WO2014047758A1 - 无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置 - Google Patents

无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014047758A1
WO2014047758A1 PCT/CN2012/001709 CN2012001709W WO2014047758A1 WO 2014047758 A1 WO2014047758 A1 WO 2014047758A1 CN 2012001709 W CN2012001709 W CN 2012001709W WO 2014047758 A1 WO2014047758 A1 WO 2014047758A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arc
grounding
gas generating
arc extinguishing
lightning
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/001709
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王巨丰
王嬿蕾
李世民
闫仁宝
吴焰龙
王云龙
Original Assignee
Wang Jufeng
Wang Yanlei
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wang Jufeng, Wang Yanlei filed Critical Wang Jufeng
Priority to JP2015521924A priority Critical patent/JP6018305B2/ja
Priority to EP12885865.1A priority patent/EP2903008B1/en
Priority to AU2012390982A priority patent/AU2012390982B2/en
Priority to US14/419,396 priority patent/US9800022B2/en
Publication of WO2014047758A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014047758A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/02—Means for extinguishing arc
    • H01T1/08—Means for extinguishing arc using flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01T1/10—Means for extinguishing arc using flow of arc-extinguishing fluid with extinguishing fluid evolved from solid material by heat of arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/02—Means for extinguishing arc
    • H01T1/08—Means for extinguishing arc using flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/10—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel
    • H01T4/14—Arcing horns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas arc-extinguishing lightning protection device, in particular to a non-freewheeling arc lightning protection gap protection device.
  • Lightning protection of transmission lines has always been an important part of lightning protection work in the power sector. Lightning failure is still one of the important factors affecting the safety of power grids.
  • the impact flashover caused by lightning strikes on the transmission line causes the line insulator to flash, which in turn causes a large power frequency freewheeling, damage to the insulator string and the hardware, resulting in line accidents.
  • the traditional "blocking" lightning protection method cannot solve the lightning strike problem fundamentally because of its limitations. Therefore, the power sector generally adopts a parallel protection gap or a line arrester on the transmission line to realize the protection line.
  • the parallel protection gap and the line arrester have obvious defects as follows:
  • the parallel protection gap is preferentially broken down due to the overvoltage caused by the lightning strike, and the lightning current is discharged into the earth, thereby protecting the transmission line and the electrical equipment.
  • the parallel protection gap has no arc extinguishing capability, the power frequency freewheeling caused by the insulator string flashover cannot be extinguished, and the arc burns for a long time between the protection gaps, which will cause damage to the insulator string.
  • the transmission line may be broken.
  • the arc will cause ablation of the electrode and reduce its protective performance.
  • relying on circuit breakers to extinguish the arc to protect the transmission lines and equipment is a sacrifice of "tripping rate” and "power supply reliability" in exchange for "low accident rate”.
  • the line arrester is expensive, has high use and maintenance cost, has large leakage current, short service life and frequent replacement, and the zinc oxide module used for the line arrester has obvious skin effect under lightning impact, and is easy to explode under high current. Long-term failure of the line is not conducive to economic, safe and stable operation of the power grid.
  • 2011201046273 discloses a 10 ⁇ 35kV overhead transmission line constrained space injection gas arc-extinguishing lightning protection gap device suitable for 10 ⁇ 35kV overhead transmission lines.
  • the device is installed in parallel on both ends of the line insulator string to protect the flashover between the gaps.
  • the voltage is less than the protected insulator string, so that the lightning strike of the transmission line takes precedence over the breakdown of the protected insulator string.
  • the lightning pulse collection device automatically senses the lightning current signal and triggers the idle injection gas generating device to instantaneously generate high-speed injection.
  • the airflow strongly impacts in the longitudinal direction of the freewheeling arc in the space, cooling to extinction.
  • 2011200053246 discloses a confined space jet airflow arc-extinguishing lightning protection gap device for each voltage-level transmission line, which is installed in parallel at both ends of the line insulator string, and the flashover voltage between the protection gaps is less than that protected.
  • the insulator string is used to preferentially break down the protected insulator string when the transmission line is struck by lightning.
  • the gas generating material inside the confined space is heated by the high temperature arc to generate high-pressure gas, and the lightning pulse collecting device automatically collects the signal and
  • the injection gas generating device is activated to instantaneously generate a high-speed airflow that impacts the arc in the longitudinal direction and cools to extinguish.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an overhead transmission line suitable for various voltage levels, capable of actively weakening the arc current, preventing wire breakage and gap electrode from being subjected to arc cauterization damage, and facilitating replacement of the arc extinguishing device.
  • the non-freewheeling arc lightning protection device for reducing the lightning trip rate and accident rate of power transmission lines, improving the stability of power systems, and prolonging the service life of transformers, circuit breakers and other power equipment.
  • a non-freewheeling arc lightning protection gap protection device comprising a grounding side arc extinguishing device, a grounding side fitting and a wire side respectively mounted on both ends of the line insulator string by a fixing device
  • the grounding side arc extinguishing device is installed at one end of the grounding side fitting;
  • the grounding side arc extinguishing device comprises a lightning pulse collecting device, an insulating sealing shell, a gas generating device and an arc extinguishing chamber, and the gas generating device is placed in an insulating seal
  • the ground-side arc extinguishing device further includes a tubular grounding electrode made of a non-metallic conductive material, the tubular grounding electrode has one end embedded in the arc extinguishing cavity, and the other end is connected to the insulating sealing shell;
  • the other end of the grounding side fitting is provided with a connecting thin tube;
  • the grounding side arc extinguishing device is further provided with an L-shaped grounding pole made of a non-metallic conductive material, one end of the L-shaped grounding pole is connected with the Z-shaped connecting fitting, and the other end of the L-shaped grounding pole is passed through the lightning pulse collecting device. And connected to the tubular grounding pole.
  • the Z-shaped connecting fittings are used for inlay connection, which realizes easy replacement of the arc extinguishing device.
  • the device uses a tubular grounding electrode of a non-metallic conductive material as one end of the lightning arc, so that after the lightning breakdown, the cylindrical arc can actively diverge and flash to the tubular grounding electrode, so that the high temperature arc column of the arc passes through the non-metal
  • the tubular grounding electrode of the conductive material disappears, the temperature of the arc can be effectively reduced; the cold cathode material used for the tubular grounding electrode of the non-metallic conductive material can effectively reduce the ionization degree of the flashing point and significantly weaken the arc. effect.
  • the lightning pulse collecting device is a device that can collect the lightning pulse signal, and can collect the lightning pulse signal passing through the L-shaped grounding pole when a lightning strike occurs.
  • tubular earthing poles and L-shaped grounding poles made of non-metallic conductive materials they can be integrally cast or two separate parts.
  • the shape of the non-metallic conductive material L-shaped grounding pole is L-shaped, which is even more Easy to use non-metallic conductive material L-shaped grounding electrode and non-metallic conductive material tube The grounding is in close contact.
  • connection mode of the L-shaped grounding pole and the Z-shaped connecting fitting can be fixed by bolts, that is, one end of the Z-shaped connecting fitting is provided with a through hole, one end of the L-shaped grounding pole is cast, and a connecting thread is provided therein, and the bolt passes through the Z shape.
  • the through hole of the connecting fitting is connected with the L-shaped grounding pole, so that the Z-shaped connecting fitting can be fixedly connected with the L-shaped grounding pole simply and quickly.
  • the gas generating device comprises an arc extinguishing gas pill and a gas ball insulating base; a trigger electrode and a short circuit ring are arranged on the arc extinguishing gas ball; and the gas ball insulating base is provided with a fixed electrode at a position corresponding to the trigger electrode; The fixed electrode is connected to the electrode of the lightning pulse collecting device.
  • the arc-extinguishing gas pill can be inserted into the gas-insulated insulating base through the rubber ring of the set, so that the arc-extinguishing gas pill can be fixed and installed in the gas-insulated insulating base without falling off.
  • a plurality of arc-extinguishing gas bombs composed of corresponding arc extinguishing gas balls and gas-insulated insulating bases may be placed, and the specific quantity depends on the production conditions of the products.
  • the arc extinguishing gas pellet comprises an electrothermal conversion device and a solid gas generating material device; the electrothermal converting device converts the electric pulse transmitted by the lightning pulse collecting device into heat energy; the solid gas generating material device generates a large amount of gas under high temperature and high pressure conditions.
  • the gas generating device of the grounding side arc extinguishing device is arranged in an axial direction in the insulating sealing case and each of the gas generating devices is internally provided with an embedded iron piece; the insulating sealing case of the grounding side arc extinguishing device is provided Strong magnet and switching metal piece; when a lightning strike occurs on the transmission line, the first gas generating device starts to extinguish the arc, and then automatically leaves the grounding side arc extinguishing device, and the second gas generating device falls to the position of the previous first gas generating device, The third gas generating device falls to the position of the previous second gas generating device, the embedded iron piece of the second gas generating device is attracted to the strong magnet, and the trigger electrode of the second gas generating device and the electrode of the lightning pulse collecting device are reliably formed.
  • the strong magnet is coupled to the gas generating device to embed the iron piece, which can enhance the close contact between the trigger electrode of the gas generating device and the electrode of the lightning pulse collecting device.
  • the function of switching the metal piece is mainly to support the gas generating device when the gas generating device is not activated, to prevent the gas generating device from falling and falling off; when the gas generating device is started, the force imbalance of the switching metal piece is changed, the gas The device can be dropped to the appropriate location.
  • the insulating sealing case is provided with a card slot for counteracting the recoil force generated when the gas generating device is activated.
  • the card slot not only can offset the recoil force generated when the gas generating device is started, but also can cause the gas generating device to fall downward and get out of the grounding side arc extinguishing device, so that the next gas generating device can smoothly enter the position and state of the preparation action. Complete automatic replacement of the gas generating device.
  • the position of the card slot can be set according to the outer shape of the gas generating device, as long as it can counteract the effect of the rear seat force.
  • a card slot is provided behind the gas generating device, if in the middle or the front end of the outer casing of the gas generating device With a bump, a card slot can be provided at a position corresponding to the bump of the insulating sealing case.
  • the ground-side arc extinguishing device has more than one gas generating device built therein, and the front end of the gas generating device has a corresponding digital mark. In this way, the number of actions corresponding to the device can be observed, and the remaining gas emitter can be observed under the tower. The number is convenient for timely replacement of the device.
  • the arc-extinguishing chamber has a built-in metal arc ring at the air outlet; the outer arc of the arc extinguishing chamber is provided with an outer corrugation.
  • the built-in metal arc ring can introduce almost 100% of the arc into the arc chamber, attracting arc and equalizing function.
  • the outer corrugation increases the creepage distance and further reduces the probability of false breakdown.
  • the grounding side fitting and/or the wire side fitting and the line insulator string are connected by a double nut structure.
  • the double nut structure connection ensures that the fittings are securely connected to the line insulator strings without looseness and has a double "safe" effect, ie when the outer nuts are used too long or because of the connections on the line insulator strings
  • the nut and the line insulator string can be reinforced by the inner nut.
  • the side of the ground side metal fitting and/or the wire side fitting of the wire side contact with the line insulator string is provided with a bump.
  • the bumps can also be used to firmly connect the grounding side fittings and/or the wire side fittings to the line insulator strings, which are less prone to loosening and slippage. It is used to prevent the gap from widening due to climate change or aging deformation of the fitting during use of the protective gap, thereby losing the desired effect.
  • the size of the bumps can be designed to different sizes depending on the size of the insulator string and the size of the clip.
  • the grounding side metal fitting is provided with a gas generating material tube which is disposed on the outer surface of the grounding side metal fitting; the gas generating material tube has a built-in arc extinguishing gap and a gas jet hole.
  • a gas-injecting opening of the arc extinguishing chamber is provided with a built-in metal arc ring; the outer side of the arc extinguishing cavity is provided with an outer corrugation; and the tubular grounding electrode and the wire side metal fitting form a protective gap.
  • the non-metallic conductive material used in the present invention is generally graphite.
  • the arc-extinguishing gas injection direction of the device is opposite to the center of the arc column which has not disappeared, so that the high-speed arc extinguishing gas can strongly act on the center of the arc arc column from the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction to make the arc center bloom.
  • the longitudinal gas can keep the arc away from the tubular grounding electrode of the non-metallic conductive material, so that the insulation distance can be rapidly expanded; the residual arc ion can be extinguished laterally; the arc extinguishing gas jet sprays the high-speed gas, and after the arc is driven away from the arc extinguishing cavity, the arc can be extinguished.
  • the cavity forms a temporary vacuum state, and the dielectric strength of the vacuum is much greater than the dielectric strength of the air. The combined result is to prevent re-ignition of the arc arc and successfully increase the interaction area and efficiency of the arc extinguishing gas and the arc.
  • the device also utilizes a passive arc extinguishing gap structure, the gas generating material tube of the passive arc extinguishing gap is made of a material capable of generating an electronegative gas under high temperature and high pressure conditions.
  • the passive clearance plays a role of partial pressure when the ammunition of the arc extinguishing device is sufficient, and reduces the breakdown recovery voltage of the main gap; the passive gap is in the case where the arc extinguishing device is capable of self-extinguishing, and the gas is generated.
  • the cauterization produces an electronegative gas that drives the arc ion out of the arc channel through the gas jet hole, which reduces the number of arc ions in the arc channel, reduces the arc temperature and increases the heat dissipation coefficient of the arc space, thereby passively cutting the arc Broken; and the number of fumaroles can be increased.
  • a water-repellent skirt can also be disposed on the outer side of the insulating sealing case and the arc extinguishing chamber, so that the flashover along the surface of the insulating case can be effectively prevented from occurring in rainy weather.
  • the invention is directed to a large number of exploratory experiments carried out on the actual situation of overhead transmission lines in the Duole area of China, and designs a suspension insulator string (porcelain, glass) and tensile insulators for overhead transmission lines of various voltage levels.
  • the string has no freewheeling arc lightning protection gap protection device. When the lightning strike is struck on the transmission line, the device not only has priority over the broken breakdown of the protected insulator string, but also has a strong weakening large arc and a strong air circulation active air arc extinguishing function.
  • the tubular electrode can make the arc column with the highest temperature disappear, and the gas of the gas acts on the arc column, which greatly improves the interaction efficiency between the gas and the arc, and achieves rapid elimination of lightning strikes.
  • the purpose of grounding or short-circuit fault, and the arc-extinguishing time is less than the relay protection action time, thus effectively ensuring the reliability of the power supply.
  • the invention Compared with the existing parallel gap and line arrester, the invention has obvious advantages, no freewheeling when the line is in normal operation, and can be quickly started when a lightning strike voltage is generated, "lighting out” the lightning current while reliably extinguishing the arc, and being able to transmit electricity.
  • the gas generating device can be replaced by the power; the arc material lasts for a short time, the electrode material Basically no ablation, stable operation for a long time.
  • Non-metallic conductive material The tubular grounding electrode can be made of a non-metallic conductive material (such as conductive materials such as C element and Si element), which has a cold cathode effect and can suppress the energy of the arc to facilitate extinction. Of course, it can also be made directly from metal conductive materials.
  • the non-metallic conductive material of the non-metallic conductive material is used as one end of the flashing arc, so that the cylindrical arc can be automatically dissipated to the tubular electrode after the lightning breakdown, so that the arc of the arc passes through the non-metallic conductive material.
  • the tubular grounding electrode disappears, the arc temperature and ionization degree can be effectively reduced, and the arc extinguishing gas ball can be strongly applied from the longitudinal and lateral directions to the center of the arc column that has not disappeared, so that the arc center is blooming, and the arc extinguishing gas is successfully increased. Area and efficiency of interaction with the arc.
  • the device also utilizes a passive arc chute structure, which is made of a material that can generate electrical gases under high temperature and high pressure conditions.
  • the passive clearance plays a role of partial pressure when the ammunition of the arc extinguishing device is sufficient, and reduces the breakdown recovery voltage of the main gap; the passive gap is in the case where the arc extinguishing device is capable of self-extinguishing, and the gas is generated.
  • the cauterization generates an electronegative gas to drive the arc ions out of the arc channel through the gas jet hole, which reduces the number of arc ions in the arc channel, reduces the arc temperature and increases the heat dissipation coefficient of the arc space, thereby passively cutting the arc; And the number of jet holes can be increased. In this way, the protective gap electrode is not easily damaged by the short-time burning of the arc. Moreover, because the arc is successfully extinguished, there is no phenomenon that the wire is blown by the arc.
  • the gas generator in the device has a digital mark, which can observe the number of remaining gas emitters under the tower, which is convenient for timely Replace and repair the unit.
  • connection relationship between the arc extinguishing device and the fitting is improved, which facilitates the simple replacement of the arc extinguishing cylinder and improves the switching efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a gas generating device in the grounding side arc extinguishing device of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a gas generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a passive arc chute structure fitting used in the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the double nut connecting structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a filled model block in the present invention.
  • LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS line insulator string 1, ground side fitting 2, connecting thin tube 3, Z-shaped connecting fitting 4, insulating sealing housing 5, gas generating device 6, first gas generating device 6-1, second gas generating device 6-2, third gas generating device 6-3, tubular grounding pole 7, outer corrugation 8, built-in metal arcing ring 9, arc extinguishing chamber 10, lightning pulse collecting device 11, L-shaped grounding pole 12, wire side fitting 13, embedded iron piece 14, strong magnet 15, switching metal piece 16, fixed electrode 17, trigger electrode 18, solid gas generating material device 19, gas ball insulating base 20, electric heating device 21, short circuit ring 22, gas production Material tube 23, passive arc extinguishing gap 24, air vent 25, nut 26, card slot 27, model block 28.
  • a non-freewheeling arc lightning protection device includes a grounding side arc extinguishing device, a grounding side fitting 2 and a wire side fitting 13 respectively mounted on the two ends of the line insulator string 1 by a fixing device;
  • the side arc extinguishing device is installed at one end of the grounding side metal fitting 2;
  • the grounding side arc extinguishing device comprises a lightning pulse collecting device 11, an insulating sealing shell 5, a gas generating device 6 and an arc extinguishing chamber 10, and the gas generating device 6 is placed in insulation
  • the grounding side arc extinguishing device further includes a tubular grounding pole 7 made of a non-metallic conductive material, the tubular grounding pole 7-end is embedded in the arc extinguishing cavity 10, and the other end is insulated and sealed.
  • the other end of the grounding side metal fitting 2 is provided with a connecting thin tube 3; the grounding side arc extinguishing device is inlaid and connected with the connecting thin tube 3 on the grounding side fitting 2 through a Z-shaped connecting fitting 4, Z
  • the other end of the connecting fitting 4 is connected to the tubular grounding pole 7 by a connecting line passing through the lightning pulse collecting device 11.
  • the grounding side arc extinguishing device is further provided with an L-shaped grounding pole 12 made of a non-metallic conductive material, and one end of the L-shaped grounding pole 12 is connected with the Z-shaped connecting fitting 4, L The other end of the grounding pole 12 It passes through the lightning pulse collecting device 11 and is connected to the tubular grounding pole 7.
  • each of the gas generating devices 6 is provided with four arc extinguishing gas bombs, each of which includes an arc extinguishing gas ball and a gas ball insulating base 20; and a trigger is provided on the arc extinguishing gas ball.
  • the electrode 18 and the short circuit ring 22; the air ball insulating base 20 is provided with a fixed electrode 17 at a position corresponding to the trigger electrode 18, and the fixed electrode 17 is connected to the electrode of the lightning pulse collecting device 11;
  • the arc extinguishing gas ball includes the electric heat converting device 21 And a solid gas generating material device 19;
  • the electrothermal converting device 21 converts the electric pulse transmitted by the lightning pulse collecting device U into heat energy;
  • the solid gas generating material device 19 generates a large amount of gas under high temperature and high pressure conditions; the front end of the gas generating device 6 has a digital mark.
  • the gas generating device 6 of the grounding side arc extinguishing device is vertically stacked in the insulating sealing case 5 and each of the gas generating devices 6 is internally provided with an inlaid iron piece 14;
  • the insulating sealing housing 5 of the grounding side arc extinguishing device is provided with a strong magnet 15 and a switching metal piece 16; when a lightning strike occurs on the transmission line, the first gas generating device 6-1 starts to perform arc extinguishing, and then automatically decouples from the ground side arc extinguishing
  • the embedded iron piece 14 of the device 6-2 is attracted to the strong magnet 15, and the trigger electrode 17 of the second gas generating device 6-2 is reliably connected to the electrodes of the lightning pulse collecting device 11, and a lightning strike and arc extinguish
  • the insulating sealing housing 5 at the upper left corner of the position of the first gas generating device is provided with a right angle slot 27 for counteracting the recoil force generated when the gas generating device is activated, causing the gas generating device to fall downward and out of the ground.
  • the side arc extinguishing device allows the next gas generating device to smoothly enter the position and state of the preparation operation, and completes the automatic replacement of the gas generating device.
  • the arc-extinguishing chamber 10 is provided with a built-in metal arc ring 9 at the air outlet; the outer corrugation 8 is provided outside the arc extinguishing chamber 10; the grounding side fitting 2 and the line insulator string 1 are connected by a double nut 26 structure ( As shown in FIG. 5); the non-metallic conductive material tubular grounding pole 7 and the wire side metal fitting 13 constitute a protective gap.
  • the non-freewheeling arc lightning protection gap protection device has obvious advantages over the existing parallel gap and line lightning arrester.
  • the line When the line is in normal operation, there is no freewheeling, and when the lightning strike voltage is generated, the lightning current can be quickly started, and the "lighting" of the lightning current is simultaneously Reliable arc extinguishing, and the arc can be extinguished before the relay protection action of the transmission line, thereby avoiding line tripping, thereby effectively protecting the power equipment and improving the reliability of the power supply; and the operation can be repeated, the gas generating device can be replaced by the power;
  • the duration of the arc is extremely short, the electrode material is essentially free of ablation, and it can operate stably for a long time.
  • connection manner of the wire side metal fittings 13 and the line insulator substring 1 adopts a double nut 26 structure connection manner (as shown in FIG. 5); the connection of the ground side metal fittings 2 and the line insulator substring 1 Use the usual connection method.
  • Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and the first and second embodiments is that the grounding side fittings 2 and/or the wire-side fittings 13 and the line insulator string 1 are connected by a double nut 26 structure (as shown in FIG. 5).
  • the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that: the side of the connecting piece of the grounding side metal fitting 2 that is in contact with the line insulator string 1 is provided with a bump 28 (as shown in FIG. 6); the wire side fitting 13 and the line insulator string 1 The connection is in the usual way.
  • connection is in the usual way.
  • the grounding side metal fitting 2 is provided with a gas generating material tube 23 which is disposed on the outer surface of the grounding side fitting 2;
  • the gas producing material pipe 23 has a built-in arc extinguishing gap 24 and a gas injection hole 25.
  • the double nut 26 structural connection and the manner in which the tabs are provided in the tabs may also be used in combination, and the specific embodiments are not enumerated again.

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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置，包括接地侧灭弧装置、分别通过固定装置安装于线路绝缘子串两端的接地侧金具和导线侧金具；接地侧灭弧装置包括雷电脉冲采集装置、绝缘密封壳体、气体发生装置和灭弧腔；接地侧金具的另一端设有连接细管；接地侧灭弧装置还包括使用非金属导电材料制作的管形接地极和L形接地极，L形接地极的一端通过Z形连接金具与接地侧金具上的连接细管镶嵌连接，L形接地极的另一端穿过雷电脉冲采集装置，并与管形接地极相连接；非金属导电材料管形接地极一端内嵌于灭弧腔，另一端与绝缘密封壳体相连接。该装置提高电力系统稳定性、延长变压器、断路器等电力设备使用寿命，而且生产、维护的成本低。

Description

无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种气体灭弧防雷保护装置，具体涉及了一种无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置。 背景技术
输电线路防雷一直都是电力部门防雷工作的重要内容， 雷电故障仍然是影响电网安全的 重要因素之一。 输电线路发生雷击时引起的冲击闪络， 导致线路绝缘子闪络， 继而产生很大 的工频续流， 损坏绝缘子串及金具， 导致线路事故。 传统的 "堵塞型"防雷保护方式， 由于 其局限性， 不能根本解决雷击问题。 因此电力部门一般采用在输电线路加装并联保护间隙或 者线路避雷器来实现保护线。 然而实际运行中， 并联保护间隙和线路避雷器都有其明显的缺 陷如下：
首先， 当输申.线路发生雷击时， 并联保护间隙优先因雷击引起的过电压而击穿， 将雷电 流泄入大地， 从而起到保护输电线路及电气设备的作用。 然而由于并联保护间隙没有灭弧能 力， 不能熄灭绝缘子串闪络后引起的工频续流， 电弧在保护间隙间长时间灼烧， 将造成绝缘 子串损坏， 严重时， 可能造成输电线路断线， 同时电弧会对电极造成烧蚀而降低其保护性能。 最终依靠断路器来熄灭电弧来实现保护输电线路及设备， 是牺牲 "跳闸率"和 "供电可靠性" 换取 "低事故率"的做法。
其次， 线路避雷器价格昂贵， 使用、 维护成本高， 泄露电流大， 使用寿命短， 更换频繁， 而且线路避雷器用的氧化锌模块在雷电冲击下由于存在明显的集肤效应，大电流下容易爆炸， 造成线路长期故障， 不利于电网经济、 安全、 稳定运行。
因此， 人们幵始针对这些问题进行研究， 如发明人在先申请的专利， 中国专利号为
2011201046273就公开了一种适用于 10〜35kV架空输电线路的 10〜35kV架空输电线路约束 空间喷射气体灭弧防雷间隙装置， 该装置并联安装于线路绝缘子串两端， 保护间隙之间的闪 络电压小于被保护绝缘子串， 从而在输电线路遭受雷击时优先于被保护绝缘子串击穿， 击穿 放电时， 雷电脉冲采集装置自动感应雷电流信号并触发髙速喷射气体发生装置， 瞬间产生高 速喷射气流对约朿空间内续流电弧沿纵向强烈冲击、 冷却至熄灭。 又如中国专利号为 2011200053246 公开了用于各电压等级输电线路的约束空间喷射气流灭弧防雷间隙装置， 该 装置并联安装于线路绝缘子串两端， 保护间隙之间的闪络电压小于被保护绝缘子串， 从而在 输电线路遭受雷击时优先于被保护绝缘子串击穿， 击穿放电时， 约束空间内部的产气材料被 高温电弧急剧加热产生高压气体的同时， 雷电脉冲采集装置自动采集信号并启动喷射气体发 生装置， 瞬间产生高速气流沿纵向对电弧造成冲击、 冷却至熄灭。 这些专利对于上述问题已 经取到了较好的解决效果， 然而对于更高电压等级亦或更大的短路电流电弧， 特别是针对直 流电弧不存在电弧过零点现象， 导线被电弧烧断情况， 无灭弧气丸时保护间隙电极易受电弧 烧灼损坏情况等， 除了增大灭弧气丸的威力外， 必须提出能弱化电流电弧、 防止导线断线和 间隙电极受电弧烧灼损坏等的方法及原理， 从而达到更好的灭弧效果， 提高电力系统的稳定 性。 因此， 市场上急需一种性能更加可靠、 适用范围更广， 在直流电弧不存在电弧过零点现 象时也能防止导线被电弧烧断情况发生的防雷间隙保护装置。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足， 提供了一种适用于各种电压等级的架空输电线 路、 能主动弱化电弧电流、 防止导线断线和间隙电极受电弧烧灼损坏、 便于更换灭弧装置、 降低电力系统输电线路雷击跳闸率及事故率、 提高电力系统稳定性、 延长变压器、 断路器等 电力设备使用寿命的无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置。
为了实现上述目的， 本发明采用了以下技术方案： 一种无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置， 包括接地侧灭弧装置、. 分别通过固定装置安装于线路绝缘子串两端的接地侧金具和导线侧金 具； 所述接地侧灭弧装置安装在接地侧金具的一端； 所述接地侧灭弧装置包括雷电脉冲采集 装置、 绝缘密封壳体、 气体发生装置和灭弧腔， 气体发生装置置于绝缘密封壳体内； 其中， 所述接地侧灭弧装置还包括使用非金属导电材料制作的管形接地极， 所述管形接地极一端内 嵌于灭弧腔， 另一端与绝缘密封壳体相连接； 所述接地侧金具的另一端设有连接细管； 所述 接地侧灭弧装置通过 z形连接金具与接地侧金具上的连接细管镶嵌连接， Z形连接金具的另 一端通过穿过雷电脉冲采集装置的连接线与管形接地极相连接。
上述的接地侧灭弧装置还设有使用非金属导电材料制作的 L形接地极， L形接地极的一 端与 Z形连接金具相连接， L形接地极的另一端穿过雷电脉冲采集装置， 并与管形接地极相 连接。
采用 Z形连接金具进行镶嵌连接， 实现了灭弧装置的简易更换。 该装置运用非金属导电 材料的管形接地极作为接闪电弧的一端， 这样雷电击穿后柱形电弧就能主动发散接闪至管形 接地极上， 使电弧的高温弧柱在通过非金属导电材料的管形接地极时消失， 从而能有效降低 电弧的温度； 非金属导电材料的管形接地极使用的冷阴极材料， 能有效的降低接闪点的电离 度， 起到明显弱化电弧的效果。 雷电脉冲采集装置是一种可以釆集到雷电脉冲信号的装置， 即可采集当发生雷击时通过 L形接地极的雷电脉冲信号。 对于非金属导电材料制作的管形接 地极、 L 形接地极， 它们可以一体浇铸而成， 也可以为单独的两个部件， 其中非金属导电材 料 L形接地极的形状为 L形， 这样更加便于非金属导电材料 L形接地极和非金属导电材料管 形接地极紧密接触。 L形接地极与 Z形连接金具的连接方式可以采用螺栓固定安装方式， 即 Z 形连接金具的一端设有通孔， L形接地极的一端铸空， 并内设连接螺纹， 螺栓通过 Z形连接 金具的通孔， 再与 L形接地极螺纹连接， 便可以简单快捷使 Z形连接金具与 L形接地极固定 连接在一起了。
本发明进一步可以 - 所述气体发生装置包括灭弧气丸和气丸绝缘底座；在灭弧气丸上设有触发电极和短路环； 气丸绝缘底座在与触发电极相对应的位置设有固定电极， 固定电极与雷电脉冲采集装置的电 极相连接。 灭弧气丸通过套装橡胶圈即可塞入气丸绝缘底座中， 这样即可实现灭弧气丸固定 安装在气丸绝缘底座中而不会脱落出来。 气体发生装置中可以放入若干个 （发） 由相应的灭 弧气丸和气丸绝缘底座组成的灭弧气弹， 具体数量视产品生产情况而定。
所述的灭弧气丸包括电热转换装置和固体产气材料装置； 电热转换装置把雷电脉冲采集 装置传递过来的电脉冲转化为热能； 固体产气材料装置在高温高压条件下产生大量气体。
所述接地侧灭弧装置的气体发生装置在绝缘密封壳体内沿轴向叠加布置且每一个气体发 生装置内部均装有内嵌铁片；所述接地侧灭弧装置的绝缘密封壳体设有强磁体和切换金属片； 在输电线路发生一次雷击时， 第一气体发生装置启动进行灭弧， 然后自动脱离接地侧灭弧装 置， 第二气体发生装置下落至之前第一气体发生装置的位置， 第三气体发生装置下落至之前 第二气体发生装置的位置， 第二气体发生装置的内嵌铁片与强磁体吸合， 第二气体发生装置 的触发电极与雷电脉冲釆集装置的电极形成可靠连接， 完成一次雷击灭弧。 强磁体吸合气体 发生装置上内嵌铁片， 可以增强气体发生装置的触发电极与雷电脉冲采集装置的电极的相互 紧密接触。 切换金属片的作用主要是在气体发生装置未启动时， 对气体发生装置起到一定支 撑作用， 防止气休发生装置下落、 脱落； 当气体发生装置启动时， 切换金属片的受力失衡， 气体发生装置即可下落到相应的位置。
所述的绝缘密封壳体上设有抵消气体发生装置启动时产生的后座力的卡槽。 该卡槽不仅 可以抵消气体发生装置启动时产生的后座力， 并且可以促使气体发生装置向下掉落， 脱离接 地侧灭弧装置， 让下一个气体发生装置顺利进入准备动作的位置及状态， 完成气体发生装置 的自动更换。 卡槽的位置可以视气体发生装置的外形构造设置， 只要可以起到抵消其后座力 的效果即可， 一般在气体发生装置的后面设置卡槽， 如果在气体发生装置的外壳的中间或前 端设有凸块， 那么可以在绝缘密封壳体与凸块相对应的位置设置卡槽。
所述的接地侧灭弧装置内置有一个以上的气体发生装置， 并且气体发生装置的前端具有 相应的数码标记。 以此可以观察装置相对应的动作次数， 在杆塔下就能观察所剩气体发射器 的数量， 利于及时更换检修该装置。
所述灭弧腔的喷气口处设有内置金属引弧环； 灭弧腔外侧设有外波纹。 内置金属引弧环 可以将电弧几乎 100%引入灭弧室内， 起吸引电弧及有均压功能。 外波纹起到增加爬电距离， 使误击穿概率进一步减小。
所述的接地侧金具和 /或导线侧金具与线路绝缘子串的连接方式采用双螺母结构连接方 式。 双螺母结构连接方式可以确保金具与线路绝缘子串稳固连接安装， 不会出现松动现象， 并且有着双重 "保险" 的效果， 即当外侧的螺母使用使用过长， 或是由于线路绝缘子串上的 连接片的应力作用导致外侧螺母栓不紧时， 还可以通过内侧的螺母对金具与线路绝缘子串进 行加固。 '
所述的接地侧金具和 /或导线侧金具的连接片与线路绝缘子串接触的一面设有凸块。凸块 同样可以起到接地侧金具和 /或导线侧金具与线路绝缘子串稳固连接， 不易出现松动、滑脱等 现象。 用于防止保护间隙使用期间由于气候变化或者金具老化变形而导致的间隙变宽从而失 去应有的效果等现象。 凸块的尺寸设计可以根据绝缘子串球头和线夹尺寸的不同而设计不同 的尺寸。
所述的接地侧金具上设有套装在接地侧金具外表面的产气材料管； 所述产气材料管内置 有被动灭弧间隙和喷气孔。
所述灭弧腔的喷气口处设有内置金属引弧环； 所述灭弧腔外侧设有外波纹； 所述的管形 接地极和导线侧金具组成保护间隙。
在本发明中使用的非金属导电材料一般为石墨。
该装置的灭弧气丸喷射方向正对未消失的电弧弧柱中心， 可使高速灭弧气体从纵向及横 向同时强力作用于电弧弧柱中心， 使电弧中心开花。 纵向气体可使电弧远离非金属导电材料 管形接地极， 使绝缘距离迅速扩张； 横向可熄灭残留的电弧离子； 灭弧气丸喷射高速气体， 驱赶电弧离开灭弧腔后， 还能使灭弧腔形成暂时的真空状态， 真空的绝缘强度远远大于空气 的绝缘强度。 其综合结果就是防止电弧电弧重燃， 且成功增大了灭弧气体与电弧的相互作用 面积和效率。
该装置还运用了被动灭弧间隙结构， 该被动灭弧间隙的产气材料管是由在高温高压条件 下可以产生电负性气体的材料制造。 被动间隙在灭弧装置弹药充足时， 起到分压作用， 降低 主间隙的击穿恢复电压； 被动间隙在灭弧装置弹药用尽工频续流不能自熄的情况下， 产气材 料管电弧的烧灼之下产生电负性气体通过喷气孔将电弧离子驱赶出电弧通道， 既减少了电弧 通道的电弧离子数量， 又降低电弧温度且增加了电弧空间的散热系数， 从而被动的将电弧切 断； 而且喷气孔的数量可以增加。
在本发明中绝缘密封壳体及灭弧腔外侧还可以设置憎水性裙边， 这样可以有效防止雨天 发生沿绝缘壳体表面的闪络。
本发明是针对我国多雷地区架空输电线路的实际情况， 进行的大量探索性实验， 设计出 了一种可用于各种电压等级的架空输电线路的悬垂绝缘子串 （瓷、 玻璃） 和耐张绝缘子串的 无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置， 该装置在输电线路发生雷击时， 不但能优先于被保护绝缘子 串击穿， 而且具有很强的弱化大电弧及约束空间强气流主动灭弧功能， 在保护装置击穿， 雷 电流流过后， 管形电极能使温度最高的电弧弧柱消失， 而且使气丸气体作用于电弧弧柱， 大 大提高了气体与电弧的相互作用效率， 达到快速消除雷击接地或短路故障的目的， 且灭弧时 间小于继电保护动作时间， 从而有效确保供电的可靠性。
本发明的优点：
本发明相对于现有的并联间隙和线路避雷器具有明显的优势，在线路正常运行时无续流， 发生雷击过电压时可以迅速启动， "疏导 "雷电流的同时可靠灭弧， 且能在输电线路继电保护 动作之前将电弧熄灭， 从而避免线路跳闸发生， 从而有效地保护电力设备， 提高供电可靠性; 且可重复动作， 气体发生装置可以带电更换； 由于电弧持续的时间极短， 电极材料基本无烧 蚀， 可长期稳定运行。
1.非金属导电材料管形接地极可以采用非金属导电材料， （如 C元素、 Si元素等导电材 料)， 具有冷阴极作用， 能抑制电弧的能量从而利于熄灭。 当然也可以直接采用金属导电材料 制作。 运用非金属导电材料的非金属导电材料管形接地极作为接闪电弧的一端， 这样雷电击 穿后柱形电弧就能自动发散至管形电极上， 使电弧的弧柱在通过非金属导电材料管形接地极 时消失从而能有效降低电弧的温度及电离度， 而且可使灭弧气丸从纵横向强力作用于未消失 的电弧弧柱中心， 使电弧中心开花， 成功增大了灭弧气体与电弧的相互作用面积和效率。
2. 该装置还运用了被动灭弧间隙结构， 该被动灭弧间隙的产气材料管是由在高温高压条 件下可以产生电 性气体的材料制造。 被动间隙在灭弧装置弹药充足时， 起到分压作用， 降 低主间隙的击穿恢复电压； 被动间隙在灭弧装置弹药用尽工频续流不能自熄的情况下， 产气 材料管电弧的烧灼之下产生电负性气体通过喷气孔将电弧离子驱赶出电弧通道， 既减少了电 弧通道的电弧离子数量， 又降低电弧温度且增加了电弧空间的散热系数， 从而被动的将电弧 切断； 而且喷气孔的数量可以增加。 这样就使的保护间隙电极只受电弧短时烧灼不易损坏。 而且因为成功灭弧了， 所以不会出现导线被电弧烧断的现象。
3.装置内气体发生器具有数码标记， 能在杆塔下观察所剩气体发射器的数量， 利于及时 更换检修该装置。
4.改进了灭弧装置与金具的连接关系， 有利于灭弧筒的简易更换， 提髙了跟换效率。
5. 降低电力系统输电线路雷击跳闸率及事故率、 提高电力系统稳定性、 延长变压器、 断 路器等电力设备使用寿命， 大大节约了设备成本以及系统的检修、 维护成本。
附图说明
图 1是本发明一实施例的结构示意图。
图 2是图 1中接地侧灭弧装置中气体发生装置布置形式的示意图。
图 3是本发明一实施例的气体发生装置内部结构的示意图。
图 4是本发明中使用的被动灭弧间隙结构金具的示意图。
图 5是本发明中双螺母连接结构的示意图。
图 6是本发明中填充模型块的连接结构的示意图。
附图标记： 线路绝缘子串 1， 接地侧金具 2, 连接细管 3， Z形连接金具 4， 绝缘密封壳 体 5， 气体发生装置 6、 第一气体发生装置 6-1， 第二气体发生装置 6-2， 第三气体发生装置 6-3, 管形接地极 7， 外波紋 8， 内置金属引弧环 9， 灭弧腔 10， 雷电脉冲采集装置 11， L形 接地极 12， 导线侧金具 13， 内嵌铁片 14， 强磁体 15， 切换金属片 16， 固定电极 17， 触发电 极 18， 固体产气材料装置 19， 气丸绝缘底座 20， 电热装换装置 21 , 短路环 22， 产气材料管 23， 被动灭弧间隙 24， 喷气孔 25, 螺母 26， 卡槽 27， 模型块 28。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
实施例 1:
如附图 1所示， 一个无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置， 包括接地侧灭弧装置、 分别通过固 定装置安装于线路绝缘子串 1两端的接地侧金具 2和导线侧金具 13; 所述接地侧灭弧装置安 装在接地侧金具 2的一端； 所述接地侧灭弧装置包括雷电脉冲采集装置 11、绝缘密封壳体 5、 气体发生装置 6和灭弧腔 10， 气体发生装置 6置于绝缘密封壳体 5内； 所述接地侧灭弧装置 还包括使用非金属导电材料制作的管形接地极 7， 所述管形接地极 7—端内嵌于灭弧腔 10, 另一端与绝缘密封壳体 5相连接； 所述接地侧金具 2的另一端设有连接细管 3; 所述接地侧 灭弧装置通过 Z形连接金具 4与接地侧金具 2上的连接细管 3镶嵌连接， Z形连接金具 4的 另一端通过穿过雷电脉冲采集装置 11的连接线与管形接地极 7相连接。
在上述的基础上， 进一步可以： 所述的接地侧灭弧装置还设有使用非金属导电材料制作 的 L形接地极 12， L形接地极 12的一端与 Z形连接金具 4相连接， L形接地极 12的另一端 穿过雷电脉冲采集装置 11 , 并与管形接地极 7相连接。
如附图 3所示， 每一个气体发生装置 6内设有四发灭弧气弹， 每一发灭弧气弹包括灭弧 气丸和气丸绝缘底座 20; 在灭弧气丸上设有触发电极 18和短路环 22;气丸绝缘底座 20在与 触发电极 18相对应的位置设有固定电极 17， 固定电极 17与雷电脉冲采集装置 11的电极相 连接； 灭弧气丸包括电热转换装置 21和固体产气材料装置 19; 电热转换装置 21把雷电脉冲 采集装置 U传递过来的电脉冲转化为热能； 固体产气材料装置 19在高温高压条件下产生大 量气体； 气体发生装置 6的前端具有数码标记。
如附图 2所示， 所述接地侧灭弧装置的气体发生装置 6在绝缘密封壳体 5内沿轴向叠加 布置且每一个气体发生装置 6内部均装有内嵌铁片 14; 所述接地侧灭弧装置的绝缘密封壳体 5设有强磁体 15和切换金属片 16; 在输电线路发生一次雷击时， 第一气体发生装置 6-1启动 进行灭弧， 然后自动脱离接地侧灭弧装置， 第二气体发生装置 6-2下落至之前第一气体发生 装置 6-1的位置， 第三气体发生装置 6-3下落至之前第二气体发生装置 6-2的位置， 第二气 体发生装置 6-2的内嵌铁片 14与强磁体 15吸合，第二气体发生装置 6-2的触发电极 17与雷 电脉冲采集装置 11的电极形成可靠连接， 完成一次雷击灭弧。在第一气体发生装置的位置的 左上角处的绝缘密封壳体 5设有一直角卡槽 27，用于抵消气体发生装置启动时产生的后座力， 使气体发生装置向下掉落， 脱离接地侧灭弧装置， 让下一个气体发生装置顺利进入准备动作 的位置及状态， 完成气体发生装置的自动更换。
所述灭弧腔 10的喷气口处设有内置金属引弧环 9; 灭弧腔 10外侧设有外波纹 8; 接地侧 金具 2与线路绝缘子串 1的连接方式采用双螺母 26结构连接方式 （如附图 5所示)； 非金属 导电材料管形接地极 7和导线侧金具 13组成保护间隙。
本无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置相对于现有的并联间隙和线路避雷器具有明显的优势， 在线路正常运行时无续流，发生雷击过电压时可以迅速启动， "疏导 "雷电流的同时可靠灭弧， 且能在输电线路继电保护动作之前将电弧熄灭， 从而避免线路跳闸发生， 从而有效地保护电 力设备， 提髙供电可靠性； 且可重复动作， 气体发生装置可以带电更换； 由于电弧持续的时 间极短， 电极材料基本无烧蚀， 可长期稳定运行。
实施例 2:
本实施例与实施例 1的区别在于：导线侧金具 13与线路绝缘子串 1的连接方式采用双螺 母 26结构连接方式 （如附图 5所示)； 接地侧金具 2与线路绝缘子串 1的连接采用通常的连 接方式。
实施例 3: 本实施例与实施例 1、 2的区别在于： 接地侧金具 2和 /或导线侧金具 13与线路绝缘子串 1的连接方式均采用双螺母 26结构连接方式 （如附图 5所示)。
实施例 4:
本实施例与上述实施例的区别在于： 接地侧金具 2的连接片与线路绝缘子串 1接触的一 面设有凸块 28 (如附图 6所示）； 导线侧金具 13与线路绝缘子串 1的连接采用通常的连接方 式。
实施例 5:
本实施例与上述实施例的区别在于：导线侧金具 13的连接片与线路绝缘子串 1接触的一 面设有凸块 28 (如附图 6所示）； 接地侧金具 2与线路绝缘子串 1的连接采用通常的连接方 式。
实施例 6:
本实施例与上述实施例的区别在于：接地侧金具 2和导线侧金具 13的连接片与线路绝缘 子串 1接触的一面均设有凸块 28 (如附图 6所示）。
实施例 7:
在上述实施例 1-6任一的实施例中进一步改进（如图 4所示），所述的接地侧金具 2上设 有套装在接地侧金具 2外表面的产气材料管 23; 所述产气材料管 23内置有被动灭弧间隙 24 和喷气孔 25。
除了上述的实施例外， 在其他的实施例中，双螺母 26结构连接方式和在连接片设计凸块 28的方式还可以混合使用， 具体实施例再次就不再列举。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置， 包括接地侧灭弧装置、 分别通过固定装置安装 于线路绝缘子串 两端的接地侧金具 （2)和导线侧金具 （13 ); 所述接地侧灭弧装置安 装在接地侧金具（2) 的一端； 所述接地侧灭弧装置包括雷电脉冲采集装置（11 )、 绝缘密封 壳体 （5)、 气体发生装置 （6)和灭弧腔 （10), 气体发生装置（6)置于绝缘密封壳体（5) 内； 其特征在于： 所述接地侧灭弧装置还包括使用非金属导电材料制作的管形接地极（7)， 所述管形接地极（7)—端内嵌于灭弧腔（10)， 另一端与绝缘密封壳体 （5)相连接； 所述 接地侧金具 （2) 的另一端设有连接细管 （3); 所述接地侧灭弧装置通过 Z形连接金具 （4) 与接地侧金具（2)上的连接细管（3)镶嵌连接， Z形连接金具（4)的另一端通过穿过雷电 脉冲采集装置 （l O 的连接线与管形接地极 （7)相连接。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置， 其特征在于： 所述的接地侧 灭弧装置还设有使用非金属导电材料制作的 L形接地极（12), L形接地极（12)的一端与 Z 形连接金具 （4)相连接， L形接地极（12) 的另一端穿过雷电脉冲采集装置（11 )， 并与管 形接地极（7)相连接。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2任一所述的无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置， 其特征在于： 所述 气体发生装置（6)包括灭弧气丸和气丸绝缘底座 （20); 在灭弧气丸上设有触发电极（18) 和短路环（22);气丸绝缘底座（20)在与触发电极（18)相对应的位置上设有固定电极（17)， 固定电极（17) 与雷电脉冲采集装置（11 ) 的电极相连接。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置， 其特征在于： 所述的灭弧气 丸包括电热转换装置 （21 )和固体产气材料装置 （19); 电热转换装置 （21 ) 把雷电脉冲采 集装置（11 )传递过来的电脉冲转化为热能； 固体产气材料装置（19)在高温高压条件下产 生大量气体。
5. 根据权利要求 1，2或 4任一所述的无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置， 其特征在于： 所 述接地侧灭弧装置的气体发生装置（6)在绝缘密封壳体（5) 内沿轴向叠加布置且每一个气 体发生装置 （6) 内部均装有内嵌铁片 （14); 所述接地侧灭弧装置的绝缘密封壳体（5)设 有强磁体（15)和切换金属片（16); 在输电线路发生一次雷击时， 第一气体发生装置（6 - 1 ) 启动进行灭弧， 然后自动脱离接地侧灭弧装置， 第二气体发生装置 （6-2) 下落至之前第一 气体发生装置（6-1 )的位置，第三气体发生装置（6-3)下落至之前第二气体发生装置（6 - 2) 的位置， 第二气体发生装置（6-2) 的内嵌铁片 （14) 与强磁体（15) 吸合， 第二气体发生 装置 （6-2) 的触 ¾电极 （17) 与雷电脉冲采集装置 （11 ) 的电极形成可靠连接， 完成一次 雷击灭弧。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置， 其特征在于： 所述的绝缘密 封壳体 （5) 上设有抵消气体发生装置 （6) 启动时产生的后座力的卡槽 （27)。
7. 根据权利要求 5所述的无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置， 其特征在于： 所述的接地侧 灭弧装置内置有一个以上的气体发生装置 （6)， 并且气体发生装置 （6) 的前端具有相应的 数码标记。
8. 根据权利要求 1, 2， 4或 6- 7任一所述的无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置， 其特征在于： 所述的接地侧金具 （2) 和 /或导线侧金具 （13 ) 与线路绝缘子串 （1 ) 的连接方式采用双螺 母 （26) 结构连接方式。
9. 根据权利要求 1， 2， 4或 6-7任一所述的无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置， 其特征在于： 所述的接地侧金具 （2) 和 /或导线侧金具 （13) 的连接片与线路绝缘子串 （1 ) 接触的一面 设有凸块 （28)。
10. 根据权利要求 1， 2, 4或 6-7任一所述的无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置,其特征在于: 所述的接地侧金具 （2)上设有套装在接地侧金具 （2)外表面的产气材料管 （23); 所述产 气材料管 （23 ) 内置有被动灭弧间隙 （24) 和喷气孔 （25)。
11. 根据权利要求 1, 2, 4或 6-7任一所述的无续流电弧防雷间隙保护装置，其特征在于: 所述灭弧腔 （10) 的喷气口处设有内置金属引弧环 （9); 所述灭弧腔 （10) 外侧设有外波紋
(8)； 所述的管形接地极 （7) 和导线侧金具 （13) 组成保护间隙。
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