Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
  • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
  • E21B7/201—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes with helical conveying means
  • E21B7/203—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes with helical conveying means using down-hole drives
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
  • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
  • E21B7/208—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes using down-hole drives

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for laying a pipeline in a borehole and a corresponding method.
• the HDD process is done in three steps. First, a controlled pilot hole is driven from the starting point to the target point of a hole. Then, this pilot hole is widened in a "reverse gear" in one or more steps to such a large diameter that the pipeline intended for laying can then be drawn into the widened borehole in the last work step. from the destination to the starting point. Due to the process, large work surfaces are required both at the start and at the destination.
• the MT method allows the single-phase installation of a pipeline, since a borehole is created at the same time and the pipeline composed of individual pipes is successively laid therein.
• a disadvantage of the MT method is the low range with small pipe diameters. For the relevant diameter range of approx. 100 mm to approx. 500 mm, the achievable bore length for the MT process is only approx. 50 m to approx. 150 m. Among other things, this is due to the fact that the supply of primary energy according to the rules of the art is hydraulic. However, because of the small diameter no hydraulic units can be positioned in the drill head, the pressurized hydraulic oil must be supplied from outside via hose lines. The resulting power losses are immense and thus limit the achievable bore lengths.
• a further disadvantage of the MT method is that the specific type of control of MT drill heads requires at least one seal per control joint. is derlich. Due to their design, these are only designed for pressure ranges up to approx. 3.5 bar. Higher compressive strengths can be achieved only with great effort and then represent a potential starting point for accidents. This restriction can be particularly significant for landings, where the exit points can be 50 m and more below the water level.
• the aim of the present invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the known approaches while maintaining a controlled and controlled installation, and in particular to provide a method and a device for laying a pipeline in a borehole in which large work surfaces are not required both at the start and at the destination are in which the number of operations compared to the HDD method is reduced and its performance over the MT method in the said diameter range is improved.
• a first aspect of the invention relates to a device for laying a pipeline in a borehole, as defined in claim 1.
• a further aspect of the invention relates to a method for laying a pipeline in a borehole, as defined in claim 13.
• 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the device according to the invention in an overview, 1a is a schematic representation of a first detail of the embodiment of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 1 b is a schematic representation of a second detail of the embodiment of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 1 c is a schematic representation of a third detail of the embodiment of FIG. 1,
• 1d is a schematic representation of a fourth detail of the embodiment of FIG. 1,
• Figures 2a-2c are schematic illustrations of aspects of a drilling and laying operation
• Figures 3a-3c are schematic illustrations of a drilling and laying operation of another
• 4b is a schematic detail of the drilling of a modified
• FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method according to the invention.
• Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the device according to the invention in an overview.
• the illustrated embodiment comprises the drill bearing 8 (see Fig. 1 b), which is partially disposed inside a pipe to be laid in the bottom 10 3 and coupled to a drill pipe 6 and connected to a control tube 18.
• the drill pipe 6 is provided with a surveying pipe 16 (see Fig. 1b) as an example of a position determining unit and an angled drilling motor 7 with a drill head 2 (see Fig. 1a) and is by a feed device 5 with a rotary motor 9 (see Fig. 1d ) operated and advanced.
• FIG. 1a shows a schematic illustration of the detail A of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1.
• the working face 19 of the borehole 1 in the ground 10 lies opposite the boring head 2, which is fastened to the angled boring motor 7 and is driven by the boring motor 7.
• the (non-angled) to the longitudinal axis of the drill string 7 parallel part of the drill motor 7 is guided by a centering 20, wherein the drill motor 7 of the control tube 18 is enclosed in such a way that extends at least the foremost part of the drill head 2 from the control tube 18, although it is ensured that the drill motor 7 and the drill head 2 do not strike the control tube 18 during rotation about the longitudinal axis of the drill string 6 ,
• the end of the control tube 18 facing the working face 19 preferably directly adjoins the drill head 2.
• the control tube 18 corresponds to the (in particular outer) diameter of the pipeline 3 to be laid (see FIG. 1 b). However, the control tube may also have a relative to the pipeline in a modification not shown here also have an enlarged in the millimeter or centimeter range outer diameter.
• a control ring 24 is mounted in this embodiment. However, the control ring can also be omitted.
• the control ring 24 has, as exemplified here, each a wedge-shaped front and back and supports the desired direction changes.
• the respective wedge-shaped configuration of front and rear side can preferably be designed so that the control ring 24 has a triangular cross section, in which the base side of the triangle rests on the control tube 18 and the top of the triangle opposite the tip in a range of 60 to 90% the length of the base (starting from the top of the triangle 19 facing the working face) is located.
• the control ring has a cross section which is designed wedge-shaped only on the side facing the working face 19 (eg right triangle), although the wedge-shaped configuration on the front and back is advantageous in that both propulsion as well as a retraction of the control tube 18 wedging at an edge can be avoided.
• the maximum diameter of the control 24 is advantageously no larger than the inner diameter of a borehole resulting in straight propulsion.
• the arrows 29 represent the exit direction of the drilling fluid 12 from the drill head, while the arrows 30 indicate the Abiaufraum the bottom 10 and possibly cuttings loaded drilling fluid 12.
• a plurality of passages 17 are provided in the wall of the control tube 18, which allows drilling fluid 12 to flow through the interior of the control tube 18 and in this way in the head tube 18 got ground or cuttings so that it does not lead to an accumulation of material inside the control tube 18, which would hinder operation of the drilling motor 7 or a rotation of the drilling motor 7 via the drill string.
• control tube 18 is designed as a flexible control tube.
• the head tube comprises or consists of high density polyethylene (HDPE).
• HDPE high density polyethylene
• Crucial for the flexible head tube in this embodiment is that it is flexurally flexible and can accept the angling of the angled bore motor 7.
• rigid, articulated pieces can be used as the control tube 18.
• Directional drilling is possible with a flexible control tube 18, as will be described with reference to Figs. 3a-3c.
• control tube 18 approximately abuts the drill head 2.
• the flexible control tube 18 follows in this case the direction and thus the angle of the angled drilling motor 7.
• the control tube 18 on the drill head 2 and / or on the drill bearing 8 and / or any number of times over the length of Control tube 18 may be mounted on the drill motor 7.
• the control tube 18 is free and independent of rotation of the drill string 6 and / or the drill motor 7 movable.
• the control tube 18 may also be fixedly connected to the drill head 2. For a rotation of the control tube 18 together with the drill head 2 is possible.
• control tube 18 can also be firmly connected to the drill bearing 8, whereby rotation of the control tube 18 is only possible together with the drill bearing 8.
• control tube 18 can not be firmly connected to both the drill head 2 and the drill bearing 8, as this would prevent the operation of the entire system.
• the drill head which is adjoined by the control tube, preferably has an outer diameter that is greater in the millimeter or centimeter range than the outer diameter of the control tube.
• the control tube again has an outer diameter, which is also increased in the millimeter or centimeter range in relation to the outer diameter of the pipeline.
• All bearings of the flexible control tube 18 may be provided as a sealed bearing. This can be prevented that drilling fluid 12 and / or cuttings in the Head tube 18 penetrate.
• the control tube 18 is not flooded in this case, that is filled with air, it has a significantly lower weight.
• the ability to drill upwards is hereby improved because such a control tube 18 offers increased buoyancy over its environment filled with drilling fluid 12. It is therefore possible in this embodiment, an easier drilling in the direction of overground.
• the control tube 18 on no passages 17.
• the nozzle for discharging the drilling fluid 12 from the drill head is configured such that drilling fluid 12 does not exit the drill head in the direction of the working face 19 according to the arrows 29, but is additionally guided in the other direction into the interior of the control tube 18 becomes.
• the removal of material from the interior of the control tube 18 is further optimized, so that the operation of the drilling motor 7 is not hindered.
• FIG. 1 b shows a schematic illustration of the detail B of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1.
• the inner part of the Bohrlagers 8 (see Fig. 3a, 3b) is connected to the Verresssrohr 16.
• a measuring probe 13 which transmits measured values with respect to a position of the surveying tube 16 (and thus ultimately with respect to the drilling motor 7 and the drill head 2) via cable 14 to the surface, is arranged in the surveying tube 16.
• the surveying pipe 16 in turn is fixedly connected to the angled drilling motor 7 (see FIG. 1 a), so that the coincidence of the position of the surveying pipe 16 and the drilling motor 7 results.
• the surveying tube is also centered in the control tube 18 by means of a centering 20.
• the control tube 18 is connected to the non-rotating, outer part of the Bohrlagers 8 at its side facing the working face.
• On the opposite side of the working face of the inner part of the Bohrlagers 8 is connected to the drill pipe 6, while the outer part of the Bohrlagers on the side facing away from the working face is connected to a first single pipe 4 to be laid pipe 3.
• the drill bearing 8 is characterized in that it forwards the feed forces and torques introduced by the drill pipe 6 to the surveying pipe 16 (and thus to the components connected to the surveying pipe 16) to the control pipe 18 and the pipe 3 but only axial forces (forces acting in the longitudinal direction of the drill pipe) and no torque transfers.
• the measuring probe 13 arranged in the measuring tube 16 in this exemplary embodiment is a measuring probe based on the gyrocompass principle, which additionally has accelerometers and an electrical solder.
• a direction (azimuth) as well as inclination (inclination) of the surveying tube as well as the position of the buckling piece of the angled drilling motor 7 (which is relevant to the drilling direction (see FIGS. 2a-2c)) can be determined. All measured values are transmitted via a cable 14 that leads in the interior of the drill pipe 6 to the surface.
• a wired signal line may also be used, as long as the circumstances of the drilling and laying operation allow such alternatives.
• the measuring probe 13 can not be arranged in the surveying pipe 16, ie on the face side of the drilling bearing 8, but on the opposite side of the drilling bearing, ie in the first single pipe 4.
• a measuring probe 13 on both sides the Bohrlager 8 be arranged, or at any other position.
• a nozzle can additionally be provided on the face side of the drilling journal 8, which feeds the drilling fluid 12 in the direction of the working face 19 starting from the surroundings of the drilling bearing 8.
• FIG. 1 c shows a schematic illustration of the detail C of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
• the drill string 6 extends through the pipeline 3 and is guided through a centering 20 in the interior of the pipeline 3.
• the diameter of the working face 19 is greater than the outer diameter of the pipe 3, so that between the ground 10 around the borehole and the pipe 3 results in an annular space 1 1, through which in particular bored with bored material drilling fluid 12 can flow.
• the centering 20 is here provided with inner rollers 22, which allow relative rotation of the drill pipe 6 and centering 20, without appreciable torques being involved or being transmitted.
• the axes of the inner rollers 22 extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drill string 6.
• the centering also has outer rollers 21 whose axes in the illustration shown extend perpendicular to the plane, so that a substantially free displacement of the centering 20 relative to the pipe 3 in the direction of the drill string 6 results.
• retaining rings 31 are provided in front of and behind the centering on the drill pipe 6.
• At least one element (or partial element) of which the drill string is composed can be designed in the form of a screw tube and / or at least one centering can be configured in the form of a screw conveyor, wherein these conveying means are designed in this way in that, as the drill pipe rotates during drilling, there is a pumping action for drilling fluid (which is loaded with soil or cuttings) in the area between pipeline and drill pipe in the direction of overground.
• FIG. 1 d shows a schematic illustration of the detail D of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1.
• the pipe itself is composed of individual tubes 4, which are successively introduced into the borehole 1.
• the respective last individual pipe 4 of the pipeline 3 is connected to the feeding device 5 in a pressure-resistant manner (possibly also with a tensile strength and / or torsion-proof) via a connecting device 15 which is adjustable in length.
• feed forces can be applied directly from the feed device 5 to the pipe 3. This can be useful, for example, if the friction in the borehole is very large and requires additional feed forces.
• the "normal" feed forces for the drilling and laying operation are transferred from the feed device 5 via the drill pipe 6 to the drill bearing 8.
• the drilling bearing 8 directs the pressure forces introduced by the drill pipe 6 as pressure forces onto the surveying pipe 16, the angled pipe Drill motor 7 and the drill head 2 and on the control tube 18 and in the form of tensile forces on the pipe 3 on.
• the drill string 6 is connected to the rotary motor 9 of the feed device 5.
• rotary motor 9 drill pipe 6, surveying pipe 16, angled drilling motor 7 and drill head 2 are also rotated (continuously).
• the drill head 2 is additionally rotated in the form of a superimposed rotational movement. With simultaneous feed of the drill set a straight hole 1 is created in this way (see Fig. 2b).
• the rotation of the drilling motor 7 with the drill head is illustrated by the dashed representation in another angular direction.
• drill pipe 6, surveying pipe 16, angled drilling motor 7 and boring head 2 are rotated by the rotary motor 9 of the feed device 5 into a specific position detectable by the measuring probe 13, a curved borehole along the respective orientation of the elbow is removed in the course of the drilling operation. Angled drilling motor 7 created, but then the drill pipe 6 is no longer rotated and only the drill motor 7 drives the drill head 2.
• Drilling fluid 12 used for the drilling process is pumped to the drill head 2 by the advancing device 5, the drill pipe 6, the drill bearing 8, the surveying pipe 16 and the angled drilling motor 7. There, the drilling fluid 12 enters the wellbore 1 (see arrows 29 in FIG. 1 a) and mixes with the soil 10 or cuttings loosened by the drill head 2. The drilling fluid mixed with soil 10 and / or cuttings then flows through annular space 11 between pipeline 3 and borehole 1 to above ground (see arrows 30).
• the centering 20 is formed with a seal 25, so that the drilling fluid 12 is prevented from penetrating into the interior between the drill motor 7 and control tube 18 or drill pipe 6 and pipe 3.
• An advantage of this design is that then, for example, air-filled Interior between the drill motor 7 and control tube 18 or drill pipe 6 and pipe 3 acts as a buoyant body against the filled with drilling fluid 12 annulus 1 1 and thereby the normal forces in the borehole 1 are significantly reduced. This in turn can result in significantly lower feed forces, so that such an approach is recommended, for example, especially in soft soils.
• the drilling fluid 12 which is mixed with the bottom 10 and, if appropriate, cuttings, additionally flows through the interior of the pipeline 3 to above ground.
• the centerings 20 and the drill bearing 8 are to be formed with corresponding passages. It is to be regarded as advantageous in this design that the pressure in the annular space 1 1 is thereby reduced and thus bursts of the drilling fluid 12 towards the surface of the day (“blower”) can be better avoided.
• a corresponding borehole bearing is provided in the area of the advancing device, more precisely between the respectively last single pipe and the connecting device, so that a compressive force is also transmitted via this borehole from the drill pipe to the pipeline can be initiated.
• Figures 2a-2c show schematic illustrations of aspects of a drilling and laying operation, in particular direction control of the drilling and laying operation.
• FIG. 2a shows how a downhole curved section in this example is created following a straight borehole section.
• the working direction of the boring head 2 is fixed in a specific position as described above.
• the drill head 2 continues to rotate about its axis by the drill motor 7
• a curved wellbore 1 is now created.
• FIG. 2b shows how the drilling and laying process takes place in a planned straight borehole section.
• the drill head 2 is not only rotated about its own axis, but also by rotation of the (not shown) drill pipe 6 with the associated components in addition to the axis of the drill pipe 6 and the Pipe 3.
• the working direction of the drill head 2 is permanently changed, whereby in the end a straight borehole section is created.
• Fig. 2c is basically the same process as shown in Fig. 2a, but the borehole 1 is here executed with a downward curvature.
• 3a-3c show schematic illustrations of aspects of a drilling and laying operation, in particular the direction control of the drilling and laying operation according to the embodiment with flexible head tube 18th
• FIG. 3 a it can be seen in FIG. 3 a that the control tube 18 bears against the drill head 2 or is connected thereto.
• This connection can be fixed, such that the control tube 18 rotates together with the drill head 2, or be stored, such that the drill head 2 can rotate independently of the control tube 18.
• the direction of the drill head 2 is fixed in one direction, in this case upwards, thereby allowing directional drilling, in this case in the direction of overground. Accordingly, the borehole 1 in this case has a curvature upwards.
• Fig. 3c is basically the same process as shown in Fig. 2a, but the borehole 1 is here, analogous to Fig. 2c, executed with a downward curvature.
• the device has a centering 20. It should be noted that the centering 20 may only connect the drill motor 7 firmly to the control tube 18 when the control tube 18 is mounted on the drill head 2, since otherwise independent of the drilling gear rotation of the drill head 2 is prevented. In the case where the Bohrköpf 2 is firmly connected to the control tube 18, the centering 20 must be used as a bearing be educated. In a further embodiment, the device has no centering 20, in yet another embodiment, two or more centerings 20 are provided.
• FIG. 4 a shows a schematic detail of the drilling journal of an exemplary embodiment
• FIG. 4 b shows a schematic detail of the drilling journal of a modified exemplary embodiment.
• the outer part of the drilling bearing 8 is here connected by means of screw 27 (eg grub screws) with the control tube 18 and the first single tube 4 of the pipe 3.
• screw 27 eg grub screws
• Alternative types of connection - for example by means of welded joints - are possible, but may have as in the case of welding disadvantages of heat on the drill bearing 8 during assembly and / or a more difficult disassembly compared to screw 27.
• a purely positive connection can be achieved, for example by undercuts.
• Fig. 4b the use of Aufdoppelache 26 is shown. These doublings 26 make it possible to use a drilling journal 8 for different diameters of control tubes 18 and pipelines 3.
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic flow diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention in the case where a drilling bearing is provided between the drill motor and the drill pipe.
• a drill string is coupled to a drill bit with a drill motor angled or angled relative to the longitudinal axis of the drill string, which coupling is an indirect coupling, by coupling the drill motor to a drill bearing and coupling the drill bearing to the drill string Forwarding of a torque and a compressive force and possibly a tensile force is created.
• the drill pipe can be coupled to the drill motor without any intermediate connection, in which case the drill bearing is provided on the side of the drill pipe in the direction of a feed device. It is also possible to combine both alternatives.
• a control tube which encloses the drill motor with the drill head, wherein the drill head extends in operation in the direction of the working face of the head tube.
• the drill bearing is connected to the pipeline to be laid and the head tube.
• the control tube is connected to the local side of the Bohrlagers this, wherein the pipeline (more precisely, the first single pipe to be assembled and laid pipeline) with is connected to the drill bearing on the opposite side.
• the pipeline more precisely, the first single pipe to be assembled and laid pipeline
• Other versions are also possible.
• a "direct coupling" of the drill motor and drill pipe does not preclude the provision of a surveying pipe (as discussed above) between the drill motor and drill pipe, similarly, in the case of "indirect coupling", the drill motor may be provided with a surveying pipe.
• a surveying pipe as discussed or another position determining unit is provided on the drilling motor.
• the method includes rotating the drill string to rotate the drill motor with the drill head and rotate the drill bit about its longitudinal axis with the drill motor independent of rotation of the drill string.
• the method includes rotating the drill string until a position determining unit of the drilling motor indicates a position at which the drilling motor is angled or angled in the direction of the curvature, and at step 106 rotating the drill head about its longitudinal axis with the angled drill motor.
• a pressure force acting in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the drill pipe is exerted on the drill bearing by the drill pipe as a tensile and / or tensile force acting through the drill bearing as a tensile force acting in a longitudinal direction of the pipeline. or compressive force on the pipeline and as a force acting in the longitudinal direction of the control tube pressure force is passed.
• steps 101, 102 and 103 may also be varied.
• An implementation of the invention provides a method for laying a pipeline in a borehole, wherein the borehole 1 is created by a controllable boring head 2 and the boring head 2 has a larger diameter than the pipeline 3 and the respective position of the boring head 2 in the ground 10 a measuring probe 13 arranged in a measuring tube 16 and transmitted to the surface via at least one cable 14, the boring process for producing the borehole 1 and the laying process for laying the pipeline 3 in the borehole 1 take place simultaneously, the pipeline 3 during boring - And laying process is successively composed of individual tubes 4, which required for the drilling and laying process Feed force is generated by a feed device 5 and transmitted via a drill pipe 6 to a drill bearing 8 and the drill bearing 8 both via the Verniersrohr 16 and the angled drill motor 7 on the drill head 2 and on the control tube 18 and the pipe 3, for the drilling process required torque is generated by the angled drill motor 7 and transmitted to the drill head 2, the control of the drill head 2 is made via a rotary motor 9 located on the feed device 5 and the rotational
• the drill head 7 be transferred to the drill head 2, the required drilling fluid for the drilling 12 through the drill pipe 6 and the drill motor 7 is pumped to the drill head 2 and the dissolved during the drilling process of the drill head 2 bottom 10 hydraulically from the drilling fluid 12 through the annulus 1 1 the borehole 1 is conveyed, wherein, n After the drill head 2 has reached the target point 17, the drill bearing 8, the control tube 18, the surveying tube 16, the angled drill motor 7 and the drill head 2 are separated from the pipeline 3 and the drill string 6 is pulled out of the pipeline 3 by the advancing device 5 ,

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Earth Drilling (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-09-28 DE DE102012217822.8A patent/DE102012217822A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2013
  • 2013-08-06 EP EP13747378.1A patent/EP2900895B1/de active Active
  • 2013-08-06 WO PCT/EP2013/066508 patent/WO2014048627A2/de active Application Filing
  • 2013-08-06 DK DK13747378.1T patent/DK2900895T3/da active

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