WO2014075217A1 - 散热器及散热系统 - Google Patents

散热器及散热系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014075217A1
WO2014075217A1 PCT/CN2012/084519 CN2012084519W WO2014075217A1 WO 2014075217 A1 WO2014075217 A1 WO 2014075217A1 CN 2012084519 W CN2012084519 W CN 2012084519W WO 2014075217 A1 WO2014075217 A1 WO 2014075217A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
pcb
thermal pad
heat
heat dissipation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/084519
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
罗畅
周光波
刘海东
冯文建
杨海
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2012/084519 priority Critical patent/WO2014075217A1/zh
Priority to CN201280002995.4A priority patent/CN103404248B/zh
Publication of WO2014075217A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014075217A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body
    • H05K7/20436Inner thermal coupling elements in heat dissipating housings, e.g. protrusions or depressions integrally formed in the housing
    • H05K7/20445Inner thermal coupling elements in heat dissipating housings, e.g. protrusions or depressions integrally formed in the housing the coupling element being an additional piece, e.g. thermal standoff
    • H05K7/20454Inner thermal coupling elements in heat dissipating housings, e.g. protrusions or depressions integrally formed in the housing the coupling element being an additional piece, e.g. thermal standoff with a conformable or flexible structure compensating for irregularities, e.g. cushion bags, thermal paste

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to device heat dissipation technologies, and in particular, to a heat sink and a heat dissipation system. Background technique
  • a device with high heat consumption is usually in contact with a heat sink through a thermal pad to conduct heat dissipation. Due to thermal pad thickness tolerance (+/-10%), device thickness tolerance (+/-0.2mm or more), device solder joint height tolerance (about 0.2mm), heat sink for accommodating device and thermal pad Due to factors such as the tolerance of the receiving groove (+/-0.1mm), the thermal pad can achieve a maximum compression of 40% to 50% while satisfying the minimum compression amount, for example, 10%. However, the greater the amount of compression, the greater the rebound force of the thermal pad. The rebound force of the thermal pad acts on the printed circuit board (PCB), which can cause serious deformation of the PCB. The strain on the board and the solder joint exceeds the threshold, which affects the normal operation of the device.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the prior art can adopt the following solutions, but each has certain defects, including, for example:
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a heat sink and a heat dissipation system according to the defects of the prior art. In the case of influencing the cost, the stress effect caused by excessive compression rebound force of the thermal pad is reduced.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a heat sink for mounting on a printed circuit board PCB to conduct heat dissipation on a device on the PCB.
  • the heat sink includes a heat sink body, and the heat sink body is disposed on the heat sink body.
  • the slit is disposed along a length or a width direction of the heat conductive pad; further, the plurality of slits are distributed in a hook shape.
  • a heat dissipation system including a printed circuit board PCB, wherein the PCB is provided with a plurality of devices, and the device is further provided with a thermal pad; the above-mentioned heat sink is also mounted on the PCB. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure in which a bottom surface of a receiving groove is provided along a longitudinal direction of a heat conducting pad according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a structure in which a bottom surface of a receiving groove is provided along a width direction of a heat conducting pad according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view showing that the bottom surface of the receiving groove is staggered and arranged in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the heat sink includes a PCB 1 , and the PCB 1 is provided with a plurality of devices 2 , and the device 2 can be, for example, spot welded. The method is fixed on the PCB1.
  • Some of the devices soldered on PCB1 are high-heat-consuming devices, which generate a lot of heat during operation.
  • a thermal pad 3 is generally disposed on the upper surface of the device 1 which needs to be subjected to heat dissipation treatment, and the lower surface of the thermal pad 3 is closely adhered to the upper surface of the device 1 and is radiated with the heat sink 4.
  • the heat sink 4 can be fixedly mounted on the PCB 1 by bolts or the like.
  • the heat sink 4 includes a heat sink body 41.
  • the heat sink body 41 is further provided with a plurality of receiving slots 42 for receiving on the PCB 1.
  • the device 2 and the thermal pad 3 provide an accommodating space, and the size, number and position of the accommodating groove 42 need to match the size, position and number of the device 1 on the PCB 1.
  • the bottom surface 43 of the receiving groove 42 will closely conform to the upper surface of the thermal pad 3. In the actual application scenario of the thermal pad, the heat sink and the heat sink are usually fully connected. In order to ensure the heat dissipation effect, after the heat sink 4 is mounted on the PCB 1, the bottom surface 43 of the receiving groove 42 will generate a certain lower portion of the heat pad 3. pressure. In the prior art, the thermal pad 3 can only be diffused laterally after being pressed. Since the thickness and length of the thermal pad 3 are different (generally 10 times or more), the lateral diffusion path is long and the pressure cannot be effectively translated.
  • At least one slot 44 is disposed on the bottom surface 43 of the receiving groove 42 for bonding with the thermal pad 3, and the thermal pad 3 is provided.
  • the space for longitudinal diffusion after pressing can reduce the compression amount of the thermal pad 3 in the case where the height of the heat conduction space (that is, the height of the accommodating groove 42) is constant, thereby reducing the rebound force of the thermal pad 3 on the PCB 1, and reducing the influence of stress. .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view showing a bottom surface of a receiving groove in a longitudinal direction of a heat conducting pad according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view showing a bottom surface of a receiving groove in a width direction of a heat conducting pad according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • the opening direction and the number of the slots 44 can be set according to actual needs, for example, It is disposed in one direction along the length or width of the thermal pad 3. Or it is staggered along the length and width of the thermal pad 3. Further, each of the slots 44 may be hooked on the bottom surface 43.
  • the shape of the slot 44 is rectangular or square or zigzag, or other shapes, which are not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the slot on the heat sink is in contact with the heat conductive pad, and the space for the longitudinal diffusion of the heat conductive pad after being pressed is provided, and the heat conduction pad compression amount can be reduced when the height of the heat conduction space is constant. , thereby reducing the rebound force of the thermal pad to the PCB, reducing the probability of PCB deformation, and ensuring the normal operation of the device.
  • the dispersions used in the heat dissipation system provided by the above embodiments provide The heat exchanger can be applied not only to the field of PCB manufacturing, but also to other technical fields having the same requirements. Therefore, another aspect of the present invention provides a heat sink provided with a slot in contact with a thermal pad, the heat sink.
  • a heat sink provided with a slot in contact with a thermal pad, the heat sink.
  • the heat sink provided by the embodiment of the invention can significantly reduce the rebound force of the thermal pad after compression, and the stress risk is small; by reasonably setting the number and position of the slot, the heat dissipation of the thermal pad is less affected; Realization, the cost impact is basically negligible; according to the stress size, the radiator slot size, shape, area, etc. can be freely selected, which can be adapted to various stress risks.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种散热器及散热系统。该散热器用于安装在印制电路板PCB上,对所述PCB上的器件进行传导散热;所述散热器包括散热器本体,所述散热器本体上设置有用于容置所述器件和导热垫的容置槽;所述容置槽用于与所述导热垫贴合的底面上设置有至少一个的开槽。本发明实施例提供的散热器及散热系统,在散热器上与导热垫接触位置处开槽,提供了导热垫被压后纵向扩散的空间,在导热空间高度不变的情况下可降低导热垫压缩量,从而减小导热垫对PCB的反弹力。

Description

散热器及散热系统
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及器件散热技术, 尤其涉及一种散热器及散热系统。 背景技术
在无线通信基站等电子系统中, 高热耗的器件通常通过导热垫与散热器 接触进行传导散热。 因导热垫厚度公差 (+/-10 % ) 、 器件在板厚度公差 ( +/-0.2mm以上) 、 器件焊点焊后高度公差( 0.2mm左右) 、 散热器用于容 置器件和导热垫的容置槽厚度公差 (+/-0.1mm )等因素的影响, 导热垫在满 足最小压缩量例如 10 %的同时, 其最大压缩量可达 40 ~ 50 %以上。但是压缩 量越大, 导热垫的反弹力就越大。 导热垫的反弹力作用在印制电路板 ( PrintedCircuitBoard; 简称 PCB )上可造成 PCB板变形严重, 板上器件、 焊点的应变超出门限值, 影响器件的正常工作。
为了降低导热垫反弹力的影响, 现有技术可以采用如下解决方案, 但是 各自均存在一定的缺陷, 例如包括:
1、 减小导热垫最大压缩量, 从而降低其反弹力。 但是减小导热垫最大压 缩量同时也减小了导热垫的最小压缩量, 导热垫可能无法实现有效传导散热 的功能;
2、 增大 PCB板的厚度, 提高 PCB板的抗变形能力。 但是增大 PCB板 的厚度一方面增加了制作 PCB板的成本,另一方面可能影响其他区域的可靠 性;
3、 调整器件选型, 选用对应力不敏感的器件。 但是调整器件选型通常也 会增加成本;
4、 调整布局方案, 将应力敏感器件调整出 PCB板变形较大的区域。 但 是调整布局的方案会影响关键信号走线, 导致走线信号质量无法保证。 发明内容
本发明实施例针对现有技术的缺陷, 提供一种散热器及散热系统, 在不 影响成本的情况下降低导热垫压缩反弹力过大造成的应力影响。
本发明实施例一方面提供一种散热器, 用于安装在印制电路板 PCB上, 对所述 PCB上的器件进行传导散热; 所述散热器包括散热器本体, 所述散热 器本体上设置有用于容置所述器件和导热垫的容置槽; 所述容置槽用于与所 述导热垫贴合的底面上设置有至少一个的开槽。
如上所述的散热器, 其中, 所述开槽沿所述导热垫的长度或宽度方向设 置; 进一步地, 所述开槽为多个, 且均勾分布。
如上所述的散热器, 其中, 所述开槽为多个, 且沿所述导热垫的长度和 宽度两个方向交错设置。 进一步地, 所述开槽均匀分布。
如上所述的散热器, 其中, 所述开槽的形状为矩形或正方形或锯齿形。 本发明实施例另一方面提供一种散热系统, 包括印制电路板 PCB, 所述 PCB上设置有数个器件, 所述器件上还设置有导热垫; 所述 PCB上还安装有 上述的散热器。
本发明实施例提供的散热器及散热系统, 在散热器上与导热垫接触位置 处开槽, 提供了导热垫被压后纵向扩散的空间, 在导热空间高度不变的情况 下可降低导热垫压缩量, 从而减小导热垫对 PCB的反弹力。 附图说明 图 1为本发明实施例提供的散热系统组成示意图;
图 2为本发明实施例中容置槽底面沿导热垫长度方向设置开槽的结构示 意图;
图 3为本发明实施例中容置槽底面沿导热垫宽度方向设置开槽的结构示 意图;
图 4为本发明实施例中容置槽底面交错设置开槽的结构示意图。 具体实施方式 图 1为本发明实施例提供的散热系统组成示意图, 如图 1所示, 该散热 器包括 PCB1、 所述的 PCB1上设置有数个器件 2, 所述的器件 2可以采用例 如点焊等方式固定在 PCB1上。 焊接在 PCB1上的器件中有些属于高热耗器 件, 其在工作中会产生大量的热量, 为了给 PCB1 上的高热耗器件散热, 保 证其正常工作, 一般会采用在需要进行散热处理的器件 1 的上表面上设置一 个导热垫 3 , 导热垫 3的下表面与器件 1的上表面紧密贴合, 并配合散热器 4 进行散热。 所述的散热器 4可以通过螺栓等固定安装在 PCB1 上, 散热器 4 包括散热器本体 41 , 在散热器本体 41上还设置有数个容置槽 42, 容置槽 42 用于为 PCB1上的器件 2和导热垫 3提供容置空间, 容置槽 42的尺寸、 数量 和位置需要与 PCB1上器件 1的尺寸、 位置和数量相配合。
散热器 4安装到 PCB1上后, 容置槽 42的底面 43将与导热垫 3的上表 面紧密贴合。 在导热垫实际应用场景中, 散热器件和散热器之间通常是全连 接, 为了保证散热效果, 在 PCB1上安装散热器 4后, 容置槽 42的底面 43 将向导热垫 3产生一定的下压力。 在现有技术中导热垫 3受压后仅能横向四 周扩散, 由于导热垫 3的厚度和长度差别较大(一般在 10倍以上) , 因此横 向扩散路径较长,无法有效地译放压力,这样便会造成 PCB变形,板上器件、 焊点的应变超出门限值, 影响正常工作。 本发明实施例为了减少因导热垫受 压造成 PCB变形等情况的发生, 在容置槽 42用于与导热垫 3贴合的底面 43 上设置有至少一个的开槽 44, 提供导热垫 3被压后纵向扩散的空间, 在导热 空间(即容置槽 42的高度)高度不变的情况下可降低导热垫 3的压缩量, 从 而减小导热垫 3对 PCB1的反弹力, 减小应力影响。
图 2为本发明实施例中容置槽底面沿导热垫长度方向设置开槽的结构示 意图, 图 3为本发明实施例中容置槽底面沿导热垫宽度方向设置开槽的结构 示意图, 图 4为本发明实施例中容置槽底面交错设置开槽的结构示意图, 如 图 2至 4所示, 在上述各实施例中, 开槽 44的开设方向和数量可以按照实际 需求而设置, 例如可以沿导热垫 3的长度或宽度单方向设置。 或者是沿导热 垫 3的长度和宽度两个方向交错设置。 进一步地, 各开槽 44可以均勾分布在 底面 43上。 开槽 44的形状为矩形或正方形或锯齿形, 或其他形状, 本发明 实施例并不作限定。
本发明实施例提供的散热系统中,在散热器上与导热垫接触位置处开槽, 提供了导热垫被压后纵向扩散的空间, 在导热空间高度不变的情况下可降低 导热垫压缩量, 从而减小导热垫对 PCB的反弹力, 降低 PCB变形的几率, 并保证器件的正常工作。
本领域的技术人员可知获知, 上述各实施例提供的散热系统中采用的散 热器不但可以应用于 PCB制造领域 ,还可以应用于其他有同样需求的技术领 域, 因此本发明实施例另一方面还提供一种与导热垫接触区域设置开槽的散 热器, 该散热器的具体结构和功能可以参见上述散热系统的实施例中采用的 散热器, 此处不再贅述。
本发明实施例提供的散热器, 可以显著降低导热垫压缩后的反弹力, 应 力风险小; 通过合理的设置开槽的数量和位置, 其对导热垫散热影响较小; 而且散热器开槽易于实现, 对成本影响基本可忽略不计; 还根据应力大小可 自由选择散热器开槽尺寸、 形状、 面积等, 可适应于各种应力风险下的解决 方案。
最后应说明的是: 以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案, 而非对 其限制; 尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明, 本领域的普通 技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改, 或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换; 而这些修改或者替换, 并 不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种散热器, 用于安装在印制电路板 PCB上, 对所述 PCB上的器件 进行传导散热; 其特征在于, 所述散热器包括散热器本体, 所述散热器本体 上设置有用于容置所述器件和导热垫的容置槽; 所述容置槽用于与所述导热 垫贴合的底面上设置有至少一个的开槽。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的散热器, 其特征在于, 所述开槽沿所述导热垫 的长度方向设置。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的散热器, 其特征在于, 所述开槽沿所述导热垫 的宽度方向设置。
4、 根据权利要求 2或 3所述的散热器, 其特征在于, 所述开槽为多个, 且均勾分布。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的散热器, 其特征在于, 所述开槽为多个, 且沿 所述导热垫的长度和宽度两个方向交错设置。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的散热器, 其特征在于, 所述开槽均匀分布。
7、 根据权利要求 1-6任一所述的散热器, 其特征在于, 所述开槽的形状 为矩形或正方形或锯齿形。
8、 一种散热系统, 其特征在于, 包括印制电路板 PCB, 所述 PCB上设 置有数个器件, 所述器件上还设置有导热垫; 所述 PCB上还安装有如权利要 求 1-7任一所述的散热器。
PCT/CN2012/084519 2012-11-13 2012-11-13 散热器及散热系统 WO2014075217A1 (zh)

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