WO2014050735A1 - 情報処理装置、電力需要体、情報処理方法、及びプログラム - Google Patents
情報処理装置、電力需要体、情報処理方法、及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014050735A1 WO2014050735A1 PCT/JP2013/075459 JP2013075459W WO2014050735A1 WO 2014050735 A1 WO2014050735 A1 WO 2014050735A1 JP 2013075459 W JP2013075459 W JP 2013075459W WO 2014050735 A1 WO2014050735 A1 WO 2014050735A1
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- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 title claims description 94
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 31
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
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- H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an information processing apparatus, a power demand body, an information processing method, and a program that support setting of a power demand schedule.
- the amount of power supply is determined in accordance with the power demand forecast.
- Patent Document 1 describes that a management device is installed in a manufacturing facility of a power consumer and the target value of power consumption is transmitted to this management device.
- Patent Document 2 describes that a battery of an electric vehicle is assumed to be a distributed power resource, and the plurality of power resources are controlled according to a predetermined schedule.
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes that the output fluctuation of solar cell power generation is suppressed using an electric vehicle.
- Non-Patent Document 2 describes the following technology. First, an electric vehicle charging time zone and a total charging power target are set for a power generation / demand plan that takes into account surplus power predicted in advance. In the operation on the day, prioritization of the necessity of charging is performed for a plurality of electric vehicles, and then the number of electric vehicles necessary to achieve the total charging power target is selected.
- JP 2009-122485 A Japanese translation of PCT publication 2010-512727
- the present inventor considered that if a demand target within a target period is arbitrarily set, it may be impossible to realize the demand target. For example, if a too large value is set as the demand target, the number of electric vehicles to be charged in that period may be too small to secure the amount of charging power. Therefore, if an attempt is made to achieve the demand target at the start of the target period, the demand may not be maintained in the second half of the target period. Conversely, when the target value is set low in order to reliably achieve the demand target, the ability to stabilize the supply and demand balance, which is the original purpose, becomes small.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an information processing apparatus, a power consumer, an information processing method, and a program that support setting an appropriate demand schedule.
- Time range setting means for setting and For each of the plurality of power demanding bodies, a required operating time setting that sets a required operating time that is a length of time to operate and has a length equal to or shorter than a time from the operation start possible time to the operation end target time Means, Shape information acquisition means for acquiring shape information indicating an assumed shape of a transition line indicating the transition of the power supply amount in the target period; Demand power indicating the transition of the demand power amount in the target period so that the transition of the demand power amount that is generated when the required operation time is obtained and the plurality of power demanders operate is in line with the assumed shape.
- Demand transition setting means for determining transition information; An information processing apparatus is provided.
- an electric power consumer that receives an operation schedule from the above-described information processing apparatus and operates according to the operation schedule is provided.
- an operation start possible time at which the operation can be started and an operation end target time that is the latest time among the times at which the operation should be ended And set For each of the plurality of power demanding bodies, it is a length of time to operate, and set a required operation time having a length less than the time from the operation start possible time to the operation end target time,
- the computer obtains shape information indicating the assumed shape of the transition line indicating the transition of power supply during the target period, Transition of the demand power amount in the target period so that the computer can obtain the required operation time and the transition of the demand power amount generated by the operation of the plurality of power demand bodies follows the assumed shape.
- a computer A function for setting an operation startable time at which an operation can be started and an operation end target time that is the latest time among the times at which the operation should be ended, for each of a plurality of power demand bodies that generate power demand; , For each of the plurality of power demanding bodies, a function for setting a required operation time that is a length of time for operation and having a length equal to or less than a time from the operation start possible time to the operation end target time; A function of acquiring shape information indicating an assumed shape of a transition line indicating a transition of power supply amount in a target period; Demand power indicating the transition of the demand power amount in the target period so that the transition of the demand power amount that is generated when the required operation time is obtained and the plurality of power demanders operate is in line with the assumed shape.
- setting an appropriate demand schedule can be supported.
- step S30 of FIG. 5 It is a figure for demonstrating the calculation process (step S30 of FIG. 5) of the minimum demand electric energy. It is a figure for demonstrating the 1st example of the detail of step S40, S50 of FIG. It is a figure which shows the result of the process shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the 2nd example of the detail of step S40, S50 of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the 2nd example of the detail of step S40, S50 of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the 2nd example of the detail of step S40, S50 of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the 2nd example of the detail of step S40, S50 of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the 2nd example of the detail of step S40, S50 of FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the results of the processes shown in FIGS. 11 to 14.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows the modification of the process shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the use environment of the information processing apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating operation
- each component of each device indicates a functional unit block, not a hardware unit configuration.
- Each component of each device includes a CPU, memory, a program that realizes the components shown in the figure loaded in the memory, a storage medium such as a hard disk for storing the program, and a network connection interface. It is realized by any combination of software and software. There are various modifications of the implementation method and apparatus.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a use environment of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the information processing apparatus 10 communicates with the plurality of power demanding bodies 20 and the plan management apparatus 40 via the communication network 30.
- the electric power demand body 20 generates electric power demand, and is, for example, an electric device or a charger. More specifically, the electric power consumer 20 includes an electric vehicle charging station, a heat pump that converts electric energy into heat energy, a portable communication terminal, a computer having a charge value, an electrically assisted bicycle, and a robot having a charge value. At least one. The case where the heat pump is used as air conditioning indoors is also included.
- the plan management device 40 is a device used when making a plan for time transition of the amount of power supplied to the power network.
- the power consumer 20 is connected to this power network.
- the information processing apparatus 10 is an apparatus used when setting up an operation schedule of the power consumer 20. Specifically, the information processing apparatus 10 acquires shape information from the plan management apparatus 40.
- the shape information indicates the assumed shape of a transition line indicating the transition of the power supply amount in the target period. And the information processing apparatus 10 sets up the operation schedule of the electric power consumer 20 so that this assumed shape may be met.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the information processing apparatus 10.
- the information processing apparatus 10 includes a time range setting unit 110, a required operation time setting unit 120, a shape information acquisition unit 130, and a demand transition setting unit 140.
- the time range setting unit 110 sets, for each of the plurality of power demanding bodies 20, an operation startable time at which an operation can be started and an operation end target time that is the latest time among the times at which the operation should end. .
- the required operation time setting unit 120 sets the required operation time for each of the plurality of power demanding bodies 20.
- the required operation time is the length of time that the power consumer 20 should operate, and has a length equal to or shorter than the time from the operation start possible time to the operation end target time.
- the shape information acquisition unit 130 acquires the shape information described above from the plan management device 40.
- the demand transition setting part 140 is the transition of the demand power amount in the target period so that the required operation time can be obtained and the transition of the demand power amount generated by the operation of the plurality of power demanding bodies 20 follows the assumed shape.
- Demand power transition information indicating The target period is, for example, a part of a day.
- This part of the time zone is, for example, a time zone in which power demand is concentrated, and a time zone in which power generation using renewable energy is performed efficiently.
- the information processing apparatus 10 determines the demand power transition information so as to follow the shape information indicating the assumed shape of the transition line indicating the transition of the power supply amount. Therefore, demand power transition information that stabilizes the supply-demand balance can be easily determined.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a use environment of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the second embodiment.
- the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment is connected to a plurality of charging stations 22 and a plan management apparatus 40 via a communication network 30.
- the plurality of charging stations 22 have chargers, for example, charging stations for electric vehicles.
- the charging station 22 is an example of the power demand body 20 in the first embodiment.
- the charging station 22 is connected to the power network 44.
- the power supplied to the power grid 44 is controlled by the substation 42.
- the substation 42 controls the power supplied to the power network 44 in accordance with the instruction transmitted from the instruction device 46.
- the operation plan of the instruction device 46 is stored in the plan management device 40.
- the shape information transmitted to the information processing apparatus 10 is determined based on the operation plan of the instruction device 46.
- the information processing apparatus 10 and the plan management apparatus 40 are connected via the communication network 30, but the information processing apparatus 10 and the plan management apparatus 40 are connected via a dedicated line. Also good. Further, the information processing apparatus 10 and the plan management apparatus 40 may be a single computer.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment has the same configuration as the information processing apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment except for the following points.
- the information processing apparatus 10 includes an upper / lower limit calculation unit 150.
- the upper / lower limit calculation unit 150 calculates the maximum demand power amount and the minimum demand power amount using the required operation time, the operation startable time, and the operation end target time.
- the maximum demand power amount is the demand power amount in the target period when the time period included in the target period is the longest among the time periods in which the charging stations 22 are operating for each of the plurality of charging stations 22.
- the minimum amount of power demand is the amount of power demand within the target period when the time period included in the target period is the shortest among the time periods in which the charging stations 22 are operating for each of the plurality of charging stations 22. .
- the maximum power demand amount is the power demand amount when the operation time of the charging station 22 (that is, the charging timing of the electric vehicle) is included in the target period as much as possible in all the charging stations 22.
- the minimum demand power amount is the demand power amount when the operation time of the charging station 22 (that is, the charging timing of the electric vehicle) is not included in the target period as much as possible in all the charging stations 22.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 determines the first demand power transition information so that the maximum demand power amount can be obtained within the target period, and the second demand so that the minimum demand power amount can be obtained within the target period. Define power transition information.
- the calculated first demand power transition information and second demand power transition information are transmitted to the plan management device 40.
- the first demand power transition information is based on the maximum amount of power that can be stored in the plurality of charging stations 22 within the target period, and the second demand power transition information is determined by the plurality of charging stations 22 within the target period. Based on the amount of power that must be stored. For this reason, the power supply plan to the power network 44 is a realistic plan as long as it is included in the region between the first demand power transition information and the second power transition information.
- the information processing apparatus 10 calculates the operation schedules of the plurality of charging stations 22 when calculating the first demand power transition information and the second demand power transition information.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 of the information processing apparatus 10 transmits this operation schedule to the plurality of charging stations 22.
- the charging station 22 operates according to the received operation schedule.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the information processing apparatus 10 in this embodiment.
- the time range setting unit 110 of the information processing apparatus 10 sets an operation startable time and an operation end target time for each of the plurality of charging stations 22.
- the required operation time setting unit 120 sets the required operation time of the plurality of charging stations 22.
- the shape information acquisition unit 130 acquires shape information from the plan management device 40 (step S10).
- the operation startable time, the operation end target time, and the necessary operation time are calculated based on, for example, the operation history for each charging station 22.
- This operation history includes at least the time when the rechargeable battery is connected to the charger (plug-in time), the time when the rechargeable battery is disconnected from the charger (plug-out time), and the free capacity until full charge at the start of charging.
- the operation startable time is, for example, the average time of plug-in times
- the operation end target time is, for example, the average time of plug-out times.
- the required operation time is determined based on the free capacity.
- the calculation processing of the operation startable time, the operation end target time, and the necessary operation time may be performed by the charging station 22 or the information processing apparatus 10. In the latter case, the charging station 22 transmits data indicating the operation history to the information processing apparatus 10.
- the information processing apparatus 10 stores the received data.
- the upper and lower limit calculation unit 150 calculates the maximum demand power amount (step S20) and calculates the minimum demand power amount (step S30). Then, the demand transition setting unit 140 determines first demand power transition information so that the maximum demand power amount can be obtained within the target period. Accordingly, the demand transition setting unit 140 calculates a first charging schedule for each of the plurality of charging stations 22 (step S40). Further, the demand transition setting unit 140 determines second demand power transition information so that the minimum demand power amount can be obtained within the target period. Accordingly, the demand transition setting unit 140 calculates a second charging schedule for each of the plurality of charging stations 22 (step S50). Details of the processing between steps S20 to S50 will be described later.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 transmits the first demand power transition information and the second demand power transition information to the plan management device 40 (step S60). Further, the demand transition setting unit 140 transmits the first charging schedule and the second charging schedule of the charging station 22 to each of the plurality of charging stations 22 (step S70).
- FIG. 6 shows an example of the relationship between the operation start possible time, the operation end target time, the required operation time, and the target period.
- the information processing apparatus 10 obtains such information in step S10 of FIG.
- the required operation time is longer than the time from the operation start possible time to the operation end target time.
- the time zone which operates the charger of the charging station 22 can be freely moved to some extent between the operation start possible time and the operation end target time.
- zone can be divided
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the calculation process of the maximum demand electric energy (step S20 in FIG. 5).
- the time period during which the charger of the charging station 22 is operated can be freely moved to some extent between the operation startable time and the operation end target time.
- zone can be divided
- the demand transition setting unit 140 sets a time period for operating the charger of the charging station 22 so that the time period for operating the charger of the charging station 22 is included in the target period as much as possible.
- This setting includes dividing a specific time zone into a plurality of times and setting a part of the time zone as a time zone during which the charger of the charging station 22 is operated.
- the demand transition The setting unit 140 sets the time at which the operation of the charger of the charging station 22 is started as the operation startable time (example A in FIG. 7). In this case, the operation end time of the charger of the charging station 22 is later than the target period. Further, the operation schedule of the charging station 22 has no degree of freedom and is uniquely determined (non-changeable demand body).
- the demand trend The setting unit 140 sets the time at which the operation of the charger of the charging station 22 is ended as the operation end target time (example B in FIG. 7). In this case, the operation end time of the charger of the charging station 22 is later than the target period. Further, the operation schedule of the charging station 22 has no degree of freedom and is uniquely determined (non-changeable demand body).
- the setting of the charging time zone by the setting unit 140 has a degree of freedom (example C in FIG. 7). That is, the operation schedule of the charging station 22 has a degree of freedom (changeable demand body). This degree of freedom is determined when the operation start time of the charger at the charging station 22 becomes the operation startable time (that is, when the charging time is shifted to the leftmost side in the figure) and the operation end time of the charger at the charging station 22. Is when the target period ends.
- the setting of the charging time zone by the setting unit 140 has a degree of freedom (example D in FIG. 7). That is, the operation schedule of the charging station 22 has a degree of freedom (changeable demand body). This degree of freedom is determined when the operation start time of the charger of the charging station 22 becomes the operation end target time from the case where the operation start time of the charger of the charging station 22 becomes the start time of the target period (that is, the charging time). In the figure).
- the setting of the time zone has a degree of freedom (example E in FIG. 7). That is, the operation schedule of the charging station 22 has a degree of freedom (changeable demand body). This degree of freedom is determined when the operation start time of the charger at the charging station 22 becomes the operation startable time (that is, when the charging time is shifted to the leftmost side in the figure) and the operation end time of the charger at the charging station 22. Is when the operation end target time is reached (that is, when the charging time is moved to the rightmost side in the figure).
- the demand transition setting unit 140 has a degree of freedom in setting the charging time zone ( Example F) of FIG. That is, the operation schedule of the charging station 22 has a degree of freedom (changeable demand body). This degree of freedom is determined when the operation start time of the charger of the charging station 22 becomes the start time of the target period, and when the operation end time of the charger of the charging station 22 becomes the end time of the target period (that is, charging). (When the time is moved to the rightmost side in the figure).
- the demand transition setting part 140 adjusts the operation schedule of the charging station 22 which is a changeable demand body in the calculation process (step S40) of the first demand power transition information described above.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 divides the target period into fixed time units (discretization). This time unit is sufficiently small with respect to the time required to switch the charger of the charging station 22 on and off. Step S40 will be described later.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the calculation process of the minimum demand electric energy (step S30 in FIG. 5).
- the time period during which the charger of the charging station 22 is operated can be freely moved to some extent between the operation startable time and the operation end target time.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 sets a time zone for operating the charger of the charging station 22 so that the time zone for operating the charger of the charging station 22 is not included in the target period as much as possible.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 sets the time at which the operation of the charger of the charging station 22 is started as the operation startable time (examples B and D in FIG. 7). , F).
- the operation schedule of the charging station 22 has no degree of freedom and is uniquely determined (non-changeable demand body).
- the demand transition setting unit 140 sets the time at which the operation of the charger of the charging station 22 is ended as the operation end target time (examples A and C in FIG. 7). Also in this case, the operation schedule of the charging station 22 has no degree of freedom and is uniquely determined (non-changeable demand body).
- the setting of the time zone has a degree of freedom (example E in FIG. 7). That is, the operation schedule of the charging station 22 has a degree of freedom (changeable demand body). This degree of freedom is determined when the operation start time of the charger at the charging station 22 becomes the operation startable time (that is, when the charging time is shifted to the leftmost side in the figure) and the operation end time of the charger at the charging station 22. Is when the operation end target time is reached (that is, when the charging time is moved to the rightmost side in the figure).
- the demand transition setting part 140 adjusts the operation schedule of the charging station 22 which is a changeable demand body in the calculation process (step S50) of the above-described second demand power transition information.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 divides the target period into fixed time units (discretization). Step S50 will be described later. This time unit is sufficiently small with respect to the time required to switch the charger of the charging station 22 on and off.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a first example of details of steps S40 and S50 of FIG.
- the example shown in this figure is when the transition line is a straight line (that is, when the amount of power supply is constant on the time axis).
- the demand transition setting unit 140 divides the target period into fixed time units ⁇ t. And the demand transition setting part 140 moves the charge time slot
- the electric power demand by a changeable demand body shifts on a time-axis.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 repeats this so that the power demand is close to the target value.
- an operation schedule is set for all charging stations 22.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a result of the process shown in FIG.
- the power demand plan in the power network 44 is set so as to be included in an area between the first demand power transition information and the second power transition information.
- FIG. 11 to 14 are diagrams for explaining a second example of the details of steps S40 and S50 in FIG.
- the example shown in this figure is a case where the assumed shape (transition line) is a curve and is represented by a function (first function) as shown in FIG.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 divides the assumed shape into the above-described time unit ⁇ t by using the first function and discretizes it.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 adds a negative first constant to the discretized first function.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 determines the first constant so that the first function is less than 0 in the entire target period.
- the first constant is a value obtained by multiplying the maximum value of the first function in the target period by ⁇ 1 or a value larger in the negative direction than that.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 determines the demand power transition information so that the sum of the square values of the differences between the first function and the demand power transition information is minimized. Specifically, the demand transition setting unit 140 calculates a difference L t between the first function indicating the assumed shape and the demand power transition information in each segmented section. And so that the sum of the squares of the difference L t is the minimum value, determine the demand for power transition information. This processing is expressed as follows.
- W (t) is a discretized function (second function) indicating power demand transition information
- f ′ (t) is the first function after adding the first constant. Then, (W (t) ⁇ f ′ (t)) becomes L t .
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the results of the processing shown in FIGS. Also in this figure, the power supply plan to the power network 44 is set so as to be included in the region between the first demand power transition information and the second power transition information.
- the first demand power transition information is based on the maximum amount of power that can be stored in the plurality of charging stations 22 within the target period
- the second demand power transition information is the plurality of charging stations within the target period. 22 is based on the amount of power that must be stored. For this reason, the power supply plan to the power network 44 is a realistic plan as long as it is included in the region between the first demand power transition information and the second power transition information.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 determines the first constant so that the first function is less than 0 in the entire target period. For this reason, in the processing shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, there is only one power demand amount having a certain value of L t . Therefore, the calculation amount of the processing shown in FIGS.
- the first constant shown in FIG. 12 may not be a value that makes all of the first functions negative.
- the first constant may be a value that makes the first function negative in any section. Even in this case, the calculation amount of the processing shown in FIGS.
- the operation startable time, the operation end target time, and the required operation time include day information, month information, humidity, battery temperature, and rechargeable battery type information (for example, vehicle type information). May be used.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a usage environment of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the third embodiment. This embodiment is the same as the usage environment of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the second embodiment except for the following points.
- a plurality of information processing apparatuses 10 are provided for one plan management apparatus 40.
- the plurality of information processing apparatuses 10 are managed by different managers.
- the plurality of information processing apparatuses 10 manage different charging stations 22. These charging stations 22 are all connected to the same power network 44.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the information processing apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment performs the same processing as the information processing apparatus 10 according to the second embodiment in that the demand transition setting unit 140 performs the following processing.
- the demand transition setting unit 140 sets the first demand power transition information and the second power transition information so that the transition of the demand power amount follows the function obtained by multiplying the first function, which is the shape information, by the second constant. Is calculated. At this time, the demand transition setting unit 140 adds a linear function having a negative coefficient to the first function after being multiplied by the second constant, and then calculates the absolute value of the difference between the first function and the demand power transition information. Demand power transition information is determined so that the sum is minimized.
- the second constant is a constant less than 1.
- the corrected first function f ′ (t, b) is It is defined as follows.
- W t is a discretized function (second function) indicating power demand transition information.
- (W t ⁇ f ′ (t, b)) corresponds to L t shown in FIG.
- the power transition information calculated by each of the plurality of information processing devices 10 is in a form that conforms to the assumed shape by the second constant b. For this reason, when the power transition information of each of the plurality of information processing apparatuses 10 is added, the first function, that is, a shape that follows the assumed shape is obtained.
- the same effect as that of the second embodiment can be obtained. Further, even if the demand power amount managed by a certain information processing apparatus 10 has a different fluctuation than expected, the influence on the total demand power amount is reduced.
- the power transition information is set so as to follow a function obtained by multiplying the first function indicating the assumed shape by the second constant b less than 1. For this reason, even if there is a fluctuation in the amount of power demand that is not expected, the influence of the fluctuation amount on the whole is reduced by the second constant b.
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Abstract
Description
前記複数の電力需要体それぞれについて、動作をすべき時間の長さであり、前記動作開始可能時刻から前記動作終了目標時刻までの時間以下の長さを有する必要動作時間を設定する必要動作時間設定手段と、
対象期間における電力供給量の推移を示す推移線の想定形状を示す形状情報を取得する形状情報取得手段と、
前記必要動作時間が得られ、かつ前記複数の電力需要体が動作することによって発生する需要電力量の推移が前記想定形状に沿うように、前記対象期間における前記需要電力量の推移を示す需要電力推移情報を定める需要推移設定手段と、
を備える情報処理装置が提供される。
前記複数の電力需要体それぞれについて、動作をすべき時間の長さであり、前記動作開始可能時刻から前記動作終了目標時刻までの時間以下の長さを有する必要動作時間を設定し、
コンピュータが、対象期間における電力供給量の推移を示す推移線の想定形状を示す形状情報を取得し、
前記コンピュータが、前記必要動作時間が得られ、かつ前記複数の電力需要体が動作することによって発生する需要電力量の推移が前記想定形状に沿うように、前記対象期間における前記需要電力量の推移を示す需要電力推移情報を定める情報処理方法が提供される。
電力の需要を発生させる複数の電力需要体それぞれについて、動作を開始することができる動作開始可能時刻と、動作が終了すべき時刻のうち最も遅い時刻である動作終了目標時刻とを設定する機能と、
前記複数の電力需要体それぞれについて、動作をすべき時間の長さであり、前記動作開始可能時刻から前記動作終了目標時刻までの時間以下の長さを有する必要動作時間を設定する機能と、
対象期間における電力供給量の推移を示す推移線の想定形状を示す形状情報を取得する機能と、
前記必要動作時間が得られ、かつ前記複数の電力需要体が動作することによって発生する需要電力量の推移が前記想定形状に沿うように、前記対象期間における前記需要電力量の推移を示す需要電力推移情報を定める機能と、
を実現させるプログラムが提供される。
図1は、第1の実施形態に係る情報処理装置10の使用環境を説明するための図である。情報処理装置10は、通信網30を介して、複数の電力需要体20、及び計画管理装置40と通信を行う。
図3は、第2の実施形態に係る情報処理装置10の使用環境を説明するための図である。本実施形態に係る情報処理装置10は、通信網30を介して、複数の充電ステーション22、及び計画管理装置40に接続している。複数の充電ステーション22は、充電器を有しており、例えば電気自動車の充電ステーションである。充電ステーション22は、第1の実施形態における電力需要体20の一例である。充電ステーション22は、電力網44に接続している。電力網44へ供給される電力は、変電所42によって制御されている。変電所42は、指示装置46から送信される指示に従って、電力網44に供給される電力を制御する。指示装置46の動作計画は、計画管理装置40が記憶している。情報処理装置10に送信される形状情報は、指示装置46の動作計画に基づいて定められている。
なお、W(t)は電力需要推移情報を示す、離散化された関数(第2関数)であり、f´(t)は、第1定数を加えた後の第1関数である。そして(W(t)-f´(t))がLtとなる。
図17は、第3の実施形態に係る情報処理装置10の使用環境を示す図である。本実施形態は、以下の点を除いて、第2の実施形態に係る情報処理装置10の使用環境と同様である。
ただしf(t)≧0
なお、Wtは電力需要推移情報を示す、離散化された関数(第2関数)である。そして(Wt-f´(t、b))が、図13に示したLtに対応している。
Claims (29)
- 電力の需要を発生させる複数の電力需要体それぞれについて、動作を開始することができる動作開始可能時刻と、動作が終了すべき時刻のうち最も遅い時刻である動作終了目標時刻とを設定する時刻範囲設定手段と、
前記複数の電力需要体それぞれについて、動作をすべき時間の長さであり、前記動作開始可能時刻から前記動作終了目標時刻までの時間以下の長さを有する必要動作時間を設定する必要動作時間設定手段と、
対象期間における電力供給量の推移を示す推移線の想定形状を示す形状情報を取得する形状情報取得手段と、
前記必要動作時間が得られ、かつ前記複数の電力需要体が動作することによって発生する需要電力量の推移が前記想定形状に沿うように、前記対象期間における前記需要電力量の推移を示す需要電力推移情報を定める需要推移設定手段と、
を備える情報処理装置。 - 請求項1に記載の情報処理装置において、
前記必要動作時間、前記動作開始可能時刻、及び前記動作終了目標時刻を用いて、前記複数の電力需要体別に当該電力需要体が動作している時間帯のうち前記対象期間に含まれる時間帯を最も長くした場合における、前記対象期間内の前記需要電力量を最大需要電力量として算出し、かつ、前記複数の電力需要体別に当該電力需要体が動作している時間帯のうち前記対象期間に含まれる時間帯を最も短くした場合における、前記対象期間内の前記需要電力量を最小需要電力量として算出する上下限算出手段を備え、
前記需要推移設定手段は、前記最大需要電力量が前記対象期間内で得られるように第1の前記需要電力推移情報を定め、かつ、前記最小需要電力量が前記対象期間内で得られるように第2の前記需要電力推移情報を定める情報処理装置。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の情報処理装置において、
前記形状情報は前記推移線を示す第1関数であり、
前記需要推移設定手段は、前記第1関数に負の第1定数を加えた上で、前記第1関数と前記需要電力推移情報の差分の二乗値の和が最小となるように、前記需要電力推移情報を定める情報処理装置。 - 請求項3に記載の情報処理装置において、
前記需要推移設定手段は、前記第1関数が前記対象期間の全てで0未満となるように前記第1定数を定める情報処理装置。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の情報処理装置において、
前記形状情報は前記推移線を示す第1関数であり、
前記需要推移設定手段は、前記第1関数に第2定数を乗じた関数に前記需要電力量の推移が沿うように、前記需要電力推移情報を定める情報処理装置。 - 請求項5に記載の情報処理装置において、
前記需要推移設定手段は、前記第1関数に係数が負である一次関数を加えた上で、前記第1関数と前記需要電力推移情報の差分の絶対値の和が最小となるように、前記需要電力推移情報を定める情報処理装置。 - 請求項6に記載の情報処理装置において、
前記需要推移設定手段は、前記第2定数を変えつつ、前記第1関数と前記需要電力推移情報の差分の二乗値の和を算出し、当該和が最小となるように前記第2定数を定める情報処理装置。 - 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の情報処理装置において、
前記電力需要体は充電池であり、前記動作は前記充電池の充電動作である情報処理装置。 - 請求項8に記載の情報処理装置において、
前記充電池は電気自動車に搭載されており、
前記時刻範囲設定手段は、複数の前記電気自動車それぞれの走行履歴を用いて前記複数の電気自動車それぞれの前記動作開始可能時刻及び前記動作終了目標時刻を設定し、
前記必要動作時間設定手段は、前記複数の前記電気自動車それぞれの充電履歴を用いて前記複数の電気自動車それぞれの前記必要動作時間を設定する情報処理装置。 - 請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の情報処理装置において、
前記需要推移設定手段は、前記需要電力推移情報を定めるときに、前記複数の電力需要体それぞれの動作スケジュールを設定し、前記複数の電力需要体それぞれに前記動作スケジュールを送信する情報処理装置。 - 請求項10に記載の情報処理装置から前記動作スケジュールを受信し、当該動作スケジュールに従って動作する電力需要体。
- 電力の需要を発生させる複数の電力需要体それぞれについて、動作を開始することができる動作開始可能時刻と、動作が終了すべき時刻のうち最も遅い時刻である動作終了目標時刻とを設定し、
前記複数の電力需要体それぞれについて、動作をすべき時間の長さであり、前記動作開始可能時刻から前記動作終了目標時刻までの時間以下の長さを有する必要動作時間を設定し、
コンピュータが、対象期間における電力供給量の推移を示す推移線の想定形状を示す形状情報を取得し、
前記コンピュータが、前記必要動作時間が得られ、かつ前記複数の電力需要体が動作することによって発生する需要電力量の推移が前記想定形状に沿うように、前記対象期間における前記需要電力量の推移を示す需要電力推移情報を定める情報処理方法。 - 請求項12に記載の情報処理方法において、
前記コンピュータは、
前記必要動作時間、前記動作開始可能時刻、及び前記動作終了目標時刻を用いて、前記複数の電力需要体別に当該電力需要体が動作している時間帯のうち前記対象期間に含まれる時間帯を最も長くした場合における、前記対象期間内の前記需要電力量を最大需要電力量として算出し、かつ、前記複数の電力需要体別に当該電力需要体が動作している時間帯のうち前記対象期間に含まれる時間帯を最も短くした場合における、前記対象期間内の前記需要電力量を最小需要電力量として算出し、
前記最大需要電力量が前記対象期間内で得られるように第1の前記需要電力推移情報を定め、かつ、前記最小需要電力量が前記対象期間内で得られるように第2の前記需要電力推移情報を定める情報処理方法。 - 請求項12又は13に記載の情報処理方法において、
前記形状情報は前記推移線を示す第1関数であり、
前記コンピュータは、前記第1関数に負の第1定数を加えた上で、前記第1関数と前記需要電力推移情報の差分の二乗値の和が最小となるように、前記需要電力推移情報を定める情報処理方法。 - 請求項14に記載の情報処理方法において、
前記コンピュータは、前記第1関数が前記対象期間の全てで0未満となるように前記第1定数を定める情報処理方法。 - 請求項12又は13に記載の情報処理方法において、
前記形状情報は前記推移線を示す第1関数であり、
前記コンピュータは、前記第1関数に第2定数を乗じた関数に前記需要電力量の推移が沿うように、前記需要電力推移情報を定める情報処理方法。 - 請求項16に記載の情報処理方法において、
前記コンピュータは、前記第1関数に係数が負である一次関数を加えた上で、前記第1関数と前記需要電力推移情報の差分の絶対値の和が最小となるように、前記需要電力推移情報を定める情報処理方法。 - 請求項17に記載の情報処理方法において、
前記コンピュータは、前記第2定数を変えつつ、前記第1関数と前記需要電力推移情報の差分の二乗値の和を算出し、当該和が最小となるように前記第2定数を定める情報処理方法。 - 請求項12~18のいずれか一項に記載の情報処理方法において、
前記電力需要体は充電池であり、前記動作は前記充電池の充電動作である情報処理方法。 - 請求項19に記載の情報処理方法において、
前記充電池は電気自動車に搭載されており、
前記コンピュータは、
複数の前記電気自動車それぞれの走行履歴を用いて前記複数の電気自動車それぞれの前記動作開始可能時刻及び前記動作終了目標時刻を設定し、
前記複数の前記電気自動車それぞれの充電履歴を用いて前記複数の電気自動車それぞれの前記必要動作時間を設定する情報処理方法。 - 請求項12~20のいずれか一項に記載の情報処理方法において、
前記コンピュータは、前記需要電力推移情報を定めるときに、前記複数の電力需要体それぞれの動作スケジュールを設定し、前記複数の電力需要体それぞれに前記動作スケジュールを送信する情報処理方法。 - コンピュータに、
電力の需要を発生させる複数の電力需要体それぞれについて、動作を開始することができる動作開始可能時刻と、動作が終了すべき時刻のうち最も遅い時刻である動作終了目標時刻とを設定する機能と、
前記複数の電力需要体それぞれについて、動作をすべき時間の長さであり、前記動作開始可能時刻から前記動作終了目標時刻までの時間以下の長さを有する必要動作時間を設定する機能と、
対象期間における電力供給量の推移を示す推移線の想定形状を示す形状情報を取得する機能と、
前記必要動作時間が得られ、かつ前記複数の電力需要体が動作することによって発生する需要電力量の推移が前記想定形状に沿うように、前記対象期間における前記需要電力量の推移を示す需要電力推移情報を定める機能と、
を実現させるプログラム。 - 請求項22に記載のプログラムにおいて、
前記コンピュータに、
前記必要動作時間、前記動作開始可能時刻、及び前記動作終了目標時刻を用いて、前記複数の電力需要体別に当該電力需要体が動作している時間帯のうち前記対象期間に含まれる時間帯を最も長くした場合における、前記対象期間内の前記需要電力量を最大需要電力量として算出し、かつ、前記複数の電力需要体別に当該電力需要体が動作している時間帯のうち前記対象期間に含まれる時間帯を最も短くした場合における、前記対象期間内の前記需要電力量を最小需要電力量として算出させる機能と、
前記最大需要電力量が前記対象期間内で得られるように第1の前記需要電力推移情報を定め、かつ、前記最小需要電力量が前記対象期間内で得られるように第2の前記需要電力推移情報を定める機能と、
を実現させるプログラム。 - 請求項22又は23に記載のプログラムにおいて、
前記形状情報は前記推移線を示す第1関数であり、
前記コンピュータに、前記第1関数に負の第1定数を加えた上で、前記第1関数と前記需要電力推移情報の差分の二乗値の和が最小となるように、前記需要電力推移情報を定めさせるプログラム。 - 請求項24に記載のプログラムにおいて、
前記コンピュータに、前記第1関数が前記対象期間の全てで0未満となるように前記第1定数を定めさせるプログラム。 - 請求項22又は23に記載のプログラムにおいて、
前記形状情報は前記推移線を示す第1関数であり、
前記コンピュータに、前記第1関数に第2定数を乗じた関数に前記需要電力量の推移が沿うように、前記需要電力推移情報を定めさせるプログラム。 - 請求項26に記載のプログラムにおいて、
前記コンピュータに、前記第1関数に係数が負である一次関数を加えた上で、前記第1関数と前記需要電力推移情報の差分の絶対値の和が最小となるように、前記需要電力推移情報を定めさせるプログラム。 - 請求項27に記載のプログラムにおいて、
前記コンピュータに、前記第2定数を変えつつ、前記第1関数と前記需要電力推移情報の差分の二乗値の和を算出し、当該和が最小となるように前記第2定数を定めさせるプログラム。 - 請求項22~28のいずれか一項に記載のプログラムにおいて、
前記電力需要体は電気自動車に搭載されており、
前記コンピュータに、
複数の前記電気自動車それぞれの走行履歴を用いて前記複数の電気自動車それぞれの前記動作開始可能時刻及び前記動作終了目標時刻を設定する機能と、
前記複数の前記電気自動車それぞれの充電履歴を用いて前記複数の電気自動車それぞれの前記必要動作時間を設定する機能と、
を実現させるプログラム。
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