WO2014076554A2 - Cristallisateur pour coulage continu et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Cristallisateur pour coulage continu et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014076554A2
WO2014076554A2 PCT/IB2013/002565 IB2013002565W WO2014076554A2 WO 2014076554 A2 WO2014076554 A2 WO 2014076554A2 IB 2013002565 W IB2013002565 W IB 2013002565W WO 2014076554 A2 WO2014076554 A2 WO 2014076554A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tubular body
plates
crystallizer
peripheral surface
edges
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2013/002565
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2014076554A3 (fr
Inventor
Alfredo Poloni
Original Assignee
Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche Spa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche Spa filed Critical Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche Spa
Publication of WO2014076554A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014076554A2/fr
Publication of WO2014076554A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014076554A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/055—Cooling the moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/057—Manufacturing or calibrating the moulds

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a crystallizer for continuous casting provided with a plurality of channels made in its walls and through which a cooling liquid is made to pass.
  • the crystallizer is used in the steel-making field to cast billets or blooms of any type and section, preferably square or rectangular, but also polygonal in general, or round.
  • Crystallizers are known for casting billets or blooms, having a tubular body inside which the liquid metal is cooled. It is also known to provide that the tubular body is provided, in the thickness of its walls and for at least part of the longitudinal development, with a plurality of channels having a shape and sizes suitable for the passage of a cooling liquid. The channels can be reciprocally interconnected to define a closed cooling circuit.
  • the operations to make the cooling channels along the length of the tubular crystallizer are particularly complex and costly in terms of time and the equipment used. They require complex operations of holing and finishing so as to define passage channels that optimize the flow of the cooling liquid. Consequently, the costs and times of making the crystallizer are very high.
  • Crystallizers are also known that comprise a first component, with an oblong development and a tubular shape, and a second component, also tubular and associated externally and in contact with the external surface of the first component
  • the first component on its external peripheral surface, is provided with a plurality of grooves, open toward the outside and made along at least part of its length.
  • the second component is associated to the first component by mechanical connection means, for example bolts, pins, nuts, tie rods or suchlike, to maintain a close contact between the external surface of the first component and the internal surface of the second component.
  • the grooves are therefore closed by the internal wall of the second component to define closed channels through which the cooling liquid is made to circulate during use.
  • the second component comprises a plurality of plates, each of which is associated by means of said connection means to an external surface portion of the first component.
  • the operations to assemble the first and second component are particularly complex and long.
  • a crystallizer for continuous casting is also known from document WO-A- 00/41830, comprising a first tubular component provided on its external surface with a plurality of longitudinal grooves.
  • the crystallizer also comprises a plurality of plates that are applied on the external surface of the first component to close the grooves and define, together with the latter, channels for the passage of a cooling liquid.
  • the first tubular component in cross section, has a polygonal shape with rounded edges, both on the internal surface and on the external surface.
  • the rounded configuration of the edges of the first tubular component entails a uniform thickness of the whole first tubular component.
  • This condition of uniform thickness confers on the crystallizer a considerable rigidity which, during use, due to the thermal dilation and mechanical stresses, entails an accumulation of plastic deformation and hence a state of internal tension.
  • the internal tensions exceed the resistance limit of the material, thus leading to the formation of cracks, generally in correspondence with the center line of the faces.
  • This phenomenon is even more accentuated in the zone astride the meniscus.
  • This disadvantage is even more serious when a crack formed on the surface is propagated to one of the holes or cooling channels. In this case, the cooling liquid comes into contact with the molten metal passing through the crystallizer and generates dangerous explosions.
  • One purpose of the present invention is to manufacture a crystallizer for continuous casting that guarantees that high quality cast products are obtained, and that the products are cast with high productivity and in total safety.
  • Another purpose is to manufacture a crystallizer for continuous casting which has high heat exchange efficiency and long working life.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to perfect a method for manufacturing a crystallizer for continuous casting of the type indicated above that is simple, quick to make and that allows to reduce the costs of manufacturing the crystallizer.
  • the Applicant has devised, tested and embodied the present invention to overcome the shortcomings of the state of the art and to obtain these and other purposes and advantages.
  • a crystallizer for continuous casting comprises a tubular body with an oblong development through which, during use, the molten metal to be cast passes, and a plurality of plates associated with the external peripheral surface of the tubular body.
  • the tubular body is made in a single body, that is, in a single monolithic piece, and is provided in its external peripheral surface with a plurality of longitudinal grooves open toward the outside.
  • the plates are intimately and permanently coupled to the external peripheral surface of the tubular body in order to close the longitudinal grooves and to define channels for the passage of a cooling liquid.
  • the plates when coupled to the tubular body, the plates are detached from each other, that is, reciprocally distanced from each other, and define a reciprocal separation gap between adj acent plates .
  • Providing a tubular body in a single body not only increases the mechanical resistance against deformations, but also allows to obtain a continuous heat exchange in the whole cross section of the crystallizer. In fact, in this case, possible discontinuities are prevented, which alter the heat transfer capacity and which generate zones with differentiated cooling in the crystallizer. Such zones would be particularly harmful with regard to the final quality of the metal product cast.
  • Making grooves on the external surface of the tubular body is particularly easy and quick, compared with making the cooling channels in the thickness of the tubular body.
  • the intimate and permanent coupling of the plates to the tubular body prevents having to use and apply dedicated connection means, such as for example threaded connections which not only increase the number of components that make up the crystallizer, but also increase the production times and costs. Furthermore, the intimate and permanent coupling guarantees a watertight seal between the channels even if, in the latter, cooling liquids are made to circulate with high working pressures.
  • the tubular body has a polygonal section shape, with beveled edges made on the external surface of the tubular body and with mating and opposite rounded edges on the internal peripheral surface of the tubular body.
  • the rounded edges and the beveled edges define a reduction in thickness of the material in correspondence to the connection edges between the walls.
  • the combined effect of the configuration of the plates detached from each other, the beveled edges and the rounded edges of the tubular body means that the edges act as hinges around which the walls of the tubular body can rotate, so that the stresses and zones where the tensions accumulate, as the casting cycles follow each other, remain localized in the edges, reducing the possibility of creating cracks in the central zone of the walls, as happens in state-of-the-art crystallizers.
  • the solution according to the present invention therefore allows to make the crystallizer more yielding in the zone in correspondence with the edges where there are no cooling channels.
  • the central zone of the walls of the crystallizer, where there are the cooling channels, are without tensions, and hence less subject to the formation of cracks.
  • the elastic yielding of the crystallizer around the edges is particularly advantageous especially at high casting speeds.
  • the reciprocal separation gap between adjacent plates is defined by the thickness of the adjacent plates and by the beveled edge.
  • the intimate and permanent coupling is achieved using the brazing technique.
  • a perfect union of the two components is obtained and a suitable mechanical resistance distributed equally over the whole coupling zone between the two components, which practically become a single structure.
  • the present invention also concerns the method for manufacturing a crystallizer for continuous casting as described above.
  • - fig. 1 is a view of a longitudinal section of a crystallizer for continuous casting according to the present invention
  • - fig. 2 is a section view from II to II of fig. 1 ;
  • - fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a detail of fig. 2 according to a variant
  • - fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a detail of fig. 3 according to another variant form of embodiment.
  • a crystallizer for continuous casting is indicated in its entirety by the reference number 10 and comprises a tubular body 11 with a longitudinal development along a longitudinal axis Z, and is provided with an external peripheral surface 12 and an internal peripheral surface 13 defining a through cavity which, during use, is in contact with the metal material cast.
  • the tubular body 11 is defined in this case by four walls 15 reciprocally connected with each other in a single body to define a substantially tubular rectangular section shape, in this case square.
  • the tubular body 11 is provided in its external peripheral surface 12 with beveled edges 14 that connect the adjacent walls 15 to each other.
  • the beveled edges 14 have a rectilinear development.
  • the beveled edges 14 have a bevel angle a, estimated with respect to the plan development of one of the walls 15 between which the beveled edge 14 is interposed, comprised between 30° and 60°, preferably between 40° and 50°, in this case about 45°.
  • the internal peripheral surface 13 of the tubular body 11 is provided with rounded edges 27 which internally connect the walls 15 of the tubular body 11 with each other, and disposed opposite the mating beveled edges 14.
  • the beveled edges 14 have a curved development with a less accentuated curvature than the rounded edges 27.
  • the external peripheral surface 12 of the tubular body 11 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal grooves 16 made along the longitudinal development of the tubular body 1 1.
  • the longitudinal grooves 16 are closed by plates 19, each of which is connected to the external peripheral surface 12 of the tubular body 1 1, to define cooling channels 20 in which a cooling fluid is made to circulate, as will be described hereafter.
  • longitudinal grooves 16 are made substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis Z.
  • the longitudinal grooves 16 have a substantially rectangular section shape, with rounded tops, although other section shapes are not excluded.
  • the longitudinal grooves 16 have a trapezoidal section shape, that is, dovetailed.
  • the longitudinal grooves 16 are disposed with a larger base 17 of the trapezoidal section facing toward the internal part of the tubular body 1 1, and a smaller base 18 of the trapezoidal section facing toward the external peripheral surface 12.
  • the heat exchange capacity toward the internal part of the tubular body 1 1 is increased, given the greater heat exchange surface and the greater quantity of cooling liquid in circulation.
  • the overall extension of the contact surface between the tubular body 1 1 and the plates 19 is kept unchanged.
  • the internal peripheral surface 13 of the tubular body 1 1 has suitably rounded peripheral edges to prevent, in said zones, any intensification of the cooling action on the metal cast.
  • the tubular body 11 has a polygonal section shape, also chosen according to the type of metal product that the crystallizer 10 has to obtain. In this case too, the edges between adjacent walls are suitably beveled.
  • the tubular body 1 1 is made of copper or alloys thereof, such as a copper- silver alloy, or a copper-chromium-zirconium alloy.
  • the internal peripheral surface 13 of the tubular body 1 1 is covered with a covering layer, with the function of increasing resistance to wear, and also to allow the molten metal to flow with low friction.
  • the covering layer is made of material comprising an alloy of chromium or nickel-chromium.
  • the plates 19 are made of a material that can be an alloy of copper-silver or steel.
  • Each plate 19 is substantially flat, with an overall length equal to or less than the longitudinal extension of the longitudinal grooves 16, and a width L less than the width B of the wall 15, or rather the surface portion of the wall 15 affected by the longitudinal grooves 16.
  • a reciprocal separation gap G is defined between the plates 19.
  • the reciprocal separation gap G between the plates 19 is defined by the thickness of the adjacent plates 19 and the beveled edge 14.
  • each plate 19 is connected to the tubular body 11 so as to prevent any reciprocal contact with the other plates 19 adjacent to it, even when the crystallizer 10 is thermally dilated.
  • the plates 19, in this case four plates 19, one for each wall 15, are connected to the tubular body 1 1 by means of a connection material 21.
  • connection material 21 consists of a brazing material.
  • brazing material is chosen from a group comprising alloys based on tin, lead, copper, silver, zinc or combinations thereof.
  • connection between the tubular body 11 and the plates 19 is obtained by gluing, or rather using a gluing material.
  • connection material 21 is a gluing material chosen from a group comprising at least epoxy resins, chinoacrylates or similar or comparable glues, suitable for the particular use.
  • the cooling channels 20 are configured to resist pressure stresses exerted by the cooling liquid of about 20 bar.
  • the type of connection material 21 to be used is also evaluated.
  • the cooling fluid allows to obtain a uniform cooling of the whole cross section of the crystallizer 10.
  • the internal peripheral surface 13 of the tubular body 11 is kept at a temperature of about 350°C
  • the surface of the cooling channels 20 disposed nearest the internal peripheral surface 13 is kept at a temperature of about 160°C
  • the interface zone between the tubular body 1 1 and each of the plates 19 is kept at a temperature of about 60°C
  • the external surface of the plates 19 is kept at a temperature of about 30°C.
  • the interface zone between tubular body 1 1 and each of the plates 19, that is, the zone where there is the connection material 21, is at a relatively low temperature, so as to preserve the capacity for sealing and connecting of the connection material 21. This cooling action is even more accentuated if it is provided to make longitudinal grooves 16 with a trapezoidal conformation as shown in fig. 3.
  • the tubular body 1 1 has a thickness comprised between 15 mm and 25 mm, while the plates 19 have a thickness comprised between 5 mm and 15 mm.
  • longitudinal grooves 16 that are rectangular in shape, these have a width comprised between 5 mm and 12 mm and a depth comprised between 10 mm and 15 mm.
  • the ends of the tubular body 1 1 are in turn connected to support and oscillation means 22 of the crystallizer 10.
  • Each of the support and oscillation means 22 connected to one of the ends of the tubular body 1 1 comprises a first flange 23 and a second flange 24 disposed one above the other and reciprocally connected with each other.
  • hydraulic sealing means 25 are interposed, in this case an O-ring.
  • the longitudinal grooves 16 extend for a determinate length which is less than the whole longitudinal development of the tubular body 11.
  • each longitudinal groove 16 is in turn connected to respective connection channels 26 made in the second flange 24.
  • the connection channels 26 in turn are connected to the cooling circuit to determine the circulation of the cooling liquid.
  • the ends of the longitudinal grooves 16 terminate at the upper part rounded toward the connection channels 26, to reduce the losses of load due to the flow of the cooling liquid.
  • the method to manufacture the crystallizer 10 for continuous casting in figs. 1 and 2 provides a first step of making the tubular body 11, a second step of making the plates 19, and a third step in which the plates 19 are connected to the tubular body 1 1.
  • the first step of making the tubular body 11 provides that, starting from a tubular section bar, already shaped and with the desired shape and sizes, the longitudinal grooves 16 are made on its external peripheral surface 12.
  • the longitudinal grooves 16 are made by chip-removal operations, for example using a multi-tooth miller to reduce the operating times.
  • An operation is also provided to make the beveled edges 14, for example by operations to remove material.
  • tubular body 11 is curved with respect to its longitudinal axis Z, with a radius of curvature substantially equal to that of the continuous casting line.
  • the curving operation is obtained by plastic deformation using a mold and/or press.
  • the second step of the method provides to make the plates 19.
  • the plates 19 are obtained by cutting to size a flat sheet.
  • a first pair of plates 19, which during use are disposed opposite each other, is cut with a substantially rectangular plan shape, while the other pair of plates 19 is cut so as to follow the curvature conferred on the tubular body 11 in the first step.
  • the third step provides to couple the plates 19 with the tubular body 11.
  • connection material 21 is applied, in this case a brazing material, on at least one of either the external peripheral surface 12 of the tubular body 11 or the surfaces of the plates 19.
  • Some forms of embodiment of the method provide that the operation to apply the brazing material is done using spraying or spreading of brazing pastes.
  • a subsequent sub-step is then provided, in which the plates 19 are associated on the external peripheral surface 12 of the tubular body 11.
  • the plates 19 are scarfed to the tubular body 11 to allow their subsequent solidarization and to achieve the intimate and permanent connection.
  • both the tubular body 11 and the plates 19 are heated, in order to activate the brazing material which is interposed between them.
  • the heating is done at a temperature comprised between 250°C and 650°C. It is quite obvious that the intensity of the heating must be such that the microcrystalline structure of the materials and their mechanical properties are not modified.
  • the heating to perform the brazing can be carried out in a heating furnace.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Cristallisateur pour coulage continu comprenant un corps tubulaire (11) ayant un développement oblong, et plusieurs plaques (19) associées à la surface périphérique externe (12) du corps tubulaire (11). Le corps tubulaire (11) se compose d'un seul corps et est pourvu, dans sa surface périphérique externe (12), de plusieurs rainures longitudinales (16) s'ouvrant sur l'extérieur, et les plaques (19) sont étroitement accouplées à demeure à la surface périphérique externe (12) du corps tubulaire (11) afin de fermer les rainures longitudinales (16) et de délimiter des canaux (20) pour le passage d'un liquide de refroidissement ; les plaques (19), lorsqu'elles sont accouplées au corps tubulaire (11), étant désolidarisées les unes des autres et délimitant un espace de séparation réciproque (G) entre des plaques (19) adjacentes.
PCT/IB2013/002565 2012-11-16 2013-11-15 Cristallisateur pour coulage continu et son procédé de fabrication WO2014076554A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUD2012A000193 2012-11-16
IT000193A ITUD20120193A1 (it) 2012-11-16 2012-11-16 Cristallizzatore per colata continua e metodo per la realizzazione

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014076554A2 true WO2014076554A2 (fr) 2014-05-22
WO2014076554A3 WO2014076554A3 (fr) 2014-07-24

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PCT/IB2013/002565 WO2014076554A2 (fr) 2012-11-16 2013-11-15 Cristallisateur pour coulage continu et son procédé de fabrication

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IT (1) ITUD20120193A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014076554A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109789478A (zh) * 2016-12-19 2019-05-21 Kme德国有限及两合公司 铸型板和铸型
WO2020126206A1 (fr) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Unité lingotière pour la coulée continue de produits métalliques, et installation de coulée continue
IT201900001035A1 (it) * 2019-01-24 2020-07-24 Danieli Off Mecc Lingottiera per colata continua
CN112893793A (zh) * 2021-01-19 2021-06-04 南京钢铁股份有限公司 一种宽厚板弧形连铸坯角部裂纹的控制方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITUD20130090A1 (it) 2013-06-28 2014-12-29 Danieli Off Mecc Cristallizzatore per colata continua e procedimento per la sua realizzazione

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000041830A1 (fr) 1999-01-13 2000-07-20 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche Spa Dispositif et procede de coulee continue a grande vitesse

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5027027B1 (fr) * 1969-08-11 1975-09-04
IT1403035B1 (it) * 2010-11-25 2013-09-27 Danieli Off Mecc Cristallizzatore per colata continua

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000041830A1 (fr) 1999-01-13 2000-07-20 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche Spa Dispositif et procede de coulee continue a grande vitesse

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109789478A (zh) * 2016-12-19 2019-05-21 Kme德国有限及两合公司 铸型板和铸型
US11077490B2 (en) 2016-12-19 2021-08-03 Kme Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Permanent mold plate and permanent mold
WO2020126206A1 (fr) * 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Unité lingotière pour la coulée continue de produits métalliques, et installation de coulée continue
IT201900001035A1 (it) * 2019-01-24 2020-07-24 Danieli Off Mecc Lingottiera per colata continua
WO2020152363A1 (fr) * 2019-01-24 2020-07-30 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. Moule pour coulée continue
CN112893793A (zh) * 2021-01-19 2021-06-04 南京钢铁股份有限公司 一种宽厚板弧形连铸坯角部裂纹的控制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2014076554A3 (fr) 2014-07-24
ITUD20120193A1 (it) 2014-05-17

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