WO2014064747A1 - Rotary electric machine system and wind power generation system - Google Patents

Rotary electric machine system and wind power generation system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014064747A1
WO2014064747A1 PCT/JP2012/077203 JP2012077203W WO2014064747A1 WO 2014064747 A1 WO2014064747 A1 WO 2014064747A1 JP 2012077203 W JP2012077203 W JP 2012077203W WO 2014064747 A1 WO2014064747 A1 WO 2014064747A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrical machine
rotating electrical
rotor
stator
rotating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/077203
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
雅寛 堀
守 木村
順弘 楠野
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株式会社日立製作所
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Priority to PCT/JP2012/077203 priority Critical patent/WO2014064747A1/en
Priority to JP2014543015A priority patent/JP5913618B2/en
Publication of WO2014064747A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014064747A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
    • H02K17/42—Asynchronous induction generators
    • H02K17/44—Structural association with exciting machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/04—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for rectification
    • H02K11/042—Rectifiers associated with rotating parts, e.g. rotor cores or rotary shafts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • H02K7/1838—Generators mounted in a nacelle or similar structure of a horizontal axis wind turbine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine system and a wind power generation system, and more particularly, to a rotating electrical machine system or a wind power generation suitable for a device including a first rotating electrical machine (main generator) and a second rotating electrical machine (auxiliary generator). It is about the system.
  • the AC excitation type rotating electric machine is installed in the nacelle on the tower of the windmill, and it is necessary to perform regular maintenance in a limited space in the nacelle. There was a need to reduce maintenance.
  • Patent Document 1 As a brushless AC excitation type rotating electrical machine, for example, there is a technique described in Patent Document 1.
  • a rotary exciter and a power converter are provided coaxially with an AC excitation synchronous generator to rectify the power of the system to DC, and energize the stator of the rotary exciter. It describes that after power is supplied to the rotor, the power is converted to voltage and frequency by the power converter, and the power is supplied to the rotor of the AC excitation synchronous generator to perform power generation operation.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a main generator that generates electric power to be transmitted to an electric power system, an auxiliary generator that generates electric power to be transmitted to an in-house power supply circuit, and a rotary shaft that is connected to the main generator and the auxiliary generator.
  • a power generation system including a power generation turbine fixed to a rotating shaft and rotating the rotating shaft is described, and a configuration in which the diameter of the auxiliary generator is smaller than the diameter of the main generator is disclosed.
  • the power of the system is supplied to the rotor through the power converter when the speed is lower than the synchronous speed, and the power of the rotor is supplied through the power converter when the speed is higher than the synchronous speed. To supply.
  • Patent Document 1 power can be supplied from the system to the AC excitation synchronous generator, but the voltage of the system is rectified by the rectifier and then supplied to the rotary exciter, so that the rectifier is installed. For this reason, power cannot be supplied to the system from the AC excitation synchronous generator. Therefore, the operation range becomes narrower than that of a conventional general AC excitation synchronous generator. That is, it becomes impossible to supply both power to the generator and power system.
  • Patent Document 1 since the rotary exciter is provided in addition to the generator, the total physique of the generator is increased by providing the rotary exciter, and a wide arrangement space is required.
  • Patent Document 2 since the main generator and the auxiliary generator are arranged in the axial direction and are spaced apart from each other, the power generation system is considerably long in the axial direction when including the water turbine for power generation. The space for the arrangement is wide.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the object thereof is to include a first rotating electrical machine (main generator) and a second rotating electrical machine (auxiliary generator). It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotating electrical machine system and a wind power generation system capable of saving space as well as making the rotating electrical machine brushless.
  • the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention includes a first stator having a first stator winding, a first rotor winding, and an inner diameter of the first stator.
  • a first rotating electric machine comprising a first rotor arranged on the side with a predetermined gap, a second stator having a second stator winding, and a second rotor winding
  • a second rotating electrical machine comprising a second rotor disposed on the inner diameter side of the second stator via a predetermined gap, and electrically connected to the first and second rotating electrical machines.
  • the first and second rotating electrical machines and the power converter are mechanically connected to a rotating shaft, and the outer diameter of the stator of the second rotating electrical machine Is smaller than the inner diameter of the rotor of the first rotating electrical machine, and the stator winding and rotor winding of the first rotating electrical machine Wherein the stator windings and rotor windings of the second rotating electric machine are disposed to overlap in the radial direction.
  • first rotating electric machine, the second rotating electric machine, and the power converter are arranged in the same rotating electric machine frame.
  • the stator of the first rotating electrical machine and the stator of the second rotating electrical machine are connected to the rotating electrical machine frame via a plurality of arms, and the rotor of the first rotating electrical machine and the second
  • the rotor of the rotating electrical machine is connected to one end of a power converter frame in which the power converter is disposed via a plurality of arms, and the other end of the power converter frame is It is connected to a shaft.
  • the power converter frame in which the power converter is disposed is disposed across the inner diameter side of both the rotor of the first rotating electrical machine and the rotor of the second rotating electrical machine.
  • the power converter frame in which the power converter is disposed is disposed on an inner diameter side of the first rotating electrical machine.
  • the stator of the first rotating electrical machine and the stator of the second rotating electrical machine are connected to the rotating electrical machine frame via a plurality of arms, and the rotor of the first rotating electrical machine includes the
  • the power converter frame is connected to one end of the power converter frame via a plurality of arms, the other end of the power converter frame is connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotor of the second rotating electrical machine is It is connected to the rotating shaft through a plurality of arms.
  • the rotating electrical machine frame is configured such that a diameter of a portion where the first rotating electrical machine is disposed is different from a diameter of a portion where the second rotating electrical machine is disposed.
  • the plurality of arms connecting the stator of the second rotating electrical machine and the rotating electrical machine frame are connected to the smaller diameter of the rotating electrical machine frame.
  • the first and second rotating electric machines have a radial gap type rotating electric machine in which a gap between the stator and the rotor is formed in a radial direction, or a gap between the stator and the rotor of the first rotating electric machine has a diameter. It is a radial gap type rotating electrical machine formed in the direction, and is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a gap between the stator and the rotor of the second rotating electrical machine is formed in the axial direction.
  • the wind power generation system of the present invention includes a rotor that rotates by receiving wind, a rotating electrical machine system configured as described above that is connected to the rotor via a main shaft, and the rotating electrical machine system.
  • a nacelle housed inside and a tower that supports the nacelle are provided, and the first and second rotating electric machines are rotated by the rotational force of the rotor, and the stators of the first and second rotating electric machines are rotated.
  • the winding is connected to the power system side.
  • the wind power generation system is characterized in that a circuit breaker is installed in parallel with the power converter of the rotating electrical machine system.
  • the rotating electrical machine can be made brushless, as well as space saving.
  • a rotating electrical machine system and a wind power generation system can be obtained.
  • Example 1 of the rotary electric machine system of this invention It is a figure for demonstrating the flow of energy when the rotational speed of the rotating shaft in Example 1 of the rotary electric machine system of this invention is smaller than the synchronous speed of a main generator. It is a figure for demonstrating the flow of energy when the rotational speed of the rotating shaft in Example 1 of the rotary electric machine system of this invention is larger than the rotational speed of a main generator. It is sectional drawing which shows Example 2 of the rotary electric machine system of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows Example 3 of the rotary electric machine system of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows Example 4 of the rotary electric machine system of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the wind power generation system which employ
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention.
  • the main generator and the auxiliary generator described below are radial gap type rotating electrical machines in which the gap between the stator and the rotor is formed in the radial direction.
  • a rotating electrical machine system 1 of this embodiment includes a main generator 2 that is a first rotating electrical machine that functions as a generator for sending generated power to an electric power system, an exciter and a generator depending on operating conditions.
  • the main generator 2 is provided in the main generator stator 5, the main generator rotor 6 disposed with a predetermined gap on the inner diameter side of the main generator stator 5, and the main generator stator 5.
  • a three-phase main generator rotor winding 8 wound in two layers.
  • the three-phase main generator stator winding 7 and the three-phase main generator rotor winding 8 are electrically arranged at 120 ° intervals.
  • the auxiliary generator 3 also includes an auxiliary generator stator 9, an auxiliary generator rotor 10 disposed with a predetermined gap on the inner diameter side of the auxiliary generator stator 9, and an auxiliary generator fixed.
  • a three-phase auxiliary generator stator winding 11 wound in two layers with a short-pitch winding in a slot provided in the child 9 and in a slot provided in the auxiliary generator rotor 10 It is composed of a three-phase auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 wound in two layers in a full-pitch winding.
  • the three-phase auxiliary generator stator winding 11 and the three-phase auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 are electrically arranged at 120 ° intervals.
  • the outer diameter of the auxiliary generator stator 9 is made smaller than the inner diameter of the main generator rotor 6 so that the main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3 are in a step difference, and the main generator
  • the stator winding 7 and the main generator rotor winding 8, the auxiliary generator stator winding 11 and the auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 are arranged so as to overlap in the radial direction.
  • the main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3 described above have different numbers of magnetic poles, so that the rotation speed when the rotor has a synchronous frequency differs between the main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3. Further, the output of the main generator 2 is equal to or higher than the output of the auxiliary generator 3.
  • the power converter 4 includes a power converter 13 that is electrically connected to the main generator 2 and a power converter 14 that is electrically connected to the auxiliary generator 3. Moreover, the power converter 13 and the power converter 14 are electrically connected by direct current. In the case where the power converter 13 and the power converter 14 are AC-connected, the power converter 13 and the power converter 14 are each required to include an AC ⁇ DC ⁇ AC power converter. By connecting the converter 14 with a direct current, the power converters 13 and 14 only need to convert AC and DC, respectively, and the functions of the power converters 13 and 14 can be reduced by half.
  • main generator 2 the auxiliary generator 3, and the power converter 4 described above are mechanically connected to the rotary shaft 15.
  • the main generator stator 5 and the auxiliary generator stator 9 are connected to the rotating electrical machine frame 16 via a plurality of arms 17, but the main generator rotor 6 and the auxiliary generator rotor 10 are
  • the power converter frame 18, in which the power converters 13 and 14 are disposed is connected to one end of a power converter frame 18 via a plurality of arms 19, and the other end of the power converter frame 18 is rotatable to the rotary shaft 15. Connected.
  • the power converter frame 18 in which the power converters 13 and 14 are disposed is disposed on both inner diameter sides of the main generator rotor 6 and the auxiliary generator rotor 10 so as to straddle both. Thereby, the arrangement space of the power converter 4 can be enlarged.
  • the above-described configuration means that when the rotating shaft 15 rotates, the main generator 2, the auxiliary generator 3, and the power converter 4 simultaneously rotate at the same rotation speed. Thereby, problems, such as a twist by the wiring which connects the main generator 2 and the power converter 13, the power converter 13, the power converter 14, and the power converter 14 and the auxiliary generator 3, do not occur.
  • the power converter 4 needs to receive command information from the outside or transmit information on the driving status. Therefore, in this embodiment, since the power converter 4 is rotating, wireless communication is effective for information transmission, and a device capable of transmitting and receiving information wirelessly is connected to the power converter 4. Is preferred.
  • FIG. 2 shows the flow of energy when the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 15 is smaller than the synchronous speed of the main generator 2.
  • the main generator stator winding 7 and the auxiliary generator stator winding 11 are connected to the power system. Since an alternating current having a commercial frequency flows in the power system, the voltage changes with time, and the auxiliary generator rotor 10 rotates, so that a magnetic pole is formed in the auxiliary generator rotor winding 12. An induced current is generated according to the number and rotation speed.
  • the auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 is electrically connected to the main generator rotor winding 8 via the power converter 4, and induced current generated by the rotation of the auxiliary generator rotor winding 12.
  • the exciting current of the main generator 2 can be covered.
  • the auxiliary generator 3 is operating as an exciter.
  • the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 15 and the synchronous speed of the main generator 2 coincide, it is necessary to pass a direct current through the main generator rotor winding 8, but a direct current voltage is applied by the power converter 4. Therefore, driving is possible.
  • FIG. 3 shows the flow of energy when the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 15 is higher than the rotational speed of the main generator 2.
  • the induced current generated in the main generator rotor winding 8 flows to the auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 via the power converter 4 and supplies power from the auxiliary generator 3 to the power system. It will be.
  • the auxiliary generator 3 operates as a generator.
  • the exciting current can be passed through the main generator rotor winding 8 and the auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 without using a slip ring and a brush (brushless). Maintenance is not required.
  • the rotary electric machine system 1 needs to arrange
  • the main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3 must be arranged side by side in the axial direction. In this case, it is necessary to sufficiently separate the main generator stator winding 7 and the auxiliary generator stator winding 11 in order to prevent the heat source from concentrating. For this reason, there is concern that the axial length increases and the physique of the rotating electrical machine system 1 increases.
  • the outer diameter of the auxiliary generator stator 9 is made smaller than the inner diameter of the main generator rotor 6 so that the winding end portion overlaps, so that the main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator Since the machines 3 are arranged in different stages, the main generator stator winding 7 and the auxiliary generator stator winding 11 can be separated in the radial direction, so that they must be separated in the axial direction for their cooling performance. Disappears. In addition, since the main generator stator winding 7 and the auxiliary generator stator winding 11 are arranged so as to overlap in the radial direction, the axial length can be further reduced and space saving can be achieved.
  • the rotating electrical machine can be made brushless and, of course, there is an effect of saving space.
  • FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention.
  • Example 1 although the power converter 4 is arrange
  • the power converter frame 18 in which the power converter 4 is disposed is disposed only on the inner diameter side of the main generator 2 and is not disposed on the auxiliary generator 3 side.
  • the main generator stator 5 and the auxiliary generator stator 9 are mechanically connected to the rotating electrical machine frame 16 via a plurality of arms 17, and the main generator rotor 6 is connected to the power converter frame.
  • the other end of the power converter frame 18 is mechanically connected to the rotating shaft 15, and the auxiliary generator rotor 10 is further connected to one end of the auxiliary power generator frame 18.
  • the rotary shaft 15 is connected via a plurality of arms 21.
  • the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the power converter 4 is not disposed on the auxiliary generator 3 side. Since the diameter of the machine rotor 10 can be appropriately selected according to the output, the system efficiency can be improved.
  • FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment shown in the figure is a modification of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and the rotating electric machine frames 22A and 22B are matched with the diameters of the main generator stator 5 and the auxiliary generator stator 9 to obtain two It consists of a diameter.
  • the diameter of the rotating electric machine frame 22A on which the main generator 2 is arranged is set to the rotating electric machine frame 22B on which the auxiliary generator 3 is arranged. It is configured to be larger than the diameter.
  • the main generator stator 5 is mechanically connected to the rotating electrical machine frame 22A via a plurality of arms 17, and the auxiliary generator stator 9 is mechanically connected to the rotating electrical machine frame 22B via a plurality of arms 17a.
  • the main generator rotor 6 is mechanically connected to one end of the power converter frame 18 via a plurality of arms 19, and the other end of the power converter frame 18 is rotated.
  • the auxiliary generator rotor 10 is mechanically connected to the shaft 15, and the auxiliary generator rotor 10 is connected to the rotary shaft 15 via a plurality of arms 21.
  • the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and there is an effect that an extra space is eliminated, further space saving can be achieved, and the weight can be reduced.
  • FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention.
  • the main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3 described in the first to third embodiments are radial gap type rotating electrical machines in which a gap between the stator and the rotor is formed in the radial direction.
  • the main generator 2 is a radial gap type rotating electrical machine in which the gap between the main generator stator 5 and the main generator rotor 6 is formed in the radial direction
  • the auxiliary generator 3 is an auxiliary power generator.
  • This is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a gap between the machine stator 9 and the auxiliary generator rotor 10 is formed in the axial direction.
  • the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the axial gap type rotating electrical machine has a flat structure, so that the space in the frame can be used effectively.
  • the space can be further reduced and the weight can be reduced.
  • FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment in which the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention is applied to a wind power generation system.
  • the wind power generation system of the present embodiment includes a rotor 24 that rotates by receiving wind, and the rotating electrical machine system 1 of the present invention that is connected to the rotor 24 via a main shaft 25 and a speed increaser 26.
  • the rotary electric machine system 1 is composed of a nacelle (not shown) that houses the nacelle and a tower (not shown) that supports the nacelle.
  • the main generator stator winding 7 and the auxiliary generator stator winding 11 are connected to the power system 27 side.
  • the rotating electrical machine system 1 can convert the wind energy received by the rotor 24 into electrical energy, and can be transmitted to the power system 27.
  • circuit breaker 28 may be provided in parallel with the power converter 4. Thereby, the power converter 4 can be protected from the excessive electric power added at the time of a system failure. Further, the present invention may be applied to a gearless system in which the speed increaser 26 is lost.
  • this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example, Various modifications are included.
  • the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
  • a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment.
  • SYMBOLS 1 Rotary electric machine system, 2 ... Main generator, 3 ... Auxiliary generator 4, 13, 14 ... Power converter, 5 ... Main generator stator, 6 ... Main generator rotor, 7 ... Main generator fixation Sub winding, 8 ... main generator rotor winding, 9 ... auxiliary generator stator, 10 ... auxiliary generator rotor, 11 ... auxiliary generator stator winding, 12 ... auxiliary generator rotor winding, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Rotating shaft 16, 22A, 22B ... Rotating electrical machine frame, 17, 17a, 19, 21 ... Arm, 18 ... Power converter frame, 24 ... Rotor, 25 ... Main shaft, 26 ... Speed up gear, 27 ... Electric power system 28 ... Circuit breaker.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a rotary electric machine system that saves space and achieves a brushless rotary electric machine even when a first rotary electric machine (main generator) and a second rotary electric machine (auxiliary generator) are provided. The rotary electric machine system of the present invention is provided with a first rotary electric machine, a second rotary electric machine, and a power convertor that is electrically connected to the first and the second rotary electric machines, and is characterized in that the first and second rotary electric machines and the power convertor are mechanically connected to a rotary shaft, the outer diameter of the stator of the second rotary electric machine is smaller than the inner diameter of the rotor of the first rotary electric machine, and the stator winding and the rotor winding of the first rotary electric machine and the stator winding and the rotor winding of the second rotary electric machine are arranged so as to overlap in the radial direction.

Description

回転電機システム及び風力発電システムRotating electrical machine system and wind power generation system
　本発明は回転電機システム及び風力発電システムに係り、特に、第１の回転電機（主発電機）と第２の回転電機（補助発電機）を備えているものに好適な回転電機システムまたは風力発電システムに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine system and a wind power generation system, and more particularly, to a rotating electrical machine system or a wind power generation suitable for a device including a first rotating electrical machine (main generator) and a second rotating electrical machine (auxiliary generator). It is about the system.
　近年、地球温暖化防止のため風力発電或いは太陽光発電等のような自然エネルギーを利用した発電システムが注目を浴びている。この中で、風力を利用した風力発電システムでは、発電装置として交流励磁式回転電機を使用する例が多い。 In recent years, power generation systems using natural energy such as wind power generation or solar power generation have been attracting attention in order to prevent global warming. Among these, in a wind power generation system using wind power, there are many examples in which an AC excitation type rotating electrical machine is used as a power generation device.
　風力発電システムの発電装置として交流励磁式回転電機を使用する場合、運転中は、回転している回転子内の回転子巻線に励磁電力を供給する必要がある。通常は、回転子巻線に電力を供給するために、スリップリング及びブラシを設け、回転するスリップリングにブラシを接触させて通電するようにしている。 When an AC excitation type rotating electrical machine is used as a power generation device of a wind power generation system, it is necessary to supply excitation power to a rotor winding in a rotating rotor during operation. Usually, in order to supply electric power to the rotor winding, a slip ring and a brush are provided, and the brush is brought into contact with the rotating slip ring to energize.
　しかし、風力発電システムにおいて発電運転を行うためのエネルギーは大きく、発電運転を行う上での励磁電力供給用にスリップリング及びブラシを設けると、ブラシの摩耗が進んでしまうため、定期的なメンテナンスが必要となる。 However, the energy required for power generation operation in a wind power generation system is large, and if a slip ring and a brush are provided for exciting power supply when performing a power generation operation, the wear of the brush advances, so that periodic maintenance is required. Necessary.
　ところが、風力発電システムでは、交流励磁式回転電機は風車のタワー上にあるナセル内に設置されており、定期的なメンテナンスは、ナセル内という限られた空間内で行う必要があり、ブラシレス化などのメンテナンス軽減が求められていた。 However, in the wind power generation system, the AC excitation type rotating electric machine is installed in the nacelle on the tower of the windmill, and it is necessary to perform regular maintenance in a limited space in the nacelle. There was a need to reduce maintenance.
　ブラシレスの交流励磁式回転電機として、例えば、特許文献１に記載された技術がある。この特許文献１には、交流励磁同期発電機と同軸に回転励磁機と電力変換器を設けて系統の電力を直流に整流し、回転励磁機の固定子に通電させ、同期発電機の原理により回転子に電力を供給した後、電力変換器により、電圧、周波数を変換した電力を交流励磁同期発電機の回転子に電力を供給し、発電運転を行うことが記載されている。 As a brushless AC excitation type rotating electrical machine, for example, there is a technique described in Patent Document 1. In this patent document 1, a rotary exciter and a power converter are provided coaxially with an AC excitation synchronous generator to rectify the power of the system to DC, and energize the stator of the rotary exciter. It describes that after power is supplied to the rotor, the power is converted to voltage and frequency by the power converter, and the power is supplied to the rotor of the AC excitation synchronous generator to perform power generation operation.
　一方、特許文献２には、電力系統に送電する電力を発電する主発電機と、所内電源回路に送電する電力を発電する補助発電機と、主発電機及び補助発電機に連結する回転軸と、回転軸に固定され、回転軸を回転させる発電用水車とを備えた発電システムが記載され、主発電機の径より補助発電機の径が小さい構成が開示されている。 On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses a main generator that generates electric power to be transmitted to an electric power system, an auxiliary generator that generates electric power to be transmitted to an in-house power supply circuit, and a rotary shaft that is connected to the main generator and the auxiliary generator. A power generation system including a power generation turbine fixed to a rotating shaft and rotating the rotating shaft is described, and a configuration in which the diameter of the auxiliary generator is smaller than the diameter of the main generator is disclosed.
特開２００２-１３６１９１号公報JP 2002-136191 A 特開２０１１-２５９５７７号公報JP 2011-2559577 A
　従来の一般的な交流励磁同期発電機では、同期速度以下の場合は、系統の電力を電力変換器を通して回転子に供給し、同期速度以上の場合は、回転子の電力を電力変換器を通して系統に供給している。 In a conventional general AC excitation synchronous generator, the power of the system is supplied to the rotor through the power converter when the speed is lower than the synchronous speed, and the power of the rotor is supplied through the power converter when the speed is higher than the synchronous speed. To supply.
　しかしながら、特許文献１では、系統から交流励磁同期発電機に電力を供給することができるが、系統の電圧を整流器で整流した後、回転励磁機に供給しているため、整流器が設置されていることから、交流励磁同期発電機から系統に電力を供給することができない。よって、従来の一般的な交流励磁同期発電機に比べ、動作範囲が狭くなってしまう。即ち、発電機への電力供給と電力系統への電力供給の両方ができなくなってしまう。 However, in Patent Document 1, power can be supplied from the system to the AC excitation synchronous generator, but the voltage of the system is rectified by the rectifier and then supplied to the rotary exciter, so that the rectifier is installed. For this reason, power cannot be supplied to the system from the AC excitation synchronous generator. Therefore, the operation range becomes narrower than that of a conventional general AC excitation synchronous generator. That is, it becomes impossible to supply both power to the generator and power system.
　加えて、特許文献1では、発電機の他に回転励磁機を設けているため、発電機のトータルの体格が、回転励磁機を設けることで大きくなり、広い配置スペースが必要となる。 In addition, in Patent Document 1, since the rotary exciter is provided in addition to the generator, the total physique of the generator is increased by providing the rotary exciter, and a wide arrangement space is required.
　一方、特許文献２では、主発電機と補助発電機が軸方向に並べて、しかも、間隔をおいて離れて設置されているため、発電用水車も含めると軸方向にかなり長くなり、その発電システムの配置スペースが広いものとなる。 On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, since the main generator and the auxiliary generator are arranged in the axial direction and are spaced apart from each other, the power generation system is considerably long in the axial direction when including the water turbine for power generation. The space for the arrangement is wide.
　本発明は上述の点に鑑みなされたもので、その目的とするところは、第１の回転電機（主発電機）と第２の回転電機（補助発電機）を備えたものであっても、回転電機をブラシレス化することは勿論、省スペース化が図れる回転電機システム及び風力発電システムを提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the object thereof is to include a first rotating electrical machine (main generator) and a second rotating electrical machine (auxiliary generator). It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotating electrical machine system and a wind power generation system capable of saving space as well as making the rotating electrical machine brushless.
　本発明の回転電機システムは、上記目的を達成するために、第1の固定子巻線を有する第1の固定子、第1の回転子巻線を有すると共に、前記第1の固定子の内径側に所定の間隙を介して配置されている第1の回転子から成る第1の回転電機と、第２の固定子巻線を有する第２の固定子、第２の回転子巻線を有すると共に、前記第２の固定子の内径側に所定の間隙を介して配置されている第２の回転子から成る第２の回転電機と、前記第１及び第２の回転電機と電気的に接続されている電力変換器とを備え、前記第1及び第２の回転電機と前記電力変換器が機械的に回転軸に接続されて成り、かつ、前記第２の回転電機の固定子の外径は、前記第１の回転電機の回転子の内径より小さく、しかも、前記第1の回転電機の固定子巻線及び回転子巻線と前記第２の回転電機の固定子巻線及び回転子巻線が径方向に重ねて配置されていることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention includes a first stator having a first stator winding, a first rotor winding, and an inner diameter of the first stator. A first rotating electric machine comprising a first rotor arranged on the side with a predetermined gap, a second stator having a second stator winding, and a second rotor winding And a second rotating electrical machine comprising a second rotor disposed on the inner diameter side of the second stator via a predetermined gap, and electrically connected to the first and second rotating electrical machines. The first and second rotating electrical machines and the power converter are mechanically connected to a rotating shaft, and the outer diameter of the stator of the second rotating electrical machine Is smaller than the inner diameter of the rotor of the first rotating electrical machine, and the stator winding and rotor winding of the first rotating electrical machine Wherein the stator windings and rotor windings of the second rotating electric machine are disposed to overlap in the radial direction.
　また、前記第1の回転電機と前記第２の回転電機及び前記電力変換器は、同一の回転電機フレーム内に配置されていることを特徴とする。 Further, the first rotating electric machine, the second rotating electric machine, and the power converter are arranged in the same rotating electric machine frame.
　また、前記第1の回転電機の固定子と第２の回転電機の固定子は、前記回転電機フレームに複数のアームを介して接続され、かつ、前記第1の回転電機の回転子と第２の回転電機の回転子は、内部に前記電力変換器が配置されている電力変換器フレームの一端に複数のアームを介して接続されていると共に、前記電力変換器フレームの他端は、前記回転軸に接続されていることを特徴とする。 The stator of the first rotating electrical machine and the stator of the second rotating electrical machine are connected to the rotating electrical machine frame via a plurality of arms, and the rotor of the first rotating electrical machine and the second The rotor of the rotating electrical machine is connected to one end of a power converter frame in which the power converter is disposed via a plurality of arms, and the other end of the power converter frame is It is connected to a shaft.
　また、前記電力変換器が配置されている前記電力変換器フレームは、前記第１の回転電機の回転子と第２の回転電機の回転子の両方の内径側に跨いで配置されていることを特徴とする。 Further, the power converter frame in which the power converter is disposed is disposed across the inner diameter side of both the rotor of the first rotating electrical machine and the rotor of the second rotating electrical machine. Features.
　また、前記電力変換器が配置されている前記電力変換器フレームは、前記第１の回転電機の内径側に配置されていることを特徴とする。 Further, the power converter frame in which the power converter is disposed is disposed on an inner diameter side of the first rotating electrical machine.
　また、前記第1の回転電機の固定子と第２の回転電機の固定子は、前記回転電機フレームに複数のアームを介して接続され、かつ、前記第1の回転電機の回転子は、前記電力変換器フレームの一端に複数のアームを介して接続されていると共に、前記電力変換器フレームの他端は、前記回転軸に接続され、更に、前記第２の回転電機の回転子は、前記回転軸に複数のアームを介して接続されていることを特徴とする。 The stator of the first rotating electrical machine and the stator of the second rotating electrical machine are connected to the rotating electrical machine frame via a plurality of arms, and the rotor of the first rotating electrical machine includes the The power converter frame is connected to one end of the power converter frame via a plurality of arms, the other end of the power converter frame is connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotor of the second rotating electrical machine is It is connected to the rotating shaft through a plurality of arms.
　また、前記回転電機フレームは、前記第１の回転電機が配置されている部分と前記第２の回転電機が配置されている部分の径が異なり、段になるように構成されていることを特徴とする。 Further, the rotating electrical machine frame is configured such that a diameter of a portion where the first rotating electrical machine is disposed is different from a diameter of a portion where the second rotating electrical machine is disposed. And
　また、前記第２の回転電機の固定子と前記回転電機フレームを接続する複数のアームは、前記回転電機フレームの径の小さい方に接続されていることを特徴とする。 The plurality of arms connecting the stator of the second rotating electrical machine and the rotating electrical machine frame are connected to the smaller diameter of the rotating electrical machine frame.
　また、前記第１及び第２の回転電機は、その固定子と回転子の間隙が径方向に形成されるラジアルギャップ方式回転電機、或いは第１の回転電機の固定子と回転子の間隙が径方向に形成されるラジアルギャップ方式回転電機であり、かつ、前記第２の回転電機の固定子と回転子の間隙が軸方向に形成されるアキシャルギャップ方式回転電機であることを特徴とする。 Further, the first and second rotating electric machines have a radial gap type rotating electric machine in which a gap between the stator and the rotor is formed in a radial direction, or a gap between the stator and the rotor of the first rotating electric machine has a diameter. It is a radial gap type rotating electrical machine formed in the direction, and is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a gap between the stator and the rotor of the second rotating electrical machine is formed in the axial direction.
　更に、本発明の風力発電システムは、上記目的を達成するために、風を受けて回転するロータと、該ロータに主軸を介して接続される上記構成の回転電機システムと、該回転電機システムを内部に収納するナセルと、該ナセルを支持するタワーとを備え、前記第１及び第２の回転電機は、前記ロータの回転力により回転すると共に、前記第１及び第２の回転電機の固定子巻線は、電力系統側に接続されていることを特徴とする。 Furthermore, in order to achieve the above object, the wind power generation system of the present invention includes a rotor that rotates by receiving wind, a rotating electrical machine system configured as described above that is connected to the rotor via a main shaft, and the rotating electrical machine system. A nacelle housed inside and a tower that supports the nacelle are provided, and the first and second rotating electric machines are rotated by the rotational force of the rotor, and the stators of the first and second rotating electric machines are rotated. The winding is connected to the power system side.
　また、前記風力発電システムは、前記回転電機システムの電力変換器と並列に遮断器が設置されていることを特徴とする。 Further, the wind power generation system is characterized in that a circuit breaker is installed in parallel with the power converter of the rotating electrical machine system.
　本発明によれば、第１の回転電機（主発電機）と第２の回転電機（補助発電機）を備えたものであっても、回転電機をブラシレス化することは勿論、省スペース化が図れる回転電機システム及び風力発電システムを得ることができる。 According to the present invention, even if the first rotating electrical machine (main generator) and the second rotating electrical machine (auxiliary generator) are provided, the rotating electrical machine can be made brushless, as well as space saving. A rotating electrical machine system and a wind power generation system can be obtained.
本発明の回転電機システムの実施例１を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows Example 1 of the rotary electric machine system of this invention. 本発明の回転電機システムの実施例１における回転軸の回転速度が主発電機の同期速度より小さい場合のエネルギーの流れを説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the flow of energy when the rotational speed of the rotating shaft in Example 1 of the rotary electric machine system of this invention is smaller than the synchronous speed of a main generator. 本発明の回転電機システムの実施例１における回転軸の回転速度が主発電機の回転速度より大きい場合のエネルギーの流れを説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the flow of energy when the rotational speed of the rotating shaft in Example 1 of the rotary electric machine system of this invention is larger than the rotational speed of a main generator. 本発明の回転電機システムの実施例２を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows Example 2 of the rotary electric machine system of this invention. 本発明の回転電機システムの実施例３を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows Example 3 of the rotary electric machine system of this invention. 本発明の回転電機システムの実施例４を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows Example 4 of the rotary electric machine system of this invention. 本発明の回転電機システムを採用した風力発電システムを示す概略構成図である。(実施例５)It is a schematic block diagram which shows the wind power generation system which employ | adopted the rotary electric machine system of this invention. (Example 5)
　以下、図示した実施例に基づいて本発明の回転電機システム及び風力発電システムを説明する。なお、各実施例において、同一構成部品には同符号を用いて説明する。 Hereinafter, the rotating electrical machine system and the wind power generation system of the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiments. In addition, in each Example, it demonstrates using the same code | symbol for the same component.
　図１に、本発明の回転電機システムの実施例１を示す。なお、以下に説明する主発電機と補助発電機は、いずれもその固定子と回転子の間隙が径方向に形成されるラジアルギャップ方式の回転電機である。 FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention. Note that the main generator and the auxiliary generator described below are radial gap type rotating electrical machines in which the gap between the stator and the rotor is formed in the radial direction.
　該図に示す如く、本実施例の回転電機システム１は、電力系統に発電電力を送るための発電機として働く第１の回転電機である主発電機２と、運転条件により励磁機と発電機の２つの働きをする第２の回転電機である補助発電機３と、主発電機２及び補助発電機３と電気的に接続される電力変換器４とを備え、これらは同一の回転電機フレーム１６内に配置されている。 As shown in the figure, a rotating electrical machine system 1 of this embodiment includes a main generator 2 that is a first rotating electrical machine that functions as a generator for sending generated power to an electric power system, an exciter and a generator depending on operating conditions. The auxiliary generator 3, which is a second rotating electrical machine that performs the two functions, and the power generator 4 that is electrically connected to the main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3, and these are the same rotating electrical machine frame 16 is arranged.
　主発電機２は、主発電機固定子５と、この主発電機固定子５の内径側に所定の間隙を設けて配置される主発電機回転子６と、主発電機固定子５に設けられているスロット内に短節巻にて二層に巻回される三相の主発電機固定子巻線７と、主発電機回転子６内に設けられているスロット内に全節巻にて二層に巻回される三相の主発電機回転子巻線８とから構成されている。なお、三相の主発電機固定子巻線７及び三相の主発電機回転子巻線８は、電気的に１２０°間隔で配置されている。 The main generator 2 is provided in the main generator stator 5, the main generator rotor 6 disposed with a predetermined gap on the inner diameter side of the main generator stator 5, and the main generator stator 5. A three-phase main generator stator winding 7 wound in two layers with a short-pitch winding in the slot, and a full-pitch winding in a slot provided in the main generator rotor 6 And a three-phase main generator rotor winding 8 wound in two layers. The three-phase main generator stator winding 7 and the three-phase main generator rotor winding 8 are electrically arranged at 120 ° intervals.
　また、補助発電機３も同様に、補助発電機固定子９と、この補助発電機固定子９の内径側に所定の間隙を設けて配置される補助発電機回転子１０と、補助発電機固定子９に設けられているスロット内に短節巻にて二層に巻回される三相の補助発電機固定子巻線１１と、補助発電機回転子１０内に設けられているスロット内に全節巻にて二層に巻回される三相の補助発電機回転子巻線１２とから構成されている。なお、三相の補助発電機固定子巻線１１及び三相の補助発電機回転子巻線１２は、電気的に１２０°間隔で配置されている。 Similarly, the auxiliary generator 3 also includes an auxiliary generator stator 9, an auxiliary generator rotor 10 disposed with a predetermined gap on the inner diameter side of the auxiliary generator stator 9, and an auxiliary generator fixed. In a slot provided in the auxiliary generator rotor 10, a three-phase auxiliary generator stator winding 11 wound in two layers with a short-pitch winding in a slot provided in the child 9 and in a slot provided in the auxiliary generator rotor 10 It is composed of a three-phase auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 wound in two layers in a full-pitch winding. The three-phase auxiliary generator stator winding 11 and the three-phase auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 are electrically arranged at 120 ° intervals.
　そして、本実施例では、補助発電機固定子９の外径を主発電機回転子６の内径より小さくて、主発電機２と補助発電機３が段違いになるように、しかも、主発電機固定子巻線７及び主発電機回転子巻線８と補助発電機固定子巻線１１及び補助発電機回転子巻線１２が径方向に重ねて配置されている。 In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the auxiliary generator stator 9 is made smaller than the inner diameter of the main generator rotor 6 so that the main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3 are in a step difference, and the main generator The stator winding 7 and the main generator rotor winding 8, the auxiliary generator stator winding 11 and the auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 are arranged so as to overlap in the radial direction.
　上述した主発電機２と補助発電機３は、それぞれ磁極数が異なり、それにより、回転子が同期周波数となる場合の回転速度は、主発電機２と補助発電機３では異なる。また、主発電機２の出力は、補助発電機３の出力と同等以上である。 The main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3 described above have different numbers of magnetic poles, so that the rotation speed when the rotor has a synchronous frequency differs between the main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3. Further, the output of the main generator 2 is equal to or higher than the output of the auxiliary generator 3.
　一方、上記電力変換器４は、主発電機２に電気的に接続されている電力変換器１３と、補助発電機３に電気的に接続されている電力変換器１４とにより構成されている。また、電力変換器１３と電力変換器１４は、電気的に直流で接続されている。電力変換器１３と電力変換器１４を交流接続する場合、電力変換器１３と電力変換器１４は、それぞれＡＣ→ＤＣ→ＡＣの電力変換器を備える必要があるが、電力変換器１３と電力変換器１４を直流接続することで、各電力変換器１３、１４は、それぞれＡＣとＤＣを変換するだけで足り、各電力変換器１３、１４が備える機能を半分に削減できる。 On the other hand, the power converter 4 includes a power converter 13 that is electrically connected to the main generator 2 and a power converter 14 that is electrically connected to the auxiliary generator 3. Moreover, the power converter 13 and the power converter 14 are electrically connected by direct current. In the case where the power converter 13 and the power converter 14 are AC-connected, the power converter 13 and the power converter 14 are each required to include an AC → DC → AC power converter. By connecting the converter 14 with a direct current, the power converters 13 and 14 only need to convert AC and DC, respectively, and the functions of the power converters 13 and 14 can be reduced by half.
　また、上述した主発電機２と補助発電機３及び電力変換器４は、回転軸１５に機械的に接続されている。 In addition, the main generator 2, the auxiliary generator 3, and the power converter 4 described above are mechanically connected to the rotary shaft 15.
　即ち、主発電機固定子５と補助発電機固定子９は、回転電機フレーム１６に複数本のアーム１７を介して接続されているが、主発電機回転子６と補助発電機回転子１０は、内部に電力変換器１３、１４が配置されている電力変換器フレーム１８の一端に複数本のアーム１９を介して接続され、電力変換器フレーム１８の他端が回転軸１５に回転可能に機械的に接続されている。しかも、電力変換器１３、１４が配置されている電力変換器フレーム１８は、主発電機回転子６と補助発電機回転子１０の両方の内径側に、両者を跨いで配置されている。これにより、電力変換器４の配置スペースを大きくできる。 That is, the main generator stator 5 and the auxiliary generator stator 9 are connected to the rotating electrical machine frame 16 via a plurality of arms 17, but the main generator rotor 6 and the auxiliary generator rotor 10 are The power converter frame 18, in which the power converters 13 and 14 are disposed, is connected to one end of a power converter frame 18 via a plurality of arms 19, and the other end of the power converter frame 18 is rotatable to the rotary shaft 15. Connected. Moreover, the power converter frame 18 in which the power converters 13 and 14 are disposed is disposed on both inner diameter sides of the main generator rotor 6 and the auxiliary generator rotor 10 so as to straddle both. Thereby, the arrangement space of the power converter 4 can be enlarged.
　上述した構成を言い換えれば、回転軸１５が回転することにより、主発電機２と補助発電機３及び電力変換器４も同時に同様の回転数で回転することを意味する。これにより、主発電機２と電力変換器１３、電力変換器１３と電力変換器１４、電力変換器１４と補助発電機３とを繋ぐ配線によじれ等の問題が発生しない。 In other words, the above-described configuration means that when the rotating shaft 15 rotates, the main generator 2, the auxiliary generator 3, and the power converter 4 simultaneously rotate at the same rotation speed. Thereby, problems, such as a twist by the wiring which connects the main generator 2 and the power converter 13, the power converter 13, the power converter 14, and the power converter 14 and the auxiliary generator 3, do not occur.
　また、運転条件に合わせ制御するために、電力変換器４は外部から指令情報を受信したり、運転状況の情報を送信する必要がある。そこで、本実施例では、電力変換器４が回転しているため、情報の伝達に無線による通信が有効であり、電力変換器４には、無線による情報の送受信が可能な装置を接続することが好ましい。 Also, in order to perform control according to the operating conditions, the power converter 4 needs to receive command information from the outside or transmit information on the driving status. Therefore, in this embodiment, since the power converter 4 is rotating, wireless communication is effective for information transmission, and a device capable of transmitting and receiving information wirelessly is connected to the power converter 4. Is preferred.
　次に、この回転電機システムのエネルギーの流れを説明する。 Next, the energy flow of this rotating electrical machine system will be described.
　まず、図２に、回転軸１５の回転速度が、主発電機２の同期速度より小さい場合のエネルギーの流れを示す。 First, FIG. 2 shows the flow of energy when the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 15 is smaller than the synchronous speed of the main generator 2.
　該図において、主発電機固定子巻線７と補助発電機固定子巻線１１は、電力系統と接続されている。電力系統は商用周波数を持った交流電流が流れていることから、電圧が時間的に変化し、補助発電機回転子１０が回転することにより、補助発電機回転子巻線１２内には、磁極数及び回転速度に応じた誘導電流が発生する。補助発電機回転子巻線１２は、電力変換器４を経由して主発電機回転子巻線８と電気的に接続されており、補助発電機回転子巻線１２の回転により発生した誘導電流により主発電機２の励磁電流を賄うことができる。 In this figure, the main generator stator winding 7 and the auxiliary generator stator winding 11 are connected to the power system. Since an alternating current having a commercial frequency flows in the power system, the voltage changes with time, and the auxiliary generator rotor 10 rotates, so that a magnetic pole is formed in the auxiliary generator rotor winding 12. An induced current is generated according to the number and rotation speed. The auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 is electrically connected to the main generator rotor winding 8 via the power converter 4, and induced current generated by the rotation of the auxiliary generator rotor winding 12. Thus, the exciting current of the main generator 2 can be covered.
　従って、回転軸１５の回転速度が、主発電機２の同期速度より小さい条件では、補助発電機３は励磁機として運転していることになる。なお、回転軸１５の回転速度と主発電機２の同期速度が一致した場合、主発電機回転子巻線８には直流電流を流す必要があるが、電力変換器４により直流電圧を印加することで、運転が可能である。 Therefore, under the condition that the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 15 is smaller than the synchronous speed of the main generator 2, the auxiliary generator 3 is operating as an exciter. In addition, when the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 15 and the synchronous speed of the main generator 2 coincide, it is necessary to pass a direct current through the main generator rotor winding 8, but a direct current voltage is applied by the power converter 4. Therefore, driving is possible.
　次に、図３に、回転軸１５の回転速度が、主発電機２の回転速度より大きい場合のエネルギーの流れを示す。 Next, FIG. 3 shows the flow of energy when the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 15 is higher than the rotational speed of the main generator 2.
　該図において、主発電機回転子巻線８に発生した誘導電流が、電力変換器４を介して、補助発電機回転子巻線１２に流れ、補助発電機３から電力系統に電力を供給することになる。 In the figure, the induced current generated in the main generator rotor winding 8 flows to the auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 via the power converter 4 and supplies power from the auxiliary generator 3 to the power system. It will be.
　従って、回転軸１５の回転速度が、主発電機２の回転速度より大きい条件では、補助発電機３は、発電機として運転することになる。 Therefore, under the condition that the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 15 is higher than the rotation speed of the main generator 2, the auxiliary generator 3 operates as a generator.
　このようなことより、スリップリング及びブラシを用いずとも（ブラシレス化）励磁電流を、主発電機回転子巻線８及び補助発電機回転子巻線１２に流すことができるため、ブラシの摩耗によるメンテナンスが不要となる。 As a result, the exciting current can be passed through the main generator rotor winding 8 and the auxiliary generator rotor winding 12 without using a slip ring and a brush (brushless). Maintenance is not required.
　ところで、回転電機システム１は、主発電機２と補助発電機３を配置する必要があるため、主発電機固定子５と補助発電機固定子９の径が近い場合、各巻線を重ねて配置することができなくなり、主発電機２と補助発電機３を軸方向に並べて配置しなければならない。この場合、発熱源が集中することを防ぐため、主発電機固定子巻線７と補助発電機固定子巻線１１とを十分に離す必要がある。このため、軸方向長さが増加し、回転電機システム１の体格が増加することが懸念される。 By the way, since the rotary electric machine system 1 needs to arrange | position the main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3, when the diameter of the main generator stator 5 and the auxiliary generator stator 9 is near, it arrange | positions each winding and arrange | positions it. The main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3 must be arranged side by side in the axial direction. In this case, it is necessary to sufficiently separate the main generator stator winding 7 and the auxiliary generator stator winding 11 in order to prevent the heat source from concentrating. For this reason, there is concern that the axial length increases and the physique of the rotating electrical machine system 1 increases.
　そこで、本実施例では、上述した如く、主発電機回転子６の内径に比べ、補助発電機固定子９の外径を巻線エンド部が重なる程度小さくして、主発電機２と補助発電機３を段違いに配置しているため、主発電機固定子巻線７と補助発電機固定子巻線１１を径方向に離すことができるので、これらの冷却性能のために軸方向に離す必要が無くなる。しかも、主発電機固定子巻線７と補助発電機固定子巻線１１を径方向に重なるように配置しているので、軸方向長さをより低減することができ、省スペース化が図れる。 Therefore, in this embodiment, as described above, the outer diameter of the auxiliary generator stator 9 is made smaller than the inner diameter of the main generator rotor 6 so that the winding end portion overlaps, so that the main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator Since the machines 3 are arranged in different stages, the main generator stator winding 7 and the auxiliary generator stator winding 11 can be separated in the radial direction, so that they must be separated in the axial direction for their cooling performance. Disappears. In addition, since the main generator stator winding 7 and the auxiliary generator stator winding 11 are arranged so as to overlap in the radial direction, the axial length can be further reduced and space saving can be achieved.
　このように本実施例によれば、主発電機２と補助発電機３を備えたものであっても、回転電機をブラシレス化することができる勿論、省スペース化が図れる効果がある。 Thus, according to the present embodiment, even if the main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3 are provided, the rotating electrical machine can be made brushless and, of course, there is an effect of saving space.
　なお、本実施例では、電力変換器１３、１４への情報の伝達には無線を用いた例について説明したが、情報の伝達のためのエネルギーは大きくないため、ブラシを用いても摩耗が少ない。従って、電力変換器１３、１４の情報伝達のためのブラシ、スリップリングを設けても良い。また、同様に、アースのためのブラシ、スリップリングを設けても良い。 In the present embodiment, an example in which radio is used to transmit information to the power converters 13 and 14 has been described. However, since the energy for transmitting information is not large, wear is low even if a brush is used. . Therefore, brushes and slip rings for transmitting information from the power converters 13 and 14 may be provided. Similarly, a grounding brush or slip ring may be provided.
　図４に、本発明の回転電機システムの実施例２を示す。 FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention.
　上述した実施例１では、電力変換器４が、主発電機回転子６と補助発電機回転子１０との両方の内径側に跨いで配置されているが、本実施例では、図４に示すように、電力変換器４を、主発電機回転子６の内径側に集約して配置している。 In Example 1 mentioned above, although the power converter 4 is arrange | positioned ranging over the internal diameter side of both the main generator rotor 6 and the auxiliary generator rotor 10, in this Example, it shows in FIG. As described above, the power converter 4 is concentrated on the inner diameter side of the main generator rotor 6.
　即ち、電力変換器４が配置されている電力変換器フレーム１８を、主発電機２の内径側にのみ配置し、補助発電機３側には配置していないものである。 That is, the power converter frame 18 in which the power converter 4 is disposed is disposed only on the inner diameter side of the main generator 2 and is not disposed on the auxiliary generator 3 side.
　そして、主発電機固定子５と補助発電機固定子９は、回転電機フレーム１６に複数本のアーム１７を介して機械的に接続され、かつ、主発電機回転子６は、電力変換器フレーム１８の一端に複数本のアーム１９を介して機械的に接続されていると共に、電力変換器フレーム１８の他端は、回転軸１５に機械的に接続され、更に、補助発電機回転子１０は、回転軸１５に複数本のアーム２１を介して接続されている。 The main generator stator 5 and the auxiliary generator stator 9 are mechanically connected to the rotating electrical machine frame 16 via a plurality of arms 17, and the main generator rotor 6 is connected to the power converter frame. The other end of the power converter frame 18 is mechanically connected to the rotating shaft 15, and the auxiliary generator rotor 10 is further connected to one end of the auxiliary power generator frame 18. The rotary shaft 15 is connected via a plurality of arms 21.
　このような本実施例によれば、実施例１と同様な効果が得られることは勿論、補助発電機３側に電力変換器４が配置されていないため、補助発電機固定子９と補助発電機回転子１０の径を出力に合わせて適切に選択できるため、システム効率の向上が可能となる効果がある。 According to the present embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the power converter 4 is not disposed on the auxiliary generator 3 side. Since the diameter of the machine rotor 10 can be appropriately selected according to the output, the system efficiency can be improved.
　図５に、本発明の回転電機システムの実施例３を示す。 FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention.
　該図に示す本実施例は、図４に示した実施例２の変形例であり、回転電機フレーム２２Ａと２２Ｂを主発電機固定子５と補助発電機固定子９の径に合わせ、２つの径で構成したものである。 The present embodiment shown in the figure is a modification of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and the rotating electric machine frames 22A and 22B are matched with the diameters of the main generator stator 5 and the auxiliary generator stator 9 to obtain two It consists of a diameter.
　即ち、主発電機固定子５と補助発電機固定子９の径に合わせ、主発電機２が配置されている回転電機フレーム２２Ａの径を、補助発電機３が配置されている回転電機フレーム２２Ｂの径より大きく構成したものである。 That is, according to the diameters of the main generator stator 5 and the auxiliary generator stator 9, the diameter of the rotating electric machine frame 22A on which the main generator 2 is arranged is set to the rotating electric machine frame 22B on which the auxiliary generator 3 is arranged. It is configured to be larger than the diameter.
　そして、主発電機固定子５は回転電機フレーム２２Ａに複数本のアーム１７を介して機械的に接続され、補助発電機固定子９は回転電機フレーム２２Ｂに複数本のアーム１７ａを介して機械的に接続され、かつ、主発電機回転子６は、電力変換器フレーム１８の一端に複数本のアーム１９を介して機械的に接続されていると共に、電力変換器フレーム１８の他端は、回転軸１５に機械的に接続され、更に、補助発電機回転子１０は、回転軸１５に複数本のアーム２１を介して接続されている。 The main generator stator 5 is mechanically connected to the rotating electrical machine frame 22A via a plurality of arms 17, and the auxiliary generator stator 9 is mechanically connected to the rotating electrical machine frame 22B via a plurality of arms 17a. The main generator rotor 6 is mechanically connected to one end of the power converter frame 18 via a plurality of arms 19, and the other end of the power converter frame 18 is rotated. The auxiliary generator rotor 10 is mechanically connected to the shaft 15, and the auxiliary generator rotor 10 is connected to the rotary shaft 15 via a plurality of arms 21.
　このような本実施例によれば、実施例１と同様な効果が得られることは勿論、余分なスペースが無くなり、更なる省スペース化が図れ、軽量化が可能となる効果がある。 According to the present embodiment, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained, and there is an effect that an extra space is eliminated, further space saving can be achieved, and the weight can be reduced.
　図６に、本発明の回転電機システムの実施例４を示す。 FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention.
　上述した実施例１乃至３で説明した主発電機２と補助発電機３は、その固定子と回転子の間隙が径方向に形成されるラジアルギャップ方式の回転電機であるが、本実施例では、図６に示すように、主発電機２を主発電機固定子５と主発電機回転子６の間隙が径方向に形成されるラジアルギャップ方式の回転電機とし、補助発電機３を補助発電機固定子９と補助発電機回転子１０の間隙が軸方向に形成されるアキシャルギャップ方式の回転電機としたものである。 The main generator 2 and the auxiliary generator 3 described in the first to third embodiments are radial gap type rotating electrical machines in which a gap between the stator and the rotor is formed in the radial direction. As shown in FIG. 6, the main generator 2 is a radial gap type rotating electrical machine in which the gap between the main generator stator 5 and the main generator rotor 6 is formed in the radial direction, and the auxiliary generator 3 is an auxiliary power generator. This is an axial gap type rotating electrical machine in which a gap between the machine stator 9 and the auxiliary generator rotor 10 is formed in the axial direction.
　このような本実施例によれば、実施例１と同様な効果が得られることは勿論、アキシャルギャップ方式の回転電機は、扁平な構造となるため、フレーム内のスペースを有効的に利用できる配置ができ、更なる省スペース化が図れ、軽量化が可能となる効果がある。 According to the present embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the axial gap type rotating electrical machine has a flat structure, so that the space in the frame can be used effectively. Thus, the space can be further reduced and the weight can be reduced.
　図７に、本発明の回転電機システムを風力発電システムに適応した実施例５を示す。 FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment in which the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention is applied to a wind power generation system.
　該図に示す如く、本実施例の風力発電システムは、風を受けて回転するロータ２４と、このロータ２４に主軸２５及び増速機２６を介して接続される本発明の回転電機システム１と、この回転電機システム１を内部に収納するナセル（図示せず）と、ナセルを支持するタワー（図示せず）とから構成され、主発電機２と補助発電機３は、ロータ２４の回転力により回転すると共に、主発電機固定子巻線７と補助発電機固定子巻線１１は、電力系統２７側に接続されているものである。 As shown in the figure, the wind power generation system of the present embodiment includes a rotor 24 that rotates by receiving wind, and the rotating electrical machine system 1 of the present invention that is connected to the rotor 24 via a main shaft 25 and a speed increaser 26. The rotary electric machine system 1 is composed of a nacelle (not shown) that houses the nacelle and a tower (not shown) that supports the nacelle. The main generator stator winding 7 and the auxiliary generator stator winding 11 are connected to the power system 27 side.
　これにより、ロータ２４が受けた風のエネルギーを回転電機システム１が電気エネルギーに変換し、電力系統２７に送電することができる。 Thereby, the rotating electrical machine system 1 can convert the wind energy received by the rotor 24 into electrical energy, and can be transmitted to the power system 27.
　このような本実施例によれば、上述した回転電機システムを採用しているので、装置の大型化が防止でき、ナセルの小型化に寄与することができる。 According to the present embodiment, since the rotating electrical machine system described above is employed, it is possible to prevent the apparatus from being enlarged and contribute to the downsizing of the nacelle.
　なお、電力変換器４と並列に遮断器２８を設けても良い。これにより、系統故障時に加わる過大な電力から、電力変換器４を保護できる。また、増速機２６を失くしたギアレスシステムに本発明を適用しても良い。 Note that the circuit breaker 28 may be provided in parallel with the power converter 4. Thereby, the power converter 4 can be protected from the excessive electric power added at the time of a system failure. Further, the present invention may be applied to a gearless system in which the speed increaser 26 is lost.
　なお、本発明は上記した実施例に限定されるものではなく、様々な変形例が含まれる。例えば、上記した実施例は本発明を分かり易く説明するために詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。また、ある実施例の構成の一部を他の実施例の構成を置き換えることが可能であり、また、ある実施例の構成に他の実施例の構成を加えることも可能である。また、各実施例の構成の一部について、他の構成の追加・削除・置換をすることが可能である。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of each embodiment.
　１…回転電機システム、２…主発電機、３…補助発電機、４、１３、１４…電力変換器、５…主発電機固定子、６…主発電機回転子、７…主発電機固定子巻線、８…主発電機回転子巻線、９…補助発電機固定子、１０…補助発電機回転子、１１…補助発電機固定子巻線、１２…補助発電機回転子巻線、１５…回転軸、１６、２２Ａ、２２Ｂ…回転電機フレーム、１７、１７ａ、１９、２１…アーム、１８…電力変換器フレーム、２４…ロータ、２５…主軸、２６…増速機、２７…電力系統、２８…遮断器。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotary electric machine system, 2 ... Main generator, 3 ... Auxiliary generator 4, 13, 14 ... Power converter, 5 ... Main generator stator, 6 ... Main generator rotor, 7 ... Main generator fixation Sub winding, 8 ... main generator rotor winding, 9 ... auxiliary generator stator, 10 ... auxiliary generator rotor, 11 ... auxiliary generator stator winding, 12 ... auxiliary generator rotor winding, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 ... Rotating shaft 16, 22A, 22B ... Rotating electrical machine frame, 17, 17a, 19, 21 ... Arm, 18 ... Power converter frame, 24 ... Rotor, 25 ... Main shaft, 26 ... Speed up gear, 27 ... Electric power system 28 ... Circuit breaker.

Claims (11)

  1. 　第1の固定子巻線を有する第1の固定子、第1の回転子巻線を有すると共に、前記第1の固定子の内径側に所定の間隙を介して配置されている第1の回転子から成る第1の回転電機と、第２の固定子巻線を有する第２の固定子、第２の回転子巻線を有すると共に、前記第２の固定子の内径側に所定の間隙を介して配置されている第２の回転子から成る第２の回転電機と、前記第１及び第２の回転電機と電気的に接続されている電力変換器とを備え、
    　前記第1及び第２の回転電機と前記電力変換器が機械的に回転軸に接続されて成り、かつ、前記第２の回転電機の固定子の外径は、前記第１の回転電機の回転子の内径より小さく、しかも、前記第1の回転電機の固定子巻線及び回転子巻線と前記第２の回転電機の固定子巻線及び回転子巻線が径方向に重ねて配置されていることを特徴とする回転電機システム。     A first stator having a first stator winding, a first rotation having a first rotor winding and disposed on the inner diameter side of the first stator via a predetermined gap A first rotating electric machine comprising a child, a second stator having a second stator winding, a second rotor winding, and a predetermined gap on the inner diameter side of the second stator. A second rotating electrical machine composed of a second rotor disposed via the power converter, and a power converter electrically connected to the first and second rotating electrical machines,
    The first and second rotating electric machines and the power converter are mechanically connected to a rotating shaft, and the outer diameter of the stator of the second rotating electric machine is the rotation of the first rotating electric machine. The stator winding and rotor winding of the first rotating electrical machine and the stator winding and rotor winding of the second rotating electrical machine are arranged in a radial direction so as to be smaller than the inner diameter of the rotor. A rotating electrical machine system.
  2. 　請求項１に記載の回転電機システムにおいて、
    　前記第1の回転電機と前記第２の回転電機及び前記電力変換器は、同一の回転電機フレーム内に配置されていることを特徴とする回転電機システム。     In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1,
    The rotating electrical machine system, wherein the first rotating electrical machine, the second rotating electrical machine, and the power converter are arranged in the same rotating electrical machine frame.
  3. 　請求項２に記載の回転電機システムにおいて、
    　前記電力変換器が配置されている前記電力変換器フレームは、前記第１の回転電機の回転子と第２の回転電機の回転子の両方の内径側に跨いで配置されていることを特徴とする回転電機システム。     In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 2,
    The power converter frame in which the power converter is disposed is disposed across the inner diameter side of both the rotor of the first rotating electrical machine and the rotor of the second rotating electrical machine. Rotating electrical machine system.
  4. 　請求項２又は３に記載の回転電機システムにおいて、
    　前記第1の回転電機の固定子と第２の回転電機の固定子は、前記回転電機フレームに複数のアームを介して接続され、かつ、前記第1の回転電機の回転子と第２の回転電機の回転子は、内部に前記電力変換器が配置されている電力変換器フレームの一端に複数のアームを介して接続されていると共に、前記電力変換器フレームの他端は、前記回転軸に接続されていることを特徴とする回転電機システム。     In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 2 or 3,
    The stator of the first rotating electrical machine and the stator of the second rotating electrical machine are connected to the rotating electrical machine frame via a plurality of arms, and the rotor of the first rotating electrical machine and the second rotation The rotor of the electric machine is connected to one end of a power converter frame in which the power converter is disposed through a plurality of arms, and the other end of the power converter frame is connected to the rotating shaft. A rotating electrical machine system characterized by being connected.
  5. 　請求項１又は２に記載の回転電機システムにおいて、
    　前記電力変換器が配置されている前記電力変換器フレームは、前記第１の回転電機の内径側に配置されていることを特徴とする回転電機システム。     In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1 or 2,
    The rotating electrical machine system, wherein the power converter frame in which the power converter is disposed is disposed on an inner diameter side of the first rotating electrical machine.
  6. 　請求項５に記載の回転電機システムにおいて、
    　前記第1の回転電機の固定子と第２の回転電機の固定子は、前記回転電機フレームに複数のアームを介して接続され、かつ、前記第1の回転電機の回転子は、前記電力変換器フレームの一端に複数のアームを介して接続されていると共に、前記電力変換器フレームの他端は、前記回転軸に接続され、更に、前記第２の回転電機の回転子は、前記回転軸に複数のアームを介して接続されていることを特徴とする回転電機システム。     In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 5,
    The stator of the first rotating electrical machine and the stator of the second rotating electrical machine are connected to the rotating electrical machine frame via a plurality of arms, and the rotor of the first rotating electrical machine is the power converter And the other end of the power converter frame is connected to the rotating shaft, and the rotor of the second rotating electrical machine is connected to the rotating shaft. The rotating electrical machine system is connected to a plurality of arms via a plurality of arms.
  7. 　請求項５又は６に記載の回転電機システムにおいて、
    　前記回転電機フレームは、前記第１の回転電機が配置されている部分と前記第２の回転電機が配置されている部分の径が異なり、段になるように構成されていることを特徴とする回転電機システム。     In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 5 or 6,
    The rotating electrical machine frame is configured such that a diameter of a portion where the first rotating electrical machine is disposed is different from a diameter of a portion where the second rotating electrical machine is disposed, so that the rotating electrical machine frame is stepped. Rotating electrical machine system.
  8. 　請求項７に記載の回転電機システムにおいて、
    　前記第２の回転電機の固定子と前記回転電機フレームを接続する複数のアームは、前記回転電機フレームの径の小さい方に接続されていることを特徴とする回転電機システム。     In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 7,
    The rotating electrical machine system, wherein a plurality of arms connecting the stator of the second rotating electrical machine and the rotating electrical machine frame are connected to the smaller diameter of the rotating electrical machine frame.
  9. 　請求項１乃至８のいずれか１項に記載の回転電機システムにおいて、
    　前記第１及び第２の回転電機は、その固定子と回転子の間隙が径方向に形成されるラジアルギャップ方式回転電機、或いは前記第１の回転電機の固定子と回転子の間隙が径方向に形成されるラジアルギャップ方式回転電機であり、かつ、前記第２の回転電機の固定子と回転子の間隙が軸方向に形成されるアキシャルギャップ方式回転電機であることを特徴とする回転電機システム。     The rotating electrical machine system according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
    The first and second rotating electric machines are radial gap type rotating electric machines in which the gap between the stator and the rotor is formed in the radial direction, or the gap between the stator and the rotor in the first rotating electric machine is in the radial direction. A rotary gap electrical machine system, characterized in that it is an axial gap rotary electrical machine in which the gap between the stator and the rotor of the second rotary electrical machine is formed in the axial direction. .
  10. 　風を受けて回転するロータと、該ロータに主軸を介して接続される請求項１乃至８のいずれか１項に記載の回転電機システムと、該回転電機システムを内部に収納するナセルと、該ナセルを支持するタワーとを備え、
    　前記第１及び第２の回転電機は、前記ロータの回転力により回転すると共に、前記第１及び第２の回転電機の固定子巻線は、電力系統側に接続されていることを特徴とする風力発電システム。     A rotor that rotates by receiving wind, a rotating electrical machine system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 connected to the rotor via a main shaft, a nacelle that houses the rotating electrical machine system, And a tower that supports the nacelle,
    The first and second rotating electric machines are rotated by the rotational force of the rotor, and the stator windings of the first and second rotating electric machines are connected to the power system side. Wind power generation system.
  11. 　請求項１０に記載の風力発電システムにおいて、
    　前記回転電機システムの電力変換器と並列に遮断器が設置されていることを特徴とする風力発電システム。     The wind power generation system according to claim 10,
    A wind power generation system, wherein a circuit breaker is installed in parallel with the power converter of the rotating electrical machine system.
PCT/JP2012/077203 2012-10-22 2012-10-22 Rotary electric machine system and wind power generation system WO2014064747A1 (en)

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