Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
  • A61F13/10—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads specially adapted for fingers, hands or arms; Finger-stalls; Nail-protectors
  • A61F13/104—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads specially adapted for fingers, hands or arms; Finger-stalls; Nail-protectors for the hands or fingers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
  • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
  • A61F13/84—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
  • A61P7/04—Antihaemorrhagics; Procoagulants; Haemostatic agents; Antifibrinolytic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
  • A61F2013/00361—Plasters
  • A61F2013/00365—Plasters use
  • A61F2013/00463—Plasters use haemostatic

Definitions

• the present invention relates to medical devices for hemostasis.
• the invention relates to hemostatic gloves and methods of use thereof.
• Tourniquets An alternative to manual pressure is the use of a tourniquet. While utilization of strap style tourniquets have been widely accepted for military field care for centuries, these devices present a number of disadvantages. They must be applied with sufficient constricting force to cause ischemia distal of the site of application. The induced ischemia is both exceedingly painful to the victim and is a common cause of soft tissue and neurological damage to these body parts if left on too long. Tourniquets are slow and difficult to maneuver and place around the extremity. They are limited in its application by how proximal they can be placed on a limb and do not address major junctional bleeding in the groin or axilla (where larger blood vessels run) or other areas of the body (trunk, neck, scalp, etc).
• Packing wounds with conventional field dressings have been used for centuries by military and civilian trauma personnel to slow or stop bleeding. Pressure on the wound immediately at the point of injury with pressure dressings and/or packed field dressings can minimize bleeding by distributing pressure evenly over the wound to achieve hemostasis, as well as by decreasing dead space into which blood can accumulate.
• Multilayered woven and non-woven fabric or all-purpose wound pads such as gauze pads of various forms of cotton and other cellulose-type material, absorb significant volumes of blood, and act like a sponge.
• blood clotting materials are generally known, and are typically in the form of a powder or a fine particulate in which the surface area of the material concentrates clotting factors and leads to hemostasis.
• Undesirable side effects can occur, as the powders can produce an exothermic reaction upon the application of the material to blood. Oftentimes excess material is unnecessarily poured onto a wound, which can exacerbate the exothermic effects.
• the resulting exothermia may be sufficient to cause discomfort to or even burn the patient; they can also lead to migration of the powder into the vasculature risking clots/emboli away from the wound site.
• hemostatic dressings have become a method of choice, for insertion into wounds to accelerate the clotting process in situ.
• the dressing acts as a scaffold to initiate clotting and increase clot adhesion to bandage fiber surfaces at the wound site.
• Several hemostatic dressings have been developed that accelerate the production of a stable clot through the clotting cascade.
• dressings that contain a high concentration of human clotting factors.
• gauze bandages wound in a roll or cut into sheets
• mineral agents causing water absorption from the blood to the mineral to concentrate clotting factors.
• gauze bandages wound in a roll or cut into sheets
• thrombogenic polysaccharide polymer capable of attracting negatively charged blood cells to the bandage to inducing clotting.
• Hemostatic dressings have several disadvantages. First is cost; many of these agents are proteins in the "clotting chain," such as, fibrinogen, thrombin, Factor VIII and the like. The cost of products made from these products are very high. Second, certain bandages can be of limited use in wet conditions (e.g. clays), since once the bandage gets wet, the active ingredient is unable to concentrate clotting factors, thereby reducing the clotting potential.
• Gloves come in many varieties; each designed to protect a person's hand from some sort of hazard without overly impairing the person's manual dexterity.
• latex gloves protect health care providers such as combat medics and EMT personnel from external contamination while allowing them to handle small, delicate surgical tools, and also prevent the patient from being contaminated by microorganisms on the hands of the health care provider.
• Bandage gloves are known in the art, and are primarily used for treatment of fingers and hands that can suffer a variety of ailments and injuries such as blisters, arthritis, hand burns, and the like. Examples of such are cloth-like wraps and finger sleeves that have been developed to be placed around an ailing joint to provide warmth and support.
• a moisturizing glove in which a middle layer saturated with lotion, an exterior layer of non-porous material, and an inner layer having multiple pores, creates a cavity for receiving and enveloping a hand.
• a silver bandage e.g. Silverlon
• a glove is formed into a glove and is applied to protect and treat hand burns/wounds from infection.
• the art fails to describe or suggest a use of gloves to provide external hemostasis treatment, wherein the gloves are worn by the caregiver to treat or provide therapeutic needs.
• What is desirable is a method to reduce blood loss during/after trauma that mimics the action of manual pressure applied by a first responder, but also mimics the last step of the physiological coagulation mechanism through the use of an adsorbed hemostatic agent to stop bleeding.
• a device designed for use in a field environment that can be applied immediately to a wound to stop bleeding is desirable.
• the present invention relates to a hemostatic glove device for promoting hemostasis at or within a wound site.
• the glove device of the present disclosure is designed to accelerate clotting and staunch bleeding concurrent with manually applied pressure at a wound site.
• the present disclosure provides a hemostatic glove adapted to be worn by a user.
• the glove includes an absorbent fabric layer having a hemostatic agent impregnated or disposed on the fabric layer.
• the glove may further include an interior elastomeric layer forming a fluid barrier to protect the user from contact with fluid from the wound site.
• the absorbent fabric layer is seperable from the interior elastomeric layer such the fabric layer may be removed from the user's hand and used to pack the wound.
• the present disclosure provides a method for promoting hemostasis in a wound of a patient.
• the method includes (a) contacting the wound with a hemostatic glove of the present invention; and (b) applying manual pressure on or within the wound to limit egress of fluid from the wound, thereby promoting hemostasis in the wound.
• the method may further include separating the absorbent layer from the elastomeric layer and removing the absorbent layer from the user's hand and using the absorbent layer to pack the wound.
• the present disclosure provides a kit.
• the kit may include a hemostatic glove of the present disclosure and instructions for promoting hemostasis in a wound of a patient using the glove.
• Figure 1 is a view of a glove in one embodiment of the disclosure.
• Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the glove of Figure 1 at line A-A of Figure 1.
• the invention relates to a hemostatic glove device.
• all terms not defined herein have their common art-recognized meanings.
• the following description is of a specific embodiment or a particular use of the invention, it is intended to be illustrative only, and not limiting of the claimed invention.
• the following description is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents that are included in the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims.
• the invention addresses critical aspects of field care, providing point of injury care that will have significant impact on acute events as well as improve outcome late into the time course of treatment and recovery. It is therefore advantageous to provide a means of combining the advantages of applying a hemostatic dressing along with applying a glove to a wound to perform traditional manual pressure to introduce hemostatic agents to reduce blood loss.
• the invention exploits the tendencies of first responders or medics to use manual pressure for immediate care. Most medics quickly grab at an open wound as a first response to apply manual pressure.
• the present invention is a solution that integrates a medical hemostatic glove which may be adapted to tightly conform over a donned surgical glove or itself include an interior surgical glove.
• the glove of the present disclosure is immediately accessible and can be applied over surgical gloves within seconds and subsequently acts as a hemostatic bandage.
• the hemostatic glove may be used to pack into a wound for contact hemostasis, wherein an absorbent fabric layer of the glove having a hemostasis agent can be removed from the caregiver's hands and temporarily inserted into the wound.
• a “user” or “wearer” refers to a human.
• a “hand” is the terminal part of the human arm located below the forearm consisting of the wrist, palm, four fingers, and an opposable thumb.
• a hemostatic glove (2) of the present invention is illustrated.
• the medical glove (2) is sized to fit a wearer's hand.
• the glove (2) has a closed end (4) and an open end (6).
• the open end (6) of the glove (2) provides an entry point for the wearer's hand.
• an interior cavity that is sized for the wearer's hand is defined by the inner surface of the glove.
• the glove (2) can be right handed, left handed, or ambidextrous.
• the glove (2) can be considered to have two "sides" with one side being adjacent to a palm of the wearer's hand (hereinafter the palm side) and the other side being adjacent to the back of the wearer's hand (hereinafter the back side).
• the glove body (16) includes five fingers (18) at the closed end (4) of the glove (2).
• the five fingers (18) enclose the four fingers and thumb of the wearer's hand.
• the glove body (16) encloses the wearer's hand.
• the glove body (16) encloses the wearer's hand and at least a portion of the wearer's forearm adjacent to the hand.
• one embodiment of the hemostatic glove is configured with an exterior absorbent fabric layer having a hemostatic agent impregnated or disposed on the fabric layer.
• the glove may be donned as an outer layer over a user's hand already having a surgical glove on it.
• the hemostatic glove is configured with an interior elastomeric layer which forms a fluid barrier to protect the user from fluid.
• the glove may include an outer absorbent fabric layer (20) having a hemostatic agent which is disposed over an interior elastomeric layer (22).
• the exterior fabric layer provides for absorption of fluid and hemostasis while the interior elastomeric layer provides a barrier to contact with body fluids thereby preventing exposure to pathogens or other bio hazards to preventing transmission of disease or contaminants.
• the elastomeric layer is composed of, but not limited to, latex, rubber, nitrile, neoprene, vinyl, and combinations thereof.
• the absorbent fabric layer is woven, non-woven or a combination thereof.
• the type of fabric, thickness of the fabric, number of layers, as well as the type of hemostatic agent used may be adjusted as desired for a particular clinical application. It is envisioned that a wide variety of fabrics may be utilized, especially those that are conventionally used to fabricate bandages.
• Fabric with the following characteristics are envisioned: those of sufficient absorbancy for use on heavily bleeding wounds; those capable of significantly slowing blood flow from the wound site by applied pressure at the wound vessel/dressing interface; those that do not shed fibers nor leach out hemostatic substances into the wound cavity or corresponding vessels; and those that are not chemically unsuitable for use as a first aid dressing, for example those that leave a residue in the wound that needs to be cleaned out after use.
• the fabric may be composed of one or more different types of fibers, including synthetic or naturally derived fibers.
• fibers for use in the present invention may include, but are not limited to, glass, such as fiberglass; silk fibers; polyester fibers; nylon fibers; ceramic fibers; polysaccharide fibers including plant fibers such as raw or regenerated (e.g., chemically processed) bamboo, cotton, rayon, linen, ramie, jute, sisal, flax, soybean, corn, hemp, and lyocel; animal fibers such as wool; lactide and/or glycolide polymers; lactide/glycolide copolymers; silicate fibers; polyamide fibers; feldspar fibers; zeolite fibers, zeolite-containing fibers; acetate fibers; plant fibers that have been genetically engineered to express mammalian coagulation proteins or mammalian vasoactive factors.
• fibers that are suitable for use in the present invention are fibers that have been covalently modified with polymers to promote water absorbancy (e.g., polyvinyl alcohols) and polymers that contain molecular moieties that activate hemostatic systems (e.g., linear or cyclized-arginine-glycine-aspartate-moieties such as those found in eptifibatide).
• fibers include plant fibers such as raw or regenerated (e.g., chemically processed) bamboo fibers, cotton fibers, and the like, that have high moisture absorbancy and that are capable of activating the intrinsic coagulation cascade.
• the fibers may be prepared using conventional methods, including ring, open end (OE), rotor, or air jet spinning, and may have counts ranging from 1/1 to 100/1 Ne.
• the fibers may be used singly, or in combinations of two, three, four, or more in a blended or plied state.
• any type of combination of fibers may be used.
• two or more fibers may be individually produced and then blended or plied together to form a composite yarn.
• the fibers may be formed as a conjugate comprising blocks of the selected types of fibers, for example alternating blocks of polyesters and polysaccharides.
• the fibers may be formed as a homogeneous combination of different threads.
• the absorbent fiber layer includes one or more hemostatic agents which may be impregnated or coat the fiber layer.
• the hemostatic agent may be applied to the entire layer such that it is disposed over the entire glove, or alternatively be disposed at discrete locations on the fiber layer, for example, on the palm or finger regions.
• hemostatic agents that may be used include biological and chemical agents, without limitation, procoagulant enzymes, proteins and peptides, either naturally occurring, recombinant, or synthetic.
• Some hemostatic agents include, rehydrated lyophilized
• RL platelets RL blood cells, prothrombin, thrombin, fibrinogen, fibrin, fibronectin, Factor
• Willebrand Factor collagen, elastin, gelatin, synthetic peptides having hemostatic activity, clays, chitosan, polyacrylamides, chemically modified cellulose, derivatives of the above and any combination thereof, other coagulation cofactors such as components of animal venom, such as reptilase, or vasoactive agents such as endothelins, thromboxanes, nitrous oxide (NO) scavengers, or combinations thereof.
• these factors, or any of the factors listed above may be in a dry or liquid form when incorporated into the fabric layer of the invention.
• the preferred amount of hemostatic agent in the fabric layer of the invention ranges from about 0.01% by weight to about 10%> by weight, based on the total weight of the dry fabric layer.
• amounts of hemostatic agent included in the fabric layer of the invention range from about 0.05%> by weight to about 7% by weight, or from about 0.1 % by weight to about 5% by weight, all based on the total weight of the dry fabric layer.
• additional therapeutic agents may be included in the fiber layer of the glove.
• agents include, for example, anti-fibrinolytics, wound healing agents, antibacterial agents, antimicrobial agents, growth factors, analgesic and anesthetic agents for treatment.
• Therapeutic agents that may be included in the fabric layer of the invention include skin conditioners such as aloe vera, vitamin E, coenzyme Q, collagen, and the like; anti-inflammatory agents such as aspirin, ibuprofen, acetominophen, vitamin C, COX-2 inhibitors, steroids, and the like; analgesics such as lidocaine, tetrocaine, opiates, cocaine, antihistamines, and the like; antimicrobial or antifungal agents such as bacitracin, silver salts, iodide, and the like; vasoconstrictors such as epinepherine, norepinephrine, vasopressin, hemoglobin, endothelins, thromboxanes, NO scavengers, and the like; growth factors such as MMP inhibitors, PDGF, and the like; anti- scar agents such as IL-11, anti-kheloid compounds, and the like; cauterizing agents that undergo an exothermic reaction upon
• the glove may be rapidly applied, taking only a few seconds to properly position for donning the gloves over the user's hands. Additionally, the fabric layer of the glove must be rapidly separable from the elastomeric layer for insertion into a wound after removal from the user's hand. In some embodiments, the glove includes one or more pull tabs integrated into the fabric layer to assist with one-handed removal of the fabric layer. In some embodiments, the fabric layer and elastomeric layer are releasably coupled to one another via an adhesive, velcro, heat bonding, stitching, or combination thereof. [0046] As discussed herein, the hemostatic glove further provides a method for promoting hemostasis in a wound of a patient.
• the wound is contacted with the glove.
• the caregiver simultaneously applies manual pressure on or within the wound to limit egress of fluid from the wound, thereby promoting hemostasis in the wound.
• the method may further include separating the absorbent layer from the elastomeric layer and removing the absorbent layer from the user's hand and using the absorbent layer to pack the wound. Additionally, the user may apply a wound clamp to the wound.
• the glove may include grips positioned in the finger and palm region.
• Such grips may be composed of latex, rubber, plastic or similar material to reduce slippage while applying manual pressure, especially when the device is covered with fluid such as blood.
• the following is an illustrative use of the hemostatic glove in which manual pressure and bandage contact is provided at the same time.
• the user's finger or palm is applied to the external wound surface, the internal wound surface, or the skin edges to seal the affected vessel with manual pressure.
• When such pressure is applied to stem the blood flow and create a blood clot there would be a reduction in the speed and amount of fluid egress. It also creates the conditions for a static blood being present in the fabric layer of the glove present in/near the wound, increasing the chance of clotting and strengthening the wound site. If an increase in pressure is required due to an amount of leakage from the wound, an increase in manual pressure from the finger or palm will further reduce flow from the affected vessel and further increase the chance of clotting.
• Each finger can generate adjustable pressure to keep the vessel closed.
• hemostatic agent Contemplated herein is application of hemostatic agent to the fiber layer in the finger and palm regions of the glove, by a chemical means so as to keep the hemostatic agent from going into the body of the patient and causing clotting complications.
• adhered hemostatic agents that do not cause thrombotic complications in the body may be used.
• a hemostatic agent that is not adhered to the surface of the fabric layer and that does not cause thrombotic complications in the body may be utilized.
• the fiber layer be disposed completely over the hand of the user, or alternatively only over one or more portions of the user's hand, such as a single finger.
• a nose bleed may be treated using an embodiment of the device wherein the fabric layer is only disposed over a single finger.
• the present disclosure provides a kit.
• the kit may include a hemostatic glove of the present disclosure and instructions for promoting hemostasis in a wound of a patient using the glove.
• the kit may further include additional medical devices, such as wound clamps, needles and the like, as well as reagents commonly utilized in medical procedures.
• a gauze-gloved finger dampened so as not to stick to the tissue was determined to help to stabilize slippery tissue, such as the tongue.
• Sterile water was used to moisten the index finger and thumb of the gauze glove.
• the tongue of a porcine model was grasped with index finger and thumb and manipulated in multiple dimensions. No damage was done to the tissue, and the glove surface did not stick to or tear the tongue tissue.
• a dry gauze glove or a gauze finger cot is typically used to add and/or remove fluid agent to cut skin or another wound site.
• Wet active agent was absorbed to the fabric layer of the glove.
• a bloody wound site on an anaesthetized porcine model was treated with two fingers of the glove of the invention and the skin wound was irrigated with several milliliters of a 0.15% Chlorhexidine solution via a direct pour of ⁇ 10ml from the bottle.
• a dry finger of gauze on the prototype glove was used to collect expressed overflow fluid on the skin below the wound.
• One finger was used to spread the fluid onto a wider area of the skin than was originally covered by pouring. Instead of leaving the solution in the wound for a long period of time as is typical, the solution could be removed after only a few seconds.
• the palm and back of the glove were used to dry the skin surface volume; the dry fingers (not used to dry the wound of original fluids, nor to collect the overflow solution) were used to absorb the newly introduced solution from the internal wound area. Due to the speed of processing - including not having to take the glove off to get access to dry surfaces for drying the irrigated skin or wound pocket—the process was very timely and efficient.
• a 10% Povidone-iodine solution was used to disinfect the skin of a cadaver model at the location of a surgical incision.
• the index finger of the woven glove was introduced into the povidone-iodine solution for a few seconds, and then transferred to the skin. With mild pressure the antiseptic solution was squeezed from the finger onto the skin. The finger was moved around onto the skin area to spread the solution across the surface of the skin where the incision was performed. Upon completion, the palm was used to dry the skin and absorb the remaining solution.
• an active agent was dried onto the glove's surface and tested for transfer to a wound.
• an active therapeutic agent e.g., an antibiotic
• an active therapeutic agent can be impregnated into the outer surface of the glove of the invention by application as a fluid followed by drying, covalent bonding of the agent with the glove material, application as a dry coating, or by similar means.
• the active agent is released onto the skin or wound site when contacted with fluid (e.g., blood).
• a bleeding wound was created on an anaesthetized porcine model. Upon allowing the wound to free-bleed for only a few seconds, a finger cot was placed onto the index finger of the surgical glove wearing caregiver, and was inserted into the wound cavity to slow the bleeding. Direct pressure was applied directly to the wounded vessel for 1 minute with the index finger. The finger cot was stripped off the finger, and pressed into the wound cavity, followed by skin closure over the finger cot with a wound closure clamp. No further external blood loss from the wound was observed. After 2 minutes, upon removal of the clamp and the finger cot from the wound, bleeding from the wound site was observed to be slowed.
• a wound was also created on the thigh of a cadaver model. 2 finger cots with dried aluminum sulfate were prepared for use. Upon allowing the wound to express sterile water for only a few seconds, both finger cots were applied to the caregiver's hand and the index and third finger were inserted into the wound cavity to slow the fluid flow. Direct pressure was applied directly to the wounded vessel for 1 minute with the 2 fingers. The cots were stripped off the hand, and pressed into the wound cavity, followed by skin closure over the glove with a wound clamp. No further external fluid loss from the wound was observed.
• Absorptive capability was shown through a weight of fluid absorption into the fabric.
• a fabric containing adsorbed activated carbon was sewn into the form of a glove to form the hemostatic glove.
• a small bleeding wound was created on an anaesthetized porcine model.
• the glove was placed onto the hand of the surgical glove wearing caregiver, and was inserted onto the skin at the wound to slow the bleeding. Direct pressure was applied directly to the wounded vessel for 1 minute with the index finger. No further external blood loss from the wound was observed.
• Absorptive capability was shown through a weight of blood absorption into the fabric.
• a similar bleeding wound was created on an anaesthetized porcine model in parallel.
• the whole glove was prepared for use.
• a glove was applied to the caregiver's hand and two fingers were inserted into the wound cavity to slow the bleeding.
• Direct pressure was applied directly to the wounded vessel for 1 minute with the index and third finger.
• the glove was stripped off the hand, and pressed into the wound cavity, followed by skin closure over the glove with a wound clamp. No further external blood loss from the wound was observed.
• bleeding from the wound site was observed to be reduced. Absorptive capability was confirmed by measuring the weight of blood absorption into the fabric.
• a wound was also created on the thigh of a cadaver model. Finger cots were prepared for use. Upon allowing the wound to express sterile water for only a few seconds, a finger cot was applied to the caregiver's hand and a single index finger was inserted into the wound cavity to slow the fluid flow. Direct pressure was applied directly to the wounded vessel for 1 minute with the index finger. The cot was stripped off the hand, and pressed into the wound cavity, followed by skin closure over the glove with a wound clamp. No further external fluid loss from the wound was observed. Absorptive capability was confirmed by measuring the weight of fluid absorption into the fabric.

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• 2013
  • 2013-12-11 BR BR112015013374A patent/BR112015013374B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2013-12-11 KR KR1020157016620A patent/KR20150096426A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-12-11 WO PCT/IB2013/003165 patent/WO2014091310A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2013-12-11 JP JP2015547162A patent/JP2016512963A/ja active Pending
  • 2013-12-11 CN CN201380064259.6A patent/CN104994890B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-12-11 EP EP13861640.4A patent/EP2931322B1/en not_active Not-in-force
  • 2013-12-11 US US14/103,694 patent/US9839561B2/en active Active
  • 2013-12-11 ES ES13861640T patent/ES2710938T3/es active Active
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• 2015
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