WO2014083678A1 - 空気調和装置 - Google Patents
空気調和装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014083678A1 WO2014083678A1 PCT/JP2012/081069 JP2012081069W WO2014083678A1 WO 2014083678 A1 WO2014083678 A1 WO 2014083678A1 JP 2012081069 W JP2012081069 W JP 2012081069W WO 2014083678 A1 WO2014083678 A1 WO 2014083678A1
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- heat medium
- heat
- medium flow
- refrigerant
- flow switching
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/02—Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/85—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using variable-flow pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/06—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
- F24F3/065—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units with a plurality of evaporators or condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/006—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for two pipes connecting the outdoor side to the indoor side with multiple indoor units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
- F25B2313/0231—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units with simultaneous cooling and heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/0272—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using bridge circuits of one-way valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
- F25B2313/027—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
- F25B2313/02743—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using three four-way valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/13—Pump speed control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/23—Time delays
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2515—Flow valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an air conditioner applied to, for example, a building multi air conditioner.
- Some air conditioners have a heat source unit (outdoor unit) arranged outside the building and an indoor unit arranged inside the building, such as a multi air conditioner for buildings.
- the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit of the air conditioner radiates heat (absorbs heat) to the air supplied to the heat exchanger of the indoor unit, and heats or cools the air.
- the heated or cooled air is sent into the air-conditioning target space for heating or cooling.
- Such an air conditioner usually has a plurality of indoor spaces in a building, and accordingly includes a plurality of indoor units. Moreover, when the scale of the building is large, the refrigerant pipe connecting the outdoor unit and the indoor unit may be 100 m. When the length of the pipe connecting the outdoor unit and the indoor unit is long, the amount of refrigerant charged in the refrigerant circuit increases accordingly.
- the indoor unit of a building multi-air conditioner is usually placed and used in an indoor space where people are present (for example, an office space, a living room, a store, etc.). If for some reason the refrigerant leaks from the indoor unit placed in the indoor space, depending on the type of refrigerant, it may be flammable or toxic, which may be a problem from the perspective of human impact and safety There is. Moreover, even if it is a refrigerant
- the air conditioner is adopted as a secondary loop
- the primary loop is made of a refrigerant
- non-hazardous water or brine is used for the secondary loop to air-condition a space where people are present
- the control of the three-way valve and the flow rate adjustment valve in the heat medium circuit is performed by a valve control circuit including a microcontroller.
- This valve control circuit cannot drive a plurality of valve devices simultaneously, and sends a drive signal to the valve device with a time difference.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an air-conditioning apparatus that can control the valve drive cost and can operate the flow path of the heat medium. .
- An air conditioner includes a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, a plurality of expansion devices, a refrigerant side flow path of a plurality of heat exchangers between heat media, and a plurality of refrigerant flow switching devices that switch circulation paths.
- a refrigerant circulation circuit that circulates the heat source side refrigerant by connecting with piping, a pump, a plurality of use side heat exchangers, a plurality of heat medium flow switching devices, a plurality of heat medium flow control devices, and a heat exchanger between heat media
- a heat medium circulation circuit that circulates a heat medium by connecting the heat medium side flow path with a heat medium pipe, a heat medium flow switching device connected to one use side heat exchanger, and a plurality of heat medium flow control devices
- an operation control means for performing control so as to perform the heat medium flow control device of the other use side heat exchanger after performing the opening operation, and the operation control means includes a plurality of heat medium flow switching devices and a plurality of heat exchangers.
- the pump drive start timing is later than the start of operation of the medium flow control device And having a function of controlling the pump so.
- the air conditioner of the present invention it is possible to shorten the drive of the pump and the switching of the heat medium flow path while suppressing the increase in the pressure of the heat medium with an inexpensive apparatus that minimizes the operation control means. it can.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of an air conditioner of the present invention, and an installation example of the air conditioner 100 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the air conditioner 100 has a refrigeration cycle for circulating refrigerant, and each of the indoor units 2a to 2d can freely select a cooling mode or a heating mode as an operation mode.
- the air conditioner 100 is a single refrigerant such as R-22, R-32, and R-134a, a pseudo-azeotropic mixed refrigerant such as R-410A and R-404A, and a non-azeotropic mixture such as R-407C.
- Refrigerant refrigerant having a relatively low global warming potential such as CF 3 CF ⁇ CH 2 containing a double bond in the chemical formula, or a mixture thereof, or a refrigerant employing a natural refrigerant such as CO 2 or propane It has a circulation circuit A (see FIG. 2) and a heat medium circulation circuit B in which water or the like is adopted as the heat medium.
- the air conditioner 100 employs a system (indirect system) that indirectly uses a refrigerant (heat source side refrigerant). That is, the cold or warm heat stored in the heat source side refrigerant is transmitted to a refrigerant (hereinafter referred to as a heat medium) different from the heat source side refrigerant, and the air-conditioning target space is cooled or heated with the cold heat or heat stored in the heat medium.
- a refrigerant hereinafter referred to as a heat medium
- the heat medium can be directly heat-exchanged with another heat source such as outdoor air, indoor air, boiler exhaust heat, etc., and cold heat or warm heat can be stored in the heat medium.
- the air conditioner 100 has one outdoor unit 1 that is a heat source unit, a plurality of indoor units 2, and a heat medium converter 3 interposed between the outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 2.
- the heat medium relay unit 3 performs heat exchange between the heat source side refrigerant and the heat medium.
- the outdoor unit 1 and the heat medium relay unit 3 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 4 for circulating the heat source side refrigerant.
- the heat medium relay unit 3 and the indoor unit 2 are connected by a pipe (heat medium pipe) 5 for circulating the heat medium.
- the cold or warm heat generated by the outdoor unit 1 is delivered to the indoor unit 2 via the heat medium converter 3.
- the outdoor unit 1 is usually disposed in an outdoor space 6 that is a space (for example, a rooftop) outside a building 9 such as a building, and supplies cold or hot energy to the indoor unit 2 via the heat medium converter 3. It is.
- the indoor unit 2 is disposed at a position where cooling air or heating air can be supplied to the indoor space 7 which is a space (for example, a living room) inside the building 9, and is used for cooling the indoor space 7 serving as a space to be air-conditioned. Air or heating air is supplied.
- the heat medium relay unit 3 is installed in a position different from the outdoor space 6 and the indoor space 7 as a separate housing from the outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 2.
- the heat medium converter 3 is connected to the outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 2 via the refrigerant pipe 4 and the pipe 5, respectively, and transmits cold heat or hot heat supplied from the outdoor unit 1 to the indoor unit 2. is there.
- the outdoor unit 1 and the heat medium converter 3 are connected via two refrigerant pipes 4, and the heat medium converter 3 and each of the indoor units 2a to 2d are two pipes. 5 is connected.
- construction is facilitated by connecting each unit (the outdoor unit 1, the indoor unit 2, and the heat medium converter 3) via the refrigerant pipe 4 and the pipe 5.
- the heat medium converter 3 is illustrated as an example in a state where it is installed in a space 8 such as a ceiling or the like that is inside the building 9 but is different from the indoor space 7.
- the heat medium relay 3 may be installed in a common space where there is an elevator or the like.
- the indoor unit 2 has shown as an example the ceiling cassette type
- the air conditioner 100 can be of any type as long as it is capable of blowing heating air or cooling air directly into the indoor space 7 or by a duct or the like, in a ceiling-embedded type, a ceiling-suspended type. But you can.
- the heat medium relay unit 3 can be installed in the vicinity of the outdoor unit 1.
- FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the air conditioning apparatus 100 of the present invention.
- the air conditioner 100 includes an outdoor unit 1, a plurality of indoor units 2a to 2d, and a heat medium relay unit 3.
- the outdoor unit 1 and the heat medium converter 3 are connected by a refrigerant pipe 4, and the indoor units 2a to 2d and the heat medium converter 3 are connected by a pipe 5, respectively.
- the outdoor unit 1 stores a compressor 10 that compresses a refrigerant, a first refrigerant flow switching device 11 that includes a four-way valve, a heat source side heat exchanger 12 that functions as an evaporator or a condenser, and excess refrigerant.
- the accumulator 19 is provided on the suction side of the compressor 10.
- the outdoor unit 1 also includes check valves 13a to 13d. The check valves 13a to 13d make the flow of the heat source side refrigerant flowing into and out of the heat medium relay unit 3 in a certain direction regardless of the operation required by the indoor units 2a to 2d.
- the compressor 10 sucks the heat source side refrigerant and compresses the heat source side refrigerant to be in a high temperature / high pressure state, and may be configured by, for example, an inverter compressor capable of capacity control.
- the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 has a flow of the heat source side refrigerant in the heating operation mode (in the heating only operation mode and the heating main operation mode) and in the cooling operation mode (in the all cooling operation mode and the cooling main operation mode). ) To switch the flow of the heat source side refrigerant.
- the heat source side heat exchanger 12 functions as an evaporator during heating operation, functions as a condenser during cooling operation, and performs heat exchange between air supplied from a blower such as a fan (not shown) and the heat source side refrigerant. Is.
- a second pressure sensor 37 and a third pressure sensor 38 which are pressure sensors, are provided before and after the compressor 10, and the compressor 10 is determined based on the rotational speed of the compressor 10 and the detected values of the pressure sensors 37 and 38.
- the refrigerant flow from can be calculated.
- the outdoor unit 1 is provided with an outdoor unit control device 51 configured by a microcontroller, a DSP, or the like, and the outdoor unit control unit 51 includes an outdoor unit such as the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 according to the operation mode. The operation of the machine 1 is controlled.
- the plurality of indoor units 2a to 2d are provided with use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, respectively.
- Each of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d is connected to the heat medium flow control device 25 and the second heat medium flow switching device 23 of the heat medium converter 3 by the pipe 5.
- the use-side heat exchangers 26a to 26d exchange heat between air supplied from a blower such as a fan (not shown) and a heat medium, and supply heating air or cooling air to the indoor space 7. Is generated.
- a blower such as a fan (not shown)
- Each of the plurality of indoor units 2a to 2d has an intake air temperature detection device 39.
- the heat medium relay unit 3 includes heat exchangers 15a and 15b between the heat medium for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the heat medium, expansion devices 16a and 16b for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant, and switching devices 17a and 17b for opening and closing the flow path of the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the heat exchangers between heat mediums 15a and 15b function as condensers (radiators) or evaporators, perform heat exchange between the heat source side refrigerant and the heat medium,
- the cool or warm heat generated in the outdoor unit 1 and stored in the heat source side refrigerant is transmitted to the heat medium.
- the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a is provided between the expansion device 16a and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a in the refrigerant circuit A and serves to cool the heat medium in the cooling / heating mixed operation mode. is there.
- the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b is provided between the expansion device 16b and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b in the refrigerant circuit A and serves to heat the heat medium in the cooling / heating mixed operation mode. is there.
- the expansion devices 16a and 16b (sometimes referred to as expansion devices 16) have a function as a pressure reducing valve and an expansion valve, and expand the heat source side refrigerant by reducing the pressure.
- the expansion device 16a is provided on the upstream side of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a in the flow of the heat source side refrigerant in the cooling only operation mode.
- the expansion device 16b is provided on the upstream side of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b in the flow of the heat source side refrigerant in the cooling only operation mode.
- the expansion devices 16a and 16b are preferably constituted by devices whose opening degree can be variably controlled, for example, electronic expansion valves.
- the opening / closing devices 17a, 17b are constituted by two-way valves or the like, and open / close the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the second refrigerant flow switching devices 18a and 18b are configured by a four-way valve or the like, and switch the flow of the heat source side refrigerant according to the operation mode.
- the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a is provided on the downstream side of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a in the flow of the heat source side refrigerant in the cooling only operation mode.
- the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b is provided on the downstream side of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b in the flow of the heat source side refrigerant in the cooling only operation mode.
- Pumps 21a and 21b (also referred to as pump 21) circulate the heat medium in the pipe 5.
- the pump 21 a is provided in the pipe 5 between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15 a and the second heat medium flow switching device 23.
- the pump 21 b is provided in the pipe 5 between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15 b and the second heat medium flow switching device 23.
- the pumps 21a and 21b may be constituted by, for example, pumps capable of capacity control.
- the pumps 21a and 21b are provided in the pipe 5 so that the refrigerant flows from the heat exchangers between heat exchangers 15a and 15b to the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a to 23d.
- a refrigerant may be provided to flow from the medium flow switching devices 22a to 22d to the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a.
- the heat medium flow switching device includes first heat medium flow switching devices 22a to 22d connected to one pipe 5, and second heat medium flow switching devices 23a to 23d connected to the other pipe 5.
- the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a to 22d (sometimes referred to as the first heat medium flow switching device 22) are composed of three-way valves or the like, and flow from the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d side. The flow path of the heat medium is switched.
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22 is provided in a number (four in FIG. 2) corresponding to the number of indoor units 2a to 2d (use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d).
- one of the three sides is in the heat exchanger 15a, one of the three is in the heat exchanger 15b, and one of the three is in the heat medium flow rate.
- Each is connected to the adjusting device 25 and provided on the outlet side of the heat medium flow path (pipe 5) of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d.
- the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a to 23d are composed of a three-way valve or the like, and flow out to the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d. The flow path of the heat medium is switched.
- the number of the second heat medium flow switching devices 23 is set according to the number of indoor units 2 installed (four in FIG. 2). In the second heat medium flow switching device 23, one of the three sides is in the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a, one of the three sides is in the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b, and one of the three sides is in use side heat.
- the heat exchangers 26a to 26d are respectively connected to the exchangers 26a to 26d and provided on the inlet side of the heat medium flow path (pipe 5) of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d.
- the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a, 23b, 23c, and 23d are illustrated from the lower side of the drawing so as to correspond to the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d.
- the heat medium flow control devices 25a to 25d are composed of a two-way valve or the like that can control the opening area, and cover the air conditioning load required indoors.
- the flow rate of the heat medium flowing through the pipe 5 is adjusted according to the flow rate required for the operation.
- the number of the heat medium flow control devices 25 is set according to the number of indoor units 2 installed (four in this case).
- One of the heat medium flow control devices 25 is connected to the use-side heat exchanger 26, and the other is connected to the first heat medium flow switching device 22. Is provided.
- the heat medium flow control devices 25a, 25b, 25c, and 25d are illustrated from the lower side of the drawing.
- 25a, 25b, 25c, and 25d are illustrated as being installed in the heat medium relay unit 3, but a larger number may be used.
- the heat medium flow control device 25 may be provided on the inlet side of the heat medium flow path of the use side heat exchanger 26.
- the pipe 5 circulates the heat medium between the heat exchangers 15a and 15b between the heat mediums 15a and the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d, and is connected to the heat medium converter 3 to the indoor units 2a to 2a. Branches are made according to the number of 2d (here, four branches each).
- the pipe 5 is composed of a pipe connected to the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and a pipe connected to the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b.
- the pipe 5 is connected by a first heat medium flow switching device 22 and a second heat medium flow switching device 23.
- the heat medium from the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a flows into the use-side heat exchanger 26, or the heat medium Whether the heat medium from the intermediate heat exchanger 15b flows into the use side heat exchanger 26 is determined.
- the heat exchanger 3 is provided with first temperature sensors 31a and 31b, second temperature sensors 34a to 34d, third temperature sensors 35a to 35d, a fourth temperature sensor 50, and a first pressure sensor 36. .
- the first temperature sensors 31a and 31b (sometimes referred to as the first temperature sensor 31) are composed of, for example, a thermistor and the like, and the heat medium flowing out from the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15, that is, heat exchange between heat medium. The temperature of the heat medium at the outlet of the vessel 15 is detected.
- the first temperature sensor 31a is provided in the pipe 5 on the inlet side of the pump 21a.
- the first temperature sensor 31b is provided in the pipe 5 on the inlet side of the pump 21b.
- the second temperature sensors 34a to 34d are composed of, for example, a thermistor or the like, and detect the temperature of the heat medium flowing out from the use side heat exchanger 26.
- the second temperature sensor 34 is provided between the first heat medium flow switching device 22 and the heat medium flow control device 25, and the number (four in this case) corresponding to the number of indoor units 2 is provided. Yes.
- the second temperature sensors 34a, 34b, 34c, and 34d are illustrated from the lower side of the drawing.
- the third temperature sensors 35a to 35d are composed of, for example, a thermistor, and the temperature of the heat source side refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15 or between the heat medium. The temperature of the heat source side refrigerant that has flowed out of the heat exchanger 15 is detected.
- the third temperature sensor 35a is provided between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a.
- the third temperature sensor 35b is provided between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the expansion device 16a.
- the third temperature sensor 35c is provided between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b.
- the third temperature sensor 35d is provided between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b and the expansion device 16b.
- the fourth temperature sensor 50 obtains temperature information used when calculating the evaporation temperature and the dew point temperature, and is provided between the expansion device 16a and the expansion device 16b.
- the refrigerant in the fourth temperature sensor 50 is a liquid refrigerant, and the heat medium relay controller 52 calculates the liquid inlet enthalpy based on this temperature information. Further, when the temperature of the low-pressure two-phase temperature state is detected from the third temperature sensor 35d, the heat medium relay controller 52 calculates the saturated liquid enthalpy and the saturated gas enthalpy based on this temperature information.
- the heat medium converter 3 is provided with a heat medium converter control device 52 made of, for example, a microcontroller, a DSP, or the like, and information (for example, temperature information and pressure information) detected by these detecting means is a heat medium. It is sent to the converter controller 52. Further, the heat medium converter control device 52 sends it to a general control means (not shown) that controls the air conditioner 100 as a whole.
- the overall control means drives the pump 21, opens the throttle device 16, opens and closes the opening / closing device 17, and switches the second refrigerant flow switching device 18 based on the detection information from the detection means and the instruction from the remote controller.
- the switching of the first heat medium flow switching device 22, the switching of the second heat medium flow switching device 23, the opening degree of the heat medium flow control device 25, and the like are determined. Then, the heat medium relay controller 52 outputs a drive signal to the first heat medium flow switching device 22, the second heat medium flow switching device 23, and the heat medium flow control device 25 determined by the overall control means. Control its operation.
- the outdoor unit control device 51 controls the operation of the outdoor unit 1 based on the information transmitted from the heat medium converter control device 52. For example, the outdoor unit control device 51 calculates an evaporation temperature, a condensation temperature, a saturation temperature, a superheat degree, and a supercooling degree based on the calculation result of the heat medium converter control device 52. Then, based on these calculation results, the outdoor unit control device 51 switches the rotation speed, drive frequency, first refrigerant flow switching device 11 of the compressor 10, and the fan speed of the heat source side heat exchanger 12 (ON (Including / OFF) and the like so that the performance of the air conditioner 100 is maximized.
- the outdoor unit control device 51, the heat medium converter control device 52, and the overall control unit are described as separate units, but may be composed of the same unit.
- the air conditioner 100 includes a compressor 10, a first refrigerant flow switching device 11, a heat source side heat exchanger 12, switchgear devices 17a and 17b, second refrigerant flow switching devices 18a and 18b, and an intermediate heat exchanger 15. These refrigerant flow paths, the expansion device 16 and the accumulator 19 have a refrigerant circulation circuit A connected by a refrigerant pipe 4.
- the air conditioner 100 includes the heat medium flow path of the heat exchanger 15 between heat medium, the pump 21, the first heat medium flow switching device 22, the heat medium flow control device 25, the use side heat exchanger 26, and the second.
- the heat medium flow switching device 23 has a heat medium circulation circuit B connected by a pipe 5. That is, a plurality of usage-side heat exchangers 26 are connected in parallel to each of the heat exchangers 15a and 15b, and a plurality of heat medium circulation circuits B are formed.
- the outdoor unit 1 and the heat medium converter 3 are connected via the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b provided in the heat medium converter 3,
- the heat medium relay unit 3 and the indoor units 2a to 2d are connected to each other via the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b.
- the heat source side refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit A and the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit B in the intermediate heat exchanger 15a and the intermediate heat exchanger 15b are converted into the intermediate heat exchanger 15a and the heat. Heat is exchanged in the inter-medium heat exchanger 15b.
- the air conditioner 100 can perform a cooling operation or a heating operation with the indoor units 2a to 2d based on instructions from the indoor units 2a to 2d. That is, the air conditioner 100 can perform the same operation for all of the indoor units 2a to 2d, and can perform different operations for each of the indoor units 2a to 2d.
- the operation mode executed by the air conditioner 100 includes a cooling only operation mode in which all of the driven indoor units 2a to 2d execute a cooling operation, and all of the driven indoor units 2a to 2d execute a heating operation.
- each operation mode is demonstrated with the flow of a heat-source side refrigerant
- FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow when the air-conditioning apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 2 is in the cooling only operation mode.
- the cooling only operation mode will be described by taking as an example a case where a cooling load is generated in the indoor units 2a to 2d of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26b.
- the flow direction of the heat source side refrigerant is indicated by a solid line arrow, and the flow direction of the heat medium is indicated by a broken line arrow.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a case where the use side heat exchangers 26a and 26b are operating and the use side heat exchangers 26c and 26d are stopped.
- the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 is switched so that the heat-source-side refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the heat-source-side heat exchanger 12.
- the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b include the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b and the refrigerant pipe 4 (low pressure side pipe).
- the heat medium flow control devices 25a and 25b corresponding to the indoor units 2a and 2b performing the cooling operation are in an open state, and the heat medium flow control devices 25c and 25d corresponding to the indoor units 2c and 2d not performing the cooling operation are closed. Controlled.
- the pump 21a and the pump 21b are driven so that the heat medium circulates between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b and the use side heat exchangers 26a and 26b.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 12 via the first refrigerant flow switching device 11. And it becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, radiating heat to outdoor air with the heat source side heat exchanger 12.
- the high-pressure refrigerant that has flowed out of the heat source side heat exchanger 12 flows out of the outdoor unit 1 through the check valve 13 a, and flows into the heat medium relay unit 3 through the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the heat medium relay unit 3 is branched after passing through the opening / closing device 17a and expanded by the expansion device 16a and the expansion device 16b to become a low-temperature / low-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
- the opening / closing device 17b is closed.
- This two-phase refrigerant flows into each of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b acting as an evaporator, and absorbs heat from the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circulation circuit B. It becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure gas refrigerant while cooling.
- the gas refrigerant that has flowed out of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b flows out of the heat medium converter 3 via the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b.
- the refrigerant flows into the outdoor unit 1 again through the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor unit 1 passes through the check valve 13d and is sucked into the compressor 10 again via the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and the accumulator 19.
- the opening degree of the expansion device 16a is such that the superheat (superheat degree) obtained as a difference between the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35a and the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35b is constant. Be controlled. Similarly, the opening degree of the expansion device 16b is controlled so that the superheat obtained as the difference between the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35c and the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35d is constant.
- the flow of the heat medium in the heat medium circuit B will be described.
- the cold heat of the heat source side refrigerant is transmitted to the heat medium in both the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b, and the cooled heat medium is piped 5 by the pump 21a and the pump 21b.
- the inside will be allowed to flow.
- the heat medium pressurized and discharged by the pump 21a and the pump 21b flows into the use side heat exchangers 26a and 26b through the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a and 23b.
- the heat medium absorbs heat from the indoor air in the use side heat exchangers 26a and 26b, whereby the indoor space 7 is cooled.
- the heat medium flows out from the use side heat exchangers 26a and 26b and flows into the heat medium flow control devices 25a and 25b.
- the flow rate of the heat medium is controlled to a flow rate necessary to cover the air conditioning load required indoors by the action of the heat medium flow rate adjusting devices 25a and 25b, and flows into the use side heat exchangers 26a and 26b.
- the heat medium that has flowed out of the heat medium flow control devices 25a and 25b passes through the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a and 22b, flows into the heat exchangers between heat mediums 15a and 15b, and is sucked into the pumps 21a and 21b again. It is.
- heat is generated in a direction from the second heat medium flow switching device 23 to the first heat medium flow switching device 22 via the heat medium flow control device 25.
- the medium is flowing.
- the air conditioning load required in the indoor space 7 is detected by the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 31a, or the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 31b and the second temperature sensor 34a or 34b. This can be covered by controlling so as to keep the difference from the temperature as a target value.
- the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15 either the temperature of the first temperature sensor 31a or the first temperature sensor 31b may be used, or the average temperature thereof may be used.
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22 and the second heat medium flow switching device 23 are provided with an intermediate opening so as to secure a flow path that flows to both the heat exchangers 15a and 15b. It is a degree.
- FIG. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigerant flow when the air-conditioning apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 2 is in the heating only operation mode.
- the heating only operation mode will be described by taking as an example a case where a thermal load is generated in the use side heat exchangers 26 a and 26 b.
- the flow direction of the heat source side refrigerant is indicated by a solid line arrow, and the flow direction of the heat medium is indicated by a broken line arrow.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a case where the use side heat exchangers 26a and 26b are operating and the use side heat exchangers 26c and 26d are stopped.
- the first heat source side refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 is allowed to flow into the heat medium converter 3 without passing through the heat source side heat exchanger 12.
- the refrigerant flow switching device 11 is switched.
- the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b are in communication with the high-pressure pipe. Further, the heat medium flow control devices 25a and 25b are opened, and the heat medium flow control devices 25c and 25d are closed. Then, the pump 21a and the pump 21b are driven so that the heat medium circulates between the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b and the use side heat exchangers 26a and 26b. .
- the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows out of the outdoor unit 1 through the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and the check valve 13b.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor unit 1 flows into the heat medium relay unit 3 through the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into the heat medium relay unit 3 is branched and passes through the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b, and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat medium. It flows into each of the intermediate heat exchangers 15b.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant while dissipating heat to the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit B.
- the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b is expanded by the expansion device 16a and the expansion device 16b to become a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
- the two-phase refrigerant flows out of the heat medium relay unit 3 through the opening / closing device 17b, and flows into the outdoor unit 1 through the refrigerant pipe 4 again.
- the opening / closing device 17a is closed.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor unit 1 passes through the check valve 13c and flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 12 that functions as an evaporator. And the refrigerant
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant flowing out from the heat source side heat exchanger 12 is again sucked into the compressor 10 via the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and the accumulator 19.
- the expansion device 16a has a constant subcool (degree of subcooling) obtained as a difference between a value obtained by converting the pressure detected by the first pressure sensor 36 into a saturation temperature and a temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35b.
- the opening is controlled so that
- the expansion device 16b opens so that a subcool obtained as a difference between a value obtained by converting the pressure detected by the first pressure sensor 36 into a saturation temperature and a temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35d is constant.
- the degree is controlled. If the temperature at the intermediate position of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15 can be measured, the temperature at the intermediate position may be used instead of the first pressure sensor 36, and the system can be configured at low cost.
- the heat of the heat source side refrigerant is transmitted to the heat medium in both the heat exchanger 15a and the heat exchanger 15b, and the heated heat medium is piped 5 by the pump 21a and the pump 21b.
- the inside will be allowed to flow.
- the heat medium pressurized and discharged by the pump 21a and the pump 21b passes through the second heat medium flow switching device 23a and the second heat medium flow switching device 23b, and the use side heat exchanger 26a and the use side heat exchange. Flows into the vessel 26b.
- the indoor space 7 is heated by the heat medium radiating heat to the indoor air by the use side heat exchanger 26a and the use side heat exchanger 26b.
- the heat medium flows out of the use-side heat exchanger 26a and the use-side heat exchanger 26b and flows into the heat medium flow control device 25a and the heat medium flow control device 25b.
- the heat medium flow control device 25a and the heat medium flow control device 25b control the flow rate of the heat medium to a flow rate necessary to cover the air conditioning load required in the room, so that the use-side heat exchanger 26a. , 26b.
- the heat medium that has flowed out of the heat medium flow control devices 25a and 25b passes through the first heat medium flow switching device 22a and the first heat medium flow switching device 22b, and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat between the heat media. It flows into the exchanger 15b and is sucked into the pump 21a and the pump 21b again.
- the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a and 23b are connected to the first heat medium flow switching device 22 via the heat medium flow control devices 25a and 25b.
- the heat medium flows in every direction.
- the air conditioning load required in the indoor space 7 is detected by the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 31a, or the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 31b and the second temperature sensors 34a and 34b. This can be covered by controlling so as to keep the difference from the temperature as a target value. Further, as the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15, either the temperature of the first temperature sensor 31a or the first temperature sensor 31b may be used, or the average temperature thereof may be used.
- the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a and 22b and the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a and 23b have flow paths that flow to both the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a and the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b.
- the opening is set to an intermediate level so as to be secured.
- the use side heat exchangers 26a and 26b should be controlled by the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet, but the heat medium temperature on the inlet side of the use side heat exchangers 26a and 26b is the first temperature sensor.
- the temperature is almost the same as the temperature detected by 31b.
- FIG. 5 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigerant flow when the air-conditioning apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 2 is in the cooling main operation mode.
- the cooling main operation mode will be described by taking as an example a case where a heating load is generated in the use side heat exchanger 26d and a cooling load is generated in the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26c.
- the flow direction of the heat source side refrigerant is indicated by solid line arrows
- the flow direction of the heat medium is indicated by broken line arrows.
- the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 is switched so that the heat source side refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 12.
- the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a is in communication with the low pressure pipe, and the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b is in communication with the high pressure side piping.
- the heat medium flow control devices 25a to 25d are opened, and the pump 21a and the pump 21b are driven to exchange heat between the heat medium heat exchanger 15a and the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26c and between heat medium.
- the heat medium is circulated between the heat exchanger 15b and the use side heat exchanger 26d.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 12 via the first refrigerant flow switching device 11.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant becomes a liquid refrigerant while dissipating heat to the outdoor air in the heat source side heat exchanger 12.
- the refrigerant that has flowed out of the heat source side heat exchanger 12 flows out of the outdoor unit 1 and flows into the heat medium relay unit 3 through the check valve 13 a and the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the heat medium relay unit 3 flows into the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b that acts as a condenser through the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b becomes a refrigerant whose temperature is further lowered while radiating heat to the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit B.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b is expanded by the expansion device 16b and becomes a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
- This low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows into the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a acting as an evaporator via the expansion device 16a.
- the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a absorbs heat from the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit B, and becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant while cooling the heat medium.
- the gas refrigerant flows out of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a, flows out of the heat medium converter 3 via the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a, and flows into the outdoor unit 1 again through the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor unit 1 is again sucked into the compressor 10 via the check valve 13d, the first refrigerant flow switching device 11, and the accumulator 19.
- the expansion device 16a is fully open and the opening / closing device 17b is closed. Further, the opening degree of the expansion device 16b is controlled so that the superheat obtained as the difference between the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35a and the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35b becomes constant.
- the expansion device 16b has an opening degree so that a subcool obtained as a difference between a value obtained by converting the pressure detected by the first pressure sensor 36 into a saturation temperature and a temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35d is constant. May be controlled. Alternatively, the expansion device 16b may be fully opened, and the superheat or subcool may be controlled by the expansion device 16a.
- the cold heat of the heat source side refrigerant is transmitted to the heat medium in the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a, and the cooled heat medium flows in the pipe 5 by the pump 21a. Further, the heat of the heat source side refrigerant is transmitted to the heat medium in the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b, and the heated heat medium flows in the pipe 5 by the pump 21b.
- the heat medium absorbs heat from the indoor air, thereby cooling the indoor space 7.
- the heat medium radiates heat to the indoor air, thereby heating the indoor space 7.
- the flow rate of the heat medium is controlled to a flow rate necessary to cover the air conditioning load required indoors by the action of the heat medium flow rate adjusting devices 25a to 25d, and flows into the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d.
- the heat medium whose temperature has slightly decreased after passing through the use side heat exchanger 26d flows into the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b through the heat medium flow control device 25d and the first heat medium flow switching device 22d, and again. It is sucked into the pump 21b.
- the heat medium that has passed through the use-side heat exchangers 26a to 26c and has slightly increased in temperature passes through the heat medium flow rate adjusting devices 25a to 25c and the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a to 22c, and then the heat exchangers between heat mediums It flows into 15a and is sucked into the pump 21a again.
- the warm heat medium and the cold heat medium are mixed with each other without being mixed by the action of the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a to 22d and the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a to 23d.
- the first heat is supplied from the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a to 23d via the heat medium flow control devices 25a to 25d on both the heating side and the cooling side.
- the heat medium flows in the direction reaching the medium flow path switching devices 22a to 22d.
- the air conditioning load required in the indoor space 7 is the difference between the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 31b on the heating side and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 34 on the heating side. This can be covered by controlling the difference between the temperature detected by the two-temperature sensor 34 and the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 31a as a target value.
- FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a refrigerant flow when the air-conditioning apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 2 is in the heating main operation mode.
- the heating main operation mode will be described by taking as an example a case where a heating load is generated in the use side heat exchangers 26b to 26d and a cooling load is generated in the use side heat exchanger 26a.
- the flow direction of the heat source side refrigerant is indicated by solid line arrows, and the flow direction of the heat medium is indicated by broken line arrows.
- the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 switches the heat source side refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 to flow into the heat medium relay 3 without passing through the heat source side heat exchanger 12. It is done.
- the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a is in communication with the low pressure side piping
- the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b is in communication with the high pressure side piping.
- the heat medium flow control devices 25a to 25d are opened, the pump 21a and the pump 21b are driven, and the heat medium heat exchanger 15a and the use side heat exchanger 26a and the heat medium heat exchanger 15b are used.
- the heat medium circulates between the side heat exchangers 26b to 26c.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows out of the outdoor unit 1 through the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and the check valve 13b.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor unit 1 flows into the heat medium relay unit 3 through the refrigerant pipe 4.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into the heat medium relay unit 3 flows into the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b that acts as a condenser through the second refrigerant flow switching device 18b.
- the gas refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b becomes liquid refrigerant while dissipating heat to the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit B.
- the refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b is expanded by the expansion device 16b and becomes a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
- This low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows into the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a acting as an evaporator via the expansion device 16a.
- the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a evaporates by absorbing heat from the heat medium circulating in the heat medium circuit B, thereby cooling the heat medium.
- the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows out of the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a, flows out of the heat medium converter 3 through the second refrigerant flow switching device 18a, and flows into the outdoor unit 1 again.
- the refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor unit 1 passes through the check valve 13c and flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 12 that functions as an evaporator. And the refrigerant
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant flowing out from the heat source side heat exchanger 12 is again sucked into the compressor 10 via the first refrigerant flow switching device 11 and the accumulator 19.
- the expansion device 16a is fully open and the opening / closing device 17a is closed.
- the expansion device 16b has an opening degree so that a subcool obtained as a difference between a value obtained by converting the pressure detected by the first pressure sensor 36 into a saturation temperature and a temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 35b is constant. Is controlled. Note that the expansion device 16b may be fully opened, and the subcooling may be controlled by the expansion device 16a.
- the heat of the heat source side refrigerant is transmitted to the heat medium in the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15b, and the heated heat medium is caused to flow in the pipe 5 by the pump 21b.
- the cold heat of the heat source side refrigerant is transmitted to the heat medium by the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a, and the cooled heat medium is caused to flow in the pipe 5 by the pump 21a.
- the heat medium pressurized and discharged by the pump 21a and the pump 21b flows into the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d via the second heat medium flow switching device 23a and the second heat medium flow switching device 23b.
- the indoor space 7 is cooled by the heat medium absorbing heat from the room air. Further, in the usage-side heat exchangers 26b to 26d, the indoor space 7 is heated by the heat medium radiating heat to the indoor air. At this time, the heat medium flow rate control devices 25a and 25b control the flow rate of the heat medium to a flow rate necessary to cover the air conditioning load required indoors, and flow into the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d. .
- the heat medium that has passed through the use-side heat exchanger 26a and whose temperature has risen slightly passes through the heat medium flow control device 25a and the first heat medium flow switching device 22a, flows into the heat exchanger related to heat medium 15a, and again It is sucked into the pump 21a.
- the heat medium that has passed through the use side heat exchangers 26b to 26d and has been slightly lowered in temperature passes through the heat medium flow rate adjusting devices 25b to 25d and the first heat medium flow switching devices 22b to 22d, and then the heat exchangers between heat mediums 15b flows into the pump 21b again.
- the warm heat medium and the cold heat medium are mixed with each other without being mixed by the action of the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a to 22d and the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a to 23d.
- the use side heat exchanger 26a or the use side heat exchangers 26b to 26d are introduced into the use side heat exchanger 26a or the use side heat exchangers 26b to 26d.
- the heat medium flows in a direction to reach the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a to 22d via.
- the air conditioning load required in the indoor space 7 is the difference between the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 31b on the heating side and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 34 on the heating side. This can be covered by controlling the difference between the temperature detected by the two-temperature sensor 34 and the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 31a as a target value.
- the flow paths are adjusted in accordance with the operation states of the indoor units 2a to 2d by the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a to 22d and the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a to 23d. Are switched, and the flow rate of the heat medium is adjusted by the heat medium flow control devices 25a to 25d.
- the operations of the first heat medium flow switching device 22, the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a to 23d, and the heat medium flow control devices 25a to 25d are controlled by the heat medium converter control device 52 operation control means 60.
- FIG. 7A is a graph showing the relationship between the opening time from the start of opening operation of each heat medium flow switching device 22, 23 and the opening degree
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22 is controlled in three stages according to the opening degree.
- the opening degree of the first stage is 0, the flow is 100% above the flow path from the right.
- the second heat medium flow switching device 23 is controlled in three stages according to the opening degree.
- the heat medium flow control devices 25a to 25d are constituted by, for example, two-way valves.
- FIG. 8A is a graph showing the relationship between the opening time from the start of opening operation of each heat medium flow switching device 22, 23 to the opening degree, and the opening degree
- the heat medium flow control device 25 linearly changes the flow rate according to the opening degree. Further, it takes 5 seconds for the maximum opening change per piece.
- the opening degree changes linearly it may be a quadratic curve or the like.
- the time from the opening degree 0 to the opening degree 1000 is illustrated as being 5 seconds, it differs depending on the model used for each of the heat medium flow switching devices 22 and 23 and the heat medium flow control device 25. .
- the operation control means 60 is provided in the heat medium converter control device 52, and opens and closes the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a to 22d and the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a to 23d. And an operating device (control controller) for outputting a drive signal to the heat medium flow control devices 25a to 25d.
- This actuating device cannot drive a plurality of valve devices at the same time.
- the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a to 22d, the first heat medium flow switching devices 23a to 23d, and the heat medium flow control devices 25a to 25d A drive signal is transmitted with a time difference 25d.
- the operation control means 60 has a limited number of operating devices, and has, for example, 1 to 3 operating devices.
- the operation control means 60 has a function of controlling the drive start timing of the pumps 21a and 21b.
- the operation control means 60 includes a first heat medium flow switching device 22a, a second heat medium flow switching device 23a, and a second heat medium flow switching device 23a in any one of the plurality of utilization side heat exchangers 26a to 26d. It has a function of starting to drive the pumps 21a and 21b when all the heat medium flow control devices 25 are opened.
- FIG. 9 to 11 show the operation sequence of the first heat medium flow switching device 22, the second heat medium flow switching device 23, and the heat medium flow control device 25 when the operation control means is composed of one operation device. And it is a table
- FIG. 9 to 11 show an example in which all the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d are operated. 3 and 4, when there are use side heat exchangers 26c and 26d in which the heat medium does not flow, the first heat medium flow switching device 22c connected to the use side heat exchangers 26c and 26d, The opening operation of the second heat medium flow switching devices 23c and 23d and the heat medium flow control devices 25c and 25d is not performed.
- the operation control means 60 controls to operate in the order of the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a to 22d, the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a to 23d, and the heat medium flow control devices 25a to 25d. (Operation pattern 1). Specifically, the operation control means 60 operates in the order of the first heat medium flow switching devices 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d, and then in the order of the second heat medium flow switching devices 23a, 23b, 23c, 23d. Operate. Then, after the opening operation of the heat medium flow switching devices 22 and 23 is completed, the operation control means 60 operates the heat medium flow control devices 25a, 25b, 25c, and 25d in this order.
- the operation control means 60 drives the pump 21 after the driving of the heat medium flow control device 25a is completed.
- the use-side heat exchanger 26a is completely opened 45 seconds after the start of each operation, so that the pump 21 is driven 45 seconds after the start of the operation.
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22a and the second heat medium flow switching device 23a connected to any one of the use side heat exchangers 26a among the plurality of use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d.
- the pump 21 By operating the pump 21 when all the heat medium flow control devices 25a are opened, it is possible to prevent the heat medium pressure from increasing and prevent the heat medium circuit B from being damaged.
- the start timing of the compressor 10 need not match the drive start timing of the pump 21.
- the heat in the first use side heat exchanger 26d is changed from the state in which the heat medium can be circulated in the first use side heat exchanger 26a. The period until the medium can be distributed can be shortened. For this reason, all the indoor units 2a to 2d can start operation almost at the same time.
- FIG. 10 is a table showing another operation pattern 2 in the case where the operation control means has one control controller.
- the operation control means 60 operates the valves of the indoor unit 2d after the indoor units 2a to 2c and operates the valves of the indoor units 2a to 2c.
- the second heat medium flow switching device 23 are driven alternately (in the order of 22a, 23a, 22b, 23b, 22c, 23c, 22d, and 23d) as the start-up preparation period.
- the operation control means 60 is driven in the order of the heat medium flow control devices 25a, 25b, 25c, and 25d.
- the operation control means 60 activates the compressor 10 at the start of the operation of the heat medium flow control device 25a, and operates the pump 21 at the end of the operation of the heat medium flow control device 25a.
- the heat medium can be circulated in the first use-side heat exchanger 26a to the last.
- the period until the heat medium can be circulated in the use side heat exchanger 26d can be shortened.
- the initial operation amount when the air conditioner 100 is activated is large, and the command interval for operating the first heat medium flow switching device 22, the second heat medium flow switching device 23, and the heat medium flow control device 25 is lengthened.
- the operation command interval can be shortened.
- FIG. 11 is a table showing another operation pattern 3 when the operation control means 60 has one operation device (control controller).
- the operation control means 60 sequentially opens the first heat medium flow switching device 22, the second heat medium flow switching device 23, and the heat medium flow control device 25 for each use side heat exchanger 26a to 26d. I will do it.
- the operation control means 60 operates the first heat medium flow switching device 22a, the second heat medium flow switching device 23a, and the heat medium flow control device 25a of the use side heat exchanger 26a, and then The first heat medium flow switching device 22b, the second heat medium flow switching device 23b, and the heat medium flow control device 25b of the use side heat exchanger 26b are operated.
- the operation control means 60 operates the first heat medium flow switching device 22c, the second heat medium flow switching device 23c, and the heat medium flow control device 25c of the use side heat exchanger 26c, and finally uses the use side heat.
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22d, the second heat medium flow switching device 23d, and the heat medium flow control device 25d of the exchanger 26d are operated in this order.
- the operation control means 60 drives the pumps 21a and 21b at the time of 15 seconds from the start of the operation in which the three valves of the indoor unit 2a are completely opened.
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22a and the second heat medium flow path connected to any one of the use side heat exchangers 26a By operating the pump 21 when all of the switching device 23a and the heat medium flow control device 25a are opened, it is possible to prevent the pressure of the heat medium from rising and to prevent the heat medium circulation circuit B from being damaged. It should be noted that the start timing of the compressor 10 need not match the drive start timing of the pumps 21a and 21b. Furthermore, it is possible to start driving the pumps 21a and 21b at an early stage when the use-side heat exchanger 26a that has been able to distribute the heat medium first appears.
- FIG. 12 is a table showing the operation pattern 4 when the operation control means 60 has two operation devices (control controllers).
- the operation control means 60 shares the first heat medium flow switching device 22, the second heat medium flow switching device 23, and the heat medium flow control device 25 in the order of the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d. And open up.
- the operation control means 60 includes the first heat medium flow switching device 22a and the second heat medium flow switching device 23a, the heat medium flow control device 25a, the first heat medium flow switching device 22b, and the second heat.
- the second heat medium flow switching device 23d and the heat medium flow control device 25d are simultaneously driven by the two operating devices.
- the pumps 21a and 21b are driven at 10 seconds when the heat medium can flow through the use side heat exchanger 26a.
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22a and the second heat medium flow path connected to any one of the use side heat exchangers 26a By operating the pump 21 when all of the switching device 23a and the heat medium flow control device 25a are opened, it is possible to prevent the pressure of the heat medium from rising and to prevent the heat medium circulation circuit B from being damaged. It should be noted that the start timing of the compressor 10 need not match the drive start timing of the pumps 21a and 21b. Furthermore, since two of the devices 22, 23 and 25 are simultaneously operated by the two actuating devices, the time can be shortened.
- FIG. 13 is a table showing an operation pattern 5 when the operation control means 60 has three operation devices (control controllers).
- three operation devices share the first heat medium flow switching device 22, the second heat medium flow switching device 23, and the heat medium flow control device 25, respectively.
- the devices 26a to 26d are opened in this order. Therefore, after the first heat medium flow switching device 22a, the second heat medium flow switching device 23a, and the heat medium flow control device 25a of the use side heat exchanger 26a are simultaneously opened, the first heat medium flow switching device. 22b, the second heat medium flow switching device 23b, and the heat medium flow control device 25b are simultaneously opened.
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22c, the first heat medium flow switching device 23c, and the heat medium flow control device 25c are simultaneously opened, and the first heat medium flow switching device 22d and the second heat medium flow switching are performed.
- the device 23d and the heat medium flow control device 25d are simultaneously opened.
- the pumps 21a and 21b are driven at 5 seconds when the heat medium can be circulated to the use side heat exchanger 26a.
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22a and the second heat medium flow switching device connected to one use side heat exchanger 26a among the plurality of use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d.
- the pump 21 By operating the pump 21 when all of the heat medium flow control devices 25a are opened, it is possible to prevent the pressure of the heat medium from increasing and prevent the heat medium circulation circuit B from being damaged.
- the start timing of the compressor 10 need not match the drive start timing of the pump 21. Furthermore, since each of the devices 22, 23, and 25 is simultaneously operated by three actuators, the time can be shortened.
- the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the first heat medium flow switching device 22a, the second heat medium flow switching device 23a, and the heat medium flow control device 25a of one use side heat exchanger 26a are all valves.
- the case where the operations of the pumps 21a and 21b are stopped until the operation is completed is illustrated. However, any operation may be used as long as the pump is driven with the pump capacity during the normal operation when the opening is completed. That is, the preliminary operation with the drive capacity suppressed may be performed without stopping completely.
- the drive start timing of the pump 21 is not limited to when the first branch operation is completed, but may be changed according to the capacity of the pump 21.
- the air conditioning apparatus 100 may have a plurality of units.
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Abstract
Description
室外機1は、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機10、四方弁等で構成される第1冷媒流路切替装置11、蒸発器又は凝縮器として機能する熱源側熱交換器12、及び余剰冷媒を貯留するものであって圧縮機10の吸入側に設けられたアキュムレーター19を有している。また、室外機1は、逆止弁13a~13dを備えている。逆止弁13a~13dは、室内機2a~2dとの要求する運転に関わらず、熱媒体変換機3に流入及び流出させる熱源側冷媒の流れを一定方向にするものである。
複数の室内機2a~2dは、それぞれ利用側熱交換器26a~26dを備えている。各利用側熱交換器26a~26dは、配管5によって熱媒体変換機3の熱媒体流量調整装置25と第2熱媒体流路切替装置23に接続されている。この利用側熱交換器26a~26dは、図示省略のファン等の送風機から供給される空気と熱媒体との間で熱交換を行い、室内空間7に供給するための暖房用空気あるいは冷房用空気を生成する。また、複数の室内機2a~2dは、それぞれ吸込空気温度検知装置39を有している。
熱媒体変換機3は、冷媒と熱媒体とが熱交換する熱媒体間熱交換器15a、15b、冷媒を減圧させる絞り装置16a、16b、冷媒配管4の流路を開閉する開閉装置17a、17b、冷媒流路を切り替える第2冷媒流路切替装置18a、18b、熱媒体を循環させるポンプ21a、21b、利用側熱交換器26a~26d側に流れる熱媒体の流路を切り替える熱媒体流路切替装置(配管5の一方に接続される第1熱媒体流路切替装置22a~22d及び配管5の他方に接続される第2熱媒体流路切替装置23a~23d)、第2熱媒体流路切替装置22が接続される方の配管5に接続される4つの熱媒体流量調整装置25a~25dを備えている。
空気調和装置100は、圧縮機10、第1冷媒流路切替装置11、熱源側熱交換器12、開閉装置17a、17b、第2冷媒流路切替装置18a、18b、熱媒体間熱交換器15の冷媒流路、絞り装置16及びアキュムレーター19が冷媒配管4で接続された冷媒循環回路Aを有している。また、空気調和装置100は、熱媒体間熱交換器15の熱媒体流路、ポンプ21、第1熱媒体流路切替装置22、熱媒体流量調整装置25、利用側熱交換器26及び第2熱媒体流路切替装置23が配管5で接続された熱媒体循環回路Bを有している。つまり、熱媒体間熱交換器15a、15bのそれぞれに複数台の利用側熱交換器26が並列に接続され、熱媒体循環回路Bが複数系統形成されている。
図3は、図2に示す空気調和装置100の全冷房運転モード時における冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。この図3では、利用側熱交換器26a~26bの室内機2a~2dで冷熱負荷が発生している場合を例に全冷房運転モードについて説明する。なお、図3中、熱源側冷媒の流れ方向を実線矢印で、熱媒体の流れ方向を破線矢印で示している。また、図3においては、利用側熱交換器26a、26bが作動し、利用側熱交換器26c、26dが停止している場合について例示する。
図4は、図2に示す空気調和装置100の全暖房運転モード時における冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。この図4では、利用側熱交換器26a、26bで温熱負荷が発生している場合を例に全暖房運転モードについて説明する。なお、熱源側冷媒の流れ方向を実線矢印で、熱媒体の流れ方向を破線矢印で示している。また、図4においては、利用側熱交換器26a、26bが作動し、利用側熱交換器26c、26dが停止している場合について例示する。
図5は、図2に示す空気調和装置100の冷房主体運転モード時における冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。この図5では、利用側熱交換器26dで温熱負荷が発生し、利用側熱交換器26a~26cで冷熱負荷が発生している場合を例に冷房主体運転モードについて説明する。なお、図5では、熱源側冷媒の流れ方向を実線矢印で、熱媒体の流れ方向を破線矢印で示している。
図6は、図2に示す空気調和装置100の暖房主体運転モード時における冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。図6では、利用側熱交換器26b~26dで温熱負荷が発生し、利用側熱交換器26aで冷熱負荷が発生している場合を例に暖房主体運転モードについて説明する。なお、図6では、熱源側冷媒の流れ方向を実線矢印で、熱媒体の流れ方向を破線矢印で示している。
上述したように、第1熱媒体流路切替装置22a~22d、第1熱媒体流路切替装置23a~23dはたとえば三方弁から構成されている。図7Aは各熱媒体流路切替装置22、23の開放動作開始から開放完了までの時間と開度との関係を示すグラフ、図7Bは各開度=0、500、1000における熱媒体の流れの様子を示す模式図である。図7Aに示すように、上記第1熱媒体流路切替装置22及び第2熱媒体流路切替装置23は、開度によりリニアに流量及び方向が変化するものであって、開度=0から最大開度=1000になるまでたとえば5秒必要となる。また、図7Bに示すように、第1熱媒体流路切替装置22は、開度により3段階に制御される。1段階目の開度=0では、右からの流路の100%上側へ流す。2段階目の開度=500では、右からの流路の50%上側、50%を左側へ流す。3段階目の開度=1000では、右からの流路の100%を左側へ流す。一方、第2熱媒体流路切替装置23は、開度により3段階に制御される。1段階目の開度=0では、右への流路の100%が上側から流れる。2段階目の開度=500では、右への流路の50%が上側、50%が左側から流れる。3段階目の開度=1000では、右への流路の100%が左側から流れる。
作動制御手段60は、熱媒体変換機制御装置52内に設けられたものであって、開放・閉止する第1熱媒体流路切替装置22a~22d、第2熱媒体流路切替装置23a~23d、熱媒体流量調整装置25a~25dに駆動信号を出力する作動装置(制御コントローラ)を有している。この作動装置は複数の弁装置を同時に駆動することはできず、個々の第1熱媒体流路切替装置22a~22d、第1熱媒体流路切替装置23a~23d、熱媒体流量調整装置25a~25dに時間差を設けて駆動信号を送出するようになっている。ここで、作動制御手段60は、限られた数の作動装置を有するものであって、たとえば1個~3個の作動装置を有している。
Claims (8)
- 圧縮機、熱源側熱交換器、複数の絞り装置、複数の熱媒体間熱交換器の冷媒側流路、循環経路を切り替える複数の冷媒流路切替装置を冷媒配管で接続して熱源側冷媒を循環させる冷媒循環回路と、
ポンプ、複数の利用側熱交換器、複数の熱媒体流路切替装置、複数の熱媒体流量調整装置、前記熱媒体間熱交換器の熱媒体側流路を熱媒体配管で接続して熱媒体を循環させる熱媒体循環回路と、
1つの前記利用側熱交換器に接続された前記熱媒体流路切替装置及び前記複数の熱媒体流量調整装置の開放動作を行った後に、他の前記利用側熱交換器の前記熱媒体流量調整装置を行うように制御する作動制御手段と
を備え、
前記作動制御手段は、前記複数の熱媒体流路切替装置及び前記複数の熱媒体流量調整装置の作動開始よりも前記ポンプの駆動開始時期が遅くなるように前記ポンプを制御する機能を有することを特徴とする空気調和装置。 - 前記作動制御手段は、前記複数の利用側熱交換器のうち、いずれか1つの前記利用側熱交換器に接続された前記熱媒体流路切替装置及び前記熱媒体流量調整装置の双方が開放状態になったときに前記ポンプの駆動を開始することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の空気調和装置。
- 前記作動制御手段は、前記ポンプの駆動開始前において通常運転時のポンプ容量よりも小さいポンプ容量で前記ポンプを準備運転させるとともに、前記ポンプの駆動開始時期の経過後に前記通常運転時のポンプ容量で前記ポンプを駆動するものであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の空気調和装置。
- 前記作動制御手段は、前記複数の熱媒体流路切替装置の開放動作を順次行った後に前記複数の熱媒体流量調整装置の開放動作を順次行うように制御することを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の空気調和装置。
- 前記作動制御手段は、前記複数の利用側熱交換器毎に前記熱媒体流路切替装置及び前記熱媒体流量調整装置の開放動作を順次行うように制御することを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の空気調和装置。
- 前記作動制御手段は、すべての前記熱媒体流路切替装置及びすべての前記熱媒体流量調整装置の開放動作を1つずつ順次行う作動装置を有することを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の空気調和装置。
- 前記作動制御手段は、前記複数の熱媒体流路切替装置の開放動作を順次行う作動装置と、前記複数の熱媒体流量調整装置の開放動作を順次行う別の作動装置とを備えたことを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の空気調和装置。
- 前記作動制御手段は、前記熱媒体流路切替装置及び前記熱媒体流量調整装置の開放動作を並列に行う2つの作動装置を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の空気調和装置。
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CN201280077109.4A CN104781614B (zh) | 2012-11-30 | 2012-11-30 | 空气调节装置 |
JP2014549725A JP5837231B2 (ja) | 2012-11-30 | 2012-11-30 | 空気調和装置 |
PCT/JP2012/081069 WO2014083678A1 (ja) | 2012-11-30 | 2012-11-30 | 空気調和装置 |
EP12889026.6A EP2927609B1 (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2012-11-30 | Air conditioning device |
US14/439,341 US10018390B2 (en) | 2012-11-30 | 2012-11-30 | Air-conditioning apparatus |
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EP (1) | EP2927609B1 (ja) |
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CN106123181A (zh) * | 2016-08-23 | 2016-11-16 | 广东申菱环境系统股份有限公司 | 一种蒸发冷凝无油空调系统及其控制方法 |
US20210318041A1 (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2021-10-14 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Air conditioner and flow path switching valve |
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JP6925455B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-07 | 2021-08-25 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空調システム及び空調制御方法 |
US20210025627A1 (en) * | 2018-04-05 | 2021-01-28 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Air-conditioning apparatus |
WO2019231017A1 (ko) | 2018-05-31 | 2019-12-05 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 순환수 전달 장치 및 이를 포함하는 순환수 전달 시스템 |
CN113383197B (zh) * | 2019-02-05 | 2023-02-28 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 空调装置的控制装置、室外机、中继机、热源机以及空调装置 |
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- 2012-11-30 CN CN201280077109.4A patent/CN104781614B/zh active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN104781614A (zh) | 2015-07-15 |
US10018390B2 (en) | 2018-07-10 |
JPWO2014083678A1 (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
EP2927609A4 (en) | 2016-08-03 |
EP2927609B1 (en) | 2020-01-15 |
EP2927609A1 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
CN104781614B (zh) | 2017-11-17 |
JP5837231B2 (ja) | 2015-12-24 |
US20150260440A1 (en) | 2015-09-17 |
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