WO2014050916A1 - Temperature sensor - Google Patents
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- WO2014050916A1 WO2014050916A1 PCT/JP2013/075959 JP2013075959W WO2014050916A1 WO 2014050916 A1 WO2014050916 A1 WO 2014050916A1 JP 2013075959 W JP2013075959 W JP 2013075959W WO 2014050916 A1 WO2014050916 A1 WO 2014050916A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/22—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
- G01K7/223—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor characterised by the shape of the resistive element
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/22—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C1/00—Details
- H01C1/14—Terminals or tapping points or electrodes specially adapted for resistors; Arrangements of terminals or tapping points or electrodes on resistors
- H01C1/142—Terminals or tapping points or electrodes specially adapted for resistors; Arrangements of terminals or tapping points or electrodes on resistors the terminals or tapping points being coated on the resistive element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C1/00—Details
- H01C1/14—Terminals or tapping points or electrodes specially adapted for resistors; Arrangements of terminals or tapping points or electrodes on resistors
- H01C1/148—Terminals or tapping points or electrodes specially adapted for resistors; Arrangements of terminals or tapping points or electrodes on resistors the terminals embracing or surrounding the resistive element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/04—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having negative temperature coefficient
- H01C7/041—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having negative temperature coefficient formed as one or more layers or coatings
Abstract
Description
近年、樹脂フィルム上にサーミスタ材料を形成したフィルム型サーミスタセンサの開発が検討されており、フィルムに直接成膜できるサーミスタ材料の開発が望まれている。すなわち、フィルムを用いることで、フレキシブルなサーミスタセンサが得られることが期待される。さらに、0.1mm程度の厚さを持つ非常に薄いサーミスタセンサの開発が望まれているが、従来はアルミナ等のセラミックス材料を用いた基板材料がしばしば用いられ、例えば、厚さ0.1mmへと薄くすると非常に脆く壊れやすい等の問題があったが、フィルムを用いることで非常に薄いサーミスタセンサが得られることが期待される。
従来、TiAlNからなる窒化物系サーミスタを形成した温度センサでは、フィルム上にTiAlNからなるサーミスタ材料層と電極とを積層して形成する場合、サーミスタ材料層上にAu等の電極層を成膜し、複数の櫛部を有した櫛型にパターニングしている。
このようなフィルム型サーミスタセンサは、絶縁性フィルム上に、サーミスタ材料層と、該サーミスタ材料層に接した一対の櫛型電極と、これら櫛型電極に接続された一対の引き出し電極部と、これら引き出し電極部と外部配線とを接続するための電極パッドと、その接続部分を外部応力から保護するためのオーバーモールド樹脂とから構成されている。このフィルム型サーミスタセンサでは、サーミスタ材料層が外部配線からの熱の影響を受けないように、電極パッドとサーミスタ材料層とに距離をもたせる必要がある。しかしながら、オーバーモールド樹脂が、サーミスタ材料層よりも温度が高い場合、熱伝導率の大きい金属(例えばCu:400W/m・K、Au:318W/m・K)の引き出し電極部を通して伝熱現象が発生するため、温度精度に影響を及ぼすおそれがあることから、熱絶縁を行うために、引き出し電極部の配線を十分長く設定する必要があった。このため、全体が大きくなり、小型化が困難になるという問題があった。特に、絶縁性フィルムを基板として用いたフィルム型であるため、アルミナ等の他の絶縁性基板上に配線した場合に比べてフィルム側の熱伝導が低く、外部配線から引き出し電極部を介して伝わる熱の影響が相対的に大きいという不都合があった。 The following problems remain in the conventional technology.
In recent years, development of a film type thermistor sensor in which a thermistor material is formed on a resin film has been studied, and development of a thermistor material that can be directly formed on a film is desired. That is, it is expected that a flexible thermistor sensor can be obtained by using a film. Furthermore, although development of a very thin thermistor sensor having a thickness of about 0.1 mm is desired, conventionally, a substrate material using a ceramic material such as alumina is often used. For example, to a thickness of 0.1 mm However, if the film is made thin, there is a problem that it is very brittle and easily broken. However, it is expected that a very thin thermistor sensor can be obtained by using a film.
Conventionally, in a temperature sensor in which a nitride thermistor made of TiAlN is formed, when a thermistor material layer made of TiAlN and an electrode are laminated on a film, an electrode layer such as Au is formed on the thermistor material layer. And patterning into a comb shape having a plurality of comb portions.
Such a film-type thermistor sensor includes an insulating film, a thermistor material layer, a pair of comb electrodes in contact with the thermistor material layer, a pair of lead electrode portions connected to the comb electrodes, and these It is composed of an electrode pad for connecting the lead electrode portion and the external wiring, and an overmold resin for protecting the connection portion from external stress. In this film type thermistor sensor, it is necessary to provide a distance between the electrode pad and the thermistor material layer so that the thermistor material layer is not affected by heat from the external wiring. However, when the temperature of the overmold resin is higher than that of the thermistor material layer, the heat transfer phenomenon may occur through the lead electrode portion of a metal having a high thermal conductivity (for example, Cu: 400 W / m · K, Au: 318 W / m · K). Therefore, in order to perform thermal insulation, it is necessary to set the wiring of the lead electrode portion sufficiently long. For this reason, there existed a problem that the whole became large and size reduction became difficult. In particular, since it is a film type using an insulating film as a substrate, the heat conduction on the film side is lower than when wiring on another insulating substrate such as alumina, and it is transmitted from the external wiring through the lead electrode portion. There was a disadvantage that the influence of heat was relatively large.
また、樹脂材料で構成されるフィルムは、一般的に耐熱温度が150℃以下と低く、比較的耐熱温度の高い材料として知られるポリイミドでも300℃程度の耐熱性しかないため、サーミスタ材料の形成工程において熱処理が加わる場合は、適用が困難であった。上記従来の酸化物サーミスタ材料では、所望のサーミスタ特性を実現するために600℃以上の焼成が必要であり、フィルムに直接成膜したフィルム型サーミスタセンサを実現できないという問題点があった。そのため、非焼成で直接成膜できるサーミスタ材料の開発が望まれているが、上記特許文献3に記載のサーミスタ材料でも、所望のサーミスタ特性を得るために、必要に応じて、得られた薄膜を350~600℃で熱処理する必要があった。また、このサーミスタ材料では、Ta−Al−N系材料の実施例において、B定数:500~3000K程度の材料が得られているが、耐熱性に関する記述がなく、窒化物系材料の熱的信頼性が不明であった。 On the other hand, a conventional thermistor material layer made of TiAlN has a large radius of curvature and is not bent easily when there is no change in electrical properties such as resistance and resistance, but when the radius of curvature is small and tightly bent. Cracks are likely to occur, resistance values and the like are greatly changed, and the reliability of electrical characteristics is lowered. In particular, when the film is bent with a small radius of curvature in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the comb portion, the electrode edge is caused by the difference in stress between the comb-shaped electrode and the thermistor material layer compared to the case where the film is bent in the extending direction of the comb portion. There is a disadvantage that cracks are likely to occur in the vicinity and the reliability of the electrical characteristics is lowered.
In addition, a film made of a resin material generally has a heat resistant temperature as low as 150 ° C. or lower, and even a polyimide known as a material having a relatively high heat resistant temperature has only a heat resistance of about 300 ° C. In the case where heat treatment is applied, application is difficult. The conventional oxide thermistor material requires firing at 600 ° C. or higher in order to realize desired thermistor characteristics, and there is a problem that a film type thermistor sensor directly formed on a film cannot be realized. Therefore, it is desired to develop a thermistor material that can be directly film-formed without firing, but even with the thermistor material described in
電気抵抗の面では、導電性樹脂の電気抵抗率は約5×10−5Ω・cmであり、例えば配線抵抗を考えると、引き出し電極の厚み10μm、電極幅0.5mm、電極長さ5mmとすると、配線抵抗は2線分を合わせて1Ω程度なので、サーミスタ材料の電気抵抗でよく使われる10kΩと比較すると、1/10000なので配線抵抗の影響は少ない。また、特許文献4に記載されたような白金測温抵抗体に導電性樹脂を使用した場合、白金測温抵抗体は通常100Ω品(Pt100)がよく使用されるが、導電性樹脂による配線抵抗値が1%程度加わってしまい、かつ配線抵抗の抵抗値精度も問題となるので、使用できない。さらに、特許文献5に記載されているフィルム型熱電対についても、導電性樹脂で配線すると熱起電力を精度よく測定することができない。よって、引き出し電極を導電性樹脂を用いることは高抵抗のサーミスタ材料のみ可能となる。 In general, the conductive resin has a thermal conductivity of about 2 W / m · K, which is about 1/100 lower than the thermal conductivity of the metal. Therefore, heat insulation from the terminal portion of the pattern electrode should be reduced as much as possible. Is also possible.
In terms of electrical resistance, the electrical resistivity of the conductive resin is about 5 × 10 −5 Ω · cm. For example, considering the wiring resistance, the lead electrode has a thickness of 10 μm, an electrode width of 0.5 mm, and an electrode length of 5 mm. Then, since the wiring resistance is about 1Ω when the two lines are combined, the influence of the wiring resistance is small because it is 1/10000 compared to 10 kΩ, which is often used as the electrical resistance of the thermistor material. In addition, when a conductive resin is used for the platinum resistance thermometer as described in
すなわち、この温度センサでは、パターン電極が、繰り返し折り返されたミアンダ形状とされているので、先端から基端までの距離を実質的に短くして全体の小型化が可能になると共に、小さいスペースに長いパターン電極を確保でき、より高い断熱性を得ることができる。 A temperature sensor according to a second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the pattern electrode has a meander shape which is repeatedly folded.
That is, in this temperature sensor, since the pattern electrode has a meander shape that is repeatedly folded back, the distance from the distal end to the proximal end can be substantially shortened and the entire size can be reduced, and the space can be reduced. A long pattern electrode can be secured and higher heat insulation can be obtained.
すなわち、この温度センサでは、櫛型電極とパターン電極とが導電性樹脂で接続されていると共に先端側フィルム部と基端側フィルム部とが導電性樹脂で連結されているので、互いに樹脂材を含む導電性樹脂のパターン電極と異方性導電性樹脂とが接続されることで、良好な電気的接続と接着性とが得られる。また、樹脂である先端側フィルム部と基端側フィルム部とが導電性樹脂で連結されることで、高い接着性も得ることができる。さらに、先端側フィルム部と基端側フィルム部との間に断熱性の高い導電性樹脂が介在することで、基端側フィルム部からの熱の影響を低減することができる。また、絶縁性フィルムを先端側フィルム部と基端側フィルム部とに分けて別々に作製を行うことで、サイズや設置箇所に応じて形状等が異なるフィルム部に替えて温度センサを作製することも可能になる。なお、接着に用いる導電性樹脂には、異方性導電性接着材を採用することが好ましい。 The temperature sensor according to a third aspect of the present invention is the temperature sensor according to the first or second aspect, wherein the insulating film is formed by the tip side film portion in which the thin film thermistor portion and the comb electrode are formed, and the pattern electrode is formed. Divided into a base end side film portion, and the comb electrode and a portion of the pattern electrode formed of a conductive resin are connected by a conductive resin and the tip side film portion and the portion The base end side film part is connected with a conductive resin.
That is, in this temperature sensor, the comb-shaped electrode and the pattern electrode are connected by a conductive resin, and the distal end side film portion and the proximal end side film portion are connected by a conductive resin. Good electrical connection and adhesiveness can be obtained by connecting the conductive conductive pattern electrode and the anisotropic conductive resin. Moreover, high adhesiveness can also be acquired because the front end side film part and base end side film part which are resin are connected with conductive resin. Furthermore, the influence of the heat from a base end side film part can be reduced because conductive resin with high heat insulation exists between a front end side film part and a base end side film part. In addition, by dividing the insulating film into a distal end side film portion and a proximal end side film portion and making them separately, a temperature sensor can be produced in place of a film portion having a different shape or the like according to the size or installation location. Is also possible. Note that an anisotropic conductive adhesive is preferably used for the conductive resin used for bonding.
本発明者らは、窒化物材料の中でもAlN系に着目し、鋭意、研究を進めたところ、絶縁体であるAlNは、最適なサーミスタ特性(B定数:1000~6000K程度)を得ることが難しいため、Alサイトを電気伝導を向上させる特定の金属元素で置換すると共に、特定の結晶構造とすることで、非焼成で良好なB定数と耐熱性とが得られることを見出した。
したがって、本発明は、上記知見から得られたものであり、薄膜サーミスタ部が、一般式:TixAlyNz(0.70≦y/(x+y)≦0.95、0.4≦z≦0.5、x+y+z=1)で示される金属窒化物からなり、その結晶構造が、六方晶系のウルツ鉱型の単相であるので、非焼成で良好なB定数が得られると共に高い耐熱性を有している。 A temperature sensor according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the temperature sensor according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the thin film thermistor portion has a general formula: Ti x Al y N z (0.70 ≦ y / ( x + y) ≦ 0.95, 0.4 ≦ z ≦ 0.5, x + y + z = 1), characterized in that its crystal structure is a hexagonal wurtzite single phase And
The inventors of the present invention focused on the AlN system among the nitride materials and made extensive research. As a result, it is difficult for AlN as an insulator to obtain optimum thermistor characteristics (B constant: about 1000 to 6000 K). For this reason, it was found that by replacing the Al site with a specific metal element that improves electrical conduction and having a specific crystal structure, a good B constant and heat resistance can be obtained without firing.
Therefore, the present invention has been obtained from the above findings, and the thin film thermistor portion has a general formula: Ti x Al y N z (0.70 ≦ y / (x + y) ≦ 0.95, 0.4 ≦ z ≦ 0.5, x + y + z = 1), and its crystal structure is a hexagonal wurtzite single phase, so that a good B constant can be obtained without firing and a high heat resistance. It has sex.
また、上記「y/(x+y)」(すなわち、Al/(Ti+Al))が0.95を超えると、抵抗率が非常に高く、きわめて高い絶縁性を示すため、サーミスタ材料として適用できない。
また、上記「z」(すなわち、N/(Ti+Al+N))が0.4未満であると、金属の窒化量が少ないため、ウルツ鉱型の単相が得られず、十分な高抵抗と高B定数とが得られない。
さらに、上記「z」(すなわち、N/(Ti+Al+N))が0.5を超えると、ウルツ鉱型の単相を得ることができない。このことは、ウルツ鉱型の単相において、窒素サイトにおける欠陥がない場合の正しい化学量論比は、N/(Ti+Al+N)=0.5であることに起因する。 When the above “y / (x + y)” (ie, Al / (Ti + Al)) is less than 0.70, a wurtzite type single phase cannot be obtained, and a coexisting phase with an NaCl type phase or an NaCl type phase Therefore, a sufficiently high resistance and a high B constant cannot be obtained.
Further, if the above “y / (x + y)” (that is, Al / (Ti + Al)) exceeds 0.95, the resistivity is very high and the insulating property is extremely high, so that it cannot be applied as a thermistor material.
Further, when the “z” (that is, N / (Ti + Al + N)) is less than 0.4, since the amount of metal nitriding is small, a wurtzite type single phase cannot be obtained, and a sufficiently high resistance and high B A constant cannot be obtained.
Furthermore, when the “z” (that is, N / (Ti + Al + N)) exceeds 0.5, a wurtzite single phase cannot be obtained. This is because in the wurtzite type single phase, the correct stoichiometric ratio when there is no defect at the nitrogen site is N / (Ti + Al + N) = 0.5.
すなわち、本発明に係る温度センサによれば、パターン電極の少なくとも一部が導電性樹脂で形成されているので、パターン配線の距離を長く設定しなくても十分な断熱を図ることが可能になる。また、金属に比べて柔軟性がある導電性樹脂を採用することで、全体としてのフレキシブル性が向上する。
さらに、薄膜サーミスタ部を、一般式:TixAlyNz(0.70≦y/(x+y)≦0.95、0.4≦z≦0.5、x+y+z=1)で示される金属窒化物からなり、その結晶構造が、六方晶系のウルツ鉱型の単相である材料とすることで、非焼成で良好なB定数が得られると共に高い耐熱性が得られる。
したがって、本発明の温度センサによれば、外部配線からの熱影響を抑制可能になり、高精度な測定と小型化とを実現可能である。また、上記薄膜サーミスタ部を採用することで、曲げに対してクラックが生じ難く、フレキシブルで凹凸が少なく、電子機器の基板等の隙間、非接触給電装置やバッテリー等の狭い隙間に挿入して設置することや、曲面に設置することも可能になる。 The present invention has the following effects.
That is, according to the temperature sensor of the present invention, since at least a part of the pattern electrode is formed of the conductive resin, it is possible to achieve sufficient heat insulation without setting the pattern wiring distance long. . Moreover, the flexibility as a whole improves by employ | adopting the conductive resin which has a softness | flexibility compared with a metal.
Furthermore, the thin film thermistor portion is formed by metal nitriding represented by the general formula: Ti x Al y N z (0.70 ≦ y / (x + y) ≦ 0.95, 0.4 ≦ z ≦ 0.5, x + y + z = 1). By using a material that has a hexagonal wurtzite type single phase and has a crystal structure, a good B constant can be obtained without firing, and high heat resistance can be obtained.
Therefore, according to the temperature sensor of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the thermal influence from the external wiring, and it is possible to realize highly accurate measurement and downsizing. In addition, by adopting the above thin film thermistor part, it is difficult to crack against bending, is flexible and has little unevenness, and is inserted into a narrow gap such as a non-contact power feeding device or a battery, etc. It can also be installed on a curved surface.
この導電性樹脂としては、例えばAgフィラー、Cuフィラー又はめっきボール含有のエポキシ樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、ウレタン樹脂又はアクリル樹脂等が採用可能である。 Further, at least a part of the
As this conductive resin, for example, Ag filler, Cu filler or plated ball-containing epoxy resin, silicone resin, urethane resin or acrylic resin can be employed.
なお、本実施形態では、薄膜サーミスタ部3の上に櫛型電極4を形成しているが、薄膜サーミスタ部6の下に櫛型電極を形成しても構わない。 Further, the
In this embodiment, the comb-shaped
上記薄膜サーミスタ部3は、TiAlNのサーミスタ材料で形成されている。特に、薄膜サーミスタ部6は、一般式:TixAlyNz(0.70≦y/(x+y)≦0.95、0.4≦z≦0.5、x+y+z=1)で示される金属窒化物からなり、その結晶構造が、六方晶系のウルツ鉱型の単相である。 The insulating
The thin
一対の櫛型電極4は、互いに対向状態に配されて交互に櫛部4aが並んだ櫛型パターンの部分を有し、薄膜サーミスタ部3上の複数の櫛部4aから基端部4bまで延在部4cで繋がれている。 The
The pair of comb-shaped
上記保護膜7は、絶縁性樹脂膜等であり、例えば厚さ20μmのポリイミド膜が採用される。 The pair of
The
なお、上記点A,B,C,Dの各組成比(x、y、z)(原子%)は、A(15、35、50),B(2.5、47.5、50),C(3、57、40),D(18、42、40)である。 As described above, the thin
In addition, each composition ratio (x, y, z) (atomic%) of the points A, B, C, and D is A (15, 35, 50), B (2.5, 47.5, 50), C (3, 57, 40), D (18, 42, 40).
なお、膜の表面に対して垂直方向(膜厚方向)にa軸配向(100)が強いかc軸配向(002)が強いかの判断は、X線回折(XRD)を用いて結晶軸の配向性を調べることで、(100)(a軸配向を示すミラー指数)と(002)(c軸配向を示すミラー指数)とのピーク強度比から、「(100)のピーク強度」/「(002)のピーク強度」が1未満であることで決定する。 The thin
Whether the a-axis orientation (100) is strong or the c-axis orientation (002) is strong in the direction perpendicular to the film surface (film thickness direction) is determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). By examining the orientation, from the peak intensity ratio of (100) (Miller index indicating a-axis orientation) and (002) (Miller index indicating c-axis alignment), “(100) peak intensity” / “(( 002) peak intensity ”is less than 1.
本実施形態の温度センサ1の製造方法は、絶縁性フィルム2上に薄膜サーミスタ部3を形成する薄膜サーミスタ部形成工程と、互いに対向した一対の櫛型電極4を薄膜サーミスタ部3上にパターン形成する櫛型電極形成工程と、さらに絶縁性フィルム2上に一対のパターン電極5をパターン形成するパターン電極形成工程と、これらの上に保護膜7を形成する保護膜形成工程とを有している。 A method for manufacturing the
The manufacturing method of the
次に、端子部5aとなる部分を含む絶縁性フィルム2の基端部を除いて絶縁性フィルム2上に、ポリイミドワニスを印刷法により膜を塗布し、250℃、10minでキュアを行い、図4の(b)に示すように、20μm厚のポリイミド保護膜7を形成する。 Further, as shown in FIG. 3C, a conductive resin is formed on the insulating
Next, a polyimide varnish is applied on the insulating
また、この金属窒化物材料では、膜の表面に対して垂直方向に延在している柱状結晶であるので、膜の結晶性が高く、高い耐熱性が得られる。
さらに、この金属窒化物材料では、膜の表面に対して垂直方向にa軸よりc軸を強く配向させることで、a軸配向が強い場合に比べて高いB定数が得られる。 The thin-
In addition, since this metal nitride material is a columnar crystal extending in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the film, the film has high crystallinity and high heat resistance can be obtained.
Further, in this metal nitride material, by aligning the c-axis more strongly than the a-axis in the direction perpendicular to the film surface, a higher B constant can be obtained than when the a-axis alignment is strong.
また、反応性スパッタにおけるスパッタガス圧を、0.67Pa未満に設定することで、膜の表面に対して垂直方向にa軸よりc軸が強く配向している金属窒化物材料の膜を形成することができる。 In the method for manufacturing the thermistor material layer (thin film thermistor portion 3) of the present embodiment, since the film is formed by reactive sputtering in a nitrogen-containing atmosphere using a Ti—Al alloy sputtering target, the above-mentioned TiAlN is used. The metal nitride material can be formed without firing.
Further, by setting the sputtering gas pressure in reactive sputtering to less than 0.67 Pa, a metal nitride material film in which the c-axis is oriented more strongly than the a-axis in the direction perpendicular to the film surface is formed. be able to.
また、従来アルミナ等のセラミックスを用いた基板材料がしばしば用いられ、例えば、厚さ0.1mmへと薄くすると非常に脆く壊れやすい等の問題があったが、本発明においてはフィルムを用いることができるので、上記のように、例えば厚さ0.1mmの非常に薄いフィルム型サーミスタセンサを得ることができる。 Therefore, in the
In addition, substrate materials using ceramics such as alumina are often used in the past. For example, when the thickness is reduced to 0.1 mm, the substrate material is very brittle and easily broken. Therefore, as described above, for example, a very thin film type thermistor sensor having a thickness of 0.1 mm can be obtained.
まず、図7の(a)に示すように、先端側フィルム部32Aの表面全体に、第1実施形態と同様に薄膜サーミスタ部33を形成する。さらに、図7の(b)に示すように、櫛型電極4を第1実施形態と同様にパターン形成する。次に、図7の(c)に示すように、先端側フィルム部32Aの端部に配された櫛型電極4の基端部4bを除いて薄膜サーミスタ部33上に先端側保護膜7Aを形成して、櫛型電極4を覆う。このようにしてセンサ先端部36Aを作製する。 The manufacturing method of the
First, as shown in FIG. 7A, the thin
本発明のサーミスタ材料層(薄膜サーミスタ部3)の評価を行う実施例及び比較例として、図10に示す膜評価用素子121を次のように作製した。
まず、反応性スパッタ法にて、様々な組成比のTi−Al合金ターゲットを用いて、Si基板Sとなる熱酸化膜付きSiウエハ上に、厚さ500nmの表1に示す様々な組成比で形成された金属窒化物材料の薄膜サーミスタ部6を形成した。その時のスパッタ条件は、到達真空度:5×10−6Pa、スパッタガス圧:0.1~1Pa、ターゲット投入電力(出力):100~500Wで、Arガス+窒素ガスの混合ガス雰囲気下において、窒素ガス分率を10~100%と変えて作製した。 <Production of film evaluation element>
As examples and comparative examples for evaluating the thermistor material layer (thin film thermistor portion 3) of the present invention, a
First, by reactive sputtering, Ti—Al alloy targets having various composition ratios are used to form Si substrates S on a Si wafer with a thermal oxide film at various composition ratios shown in Table 1 having a thickness of 500 nm. A thin film thermistor portion 6 of the formed metal nitride material was formed. The sputtering conditions at that time were: ultimate vacuum: 5 × 10 −6 Pa, sputtering gas pressure: 0.1 to 1 Pa, target input power (output): 100 to 500 W, and in a mixed gas atmosphere of Ar gas + nitrogen gas The nitrogen gas fraction was changed to 10 to 100%.
なお、比較としてTixAlyNzの組成比が本発明の範囲外であって結晶系が異なる比較例についても同様に作製して評価を行った。 Next, a 20 nm Cr film was formed on the thin
For comparison, comparative examples in which the composition ratio of Ti x Al y N z is out of the scope of the present invention and the crystal system is different were similarly prepared and evaluated.
(1)組成分析
反応性スパッタ法にて得られた薄膜サーミスタ部3について、X線光電子分光法(XPS)にて元素分析を行った。このXPSでは、Arスパッタにより、最表面から深さ20nmのスパッタ面において、定量分析を実施した。その結果を表1に示す。なお、以下の表中の組成比は「原子%」で示している。 <Evaluation of membrane>
(1) Composition analysis About the thin
反応性スパッタ法にて得られた薄膜サーミスタ部3について、4端子法にて25℃での比抵抗を測定した。その結果を表1に示す。
(3)B定数測定
膜評価用素子121の25℃及び50℃の抵抗値を恒温槽内で測定し、25℃と50℃との抵抗値よりB定数を算出した。その結果を表1に示す。 (2) Specific resistance measurement About the thin
(3) B constant measurement The resistance value of 25 degreeC and 50 degreeC of the
B定数(K)=In(R25/R50)/(1/T25−1/T50)
R25(Ω):25℃における抵抗値
R50(Ω):50℃における抵抗値
T25(K):298.15K 25℃を絶対温度表示
T50(K):323.15K 50℃を絶対温度表示 In addition, the B constant calculation method in this invention is calculated | required by the following formula | equation from each resistance value of 25 degreeC and 50 degreeC as mentioned above.
B constant (K) = In (R25 / R50) / (1 / T25-1 / T50)
R25 (Ω): resistance value at 25 ° C. R50 (Ω): resistance value at 50 ° C. T25 (K): 298.15
反応性スパッタ法にて得られた薄膜サーミスタ部3を、視斜角入射X線回折(Grazing Incidence X−ray Diffraction)により、結晶相を同定した。この薄膜X線回折は、微小角X線回折実験であり、管球をCuとし、入射角を1度とすると共に2θ=20~130度の範囲で測定した。 (4) Thin film X-ray diffraction (identification of crystal phase)
The crystal phase of the thin
なお、表1に示す比較例1,2は、上述したように結晶相がウルツ鉱型相でもNaCl型相でもなく、本試験においては同定できなかった。また、これらの比較例は、XRDのピーク幅が非常に広いことから、非常に結晶性の劣る材料であった。これは、電気特性により金属的振舞いに近いことから、窒化不足の金属相になっていると考えられる。 Thus, in the TiAlN system, a region having a high resistance and a high B constant exists in the wurtzite phase of Al / (Ti + Al) ≧ 0.7. In the examples of the present invention, the impurity phase is not confirmed, and is a wurtzite type single phase.
In Comparative Examples 1 and 2 shown in Table 1, the crystal phase was neither the wurtzite type phase nor the NaCl type phase as described above, and could not be identified in this test. Further, these comparative examples were materials with very poor crystallinity because the peak width of XRD was very wide. This is considered to be a metal phase with insufficient nitriding because it is close to a metallic behavior due to electrical characteristics.
なお、同じ成膜条件でポリイミドフィルムに成膜しても、同様にウルツ鉱型相の単一相が形成されていることを確認している。また、同じ成膜条件でポリイミドフィルムに成膜しても、配向性は変わらないことを確認している。 As a result, the example in which the film was formed at a sputtering gas pressure of less than 0.67 Pa was a film having a (002) strength much stronger than (100) and a stronger c-axis orientation than a-axis orientation. . On the other hand, the example in which the film was formed at a sputtering gas pressure of 0.67 Pa or higher was a material having a (100) strength much stronger than (002) and a a-axis orientation stronger than the c-axis orientation.
In addition, even if it formed into a film on the polyimide film on the same film-forming conditions, it confirmed that the single phase of the wurtzite type phase was formed similarly. Moreover, even if it forms into a film on a polyimide film on the same film-forming conditions, it has confirmed that orientation does not change.
また、a軸配向が強い実施例のXRDプロファイルの一例を、図14に示す。この実施例は、Al/(Ti+Al)=0.83(ウルツ鉱型、六方晶)であり、入射角を1度として測定した。この結果からわかるように、この実施例では、(002)よりも(100)の強度が非常に強くなっている。 An example of an XRD profile of an example with strong c-axis orientation is shown in FIG. In this example, Al / (Ti + Al) = 0.84 (wurtzite type, hexagonal crystal), and the incident angle was 1 degree. As can be seen from this result, in this example, the intensity of (002) is much stronger than (100).
Moreover, an example of the XRD profile of an Example with a strong a-axis orientation is shown in FIG. In this example, Al / (Ti + Al) = 0.83 (wurtzite type, hexagonal crystal), and the incident angle was measured as 1 degree. As can be seen from this result, in this example, the intensity of (100) is much stronger than (002).
表2及び図16に示すように、Al/(Ti+Al)比がほぼ同じ比率のものに対し、基板面に垂直方向の配向度の強い結晶軸がc軸である材料(実施例5,7,8,9)とa軸である材料(実施例19,20,21)とがある。 Next, the correlation between the crystal structure and the electrical characteristics was further compared in detail for the example of the present invention which is a wurtzite type material.
As shown in Table 2 and FIG. 16, a material in which the crystal axis having a strong degree of orientation in the direction perpendicular to the substrate surface is the c-axis for the Al / (Ti + Al) ratio is substantially the same (Examples 5, 7, 8, 9) and a material which is a-axis (Examples 19, 20, 21).
次に、薄膜サーミスタ部3の断面における結晶形態を示す一例として、熱酸化膜付きSi基板S上に成膜された実施例(Al/(Ti+Al)=0.84,ウルツ鉱型、六方晶、c軸配向性が強い)の薄膜サーミスタ部3における断面SEM写真を、図17に示す。また、別の実施例(Al/(Ti+Al)=0.83,ウルツ鉱型六方晶、a軸配向性が強い)の薄膜サーミスタ部3における断面SEM写真を、図18に示す。
これら実施例のサンプルは、Si基板Sをへき開破断したものを用いている。また、45°の角度で傾斜観察した写真である。 <Evaluation of crystal form>
Next, as an example showing the crystal form in the cross section of the thin
The samples of these examples are those obtained by cleaving the Si substrate S. Moreover, it is the photograph which observed the inclination at an angle of 45 degrees.
表1に示す実施例及び比較例において、大気中,125℃,1000hの耐熱試験前後における抵抗値及びB定数を評価した。その結果を表3に示す。なお、比較として従来のTa−Al−N系材料による比較例も同様に評価した。
これらの結果からわかるように、Al濃度及び窒素濃度は異なるものの、Ta−Al−N系である比較例と同じB定数で比較したとき、耐熱試験前後における電気特性変化でみたときの耐熱性は、Ti−Al−N系のほうが優れている。なお、実施例5,8はc軸配向が強い材料であり、実施例21,24はa軸配向が強い材料である。両者を比較すると、c軸配向が強い実施例の方がa軸配向が強い実施例に比べて僅かに耐熱性が向上している。 <Evaluation of heat resistance test of membrane>
In Examples and Comparative Examples shown in Table 1, resistance values and B constants before and after a heat resistance test at 125 ° C. and 1000 h in the atmosphere were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 3. For comparison, comparative examples using conventional Ta—Al—N materials were also evaluated in the same manner.
As can be seen from these results, although the Al concentration and the nitrogen concentration are different, when compared with the same B constant as that of the comparative example which is a Ta-Al-N system, the heat resistance when viewed in terms of changes in electrical characteristics before and after the heat resistance test is The Ti-Al-N system is superior. Examples 5 and 8 are materials with strong c-axis orientation, and Examples 21 and 24 are materials with strong a-axis orientation. When both are compared, the heat resistance of the example with a strong c-axis orientation is slightly improved as compared with the example with a strong a-axis orientation.
Claims (4)
- 絶縁性フィルムと、
該絶縁性フィルムの表面にTiAlNのサーミスタ材料で形成された薄膜サーミスタ部と、
前記薄膜サーミスタ部の上及び下の少なくとも一方に複数の櫛部を有して互いに対向して金属でパターン形成された一対の櫛型電極と、
前記一対の櫛型電極に接続され前記絶縁性フィルムの表面にパターン形成された一対のパターン電極とを備え、
前記パターン電極の少なくとも一部が、導電性樹脂で形成されていることを特徴とする温度センサ。 An insulating film;
A thin film thermistor portion formed of TiAlN thermistor material on the surface of the insulating film;
A pair of comb-shaped electrodes having a plurality of comb portions on at least one of the upper and lower sides of the thin film thermistor portion and patterned with metal facing each other;
A pair of pattern electrodes connected to the pair of comb electrodes and patterned on the surface of the insulating film;
A temperature sensor, wherein at least a part of the pattern electrode is formed of a conductive resin. - 請求項1に記載の温度センサにおいて、
前記パターン電極が、繰り返し折り返されたミアンダ形状とされていることを特徴とする温度センサ。 The temperature sensor according to claim 1,
The temperature sensor, wherein the pattern electrode has a meander shape that is repeatedly folded. - 請求項1に記載の温度センサにおいて、
前記絶縁性フィルムが、前記薄膜サーミスタ部と前記櫛型電極とが形成された先端側フィルム部と、前記パターン電極が形成された基端側フィルム部とに分割して構成され、
前記櫛型電極と前記パターン電極の導電性樹脂で形成された部分とが導電性樹脂で接続されていると共に前記先端側フィルム部と前記基端側フィルム部とが導電性樹脂で連結されていることを特徴とする温度センサ。 The temperature sensor according to claim 1,
The insulating film is divided into a distal end side film portion in which the thin film thermistor portion and the comb electrode are formed, and a proximal end side film portion in which the pattern electrode is formed.
The comb-shaped electrode and the portion of the pattern electrode formed of a conductive resin are connected by a conductive resin, and the distal end side film portion and the proximal end side film portion are connected by a conductive resin. A temperature sensor characterized by that. - 請求項1に記載の温度センサにおいて、
前記薄膜サーミスタ部が、一般式:TixAlyNz(0.70≦y/(x+y)≦0.95、0.4≦z≦0.5、x+y+z=1)で示される金属窒化物からなり、その結晶構造が、六方晶系のウルツ鉱型の単相であることを特徴とする温度センサ。 The temperature sensor according to claim 1,
The thin film thermistor portion is a metal nitride represented by the general formula: Ti x Al y N z (0.70 ≦ y / (x + y) ≦ 0.95, 0.4 ≦ z ≦ 0.5, x + y + z = 1) A temperature sensor characterized in that its crystal structure is a hexagonal wurtzite single phase.
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US9891117B2 (en) | 2018-02-13 |
JP2014070955A (en) | 2014-04-21 |
KR102018940B1 (en) | 2019-09-05 |
JP5896160B2 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
KR20150058261A (en) | 2015-05-28 |
TW201418682A (en) | 2014-05-16 |
CN104641208A (en) | 2015-05-20 |
EP2902761A4 (en) | 2016-02-17 |
TWI599763B (en) | 2017-09-21 |
US20150260586A1 (en) | 2015-09-17 |
CN104641208B (en) | 2017-03-22 |
EP2902761B1 (en) | 2016-11-09 |
EP2902761A1 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
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