WO2014076914A1 - 光源装置 - Google Patents
光源装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014076914A1 WO2014076914A1 PCT/JP2013/006587 JP2013006587W WO2014076914A1 WO 2014076914 A1 WO2014076914 A1 WO 2014076914A1 JP 2013006587 W JP2013006587 W JP 2013006587W WO 2014076914 A1 WO2014076914 A1 WO 2014076914A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light
- prism
- angle
- guide plate
- light guide
- Prior art date
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0058—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide
- G02B6/0061—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide varying in density, size, shape or depth along the light guide to provide homogeneous light output intensity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0038—Linear indentations or grooves, e.g. arc-shaped grooves or meandering grooves, extending over the full length or width of the light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0051—Diffusing sheet or layer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light guide plate used for a liquid crystal panel and an edge light type backlight for illumination.
- the backlight unit mainly includes a light source and a light guide plate that guides light emitted from the light source to emit light.
- backlight units are classified into direct type and edge light type depending on the position of the light source.
- direct type a large number of light sources such as cold cathode tubes and LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) are provided directly under the liquid crystal panel, and light incident from the light sources is diffused through a plurality of optical sheets to display a liquid crystal display. Irradiate the instrument panel.
- edge light system a light guide plate is used, a light source is provided at a side end, and light incident from the light source is diffused by the light guide plate and irradiated to the liquid crystal display panel through a plurality of optical sheets.
- FIG. 11 shows an example of an edge light type optical module unit employing LEDs.
- a diffusion sheet 12 is disposed above the light guide plate 13, and the diffusion sheet 12 diffuses light emitted from the light guide plate 13 widely.
- a first prism sheet 20 is disposed above the diffusion sheet 12
- a second prism sheet 21 is disposed above the first prism sheet 20
- an optical sheet 22 is disposed above the second prism sheet 21.
- the brightness is increased by condensing the light in the viewing direction.
- a reflection sheet 17 is disposed below the light guide plate 13, and light leaked downward from the light guide plate 13 is returned to the light guide plate 13 to make effective use of the light again.
- FIG. 12 shows a configuration of a conventional light guide plate 13 described in Patent Document 1.
- a light source composed of a light guide plate 13 and LEDs 16 that are light generation units disposed at both ends of the light guide plate 13, and the plurality of light guides that guide the light from the light source to the liquid crystal cell.
- the composite sheet group 18 is mainly configured.
- a plurality of prisms 14 a to 14 c are formed on the reflecting prism surface (lower surface) of the light guide plate 13 at a predetermined interval.
- the cross-sectional shapes of the plurality of prisms 14a to 14c formed on the reflecting prism surface are determined in consideration of the light path of the direct light from the LED 16 and the reflected light reflected from the LED 16 on the light exit surface. That is, when the light from the LED 16 is emitted to the composite sheet group 18, the light 25 is directed directly from the LED 16 toward the reflecting prism surface (lower surface), and is emitted from the LED 16 and once reflected at the light emitting surface and then toward the reflecting prism surface. There are two lights, light 26. In order to efficiently guide light to the composite sheet group 18, it is necessary to determine the cross-sectional shape of the prism in consideration of these two optical paths.
- the cross-sectional shape of the substantially central prism 14a is an isosceles triangle having a tip angle (T °) of 100 ° and an inclination angle (a1) of 40 °.
- the depth of the prism 14a is D1.
- the cross-sectional shape of the prism 14b at a position 1/4 from the end of the light guide plate 13 is a triangle having a tip angle (T °) of 100 ° and an inclination angle (a2) of 34.8 °.
- the depth of the prism 14b is D2.
- the cross-sectional shape of the prism 14c at the end of the light guide plate 13 is a triangle having a tip angle (T °) of 100 ° and an inclination angle (a3) of 24.05 °.
- the depth of the prism 14c is D3.
- the tip angles T of the prisms 14a to 14c are constant for all the prisms
- the inclination angles of the prisms 14a to 14c are set to increase from the side closer to the LED 16 toward the center
- the prism depth is set to the LED 16. It is set to deepen from the near side to the center.
- the plurality of prisms 14a to 14c formed on the reflecting prism surface of the light guide plate 13 have a cross-sectional shape in consideration of the optical path of the direct light from the LED 16 and the reflected light reflected from the LED 16 on the light exit surface. Have each.
- the viewing angle characteristics are obtained because the tip angle T of the prism is one type.
- the deming characteristic is an area light emission characteristic.
- the black part in the screen does not emit light and the bright part is lit. This is a characteristic for improving the contrast ratio.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problem.
- Light is incident from an incident surface, and a plurality of prisms formed on the reflecting prism surface are reflected directly from the LED 16 and reflected light from the LED 16 on the light emitting surface.
- the cross-sectional shape is a substantially V-shaped groove, and the substantially V-shaped groove has two or more types of cross-sectional shapes, ensuring viewing angle characteristics and suppressing luminance unevenness.
- a light guide plate 13 that increases luminance and improves deming performance.
- an incident surface on which light emitted from a light source is incident an exit surface that emits light incident from the incident surface, and a surface facing the exit surface, and light incident from the incident surface
- a propagation reflecting surface that propagates and reflects the light toward the exit surface the propagation reflecting surface having a substantially V-shaped groove, and the substantially V-shaped groove having two or more types of cross-sectional shapes.
- a light plate is used.
- the light guide plate of the present invention is a light guide plate that ensures viewing angle characteristics, has high front luminance, and has improved deming performance.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light guide plate for explaining a basic embodiment.
- FIG. 2A is a luminance characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the first exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 2B is a luminance angle characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the first exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 2C is a prism height diagram of the light guide plate in the first exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 2D is an illuminance distribution diagram of the light guide plate in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2E is a view angle characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the first exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 3A is a luminance characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the second exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 3B is a luminance angle characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the second exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 3A is a luminance characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the second exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 3B is a luminance angle characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the second exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 3C is a prism height diagram of the light guide plate in the second exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 3D is an illuminance distribution diagram of the light guide plate in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 3E is a view angle characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the second exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 4A is a luminance characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the third exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 4B is a luminance angle characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the third exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 4C is a prism height diagram of the light guide plate in the third exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 4D is an illuminance distribution diagram of the light guide plate in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 4E is a view angle characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the third exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 4A is a luminance characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the third exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 4B is a luminance angle characteristic diagram of the light guide plate in the third exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 4C
- FIG. 5A is an angle explanatory diagram of light emitted from the light guide plate.
- FIG. 5B is a prism angle definition diagram applied to the propagation reflection surface of the light guide plate.
- FIG. 5C is a schematic optical path diagram showing a change in prism angle ⁇ applied to the propagation reflection surface of the light guide plate.
- FIG. 5D is a schematic optical path diagram according to change in prism angle ⁇ applied to the propagation reflection surface of the light guide plate in the present invention.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating a prism shape according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 6B is a relative luminous intensity diagram in the light emission direction when the prism angle in the embodiment is changed.
- FIG. 7A is a view angle characteristic diagram when prism angles are combined in the embodiment.
- FIG. 7B is a diagram illustrating the prism shape according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 8A is an optical path diagram in the first prism of the embodiment.
- FIG. 8B is an optical path diagram of the first prism in the embodiment.
- FIG. 8C is an optical path diagram in the first prism in the embodiment.
- FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating a prism shape in the embodiment.
- FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating a prism shape in the embodiment.
- FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view of the light guide plate in the embodiment.
- FIG. 10B is a diagram illustrating a change in the width of the prism in the light guide plate according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is an example of an edge light type optical module unit employing a conventional LED.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a light guide plate according to a conventional example.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic cross section of a light guide plate 13 according to the embodiment, and includes an LED 16, a light guide plate 13, a reflection sheet 17, a diffusion sheet 12, and an optical sheet 22.
- the LED 16 is a light source such as a point light source, and as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of LEDs 16 are provided side by side in the vicinity of two side surfaces on the short side of the light guide plate 13.
- the light guide plate 13 is made of a transparent resin (for example, acrylic resin, polycarbonate) or the like, and the first groove is provided on the reflective surface side (lower surface) of the light guide plate 13 to reflect light upward.
- the first prism 31 constituting the second prism 32 and the second prism 32 constituting the second groove are alternately provided.
- the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 are arranged by separating two types of prisms having different shapes, and one set of two prisms is repeatedly installed.
- the interval between the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 is an arrangement formed by repeating a regular arrangement with an equal pitch.
- the reflection sheet 17 has a function of inputting light emitted from the light guide plate 13 to the light guide plate 13 again in order to effectively use the light leaked from the light guide plate 13.
- the diffusion sheet 12 has a function of diffusing light emitted from the upper surface of the light guide plate 13.
- an optical sheet 22 is provided above the diffusion sheet 12 in order to further increase the brightness.
- a prism sheet is required, but in this method, two types of prisms are not required for the light guide plate 13.
- the light emitted from the LED 16 has a characteristic that mainly increases the front luminance in the first prism 31, and a characteristic that mainly increases the viewing angle in the second prism 32. It is possible to achieve the contradictory characteristics of improving the performance.
- the angle ⁇ of the first prism 31 mainly contributes to improving the front luminance, and the angle ⁇ mainly contributes to improving the deming characteristics.
- the angle ⁇ of the second prism 32 mainly contributes to the control of the viewing angle characteristic, and the angle ⁇ contributes to the control of the viewing angle characteristic.
- the front luminance can be increased.
- the angle ⁇ of the second prism 32 is further within the range of 60 ° ⁇ ⁇ 72 °, the viewing angle characteristic can be expanded.
- the angle may be changed depending on the location.
- a plurality of types of prisms may be used.
- the sum of the slope angles of the first prism 31 ( ⁇ + ⁇ ) and the sum of the slope angles of the second prism 32 ( ⁇ + ⁇ ) are each set to an angle larger than 90 °, thereby improving the deming property and improving the locality. Brightness unevenness can be reduced.
- Example 1-3 The above angle range will be described in Example 1-3 below.
- the angle range will be described in the following Example 1-3.
- the basic configuration of this embodiment is a configuration in which the LEDs 16 are arranged on both sides of the light guide plate 13, the same effect can be obtained even if only one end of the LEDs 16 is arranged.
- the interval between the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 applied to the reflecting surface side of the light guide plate 13 may be changed depending on the location.
- a groove substantially perpendicular to the direction of the prism groove on the lower surface may be disposed on the upper surface of the light guide plate 13.
- Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2A to 2E.
- the angles of the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 in FIG. 1 are as follows: angle ⁇ : 42 °, angle ⁇ : 62 °, angle ⁇ : 68 °, angle ⁇ : The light guide plate 13 is 48 °, and the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 are repeated.
- 2A to 2E are optical simulation results of the light guide plate 13 in this case.
- FIG. 2A shows a luminance characteristic diagram, where the horizontal axis represents the length of the light guide plate 13 in the longitudinal direction, and the vertical axis represents the luminance.
- FIG. 2A shows a luminance distribution in which both LEDs 16 emit light. Demming characteristics were also measured by causing the LED 16 on one side of the light guide plate 13 to emit light.
- the conventional demming data is data of deming characteristics for the conventional light guide plate 13 of FIG.
- the deming characteristic represents contrast (sharpness of light), and it is preferable that the luminance difference near the center is large (the inclination is large).
- FIG. 2B is a luminance angle characteristic diagram.
- the horizontal axis represents the length of the light guide plate 13 in the longitudinal direction, and the vertical axis represents the luminance. Even if the viewing angle (15 °, 30 °, 45 °) changes, the characteristics are almost the same, and even at an angle of 45 °, uniform and good angle characteristics are shown.
- the angle is an angle formed with a vertical line standing on the surface of the light guide plate 13.
- FIG. 2C is a prism height diagram of the light guide plate 13.
- the horizontal axis represents the length of the light guide plate 13 in the longitudinal direction, and the vertical axis represents the prism height.
- the height dimensions of the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 are shown. In the first embodiment, the prism height is sequentially changed.
- FIG. 2D is an illuminance distribution diagram, where the horizontal axis represents the length of the light guide plate 13 in the longitudinal direction, and the vertical axis represents the illuminance. Similar to the front luminance characteristic, it is uniform in the longitudinal direction, that is, exhibits good characteristics over the entire screen. Demming characteristics in which only one side of the LED 16 is lit are also good.
- FIG. 2E is a view angle characteristic diagram, in which the horizontal axis is an angle with respect to a perpendicular standing perpendicular to the surface of the light guide plate 13, and the vertical axis is relative intensity (luminance).
- the characteristics in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are substantially equivalent, and are gathered at a central angle as compared with the conventional characteristics, so that the front luminance is brighter and the visibility is better.
- the angles of the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 are ⁇ : 52 °, ⁇ : 52 °, ⁇ : 72 °, and ⁇ : 32, respectively.
- the light guide plate 13 includes a first prism 31 and a second prism 32 that are repeated.
- FIGS. 3A to 3E are optical simulation results of the prism shape.
- the vertical and horizontal axes in the figure are the same as those in FIGS. 2A to 2E.
- FIG. 3A is a luminance characteristic diagram, in which the horizontal axis represents the length of the light guide plate 13 in the longitudinal direction, and the vertical axis represents the luminance.
- the luminance uniformity on the entire surface is good, and the deming property is also good with respect to the conventional deming characteristics.
- FIG. 3B is a luminance angle characteristic diagram, showing almost the same characteristics even when the viewing angle is changed, and showing uniform and good angle characteristics even at an angle of 45 °.
- FIG. 3C is a prism height diagram of the light guide plate 13, showing the height dimensions of the first prism 31 and the second prism 32, and the prism height changes sequentially.
- FIG. 3D is an illuminance distribution diagram, which shows a uniform characteristic in the longitudinal direction as well as a luminance characteristic, that is, a good characteristic on the entire screen.
- FIG. 3E is a view angle characteristic diagram, and the horizontal and vertical characteristics have almost the same characteristics and are better than the conventional characteristics.
- FIG. 3 A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4A to 4E.
- the angles of the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 are ⁇ : 52 °, ⁇ : 52 °, ⁇ : 75 °, and ⁇ : 27 °, respectively.
- the light guide plate 13 includes a first prism 31 and a second prism 32 that are repeated.
- FIGS. 4A to 4E show optical simulation results with the prism shape in this case.
- the vertical and horizontal axes in the figure are the same as those in FIGS. 2A to 2E.
- FIG. 4A is a luminance characteristic diagram, where the horizontal axis represents the length of the light guide plate 13 in the longitudinal direction, and the vertical axis represents the luminance.
- the luminance uniformity on the entire surface is good, and the deming property is also good with respect to the conventional deming characteristics.
- FIG. 4B is a luminance angle characteristic diagram, showing almost the same characteristics even when the viewing angle is changed, and showing uniform and good angle characteristics even at an angle of 45 °.
- FIG. 4C is a prism height diagram showing the height dimensions of the first prism 31 and the second prism 32, and the prism height changes sequentially.
- the prism height is changed according to the ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ angles.
- the inner part is set higher so that the incident light is evenly received by each prism.
- FIG. 4D is an illuminance distribution diagram of the light guide plate 13 and shows a uniform characteristic in the longitudinal direction, that is, a good characteristic on the entire screen, similarly to the luminance characteristic.
- FIG. 4E is a view angle characteristic diagram of the light guide plate 13, and the characteristics in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction have substantially the same characteristics and are better than the conventional characteristics in FIG. 4E.
- the prism height is changed depending on the position.
- the prism height is increased as it goes inward and inward. It has a parabolic curve.
- the depths of the first groove and the second groove become deeper as they go from the incident surface to the center of the light guide plate.
- the change in depth is a parabola.
- the angle ⁇ of the first prism 31 is in the range of 42 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 52 °
- the angle ⁇ of the second prism 32 is 68 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 75 °.
- the sum of slope angles ( ⁇ + ⁇ ) of the first prism 31 and the sum of slope angles ( ⁇ + ⁇ ) of the second prism 32 are angles of 104 ° and 102 °, respectively.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram for explaining an emission angle of light emitted from the light guide plate 13. As shown in FIG. 5A, the emission angle defines the angle of light emitted from the light guide plate 13 as an opening angle from the emission surface.
- FIG. 5B is a definition diagram of the prism angle ⁇ imparted to the propagation reflection surface of the light guide plate 13.
- 5C and 5D show examples of schematic optical path diagrams according to changes in the prism angle ⁇ applied to the propagation reflecting surface of the light guide plate 13. The path of light is indicated by arrows.
- FIG. 5C shows the case where the prism angle ⁇ is 42 ° to 60 °.
- the prism angle ⁇ is 42 ° to 60 °.
- most of the light can be emitted in the vicinity of the 90 ° direction, and the front luminance can be improved.
- the viewing angle becomes narrow.
- the prism angle ⁇ is 60 °
- the maximum brightness is 100
- the spread angle at which the brightness is half is 35 °. It will be about.
- the spread angle indicates the spread indicated by hatching in FIGS. 5C and 5D.
- the prism angle ⁇ is 60 ° to 72 °, it is possible to emit a large amount of light in a direction of 90 ° or less, that is, in the incident surface direction, so that the viewing angle is widened. be able to.
- the prism angle ⁇ is 72 °, when the maximum brightness is 100, the spread angle at which the brightness is half is about 70 °.
- FIG. 6A is a definition diagram of the prism angle ⁇ imparted to the propagation reflecting surface of the light guide plate 13.
- the prism shape is defined as an isosceles triangle and the base angle is defined as the prism angle ⁇ , and the following is verified. did.
- FIG. 6B the emission direction of the light from the light guide plate 13 is shown at an emission angle of 0 ° to 180 ° from the LED 16 side shown in FIG. 5A.
- An example of the distribution of relative luminous intensity obtained by optical analysis by changing the prism angle ⁇ is shown.
- the prism angle ⁇ when the prism angle ⁇ is in the range of 42 ° to 60 °, a large amount of light can be emitted in the vicinity of the emission angle of 90 ° (in the direction of improving the front luminance), and there are no multiple peaks and valleys of relative luminous intensity. It can also be seen that the prism angle near 50 ° can emit light most in the front direction. For the above reasons, 42 ° ⁇ prism angle ⁇ ⁇ 60 ° is preferable as a range for increasing the front luminance.
- ⁇ Prism angle ⁇ prism that emits light in a direction smaller than 90 degrees
- the range of the angle ⁇ (FIG. 1) will be described.
- FIG. 6B when the prism angle ⁇ is larger than 60 °, the light spreads in the direction of the incident surface, and the light is dispersed by increasing the relative luminous intensity in the region where the emission angle is small. You can take the light.
- viewing angle characteristics are obtained by using a cross-sectional shape having a prism in which the first prism angle ⁇ is 42 ° ⁇ ⁇ 60 ° and the second prism angle ⁇ is 60 ° ⁇ ⁇ 72 ° in a balanced manner.
- the front luminance can be improved and the deming characteristics can be satisfied.
- FIG. 7A An example is shown in FIG. 7A.
- the prism angle ⁇ is 42 ° only (isosceles triangle), 60 ° (isosceles triangle) only, and two types of 42 ° and 60 ° are used (two base angles). , Not relative isosceles triangles).
- the divergence angle B which is half the brightness, is 77 ° when the angle that gives the maximum luminous intensity is 100.
- the spread angle A is 35 °. That is, one type of prism shape cannot satisfy viewing angle characteristics, front luminance, and deming properties.
- viewing angle characteristics, front luminance, and deming characteristics can be satisfied in the range of 42 ° ⁇ angle ⁇ ⁇ 60 ° and 60 ° ⁇ angle ⁇ ⁇ 72 °.
- the viewing angle characteristic, the front luminance, and the deming characteristic can be satisfied in the range of 42 ° ⁇ angle ⁇ ⁇ 60 ° and 60 ° ⁇ angle ⁇ ⁇ 72 °. it can. As a result, ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ > ⁇ .
- the first prism and the second prism may be interchanged as long as they exist alternately.
- ⁇ and ⁇ are interchanged, and ⁇ and ⁇ are interchanged.
- light can be reflected uniformly.
- FIGS. 8A to 8C show examples of optical paths of prisms.
- a prism that can extract light by total reflection (for example, light ray A in the figure), depending on the slope of the prism applied to the light guide plate 13, but a part of the light is not totally reflected. Some of them pass through to the reflection sheet 17 side (for example, the light ray B in the figure). Then, the light reflected by the reflection sheet 17 reenters the slope 50 and the slope 51 having the angles ⁇ and ⁇ .
- the incident angle 10 increases, so that the component reflected by the inclined surface 51 increases, and the optical path (F1) indicated by the broken line in FIG.
- the amount of light re-entering the inclined surface 50 increases.
- the amount of light propagating to the side opposite to the incident surface is reduced, so that the deming property is improved.
- ⁇ From physical and luminance viewpoints> 9A and 9B show the shape of the prism.
- the prism width W1 when the prism width W1 is set, if the apex angle ⁇ is large (the angle ⁇ + the angle ⁇ is smaller than 90 °), the prism has a low height (for example, h1 in FIG. 9A) and receives light. The amount is reduced.
- the prism pitch p is wide (coarse)
- the amount of light extracted by one prism increases, and local brightness unevenness due to the presence or absence of the prism is likely to occur.
- the apex angle ⁇ is an acute angle, and the angle ⁇ + the angle ⁇ is preferably larger than 90 °.
- the prism cross-sectional shape to be formed has a substantially V shape, and it is desirable that the angle ⁇ and the angle ⁇ are smaller than 90 degrees from the viewpoint of production.
- the upper limit may be changed as appropriate in consideration of the relationship with the thickness of the light guide plate, the balance of luminance distribution, and productivity. The same is true for angle ⁇ + angle ⁇ .
- the sum of the slope angles ( ⁇ + ⁇ ) and the sum ( ⁇ + ⁇ ) is larger than 90 °, and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 ° and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 °.
- FIG. 10A shows a cross-sectional view of the light guide plate 13. For simplicity, the number of prisms is reduced. LEDs 16 are installed on both end faces of the light guide plate 13.
- the unit 52 composed of the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 is repeated.
- the widths T1 and T2 and the heights H1 and H2 are different depending on the location.
- Each of the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 has a similar shape.
- FIG. 10B shows the relationship between the distance x from the end of the light guide plate 13 and the widths T1 and T2.
- f1 (x) is a function of the width T1
- f2 (x) is a function of the width T2.
- f1 (x) ⁇ f2 (x). The width increases as you go to the center.
- the height is not described, it is a similar function, so that the height is similarly increased at the center.
- the change is not discontinuous, but changes smoothly. It increases monotonously, changes slowly at the peak, and decreases monotonously.
- the distance between the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 (shortest distance between the prisms) is such that at least if the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 overlap, the effect of light reflection by the slope is reduced. must not.
- the interval is narrow, there are problems in the manufacturing process and light interference between the prisms. Therefore, it is preferable to set the interval at least half the minimum depth of the prism.
- the interval between the first prism 31 and the second prism 32 is widened, the number of prisms as a whole decreases, light reflection decreases, brightness decreases, and unevenness is likely to occur.
- the prism height should not exceed 10% of the thickness of the light guide plate 13 in order to ensure the passage of light. Preferably it does not exceed 5%.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の実施の形態1について、図1、図2A~図2Eを参照しながら説明する。
本発明の実施の形態2について、図1、図3A~図3Eを参照しながら説明する。
本発明の実施の形態3について、図1、図4A~図4Eを参照しながら説明する。実施の形態3の導光板13では、図1で、第1プリズム31と第2プリズム32の角度は、それぞれ、α:52°、β:52°、γ:75°、Δ:27°であり、第1プリズム31と第2プリズム32を繰り返した導光板13である。そして第1プリズム31と第2プリズム32を繰り返した導光板13である。
図5Aは、導光板13からの出射される光の出射角度を説明する図である。図5Aに示すように、出射角度は、導光板13から出射された光の角度を出射面からの開き角度で定義している。
図6A、図6Bを用いて、さらに詳細に説明する。図6Aは導光板13の伝播反射面に付与するプリズム角度θの定義図であり、この場合プリズム形状を二等辺三角形、底辺の角度をプリズム角度θと定義して、変化させて、以下を検証した。
最初に、角度α(図1)の範囲について説明する。図6Bに示すように、プリズム角度θが42°より小さな角度では、出射角度90°付近の相対光度の低下がある。また、相対光度の山谷が複数存在するため、発光面の視認方向を変えていくと、明るく見える角度と暗く見える角度が存在することとなり、視認性が悪くなる。
次に、角度γ(図1)の範囲について説明する。図6Bに示すように、プリズム角度θが、60°より大きくなると入射面方向へ光が広がり、出射角度の小さい領域の相対光度が高くなることで光が分散するために、視野角を広げる方向へ光をもっていくことができる。
次に、総和(角度α+角度β)と、総和(角度γ+角度Δ)とが90°よりも大きい角度がよいこと、また、角度α<角度β<90°がよい理由について説明する。
反射シート17で反射した光が、斜面50に再入射する場合(例えば同図光線C)、光の多くは入光面側方向へ伝播するため、デミング性は良くなる。
反射シート17で反射した光が斜面50に再入射する場合(例えば同図光線E)、光の多くは入光面側方向へ伝播するため、デミング性は良くなる。
α+βが90°よりも小さい角度であると、図8Bに示したように、斜面51への入射角が鋭角になりやすくなるためデミング性が悪くなること、加えて、α+βが90°より大きい場合に比べて、以下となる。
図9A、Bは、プリズムの形状を示す。図9Aに示すようにプリズム幅W1とした場合、頂角φが大きい(角度α+角度βが90°よりも小さい)と、プリズムの高さが低くなり(例えば図9Aのh1)、光を受ける量が減る。
また、形成するプリズム断面形状は略V字形を有しており、生産の観点からも、角度α、角度βは90度よりも小さいことが望ましい。また、上限は導光板板厚との関係、輝度分布のバランスや生産性を考慮して適宜変化させればよい。角度γ+角度Δにおいても同様のことが成り立つ。
上記実施の形態1から3で、プリズムの角度を説明でした。ここでは、プリズムの幅Tと高さHの関係を説明する。図10Aに、導光板13の断面図を示す。簡素化のため、プリズムの数を少なく表示している。導光板13の両端面にLED16が設置されている。
第1プリズム31と第2プリズム32の間隔(プリズム間の最短距離)は、少なくとも、第1プリズム31と第2プリズム32とが、重なると上記斜面による光の反射の効果が少なくなるので、重なってはいけない。
12 拡散シート
13 導光板
14a,14b,14c プリズム
16 LED(光源)
17 反射シート
18 複合シート群
20 第1プリズムシート
21 第2プリズムシート
22 光学シート
25,26 光
31 第1プリズム(第1溝)
32 第2プリズム(第2溝)
50,51 斜面
52 ユニット
φ 頂角
Claims (7)
- 光源と、導光板と、を含む光源装置であり、
前記導光板は、
光源から出射された光が入射する入射面と、
前記入射面から入射した光を出射する出射面と、
前記出射面に対向する面であるとともに、前記入射面から入射した光を前記出射面に向けて伝播反射させる伝播反射面と、を含み、
前記伝播反射面は、V字形溝を有し、前記V字形溝は、2種類の断面形状の繰り返しにより構成され、
前記2種類のV字形溝は、前記入射面の側から、第1溝と第2溝とが交互に並び、
前記第1溝と前記伝播反射面とのなす角度を前記入射面の側からα、β、
前記第2溝と前記伝播反射面とのなす角度を前記入射面の側からγ、Δとすると、
前記αが42度から60度未満の範囲内であり、前記γが60度から72度未満の範囲内であり、
前記Δが42度から60度未満の範囲内であり、前記βが60度から72度未満の範囲内である、光源装置。 - 前記導光板の片端のみに前記入射面が位置し、
前記第1溝と前記第2溝の深さが、前記入射面から前記導光板のもう一方の片端に行くにしたがい深くなっている請求項1に記載の光源装置。 - 前記導光板の両端に前記入射面が位置し、
前記第1溝と前記第2溝の深さが、前記入射面から前記導光板の中央に行くにしたがい深くなっている請求項1に記載の光源装置。 - 前記入射面からの距離を横軸、前記第1,2溝の深さを縦軸とした場合、前記深さの変化が放物線である請求項3に記載の光源装置。
- 前記第2溝の放物線が、前記第1溝の放物線より、前記縦軸の上方にある請求項4に記載の光源装置。
- 前記導光板の前記出射面に、光を拡散させる拡散シートが1種類のみと、前記光を集光させる光学シートが1種類のみが設けられた請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の光源装置。
- 前記出射面には、プリズムシートを設けない請求項6に記載の光源装置。
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