JP2011062029A - Generator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a generator that reduces cogging generated at power generation or the like. <P>SOLUTION: The generator 8 includes a rotor 1 and a stator 2. The generator 8 is formed by winding coils 2a to 2i on each pole of the stator 2 respectively, to rectify each output for each pole by rectifiers 3A to 3I, and configured to successively generate power for each phase and output DC power. Consequently, the phases generate power not simultaneously, magnetic resistance generated between the rotor 1 and the stator 2 at power generation is reduced, and cogging can be reduced, thus obtaining a stable voltage having small ripples (pulsations). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a generator including a rotor and a stator, and more particularly to a technique for reducing cogging that occurs during power generation.

In recent years, in the field of power generation technology, there is an expectation for a wind power generator that generates power using a windmill from the viewpoint of effective use of natural energy, cost reduction, and environmental protection. In many cases, a so-called permanent magnet type generator using a permanent magnet as a magnetic pole of the rotor is used for a wind power generator (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).
JP 2004-353525 A JP 2007-189770 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-28591

  Conventionally, this permanent magnet generator has a configuration in which coils arranged in a slot of a stator are coupled to each other, and all phases generate power at the same time to output, for example, three-phase alternating current. , Cogging acts due to the magnetic resistance generated between the rotor and the stator during power generation (resistance due to the tension between the permanent magnet and the iron core), resulting in rotation irregularities and the like, and only an unstable voltage with many ripples (pulsations) is obtained. It is not possible.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and has a structure in which a coil is independently wound around each pole provided with a stator iron core, and a rectifier circuit is added to each pole. An object of the present invention is to provide a generator that outputs direct current and reduces cogging during power generation.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the generator according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a rotor having a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in the circumferential direction and a plurality of iron cores facing the permanent magnets arranged in the circumferential direction. And a stator having a coil, wherein the coil is individually wound around each pole of the stator, and each coil output is rectified for each pole to be a plus pole and a minus pole. A rectifier is provided, and an output circuit for outputting direct current is provided by connecting the positive and negative poles of each coil in parallel.

  The generator of the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that a large number of the stators are laminated in the axial direction to form a multilayer structure.

  The generator of the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the quantity ratio of both poles is selected so that the force relationship between the poles on the rotor side and the poles on the stator side is balanced.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the rotor-side pole is set to an integer multiple of 8, and the stator-side pole is set to an integer multiple of 9, so that the force relationship between both poles is balanced. Features.

  The generator of the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the rotor is rotationally driven by wind power to generate wind power.

  According to the generator of the first aspect of the present invention, the coils are individually wound around the respective poles of the stator, and the output of each coil is rectified for each one pole to be a plus pole and a minus pole, Since each phase generates power and outputs direct current, that is, each phase does not generate power at the same time, the magnetic resistance generated between the rotor and stator during power generation is reduced, cogging can be reduced, and ripple (pulsation) is reduced. A stable voltage can be obtained. In addition, since the coils are individually wound around each pole of the stator and the output of each coil is rectified for each pole to be a plus pole and a minus pole, the number of poles of the stator can be freely changed, As a result, the quantity ratio between the rotor-side pole and the stator-side pole can be freely selected.

  According to the generator of the invention according to claim 2, since the coils are individually wound around the respective poles of the stator, a large number of stators can be laminated in the axial direction to form a multilayer structure. The capacity of the machine can be increased easily.

  According to the generator of the invention of claim 3, since the quantity ratio between the rotor side pole and the stator side pole can be selected, the force relationship between the rotor side pole and the stator side pole can be balanced. Thus, cogging during no-load rotation, that is, idling (starting up) can be reduced, and, for example, the startability in a leeward wind can be improved and the operating rate of power generation can be improved.

  According to the generator of the fourth aspect of the invention, the rotor-side pole is an integer multiple of 8 (for example, 16, 24, etc.), and the stator-side pole is an integer multiple of 9 (for example, 18, 27, etc.). If each is set, it is possible to balance the force relationship between the rotor-side pole and the stator-side pole, corresponding to generators having a small capacity to a large capacity.

  According to the generator of the invention according to claim 5, cogging that occurs during power generation or idling (startup) of the generator can be reduced, the rotation becomes smooth, and the startability can be improved. This is advantageous for wind power generators using wind power.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 to 3 are diagrams for explaining a wind power generator as an embodiment of the power generator according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an overall view of the wind power generator provided with the wind power generator.

  In FIG. 4, the wind power generator 6 includes a rotor blade 7, a wind power generator 9 that is driven via a power transmission device 8 attached to a rotating shaft 7 </ b> A of the rotor blade 7, and these rotor blades 7, power transmission. And a tower 10 that holds the device 8 and the wind power generator 9 at a predetermined height.

  The wind power generator 6 converts the kinetic energy of wind into motive power using a rotor blade 7 that rotates by receiving wind, and drives the wind generator 9 with this motive power to convert it into electrical energy. As shown in FIG. 1, the wind power generator 9 includes a rotor 1 and a stator 2. The rotor 1 is rotationally driven by wind power through the power transmission device 8 at the central rotating shaft 1A.

  The rotor 1 is configured by arranging arcuate permanent magnets A to H with eight poles evenly in the circumferential direction. The stator 2 is formed in a ring shape and is arranged around the rotor 1. The teeth 2 </ b> A to 2 </ b> I are uniformly arranged in nine poles in the circumferential direction, and each tooth positioned on the inner peripheral portion of the stator 2. Arc-shaped iron cores a to h facing the permanent magnets A to H are provided at the tip portions of 2A to 2I.

  As shown in FIG. 2, coils 2a to 2i are individually wound around the teeth 2A to 2I of the poles of the stator 2, and the outputs of the coils 2a to 2i are rectified for each pole. A plurality of rectifiers 3A to 3I having a positive pole and a negative pole, for example, rectifiers 3A to 3I including four diodes 4a to 4d connected in a bridge are provided. In this case, the diodes 4a and 4b are connected to one terminal of each of the coils 2a to 2i, the diodes 4c and 4d are connected to the other terminal of each of the coils 2a to 2i, and the diodes 4b and 4d are connected. The space between the diodes 4a and 4c is the negative pole.

  Therefore, for example, the solid arrow shown in the rectifier 3A in FIG. 2 indicates the current when the input AC is positive, and the dotted arrow indicates the current when the input AC is negative. In the positive half cycle, The diodes 4c and 4b are connected and current flows. In the negative half cycle, the diodes 4a and 4d are connected and current flows, and the outputs of the coils 2a to 2i are rectified for each pole.

  FIG. 3 shows, for example, the output waveforms of the coils 2a, 2b, and 2c, that is, sine waveforms. The alternating current that had the upper and lower waveforms with respect to the time axis rectifies, and the lower waveform is folded upward. It is converted to direct current that will be in a state of failure. The rectifiers 3A to 3I may have other rectifier circuit configurations. And plus poles and minus poles of each coil 2a-2i are connected in parallel, respectively, and output circuit 5 which outputs direct current is provided.

  In the wind power generator 9 described above, when the rotor 1 is rotated by wind power, the permanent magnets A to H of the rotor 1 are rotated with respect to the stator 2, and these permanent magnets A to H, that is, magnetism (magnetic flux) is stator. Since each coil 2a to 2i rotates and moves, electricity (electromotive force) is sequentially generated in each coil 2a to 2i, and a direct current is supplied from the output circuit 5 to an external circuit (not shown).

  According to the wind power generator 9 having such a configuration, the coils 2a to 2i are individually wound around the respective poles of the stator 2, and the outputs of the respective coils 2a to 2i are rectified for each pole to be a plus pole and a minus pole. As a result, power is generated sequentially for each phase and direct current is output, that is, since each phase does not generate power simultaneously, the magnetic resistance generated between the rotor 1 and the stator 2 during power generation is reduced and cogging can be reduced. A stable voltage with little ripple (pulsation) can be obtained.

  Further, in such a configuration, the coils 2a to 2i are individually wound around the respective poles of the stator 2, and the outputs of the respective coils 2a to 2i are rectified for each pole to obtain a positive pole and a negative pole. The number of poles of the rotor 1 side and the stator 2 side can be freely selected.

  Here, the permanent-magnet generator targeted by the present invention is at the time of no-load rotation, that is, idling due to the magnetic resistance generated between the rotor and the stator (resistance due to the pulling of the permanent magnet and the iron core). Since cogging occurs at the time of startup, a startup wind speed exceeding this torque is required, and it is not possible to start up easily under the wind speed conditions of light wind, and the operating rate of wind power generation tends to be low .

  Therefore, in this configuration, if the quantity ratio between the poles on the rotor 1 side and the poles on the stator 2 side is freely selected and the force relationship between the two poles is balanced, cogging during idling (starting) can be reduced. it can.

  For example, as in this embodiment, when the poles on the rotor 1 side (permanent magnets A to H) are set to eight and the poles on the stator 2 side (iron cores a to h and coils 2 a to 2 i) are set to nine, respectively. In the state shown in FIG. 1, since the permanent magnets A and B of the rotor 1 are half of the iron core a of the stator 2, no force is generated in the rotational direction. The rightward rotation force of the figure is generated due to the influence of the iron core b of the stator 2 and the permanent magnet B of the rotor 1. At that time, the leftward rotation force of the figure is affected by the iron core i of the stator 2 and the permanent magnet A of the rotor 1. Will occur.

  At this time, since the right rotation force and the left rotation force are the same, they cancel each other and no rotation force is generated. In the following, the iron core c and the permanent magnet D, the iron core h and the permanent magnet H are balanced, the iron core d and the permanent magnet D, the iron core g and the permanent magnet G, and the iron core e and the permanent magnet E, and the iron core f and the permanent magnet. Balance with F. In this case, even if the rotor 1 rotates, the force relationship with the stator 2 is balanced.

  In this way, by balancing the force relationship between the pole on the rotor 1 side and the pole on the stator 2 side, cogging during no-load rotation, that is, idling (starting) can be reduced, and startability in light winds and the like can be reduced. Since it can raise, the operation rate of electric power generation can be improved.

  Even if the pole on the rotor 1 side is set to an integer multiple of 8 (for example, 16, 24, etc.) and the pole on the stator 2 side is set to an integer multiple of 9 (for example, 18, 27, etc.), the same balance is obtained. To do. That is, it is possible to balance the force relationship between the pole on the rotor 1 side and the pole on the stator 2 side, corresponding to each generator from a small capacity to a large capacity.

  Of course, the number of permanent magnets, iron cores and coils is not limited to that of the embodiment, and as described above, for example, the quantity of both poles is used to balance the force relationship between the rotor-side pole and the stator-side pole. What is necessary is just to determine a ratio.

  Further, according to this configuration, since the coils 2a to 2i are individually wound around the respective poles of the stator 2, a large number of stators 2 can be laminated in the axial direction to form a laminated structure. With this structure, the capacity of the generator can be easily increased.

  In addition, although this embodiment demonstrated the generator which arranged the rotor on the inner periphery and the stator on the outer periphery, the generator which arranged the stator on the inner periphery and the rotor on the outer periphery may be sufficient. Moreover, although this embodiment demonstrated the wind power generator, you may apply this invention to the generator using not only wind power but another gas, hydropower, etc.

  Cogging that occurs during power generation of the generator can be reduced, rotation can be smoothed, and startup can be improved, which is advantageous, for example, for low-capacity generators such as wind generators using wind power. Become.

Sectional drawing which shows schematically a wind power generator as one Embodiment of the electric power generating apparatus which concerns on this invention Plan view of the coil in the wind power generator Coil output waveform diagram for the wind turbine generator FIG. 4 is an overall view of a wind turbine generator equipped with the wind turbine generator described above.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotor 2 Stator 2A-2I Teeth 2a-2i Coil 3A-3I Rectifier 5 Output circuit A-H Permanent magnet ahh Core 9 Wind generator

Claims (5)

In a power generator comprising: a rotor having a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in the circumferential direction; and a stator having a coil having a plurality of iron cores arranged in the circumferential direction facing the permanent magnets.
The coils are individually wound around each pole of the stator, and a plurality of rectifiers are provided to rectify each coil output for each pole to be a plus pole and a minus pole, and between the plus and minus poles of each coil Are connected in parallel to each other, and an output circuit for outputting direct current is provided.   The generator according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of stators are laminated in the axial direction to form a multilayer structure.   The generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a quantity ratio of both poles is selected so that a force relationship between the poles on the rotor side and the poles on the stator side is balanced.   4. The generator according to claim 3, wherein the rotor-side pole is set to an integer multiple of 8 and the stator-side pole is set to an integer multiple of 9, so that the force relationship between both poles is balanced.   The generator according to claim 1, wherein the rotor is rotationally driven by wind power to generate wind power.

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