit that controls the processing unit.
- a container having a predetermined format having a video stream including encoded image data is received by the receiving unit.
- the video data is obtained by decoding the video stream by the decoding unit.
- the processing unit performs banding suppression processing on the decoded image data.
- the processing unit is controlled by the control unit.
- the banding suppression process is performed on the decoded image data. To be controlled. Thereby, banding suppression processing is performed appropriately.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of an image transmission / reception system 10 as an embodiment.
- the image transmission / reception system 10 includes a transmission device 100 and a reception device 200.
- the transmission device 100 configures a broadcasting station and transmits a transport stream TS as a container on a broadcast wave.
- the transport stream TS includes a video stream including encoded image data.
- Information related to banding suppression processing of image data (hereinafter referred to as “banding suppression processing information” as appropriate) is inserted into the video stream.
- this banding suppression processing information is inserted in the picture header or sequence header user data area of the video stream, for example, in units of pictures or scenes.
- This banding suppression processing information includes information indicating whether the banding suppression processing is performed on the image data and information indicating the type of the banding suppression processing.
- the banding suppression processing information includes information indicating whether banding suppression processing should be performed on the image data. Further, the banding suppression processing information includes information indicating whether the gradation number reduction processing has been performed on the image data and information indicating the gradation number before the gradation number reduction processing. Details of this banding suppression processing information will be described later.
- the receiving apparatus 200 performs banding suppression processing on the decoded image data, and generates display image data. At this time, the receiving apparatus 200 extracts the banding suppression process information inserted in the video stream, and controls the banding suppression process based on the banding suppression process information. For example, when image data is image data to be subjected to banding suppression processing, and banding suppression processing is not performed on image data, control is performed so that banding suppression processing is performed on decoded image data. To do.
- the dither addition unit 51 includes a calculation unit 61, a high pass filter (HPF) 62, a random noise output unit 63, and a coefficient setting unit 64.
- the calculation unit 61 is supplied with the pixel value IN (x, y) of the input image data in the raster scan order. Further, the output of the high pass filter 62 is supplied to the arithmetic unit 61.
- the calculation unit 61 adds the output of the high-pass filter 62 to the pixel value IN (x, y) of the input image data, and uses the resulting addition value as the pixel value F (x, y) of the dithered image data. y) is supplied to the one-dimensional ⁇ modulator 52.
- the high-pass filter 62 filters the random noise output from the random noise output unit 63 based on the filter coefficient set by the coefficient setting unit 64, and calculates the high-frequency component of the random noise obtained as a result of the filtering. To supply.
- the coefficient setting unit 64 determines the filter coefficient of the high-pass filter 62 from the spatial frequency characteristics of human vision and sets the high-pass filter 62.
- the high-pass filter 62 performs a product-sum operation or the like of the filter coefficient set by the coefficient setting unit 64 and the random noise output from the random noise output unit 63, and thereby the random noise output from the random noise output unit 63 is output. Noise is filtered to extract high frequency components. This high frequency component is supplied to the calculation unit 61.
- the N-bit pixel value IN (x, y) of the input image data and the high frequency component of random noise from the high pass filter 62 are added and obtained as a result, for example, the same as the input image data.
- the N-bit added value which is the number of bits, or an added value of more bits is supplied to the one-dimensional ⁇ modulator 52 as a dithered pixel value F (x, y).
- the one-dimensional ⁇ modulation unit 52 includes a calculation unit 71, a quantization unit 72, a calculation unit 73, a one-dimensional filter 74, and a coefficient setting unit 75.
- the pixel value F (x, y) of the dithered image data is supplied from the dither addition unit 51 to the calculation unit 71 in the raster scan order.
- the calculation unit 71 is supplied with the output of the one-dimensional filter 74.
- the calculation unit 71 adds the pixel value F (x, y) from the dither addition unit 51 and the output of the one-dimensional filter 74, and supplies the resulting addition value to the quantization unit 72 and the calculation unit 73. To do.
- the quantization unit 72 quantizes the addition value from the calculation unit 71 into M bits. Then, the quantization unit 72 converts the M-bit quantized value (quantized value including the quantization error ⁇ Q (x, y)) obtained as a result into the pixel value OUT of the output image data after the gradation number conversion. (x, y) is supplied to the encoder 103 and also supplied to the calculation unit 73.
- the coefficient setting unit 75 determines the filter coefficient of the one-dimensional filter 74 from the spatial frequency characteristics of human vision, etc., and sets it in the one-dimensional filter 74.
- the one-dimensional filter 74 performs a product-sum operation or the like of the filter coefficient set by the coefficient setting unit 75 and the quantization error -Q (x, y) output from the calculation unit 73, thereby obtaining a calculation unit.
- the quantization error ⁇ Q (x, y) output from 73 is filtered, and the high frequency component of the quantization error ⁇ Q (x, y) is extracted. This high frequency component is supplied to the calculation unit 71.
- the pixel value OUT (x, y) from the quantization unit 72 is subtracted from the added value from the calculation unit 71, and the quantum value included in the pixel value OUT (x, y) from the quantization unit 72 is subtracted.
- a conversion error -Q (x, y) is obtained.
- This quantization error ⁇ Q (x, y) is supplied to the one-dimensional filter 74.
- the quantization error ⁇ Q (x, y) from the calculation unit 73 is filtered, and the filtering result is output to the calculation unit 71.
- the result of filtering the quantization error -Q (x, y) output from the one-dimensional filter 74 and the pixel value F (x, y) are added.
- the quantization error ⁇ Q (x, y) is fed back to the input side (calculation unit 71) via the one-dimensional filter 74, so that the one-dimensional ⁇ modulation is performed. Done. Therefore, the one-dimensional ⁇ modulation unit 52 performs one-dimensional ⁇ modulation on the pixel value F (x, y) from the dither addition unit 51, and as a result of the one-dimensional ⁇ modulation, the pixel value OUT (x, y) is output.
- the quantization error ⁇ Q (x, y) is a quantization error with respect to the pixel value F (x, y), but the pixel value F (x, y) is ⁇ modulated.
- the quantization error -Q (x, y) for the pixel value F (x, y) is not used, and the pixel value F ( The quantization error for the pixel value before (x, y) (the pixel value processed earlier) is used.
- the encoder 103 applies, for example, a code such as MPEG4-AVC (MVC), MPEG2 video, or HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) to the M-bit image data output from the banding suppression processing unit 102.
- MVC MPEG4-AVC
- HEVC High Efficiency Video Coding
- the video encoder 103 generates a video stream (video elementary stream) including the encoded image data by a stream formatter (not shown) provided in the subsequent stage.
- the encoder 103 inserts banding suppression processing information into the video stream in units of pictures or scenes.
- the banding suppression processing information is supplied from the banding suppression processing unit 102, for example.
- the banding processing information includes information indicating whether banding suppression processing has been performed on the image data, information indicating the type of banding suppression processing, information indicating whether banding suppression processing should be performed on the image data, image Information indicating whether the gradation number reduction processing has been performed on the data, information indicating the number of gradations before the gradation number reduction processing, and the like are included.
- the transmission unit 104 packetizes and multiplexes other streams such as a video stream generated by the encoder 103 and an audio stream generated by an audio encoder (not shown) to generate a transport stream TS. Then, the transmission unit 104 modulates the transport stream TS with a modulation scheme suitable for broadcasting such as QPSK / OFDM, and transmits the RF modulation signal from the transmission antenna.
- a modulation scheme suitable for broadcasting such as QPSK / OFDM
- the transmission unit 104 inserts identification information indicating whether banding suppression processing information is inserted into the video stream into the layer of the transport stream TS.
- this identification information is inserted under a video elementary loop (Video ES loop) of a program map table (PMT: Program Map Table) included in the transport stream TS.
- PMT Program Map Table
- Image data output from the camera 101 is supplied to the banding suppression processing unit 102.
- banding suppression processing unit 102 gradation number reduction processing and banding suppression processing are performed according to the number of quantization bits (number of gradations).
- the banding suppression processing unit 102 converts the image data into M-bit image data and performs banding suppression processing. Bit image data is output.
- the banding suppression processing unit 102 does not perform the gradation number reduction process or the banding suppression process, and the image data output from the camera 101 remains as it is. Is output.
- the image data output from the banding suppression processing unit 102 is supplied to the encoder 103.
- the M-bit image data output from the banding suppression processing unit 102 is encoded by, for example, MPEG4-AVC (MVC), MPEG2 video, or HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding).
- MVC MPEG4-AVC
- MPEG2 video MPEG2 video
- HEVC High Efficiency Video Coding
- encoded image data is generated, and a video stream (video elementary stream) including the encoded image data is generated.
- the encoder 103 inserts banding suppression processing information into the video stream in units of pictures or scenes.
- the video stream generated by the encoder 103 is supplied to the transmission unit 104.
- other streams such as the video stream and the audio stream are packetized and multiplexed to generate a transport stream TS.
- identification information indicating whether banding suppression processing information is inserted into the video stream is inserted into the layer of the transport stream TS.
- the transport stream TS is modulated by a modulation scheme suitable for broadcasting such as QPSK / OFDM, and the RF modulation signal is transmitted from the transmission antenna.
- banding suppression processing information is inserted into the video stream.
- the banding suppression processing information is stored in the access unit (AU). Is inserted as an SEI message in the “SEIs” portion of the message.
- banding suppression processing information is inserted as a picture processing / SEI message.
- 4A shows the top access unit of a GOP (Group Of Pictures), and
- FIG. 4B shows an access unit other than the top of the GOP. Since the SEI message is encoded at a position earlier in the bitstream than the slice in which the pixel data is encoded, the receiver can quickly perform banding suppression processing on the image data based on the contents of the SEI. Control becomes possible.
- FIG. 5A shows a structure example (Syntax) of “picture processing” SEI message.
- “Uuid_iso_iec — 11578” has a UUID value indicated by “ISO / IEC 11578: 1996 Annex A.”.
- “Picture_processing_data ()” is inserted into the “user_data_payload_byte” field.
- FIG. 5B shows a structural example (Syntax) of “picture_processing_data ()”. In this, “Pictureseiprocessing_sei ()” is inserted.
- “Userdata_id” is an identifier of “Picture processing_sei ()” indicated by 16 bits without a sign.
- FIG. 6 shows a structural example (Syntax) of “Picture processing_sei ()”.
- FIG. 7 shows the contents (Semantics) of main information in the structural example shown in FIG.
- a 1-bit field of “tone_process_preferred” indicates whether or not banding suppression processing should be performed on image data. “1” indicates that banding suppression processing should be performed, that is, it is expected that image quality improvement is expected by performing banding suppression processing. “0” indicates that banding suppression processing is not required.
- the 1-bit field of “levels_scaled” indicates whether or not gradation number reduction processing has been performed on the image data. “1” indicates that gradation number reduction processing is performed. “0” indicates that the gradation number reduction process is not performed.
- a 2-bit field of “levels_before_encoding” indicates the number of gradations (bit number) before the gradation number reduction process. “00” indicates 8 bits / pixel. “01” indicates 10 bits / pixel. “10” indicates 12 bits / pixel. “11” indicates 14 bits / pixel.
- “1-bit field of“ anti_banding_processed ” indicates whether or not banding suppression processing is performed on the transmission side. “1” indicates that banding suppression processing is performed. “0” indicates that banding suppression processing is not performed.
- a 3-bit field of “banding_process_type” indicates the type of banding suppression processing. For example, “001” indicates a dither method, “010” indicates a density pattern method, and “011” indicates an error diffusion method.
- the video stream includes banding suppression processing information under the video elementary loop (Video ES loop) of the program map table (PMT) of the transport stream TS.
- the identification information indicating that is inserted.
- 1-bit field of “picture_processing_information_existed” indicates whether image processing is applied to the video layer. “1” indicates that image processing is applied to the video layer, that is, a picture processing SEI message exists in the video stream. “0” indicates that no image processing is applied to the video layer, that is, no picture processing / SEI message exists in the video stream.
- the transport stream TS includes a PMT (Program Map Table) as PSI (Program Specific Information).
- PSI Program Specific Information
- This PSI is information describing to which program each elementary stream included in the transport stream TS belongs.
- the transport stream TS includes an EIT (Event Information Table) as SI (Serviced Information) for managing events (programs).
- the PMT has a program loop that describes information related to the entire program.
- the PMT includes an elementary loop having information related to each elementary stream.
- video elementary loop information such as a stream type and a packet identifier (PID) is arranged corresponding to the video stream described above, and a descriptor describing information related to the video stream is also arranged. .
- PID packet identifier
- a picture processing descriptor (picture_processing descriptor) (see FIG. 8A) is inserted under the video elementary loop (Video ES loop) of the PMT. As described above, this descriptor indicates whether or not banding suppression processing information, that is, picture processing SEI message is inserted in the video stream.
- the banding suppression processing unit 102 also performs gradation number reduction processing.
- the gradation number reduction process may be performed before or after the banding suppression processing unit 102. In that sense, the gradation number reduction process may be performed in the encoder 103.
- the banding suppression processing in the banding suppression processing unit 102 is performed by a random dither method (see FIG. 3).
- the banding suppression process is not limited to the random dither method, and may be other methods such as a systematic dither method and an error diffusion method.
- FIG. 10 shows a configuration example of the receiving device 200.
- the receiving apparatus 200 includes a receiving unit 201, a decoder 202, a banding suppression processing unit 203, a display unit 204, and a control unit 205.
- the control unit 205 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and controls each unit of the reception device 200.
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- the decoder 202 performs a decoding process on the video stream extracted by the receiving unit 201 to generate image data. Also, the decoder 202 extracts the picture processing SEI message (picture processing SEI message) inserted in the video stream, and thus banding suppression processing information, and sends it to the control unit 205.
- picture processing SEI message picture processing SEI message
- the banding suppression processing unit 203 performs banding suppression processing on the image data output from the decoder 202 under the control of the control unit 205. Although detailed description is omitted, the banding suppression processing unit 203 is configured in the same manner as the banding suppression processing unit 102 in the transmission device 100 described above.
- the display unit 204 displays an image based on the image data output from the banding processing unit 203.
- the display unit 204 includes a display such as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).
- the control unit 205 controls the operation of the banding suppression processing unit 203 based on the banding suppression processing information and the like. For example, when the image data is image data to be subjected to banding suppression processing and the image data is not subjected to banding suppression processing, the control unit 205 performs banding suppression processing on the decoded image data. To be controlled.
- the number of bits of image data before gradation number reduction processing before encoding is the number of encoded image data bits ( ⁇ slicesdata ''). Larger than the number of bits).
- the number of bits of encoded image data is equal to or larger than the number of bits of image data after decoding (whether the decoder decodes faithfully according to the number of bits of slice data or performs simplified decoding) Dependent).
- the decoder 202 faithfully decodes the video stream, the number of bits of the encoded image data is equal to the number of bits of the image data after decoding.
- bit number of the image data before the gradation number reduction process before encoding is the first bit number
- bit number of the encoded image data is the second bit number
- bit number of the decoded image data is the first bit number. Assuming that the number of bits is 3, these relationships are expressed by the following equation (1). First bit number> second bit number ⁇ third bit number (1)
- the banding suppression processing unit 203 executes banding suppression processing under the control of the control unit 205, for example, as follows. (1) If the number of bits of the image data before the gradation number reduction process before encoding is larger than the number of bits of the encoded image data and the banding suppression process is not performed on the transmission side, the banding suppression process is executed. To do. At that time, the type of filter can be changed according to the number of bits of the image data before the gradation number reduction process before encoding.
- step ST1 the control unit 205 starts control processing, and then proceeds to processing in step ST2.
- step ST2 the control unit 205 determines whether or not banding suppression processing should be performed on the image data. The control unit 205 can make this determination based on the information of “tone_process_preferred” of the picture processing / SEI message.
- step ST10 When determining that the banding suppression process is not necessary, the control unit 205 immediately proceeds to the process of step ST10. On the other hand, when determining that the banding suppression process should be performed, the control unit 205 proceeds to the process of step ST3. In step ST3, the control unit 205 determines whether or not gradation number reduction processing has been performed. The control unit 205 can make this determination based on the “levels_scaled” information of the picture processing SEI message. When determining that the gradation number reduction process has not been performed, the control unit 205 immediately proceeds to the process of step ST10.
- control unit 205 immediately proceeds to the process of step ST10 even when no picture processing or SEI message is inserted in the video stream and this SEI message is not sent from the decoder 202.
- the control unit 205 recognizes the number of gradations that can be displayed on the monitor (display unit 204).
- the control unit 205 includes, for example, monitor function information in advance, and can be performed based on this function information.
- step ST11 the control unit 205 determines whether or not the number of tones that can be displayed on the monitor (the number of bits) differs from the number of encoded bits (the number of bits of image data in the video stream). If it is determined that they are not different, the control unit 205 immediately proceeds to step ST13 and ends the control process. In this case, the banding suppression processing unit 203 does not perform the banding suppression process and outputs the input image data as it is.
- control unit 205 when determining that they are different, causes the banding suppression processing unit 203 to execute a banding suppression process in step ST12. In this case, for example, the filter of the suppression process is switched according to the degree of difference. After the process of step ST12, the control unit 205 proceeds to step ST13 and ends the control process.
- step ST3 when determining that the gradation number reduction process has been performed in step ST3, the control unit 205 proceeds to the process of step ST4.
- step ST4 the control unit 205 recognizes the number of gradations before the gradation number reduction process.
- the control unit 205 can perform this recognition based on the information of “levels_before_encoding” of the picture processing / SEI message.
- step ST5 the control unit 205 determines whether or not banding suppression processing has been completed.
- the control unit 205 can make this determination based on the information of “anti_banding_processed_levels_before_encoding” of the picture processing / SEI message.
- the control unit 205 When determining that the banding suppression process has not been completed, the control unit 205 recognizes the number of displayable gradation levels on the monitor (display unit 204) in step ST10, and then proceeds to the process of step ST11. In step ST11, the control unit 205 determines whether or not the number of tones that can be displayed on the monitor (the number of bits) differs from the number of encoded bits (the number of bits of image data in the video stream). If it is determined that they are not different, the control unit 205 immediately proceeds to step ST13 and ends the control process. In this case, the banding suppression processing unit 203 does not perform the banding suppression process and outputs the input image data as it is.
- the control unit 205 when determining that they are different, causes the banding suppression processing unit 203 to execute a banding suppression process in step ST12.
- the filter of the suppression process is switched according to the degree of difference.
- the type of filter is changed according to the number of gradations before the gradation number reduction process recognized in step ST4.
- the control unit 205 proceeds to step ST13 and ends the control process.
- step ST11 the control unit 205 determines whether the monitor displayable gradation number (bit number) is different from the encoded bit number (bit number of image data in the video stream). If it is determined that they are not different, the control unit 205 immediately proceeds to step ST13 and ends the control process. In this case, the banding suppression processing unit 203 does not perform the banding suppression process and outputs the input image data as it is.
- the control unit 205 causes the banding suppression processing unit 203 to execute a banding suppression process in step ST12.
- the filter of the suppression process is switched according to the degree of difference.
- the type of filter is changed according to the number of gradations before the gradation number reduction process recognized in step ST4.
- the filter of the suppression process is switched according to the number of bits after decoding recognized in step ST7 and the number of displayable gradations recognized in step ST10.
- the control unit 205 proceeds to step ST13 and ends the control process.
- step ST8 when it is determined in step ST8 that they are different, the control unit 205 proceeds to the process of step ST9.
- the control unit 205 causes the banding suppression processing unit 203 to execute a reverse process of the banding suppression process performed on the transmission side, and temporarily returns to the original state where the banding process is not performed.
- the receiving unit 201 extracts a picture processing descriptor (picture_processing descriptor) (see FIG. 8A) from the transport stream TS, and sends it to the control unit 205.
- the control unit 205 recognizes whether or not banding suppression information is inserted into the video stream from the description of the descriptor.
- the decoder 202 decodes the video stream and generates image data. This image data is supplied to the banding suppression processing unit 203. Also, the decoder 202 extracts a picture processing / SEI message (picture processing SEI message) inserted in the video stream, and thus banding suppression processing information, and sends it to the control unit 205.
- a picture processing / SEI message picture processing SEI message
- the image data output from the banding suppression processing unit 203 is supplied to the display unit 204.
- the display unit 204 displays an image based on the image data.
- the receiving device 200 can appropriately perform the banding suppression process based on the banding suppression process information.
- FIG. 13 shows a configuration example of the stream distribution system 10A.
- This stream distribution system 10A is an MPEG-DASH based stream distribution system.
- N IPTV clients 13-1, 13-2,..., 13-N are connected to a DASH segment streamer 11 and a DASH MPD server 12 via a CDN (Content Delivery Network) 14.
- CDN Content Delivery Network
- the DASH segment streamer 11 generates a DASH specification stream segment (hereinafter referred to as “DASH segment”) based on media data (video data, audio data, caption data, etc.) of predetermined content, and HTTP from the IPTV client. Send segments on demand.
- DASH segment streamer 11 is a web server.
- the DASH MPD server 12 is a server that generates an MPD file for acquiring a DASH segment generated in the DASH segment streamer 11.
- the MPD file is generated based on the content metadata from the content management server (not shown in FIG. 13) and the segment address (url) generated in the DASH segment streamer 11.
- the structure of the period has information on the program (a set of synchronized video and audio data). Further, the adaptation set structure included in the period structure groups the stream selection range (representation group). In addition, the representation structure included in the adaptation set structure has information such as the encoding speed of the moving image and audio, and the audio size of the moving image.
- the segment info structure included in the representation structure has information related to video and audio segments.
- the initialization segment structure included in the segment info structure has initialization information such as a data compression method.
- the media segment structure included in the segment info structure has information such as an address for acquiring a moving image or audio segment.
- FIG. 15 shows an example of each structure included in the MPD file described above, arranged on the time axis.
- the MPD file includes two periods, and each period includes two segments.
- each period includes two adaptation sets, and each adaptation set includes two representations related to streams of the same content with different stream attributes.
- FIG. 16 shows an example of the relationship between the structures arranged hierarchically in the MPD file described above.
- a media presentation Media Presentation
- a media presentation includes a plurality of periods (Periods) separated by time intervals. For example, the first period starts from 0 seconds, the next period starts from 100 seconds, and so on.
- a period includes a plurality of representations (Representation).
- the plurality of representations include a group of representations related to video data streams having the same content with different stream attributes, for example, rates, grouped by the above-described adaptation set (AdaptationSet).
- FIG. 18 shows an example of the flow from generation of a DASH segment or DASH MPD file from content.
- Content is sent from the content management server 15 to the DASH segment streamer 11.
- the DASH segment streamer 11 generates a DASH segment for each data stream based on video data, audio data, and the like that constitute the content.
- the HTTP access unit 132 requests the DASH segment streamer 11 for a moving image or audio segment used for moving image reproduction.
- a stream having the optimum image size and encoding speed is selected. For example, in a first stage, a segment of a stream having a low encoding rate (rate) is requested, and when a communication condition is good, a segment of a stream having a high encoding rate (rate) is requested.
- FIG. 20 shows a general DASH-based stream distribution system. Both the DASH MPD file and the DASH segment are distributed via a CDN (Content Delivery Network) 14.
- the CDN 14 has a configuration in which a plurality of cache servers (DASH cache servers) are arranged in a network.
- the cache server receives an HTTP request for acquiring an MPD file from the IPTV client 13. If the cache server is in the local MPD cache, it returns an HTTP response to the IPTV client 13. If the cache server is not in the local MPD cache, the cache server transfers the request to the DASHSMPD server 12 or a higher-level cache server. The cache server receives the HTTP response in which the MPD file is stored, transfers the HTTP response to the IPTV client 13, and performs a cache process.
- the DASH segment delivered to the IPTV client 13-1 that originally issued the HTTP request is temporarily cached in the path cache server, and the subsequent HTTP request from the other IPTV client 13-2 is received. Is delivered its cached DASH segment. Therefore, it is possible to improve the delivery efficiency of HTTP streaming for the majority of IPTV clients.
- the transmission apparatus according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the information related to the banding suppression process includes information indicating whether the number of gradations is reduced on the image data.
- the information related to the banding suppression process includes information indicating the number of gradations before the gradation number reduction process.
- the information insertion unit The transmission device according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein information related to the banding suppression process is inserted into the video stream in units of pictures or scenes.
- the information processing apparatus according to any one of (1) to (7), further including an identification information insertion unit that inserts identification information indicating whether information related to the banding suppression process is inserted into the video stream in the container layer. The transmitting device described.
- the main feature of the present technology is that banding suppression processing information (picture processing) including information indicating whether banding suppression processing should be performed on the image data, information indicating whether banding suppression processing is performed on the image data, or the like in the video stream.
- banding suppression processing information including information indicating whether banding suppression processing should be performed on the image data, information indicating whether banding suppression processing is performed on the image data, or the like in the video stream.
- the main feature of the present technology is that when the displayable gradation number in the display unit that displays the image based on the decoded image data and the bit number of the image data in the video stream are different, the decoded image data By performing the banding suppression process, the banding suppression process is appropriately performed on the receiving side (see FIG. 12).
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Abstract
Description
符号化画像データを含むビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを送信する送信部と、
上記ビデオストリームに、上記画像データのバンディング抑制処理に関する情報を挿入する情報挿入部とを備える
送信装置にある。
符号化画像データを含み、画像データのバンディング抑制処理に関する情報が挿入されているビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを受信する受信部と、
上記ビデオストリームをデコードして画像データを得るデコード部と、
上記デコード後の画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理を施す処理部と、
上記ビデオストリームに挿入されているバンディング抑制処理に関する情報に基づいて、上記処理部を制御する制御部とを備える
受信装置にある。
符号化画像データを含むビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを受信する受信部と、
上記ビデオストリームをデコードして画像データを得るデコード部と、
上記デコード後の画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理を施す処理部と、
上記デコード後の画像データによる画像を表示する表示部における表示可能階調数と上記ビデオストリームにおける画像データのビット数とが異なるとき、上記デコード後の画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理が施されるように上記処理部を制御する制御部とを備える
受信装置にある。
1.実施の形態
2.変形例
[画像送受信システム]
図1は、実施の形態としての画像送受信システム10の構成例を示している。この画像送受信システム10は、送信装置100および受信装置200により構成されている。送信装置100は、例えば、放送局を構成し、コンテナとしてのトランスポートストリームTSを放送波に載せて送信する。
図2は、送信装置100の構成例を示している。この送信装置100は、カメラ101と、バンディング抑制処理部102と、エンコーダ103と、送信部104を有している。カメラ101は、被写体を撮像して画像データを出力する。バンディング抑制処理部102は、カメラ101から出力される画像データに対し、その量子化ビット数(階調数)に応じて、階調数低下処理とバンディング抑制処理を行う。
上述したように、ビデオストリームに、バンディング抑制処理情報が挿入される。例えば、符号化方式がMPEG4-AVCである場合、または、HEVCのような、NALパケットなどの符号化構造が似通っている符号化方式である場合、このバンディング抑制処理情報は、アクセスユニット(AU)の“SEIs”の部分に、SEIメッセージとして挿入される。
図10は、受信装置200の構成例を示している。この受信装置200は、受信部201と、デコーダ202と、バンディング抑制処理部203と、表示部204と、制御部205を有している。制御部205は、CPU(Central Processing Unit)を備え、受信装置200の各部を制御する。
第1のビット数>第2のビット数≧第3のビット数 ・・・(1)
(1)エンコード前の階調数低下処理前の画像データのビット数がエンコードされている画像データのビット数より大きく、かつ送信側でバンディング抑制処理が行われていない場合、バンディング抑制処理を実行する。その際、エンコード前の階調数低下処理前の画像データのビット数に応じて、フィルタの種類を変えることが可能である。
(3)デコード後の画像データのビット数と表示可能なビット数とが異なる場合、異なる度合いに応じて、抑制処理のフィルタを切り換える。
なお、上述実施の形態においては、コンテナがトランスポートストリーム(MPEG-2 TS)である例を示した。しかし、本技術は、インターネット等のネットワークを利用して受信端末に配信される構成のシステムにも同様に適用できる。インターネットの配信では、MP4やそれ以外のフォーマットのコンテナで配信されることが多い。
(1)符号化画像データを含むビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを送信する送信部と、
上記ビデオストリームに、上記画像データのバンディング抑制処理に関する情報を挿入する情報挿入部とを備える
送信装置。
(2)上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報には、上記画像データにバンディング抑制処理が施されているかを示す情報が含まれる
前記(1)に記載の送信装置。
(3)上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報には、上記画像データに施されるバンディング抑制処理の種類を表す情報が含まれる
前記(2)に記載の送信装置。
(4)上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報には、上記画像データにバンディング抑制処理をすべきかを示す情報が含まれる
前記(1)から(3)のいずれかに記載の送信装置。
(5)上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報には、上記画像データに階調数低下処理が施されているかを示す情報が含まれる
前記(1)から(4)のいずれかに記載の送信装置。
(6)上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報には、上記階調数低下処理前の階調数を示す情報が含まれる
前記(5)に記載の送信装置。
(7)上記情報挿入部は、
上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報を、上記ビデオストリームに、ピクチャ単位あるいはシーン単位で挿入する
前記(1)から(6)のいずれかに記載の送信装置。
(8)上記コンテナのレイヤに、上記ビデオストリームに上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報が挿入されているかを示す識別情報を挿入する識別情報挿入部をさらに備える
前記(1)から(7)のいずれかに記載の送信装置。
(9)上記コンテナはトランスポートストリームであり、
上記識別情報挿入部は、上記識別情報を、上記トランスポートストリームに含まれるプログラム・マップ・テーブルのビデオエレメンタリ・ループの配下に挿入する
前記(8)に記載の送信装置。
(10)上記送信部は、受信側からの要求に応じて、上記所定フォーマットのコンテナを送信する
前記(1)から(9)のいずれかに記載の送信装置。
(11)符号化画像データを含むビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを送信するステップと、
上記ビデオストリームに、上記画像データのバンディング抑制処理に関する情報を挿入するステップとを備える
送信方法。
(12)符号化画像データを含み、画像データのバンディング抑制処理に関する情報が挿入されているビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを受信する受信部と、
上記ビデオストリームをデコードして画像データを得るデコード部と、
上記デコード後の画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理を施す処理部と、
上記ビデオストリームに挿入されているバンディング抑制処理に関する情報に基づいて、上記処理部を制御する制御部とを備える
受信装置。
(13)上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報には、上記画像データにバンディング抑制処理をすべきかを示す情報および上記画像データにバンディング抑制処理が施されているかを示す情報が含まれており、
上記制御部は、上記画像データがバンディング抑制処理をすべき画像データであって、上記画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理が施されていないとき、上記デコード後の画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理が施されるように制御する
前記(12)に記載の受信装置。
(14)符号化画像データを含み、画像データのバンディング抑制処理に関する情報が挿入されているビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを受信するステップと、
上記ビデオストリームをデコードして画像データを得るステップと、
上記デコード後の画像データに対して、上記ビデオストリームに挿入されているバンディング抑制処理に関する情報に基づいて、バンディング抑制処理を施すステップとを備える
受信方法。
(15)符号化画像データを含むビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを受信する受信部と、
上記ビデオストリームをデコードして画像データを得るデコード部と、
上記デコード後の画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理を施す処理部と、
上記デコード後の画像データによる画像を表示する表示部における表示可能階調数と上記ビデオストリームにおける画像データのビット数とが異なるとき、上記デコード後の画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理が施されるように上記処理部を制御する制御部とを備える
受信装置。
10A・・・ストリーム配信システム
11・・・DASH セグメントストリーマ
12・・・DASH MPDサーバ
13,13-1~13-N・・・IPTVクライアント
14・・・CDN
15・・・コンテンツマネジメントサーバ
61,71,73・・・演算部
62・・・ハイパスフィルタ
63・・・ランダムノイズ出力部
64,75・・・係数設定部
72・・・量子化部
74・・・1次フィルタ
100・・・送信装置
101・・・カメラ
102・・・バンディング抑制処理部
103・・・エンコーダ
131・・・ストリーミングデータ制御部
132・・・HTTPアクセス部
133・・・動画再生部
104・・・送信部
200・・・受信装置
201・・・受信部
202・・・デコーダ
203・・・バンディング抑制処理部
204・・・表示部
205・・・制御部
Claims (15)
- 符号化画像データを含むビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを送信する送信部と、
上記ビデオストリームに、上記画像データのバンディング抑制処理に関する情報を挿入する情報挿入部とを備える
送信装置。 - 上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報には、上記画像データにバンディング抑制処理が施されているかを示す情報が含まれる
請求項1に記載の送信装置。 - 上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報には、上記画像データに施されるバンディング抑制処理の種類を表す情報が含まれる
請求項2に記載の送信装置。 - 上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報には、上記画像データにバンディング抑制処理をすべきかを示す情報が含まれる
請求項1に記載の送信装置。 - 上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報には、上記画像データに階調数低下処理が施されているかを示す情報が含まれる
請求項1に記載の送信装置。 - 上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報には、上記階調数低下処理前の階調数を示す情報が含まれる
請求項5に記載の送信装置。 - 上記情報挿入部は、
上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報を、上記ビデオストリームに、ピクチャ単位あるいはシーン単位で挿入する
請求項1に記載の送信装置。 - 上記コンテナのレイヤに、上記ビデオストリームに上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報が挿入されているかを示す識別情報を挿入する識別情報挿入部をさらに備える
請求項1に記載の送信装置。 - 上記コンテナはトランスポートストリームであり、
上記識別情報挿入部は、上記識別情報を、上記トランスポートストリームに含まれるプログラム・マップ・テーブルのビデオエレメンタリ・ループの配下に挿入する
請求項8に記載の送信装置。 - 上記送信部は、受信側からの要求に応じて、上記所定フォーマットのコンテナを送信する
請求項1に記載の送信装置。 - 符号化画像データを含むビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを送信するステップと、
上記ビデオストリームに、上記画像データのバンディング抑制処理に関する情報を挿入するステップとを備える
送信方法。 - 符号化画像データを含み、画像データのバンディング抑制処理に関する情報が挿入されているビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを受信する受信部と、
上記ビデオストリームをデコードして画像データを得るデコード部と、
上記デコード後の画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理を施す処理部と、
上記ビデオストリームに挿入されているバンディング抑制処理に関する情報に基づいて、上記処理部を制御する制御部とを備える
受信装置。 - 上記バンディング抑制処理に関する情報には、上記画像データにバンディング抑制処理をすべきかを示す情報および上記画像データにバンディング抑制処理が施されているかを示す情報が含まれており、
上記制御部は、上記画像データがバンディング抑制処理をすべき画像データであって、上記画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理が施されていないとき、上記デコード後の画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理が施されるように制御する
請求項12に記載の受信装置。 - 符号化画像データを含み、画像データのバンディング抑制処理に関する情報が挿入されているビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを受信するステップと、
上記ビデオストリームをデコードして画像データを得るステップと、
上記デコード後の画像データに対して、上記ビデオストリームに挿入されているバンディング抑制処理に関する情報に基づいて、バンディング抑制処理を施すステップとを備える
受信方法。 - 符号化画像データを含むビデオストリームを有する所定フォーマットのコンテナを受信する受信部と、
上記ビデオストリームをデコードして画像データを得るデコード部と、
上記デコード後の画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理を施す処理部と、
上記デコード後の画像データによる画像を表示する表示部における表示可能階調数と上記ビデオストリームにおける画像データのビット数とが異なるとき、上記デコード後の画像データに対してバンディング抑制処理が施されるように上記処理部を制御する制御部とを備える
受信装置。
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EP13861777.4A EP2934014A4 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2013-12-04 | TRANSMISSION DEVICE, TRANSMISSION METHOD, RECEPTION DEVICE AND RECEIVER METHOD |
KR1020157014745A KR20150094619A (ko) | 2012-12-13 | 2013-12-04 | 송신 장치, 송신 방법, 수신 장치 및 수신 방법 |
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JP2014552002A JP6305934B2 (ja) | 2012-12-13 | 2013-12-04 | 送信装置、送信方法、受信装置および受信方法 |
CN201380063894.2A CN104854872B (zh) | 2012-12-13 | 2013-12-04 | 发送装置、传输方法、接收装置以及接收方法 |
BR112015013203A BR112015013203A2 (pt) | 2012-12-13 | 2013-12-04 | dispositivos e métodos de transmissão e de recepção |
US14/440,461 US9979985B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2013-12-04 | Transmission device, transmitting method, reception device, and receiving method |
RU2015121698A RU2651241C2 (ru) | 2012-12-13 | 2013-12-04 | Передающее устройство, способ передачи, приемное устройство и способ приема |
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KR20150094619A (ko) | 2015-08-19 |
JPWO2014091984A1 (ja) | 2017-01-12 |
CN104854872A (zh) | 2015-08-19 |
US9979985B2 (en) | 2018-05-22 |
SG11201504459QA (en) | 2015-07-30 |
BR112015013203A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
CN104854872B (zh) | 2018-07-20 |
EP2934014A1 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
US20150281740A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
RU2015121698A (ru) | 2016-12-27 |
EP2934014A4 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
JP6305934B2 (ja) | 2018-04-04 |
RU2651241C2 (ru) | 2018-04-18 |
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