WO2014082428A1 - 高炉炼铁的节能富氧方法 - Google Patents

高炉炼铁的节能富氧方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014082428A1
WO2014082428A1 PCT/CN2013/075654 CN2013075654W WO2014082428A1 WO 2014082428 A1 WO2014082428 A1 WO 2014082428A1 CN 2013075654 W CN2013075654 W CN 2013075654W WO 2014082428 A1 WO2014082428 A1 WO 2014082428A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oxygen
blast furnace
air
enriched
ironmaking
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/075654
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王林
田妍妍
Original Assignee
Wang Lin
Tian Yanyan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wang Lin, Tian Yanyan filed Critical Wang Lin
Publication of WO2014082428A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014082428A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an oxygen enrichment method in the production of blast furnace oxygen-enriched coal-fired iron making, in particular to an energy-saving and oxygen-enriching method for blast furnace iron making.
  • blast furnace iron making in order to improve quality and efficiency, and reduce costs, basically adopts an oxygen-enriched coal injection process.
  • the oxygen enrichment in the oxygen-enriched coal injection process is to connect the oxygen nozzle before the hot air inlet of the blast furnace, so as to increase the total oxygen content in the hot air entering the blast furnace by about 10%; and the hot air blown into the blast furnace is the blast furnace.
  • the fan compresses the air to about 0.45 MPa, and then heats it to about 1000-1400 °C through a hot blast stove, and blows it into the blast furnace from a ring of air in the lower part of the blast furnace to perform iron making.
  • This oxygen enrichment method has the following problems:
  • an oxygen compressor of 0.8 MPa or more is required to make the oxygen pressure higher than the pressure of the hot air inlet of the blast furnace to ensure that oxygen is injected into the blast furnace. If the existing oxygen production equipment is used, the oxygen outlet pressure is generally 15 kPa. It is necessary to use an oxygen compressor to compress the oxygen from 15 kPa to 0.8 MPa, which will increase equipment investment and daily maintenance, and increase production costs. It also causes energy waste and pollution.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving and oxygen-enriching method for blast furnace iron making, which can overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and can directly supply oxygen-enriched air to the blast furnace by using a blast furnace blower, which can not only uniformly mix oxygen, but also improve stability. And it can also effectively reduce equipment investment, reduce energy consumption and production costs, and be more environmentally friendly.
  • the energy-saving and oxygen-enriching method for blast furnace ironmaking is: oxygen in the oxygen-enriched coal injection process of blast furnace ironmaking is directly mixed into the blast furnace blower and air by the oxygen-making equipment to form oxygen-enriched air having an oxygen content of 21 to 31%.
  • the oxygen-enriched air is compressed in a blast furnace blower and heated into a hot air furnace to be heated to 1000-1400 ° C. Then directly enter the blast furnace to participate in the ironmaking reaction.
  • the invention adopts the above technical solution, because the oxygen in the oxygen-enriched coal injection process of the blast furnace iron making is directly mixed into the blast furnace blower and the air to form oxygen-enriched air, and the oxygen-enriched air is compressed into the hot air in the blower.
  • the furnace is heated to 1000-1400 °C, and then directly into the blast furnace to participate in the ironmaking reaction.
  • the method not only can mix oxygen evenly, can improve stability, and does not need to be equipped with a dedicated oxygen compressor, which can effectively reduce equipment investment and equipment maintenance cost, can reduce energy consumption and reduce production cost and more. Environmental protection.
  • it is very convenient to renovate the original production line of blast furnace ironmaking, as long as the oxygen outlet of the oxygen plant is connected to the inlet of the blast furnace blower.
  • the drawing shows the process flow chart of the energy-saving and oxygen-enriching method for blast furnace ironmaking.
  • the oxygen outlet of the oxygen generating device is connected to the negative pressure pipe between the blast furnace blower and the air filter through a flame arrester, a regulating valve, a flow meter, a pipe and a one-way valve, and communicates with the air inlet of the blast furnace blower, the blast furnace
  • the air outlet of the air blower is connected to a hot air inlet of the lower part of the blast furnace through the hot air furnace.
  • Oxygen enrichment in the oxygen-enriched coal injection process of blast furnace ironmaking is carried out by the oxygen outlet of the oxygen plant through the flame arrester, the regulating valve, the flow meter, the pipe, and the check valve into the suction pipe of the blast furnace blower to form oxygen-enriched air.
  • the total oxygen content in the oxygen-enriched air can be increased by 1 to 10%.
  • the oxygen-enriched air is compressed by the suction pipe of the blast furnace blower into the blast furnace blower to compress the oxygen-enriched air to 0.45 MPa, and then heated to about 1000-1400 ° C in a hot blast stove, and then a hot air vent from the lower part of the blast furnace. Blow into the blast furnace to participate in the ironmaking reaction.
  • the blast furnace blower is an air compressor, and the suction duct of the blast furnace blower refers to a negative pressure pipeline between the blast furnace blower and the air filter.
  • the preheated oxygen-enriched air preheated by the hot blast stove at about 1000-1400 °C is blown from the air inlet of the lower part of the blast furnace and injected.
  • Pulverized coal at which temperature coke and pulverized coal react with oxygen in the preheated oxygen-enriched air that is bubbled in to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
  • the carbon monoxide and hydrogen act as reducing agents to chemically react with iron ore at high temperatures.
  • the iron oxides Fe 2 0 3 , Fe 3 0 4 , FeO in the ore are reduced to metal molten iron, which is discharged from the blast furnace tap hole, and the gas is led out from the top of the blast furnace. After dust removal, part of it is used to heat the oxygen-enriched air in the hot blast stove. A part is used as industrial gas, and the generated slag is discharged from the blast furnace slag outlet.

Abstract

一种高炉炼铁的节能富氧方法，其中高炉炼铁的富氧喷煤工艺中的氧气，是由制氧设备直接进入高炉鼓风机与空气混合，形成氧气质量含量为21-31%的富氧空气，该富氧空气在高炉鼓风机内经压缩后进入热风炉加热至1000-1400°C，再直接进入高炉内参加炼铁反应。该方法不仅能使氧气混合均匀，可提高稳定性，而且不需要再配备专用的氧气压缩机，可有效地减少设备投资及设备的维护费用，既能降低能耗又能降低生产成本而且环保。同时，对高炉炼铁的原有生产线改造非常方便，只要把制氧设备的氧气出口与高炉鼓风机进气口连接即可。

Description

高炉炼铁的节能富氧方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高炉富氧喷煤炼铁生产中的富氧方法， 特别是高炉炼铁的 节能富氧方法。
背景技术
目前的高炉炼铁， 为了提高质量和效率， 降低成本， 基本上都采用富氧喷 煤工艺。 富氧喷煤工艺中的富氧， 是在高炉的一圈热风进口前接氧气喷口， 以 便在进入高炉的热风中增加约 1一 10%的总含氧量；而吹入高炉的热风是高炉风 机把空气压缩到约 0.45MPa，然后经过热风炉加热到约 1000— 1400 °C的热空气， 从高炉下部的一圈风口吹进高炉内， 进行炼铁。 这种富氧方法存在着如下的问 题：
( 1 ) 由于要在高炉的热风中加入氧气， 若制氧设备的氧气出口接在高炉的 一圈热风进口前的总管上， 则氧气进口与高炉的各个热风口的间距远近差别很 大， 很难保证氧气混合均匀随热风进入高炉每个进口； 若在高炉的一圈热风进 口的每个喷口管上均接一个氧气进口， 这样虽然氧气能够混合均匀进入高炉的 每一个热风口， 但安装、 使用麻烦， 且控制成本高， 不便于使用。
(2) 由于高炉工作时所需热风的压力约 0.45MPa， 需要配备一台 0.8MPa 以上的氧气压缩机， 才能使得氧气压力高于高炉热风进口的压力， 以保证氧气 喷进高炉内。 若用现有的制氧设备， 其氧气出口压力一般是 15kPa， 需要用氧气 压缩机把氧气从 15kPa压缩到 0.8MPa的压力才行，这会增加设备投资及日常维 护， 就要提高生产成本， 还会造成能源浪费和污染。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高炉炼铁的节能富氧方法， 它能够克服已有技 术的不足， 该方法可利用高炉鼓风机直接向高炉提供富氧空气， 不仅能使氧气 混合均匀， 提高稳定性， 而且还能有效地减少设备投资， 降低能耗及生产成本， 更环保。
高炉炼铁的节能富氧方法是： 高炉炼铁的富氧喷煤工艺中的氧气， 是由制 氧设备直接进入高炉鼓风机与空气混合， 形成氧气质量含量为 21— 31%的富氧 空气， 该富氧空气在高炉鼓风机内经压缩后， 进入热风炉加热至 1000— 1400°C， 再直接进入高炉内参加炼铁反应。
本发明采用上述技术方案， 由于高炉炼铁的富氧喷煤工艺中的氧气， 是由 制氧设备直接进入高炉鼓风机与空气混合而形成富氧空气， 该富氧空气在鼓风 机内经压缩后进入热风炉加热至 1000— 1400 °C，再直接进入高炉参加炼铁反应。 该方法不仅能使氧气混合均匀， 可提高稳定性， 而且也不需要再配备专用的氧 气压缩机， 可有效地减少设备投资及设备的维护费用， 既能降低能耗又能降低 生产成本而且更环保。 同时， 对高炉炼铁的原有生产线改造非常方便， 只要把 制氧设备的氧气出口与高炉鼓风机进气口连接， 即可。
附图说明
附图为高炉炼铁的节能富氧方法工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图详细描述本发明的具体实施方式。
附图中， 制氧设备的氧气出口经阻火器、 调节阀、 流量计、 管道、 单向阀 接在高炉鼓风机和空气过滤器之间的负压管道上， 与高炉鼓风机的进风口相通， 高炉鼓风机的出风口经热风炉与高炉下部的一圈热风进口相连通。 高炉炼铁的 富氧喷煤工艺中的富氧， 是由制氧设备的氧气出口经过阻火器、 调节阀、 流量 计、 管道、 单向阀进入高炉鼓风机的吸气管道中， 形成富氧空气， 该富氧空气 中的氧气质量总含量可增加 1一 10%。所述富氧空气由高炉鼓风机的吸气管道进 入高炉鼓风机内进行压缩，把富氧空气压缩到 0.45MPa，然后进入热风炉加热到 约 1000— 1400°C， 再从高炉下部的一圈热风口吹进高炉内参加炼铁反应。 所述 的高炉鼓风机为空气压缩机， 而所述的高炉鼓风机的吸气管道是指高炉鼓风机 与空气过滤器之间的负压管道。
当将铁矿石、 焦炭及熔剂从高炉炉顶不断地装入高炉内， 而从高炉下部的 进风口吹进经热风炉预热的约 1000— 1400 °C的预热富氧空气并喷入煤粉， 在此 温度下焦炭、 煤粉同鼓入的预热富氧空气中的氧反应生成一氧化碳和氢气， 该 一氧化碳和氢气作为还原剂， 在高温下与铁矿石发生化学反应， 将铁矿石中的 铁氧化物 Fe203、 Fe304、 FeO等还原成金属铁水， 从高炉出铁口排出， 煤气从 高炉顶导出， 经除尘后， 一部分用于热风炉加热富氧空气， 一部分作为工业用 煤气被应用， 而生成的炉渣从高炉出渣口排出。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种高炉炼铁的节能富氧方法， 其特征在于高炉炼铁的富氧喷煤工艺中 的氧气， 是由制氧设备直接进入高炉鼓风机与空气混合， 形成氧气质量含量为
21— 31%的富氧空气， 该富氧空气在高炉鼓风机内经压缩后，进入热风炉加热至 1000— 1400 °C , 再直接进入高炉内参加炼铁反应。
PCT/CN2013/075654 2012-11-27 2013-05-15 高炉炼铁的节能富氧方法 WO2014082428A1 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102978308B (zh) * 2012-11-27 2014-06-25 王林 高炉炼铁的节能富氧方法
CN112921141B (zh) * 2021-01-25 2022-04-12 王文超 一种氢能炼铁装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59129706A (ja) * 1983-01-18 1984-07-26 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd 高炉用送風装置
JP2001131616A (ja) * 1999-11-11 2001-05-15 Nkk Corp 高炉の操業方法及び焼結炉の操業方法
CN102010919A (zh) * 2010-12-24 2011-04-13 鞍山普贝达科技有限公司 一种高炉富氧热风鼓风工艺及其应用的装置
CN102776304A (zh) * 2012-08-27 2012-11-14 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 高炉鼓风富氧节能工艺及装置
CN102978308A (zh) * 2012-11-27 2013-03-20 王林 高炉炼铁的节能富氧方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59129706A (ja) * 1983-01-18 1984-07-26 Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd 高炉用送風装置
JP2001131616A (ja) * 1999-11-11 2001-05-15 Nkk Corp 高炉の操業方法及び焼結炉の操業方法
CN102010919A (zh) * 2010-12-24 2011-04-13 鞍山普贝达科技有限公司 一种高炉富氧热风鼓风工艺及其应用的装置
CN102776304A (zh) * 2012-08-27 2012-11-14 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 高炉鼓风富氧节能工艺及装置
CN102978308A (zh) * 2012-11-27 2013-03-20 王林 高炉炼铁的节能富氧方法

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