WO2014045973A1 - 鋼管用ねじ継手 - Google Patents
鋼管用ねじ継手 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014045973A1 WO2014045973A1 PCT/JP2013/074562 JP2013074562W WO2014045973A1 WO 2014045973 A1 WO2014045973 A1 WO 2014045973A1 JP 2013074562 W JP2013074562 W JP 2013074562W WO 2014045973 A1 WO2014045973 A1 WO 2014045973A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- box
- pin
- seal
- fastening
- threaded joint
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 40
- 206010010904 Convulsion Diseases 0.000 description 34
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/042—Threaded
- E21B17/0423—Threaded with plural threaded sections, e.g. with two-step threads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L15/00—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints
- F16L15/001—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints with conical threads
- F16L15/002—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints with conical threads with more then one threaded section
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L15/00—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints
- F16L15/06—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints characterised by the shape of the screw-thread
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a threaded joint for steel pipes.
- steel pipes such as oil well pipes are used.
- Steel pipes such as oil well pipes are usually connected by threaded joints. Screw joints are roughly classified into two types.
- One method is a coupling method.
- two steel pipes provided with male screw members (pins) at both ends and a short pipe called a coupling provided with female screw members (boxes) at both ends are connected.
- Another method is an integral method. In the integral system, a pin is provided at one end of the steel pipe and a box is provided at the other end, and the two steel pipes are directly connected without using a coupling.
- Threaded joints for oil well pipes include thread joints of the American Petroleum Institute standard, so-called API joints.
- API joints there are premium joints with improved performance to withstand harsh environments.
- Many premium joints have a screw structure necessary for connecting steel pipes and a sealing mechanism that is responsible for sealing performance of gas and liquid.
- a rotationally symmetric threadless surface is provided on the outer surface of the pin and the inner surface of the box, and these seal surfaces are fitted.
- a metal touch seal is widely used as a sealing mechanism.
- the outer diameter of the pin is set slightly larger than the inner diameter of the box (this difference in diameter is referred to as “seal interference amount”).
- an elastic recovery force is generated to return the original diameter between the expanded box and the reduced diameter pin by engaging the pin and the box and causing interference in the radial direction.
- the sealing surface can be closely adhered.
- sealing performance can be improved if the amount of seal interference is set large.
- the seal interference amount is set excessively large, the seal surface will be seized during the fastening process of the threaded joint.
- the sealing performance and seizure resistance of the threaded joint are in a contradictory relationship.
- seizure is likely to occur, and it is difficult to achieve both sealing performance and seizure resistance.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose prior arts for improving a lubricating coating.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for forming an oxalic acid-treated underlayer on each surface of a screw portion and a seal surface, and forming a resin film layer in which molybdenum disulfide or tungsten disulfide is dispersed thereon.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique in which a porous zinc or zinc alloy underlayer is formed on each surface of a threaded portion and a sealing surface, and a solid lubricating coating or a liquid lubricating coating containing no heavy metal is formed thereon. Yes. Both techniques aim to improve seizure resistance.
- Threaded joints in which the above-mentioned lubricating coating or surface treatment coating is formed on the surface of each threaded portion and seal surface often require attention when handling the lubricating coating or surface treatment coating. For this reason, it is easy to generate
- Patent Document 3 discloses a technique for devising the shape of the seal surface. Specifically, the box seal surface is a taper surface and the pin seal surface is a curvature surface, and the seal surfaces are brought into contact with each other in a relatively narrow range to improve the sealing performance by increasing the local contact pressure. Technology is disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a technique for forming two sealing surfaces on an integral-type threaded joint. Specifically, one seal surface is brought into contact with both a pin as a taper surface and a box as a curvature surface. The other sealing surface is in the opposite relationship, that is, the box is a tapered surface and the pin is a curved surface so that they are brought into contact with each other.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a technique in which both a pin and a box have a curvature surface. According to the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 3 to 5, if the amount of seal interference is the same, a high local contact pressure can be obtained, so that high sealing performance can be obtained. Moreover, since the sealing contact portion is formed by the contact between the tapered surface and the curvature surface, stable sealing performance can be obtained.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a technique for improving the seizure resistance performance by bringing both seal surfaces of the pin and the box into contact with each other as a tapered surface.
- tapered surfaces that are sealing surfaces come into contact with each other with a wide contact width in the process of screwing and fastening the threaded joint. For this reason, the average contact pressure between seal surfaces can be suppressed low, and seizure hardly occurs.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a threaded joint for steel pipes that stably combines high seizure resistance and sealing performance.
- a threaded joint for steel pipes includes a male thread portion formed of a two-stage screw, a tapered surface formed at an intermediate portion of the two-stage screw, and a curvature surface adjacent to the tapered surface.
- a pin having a sealing surface including: a female screw portion formed by a two-step screw; and a sealing surface formed at an intermediate portion of the two-step screw and including a tapered surface and a curved surface adjacent to the tapered surface.
- a taper angle of the taper surface of the pin and a taper angle of the taper surface of the box are substantially the same, and the male screw portion and the female screw portion are fastened by screwing, and this fastening While the seal surface of the pin and the seal surface of the box are in contact with each other in the process, the pin and the box interfere with each other in the radial direction so that at least a part of the mutual seal surface closely adheres over the entire circumference.
- a contact pressure amplifying mechanism is provided that increases the contact pressure between the seal surface of the pin and the seal surface of the box when the fastening is completed as compared to a point in the middle of the fastening.
- the curvature surface of the pin is formed on the side opposite to the tip side of the pin, and the curvature surface of the box is opposite to the tip side of the box It may be formed on the side.
- the curvature surface of the pin is formed adjacent to both sides of the taper surface of the pin, and the length of the taper surface of the box is the length of the pin It may be longer than the length of the sealing surface.
- the curvature surface of the box is formed adjacent to both sides of the taper surface of the box, and the length of the taper surface of the pin is It may be longer than the length of the sealing surface.
- a peak contact pressure may be generated at a contact portion between the curvature surface and the tapered surface.
- the contact pressure amplification mechanism includes a wedge-shaped screw formed at a location adjacent to the seal surface of the male thread portion.
- the contact pressure between the sealing surface of the pin and the sealing surface of the box may be increased by fastening with a wedge-shaped screw formed at a location adjacent to the sealing surface of the female screw portion.
- the contact pressure amplification mechanism is adjacent to either the front or rear of the seal surface of the pin or the seal surface of the box.
- the contact pressure between the sealing surface of the pin and the sealing surface of the box may be increased by a hook shoulder.
- the male screw portion and the female screw portion may include a wedge-shaped screw.
- FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing which shows typically the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the threaded joint for steel pipes which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the dimension of each seal part of the pin of the threaded joint for steel pipes shown in the enclosure part X in FIG. 1, and a box. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state before the pin and box fastening in the threaded joint for steel pipes shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of completion of the fastening of the pin and box in the threaded joint for steel pipes shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5A It is a schematic diagram which shows the state in the fastening process of each pin and the sealing surface of a box shown to FIG. 5A. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of completion of fastening of the sealing surface of each pin and box shown to FIG. 5A. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state before the fastening of the sealing surface of each of the pin and box which comprise the other example of the threaded joint which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state in the fastening process of each pin and the sealing surface of a box shown to FIG. 6A. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of completion of fastening of the sealing surface of each pin and box shown to FIG. 6A.
- FIG. 7A It is a schematic diagram which shows the state before the fastening of the sealing surface of each of the pin and box which comprise the other example of the threaded joint which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state in the fastening process of each pin and the sealing surface of a box shown to FIG. 7A. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of completion of fastening of the sealing surface of each pin and box shown to FIG. 7A. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of a wedge-shaped screw. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example at the time of providing one hook shoulder adjacent to either the front and back of the sealing surface of a pin and a box.
- FIG. 12A is a schematic diagram showing a state before fastening of the seal surfaces 2 and 4 of the pin 1 and the box 3 according to the conventional seal shape.
- 12B is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in the fastening process of the sealing surfaces 2 and 4 of the pin 1 and the box 3 illustrated in FIG. 12A.
- 12C is a schematic diagram illustrating a state when the fastening of the sealing surfaces 2 and 4 of the pin 1 and the box 3 illustrated in FIG. 12A is completed.
- the right side is the tip side of the pin 1
- the left side is the tip side of the box 3.
- the seal surface 4 of the box 3 includes a tapered surface 4a and curved surfaces 4b and 4c that are smoothly connected to both ends thereof.
- the sealing surface 2 of the pin 1 is constituted by a single large curvature surface 2b.
- the present inventors examined the contact state of the sealing surface 4 in the fastening process in detail by finite element analysis. As a result, when the sealing surface 2 of the pin 1 starts to contact, the curved surface 4c of the box 3 contacts the curved surface 2b of the pin 1, and the curved surfaces 4c and 2b contact each other with a very narrow width. It was found that the generation of high peak contact pressure was the main cause of seizure.
- the present inventors maintain the contact between the seal surfaces 2 and 4 until the fastening is completed, and engage with other elements, for example, the screw portions of the pin 1 and the box 3 as wedge-shaped screws immediately before the completion of the fastening.
- the contact pressure between the seal surfaces 2 and 4 is increased by abutting the hook shoulder provided adjacent to the seal surfaces 2 and 4 of the pin 1 and the box 3. It was considered that if the curvature surface and the tapered surface are brought into contact with each other at the end of the portion, a peak contact pressure with an appropriate height that exhibits sufficient sealing performance without causing seizure can be obtained.
- the present inventors have further studied based on such an idea and satisfy the following two elements (A) and (B), and more preferably, these elements (A) and (B). In addition to the above, it has been found that the above problem can be solved by satisfying the following element (C).
- the taper angle of the taper surface of the pin and the taper angle of the taper surface of the box are substantially the same.
- substantially identical means that the taper angle of the taper surface of the pin and the taper angle of the taper surface of the box are the same angle, or the difference between the angles is within a range of ⁇ 0.5 °. To do.
- a contact pressure amplifying mechanism is provided that increases the contact pressure between the seal surface of the pin and the seal surface of the box when the fastening is completed as compared to a point in the middle of the fastening.
- examples of the contact pressure amplifying mechanism include a wedge-shaped screw applied to a screw portion, which will be described in detail later, and a hook shoulder installed adjacent to the pin and the seal surface of the box.
- the seal surface of the pin is formed at a position separated from the end surface of the pin by a certain distance or more, and the seal surface of the box is formed at a position separated from the end surface of the box by a certain distance or more.
- threaded joints for steel pipes made of carbon steel or sour steel but also threaded joints that tend to cause seizure, such as threaded joints for steel pipes made of high alloy steel containing 13 mass% or more of chromium, and expensive surfaces. It has been found that high seizure resistance and sealing performance can be stably obtained for threaded joints for steel pipes such as integral type threaded joints that are difficult to treat, and the present invention has been completed.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the threaded joint 10.
- the threaded joint 10 includes a pin 20 and a box 30.
- the pin 20 has a male screw portion 21 and a seal surface 22.
- the male screw portion 21 is formed in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral surface of the pin 20.
- the male screw portion 21 is formed of a two-stage screw including an upper screw portion 21a and a lower screw portion 21b.
- the seal surface 22 is formed at an intermediate portion between the upper screw portion 21a and the lower screw portion 21b.
- the seal surface 22 is a threadless surface including a tapered surface 22 a and a curvature surface 23 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the pin 20.
- the taper surface 22a is inclined at a predetermined angle (hereinafter referred to as a taper angle of the taper surface 22a) in the cross section of the pin 20 in the axial direction. Therefore, the tapered surface 22 a forms a truncated cone surface that is gradually reduced in diameter from the proximal end side to the distal end side of the pin 20 on the outer peripheral surface of the pin 20.
- the taper angle of the tapered surface 22a is preferably 2 to 10 °, for example, and more preferably 3 to 7 °.
- the curvature surface 23 includes a rear curvature surface 23a and a front curvature surface 23b formed adjacent to both sides of the tapered surface 22a.
- the rear curvature surface 23 a and the front curvature surface 23 b are formed so as to draw an arc with a predetermined curvature in the axial cross section of the pin 20. Therefore, the curvature surface 23 forms a curvature rotator surface curved on the outer peripheral surface of the pin 20.
- the curvature of the curvature surface 23 may be set so that a continuous curved surface is formed between the surface opposite to the taper surface 22a sandwiching the curvature surface 23 and the taper surface 22a.
- the box 30 has a female thread portion 31 and a seal surface 32.
- the female thread portion 31 is formed in a spiral shape on the inner peripheral surface of the box 30.
- the female screw portion 31 is formed of a two-stage screw including an upper screw portion 31a and a lower screw portion 31b.
- the upper screw portion 31a of the box 30 is screwed with the upper screw portion 21a of the pin 20, and the lower screw portion 31b of the box 30 is screwed with the lower screw portion 21b of the pin 20. Thereby, the external thread part 21 and the internal thread part 31 are fastened by screwing.
- the seal surface 32 is formed at an intermediate portion between the upper screw portion 31a and the lower screw portion 31b.
- the seal surface 32 is a threadless surface including a tapered surface 32 a and a curvature surface 33 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the box 30.
- the tapered surface 32a is inclined at a predetermined angle (hereinafter referred to as a taper angle of the tapered surface 32a) in the cross section of the box 30 in the axial direction. Therefore, the tapered surface 32 a forms a truncated cone surface that gradually increases in diameter from the proximal end side to the distal end side of the box 30 on the inner peripheral surface of the box 30.
- the taper angle of the tapered surface 32a is preferably 2 to 10 °, for example, and more preferably 3 to 7 °.
- the curvature surface 33 includes a front curvature surface 33a and a rear curvature surface 33b formed adjacent to both sides of the tapered surface 32a.
- the front curvature surface 33 a and the rear curvature surface 33 b are formed so as to draw an arc with a predetermined curvature in the axial cross section of the box 30. Therefore, the curvature surface 33 forms a curved rotating body surface that is curved on the inner peripheral surface of the box 30.
- the curvature of the curvature surface 33 may be set so that a continuous curved surface is formed between the surface opposite to the taper surface 32a sandwiching the curvature surface 33 and the taper surface 32a.
- the pin 20 and the box 30 interfere in the radial direction while the seal surface 22 of the pin 20 and the seal surface 32 of the box 30 are in contact with each other in the process of fastening the male screw portion 21 and the female screw portion 31.
- a structure metal touch seal
- at least a part of each of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 is in close contact with the entire circumference.
- the outer diameter of the pin 20 is set to be slightly larger than the inner diameter of the box 30 (this difference in diameter is referred to as “seal interference amount”).
- an elastic recovery force is generated between the expanded box 30 and the reduced diameter pin 20 to return to the original diameter. To do.
- the seal surfaces 22 and 32 can be closely adhered.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the dimensions of the pin 20 of the threaded joint 10 and the seal part of the box 30 shown in the enclosed part X in FIG.
- reference numeral 41 indicates the radius of curvature of the rear curvature surface 23 a of the pin 20.
- Reference numeral 42 indicates a radius of curvature of the front curvature surface 23 b of the pin 20.
- Reference numeral 43 indicates a taper angle of the taper surface 22 a of the pin 20.
- Reference numeral 44 indicates the diameter of the sealing surface 22 of the pin 20.
- Reference numeral 45 indicates a taper length of the seal surface 22 of the pin 20.
- Reference numeral 46 indicates a radius of curvature of the rear curvature surface 33 b of the box 30.
- Reference numeral 47 indicates a radius of curvature of the front curvature surface 33 a of the box 30.
- Reference numeral 48 denotes a taper angle of the taper surface 32 a of the box 30.
- Reference numeral 49 indicates the diameter of the sealing surface 32 of the box 30.
- Reference numeral 50 denotes a taper length of the sealing surface 32 of the box 30.
- the screw joint 10 desirably satisfies the following two elements (A) and (B), and in addition to these elements (A) and (B), may satisfy the following element (C): More desirable.
- the taper angle 43 of the taper surface 22a of the pin 20 and the taper angle 48 of the taper surface 32a of the box 30 are substantially the same.
- substantially the same means that the taper angle 43 and the taper angle 48 are the same angle or the difference between the angles is within a range of ⁇ 0.5 °.
- a contact pressure amplifying mechanism 40 is provided that increases the contact pressure between the seal surface 22 of the pin 20 and the seal surface 32 of the box 30 when the fastening is completed, compared to a point in the middle of the fastening.
- examples of the contact pressure amplification mechanism 40 include a wedge-shaped screw and a hook shoulder as shown in FIGS.
- the sealing surface 22 of the pin 20 or the sealing surface 32 of the box 30 is formed at a position away from each end surface of the pin 20 or the box 30 by a certain distance or more. That is, the seal surface 22 of the pin 20 and the seal surface 32 of the box 30 are provided in the middle between the upper screw portions 21a and 31a and the lower screw portions 21b and 31b in the case of a two-stage screw.
- the sealing surface 22 of the pin 20 and the sealing surface 32 of the box 30 at the intermediate portion, the taper angle of the sealing surfaces 22 and 32 in the fastening process is kept constant, and uniform sealing contact can be obtained.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram illustrating a state before the pin 20 and the box 30 are fastened in the screw joint 10 illustrated in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram illustrating a state when the fastening of the pin 20 and the box 30 in the threaded joint 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 is completed.
- taper surfaces 22a and 32a having substantially the same taper angles 43 and 48 are formed as the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30, respectively.
- the tapered surfaces 22a, 32a are brought into contact with each other with a wide width substantially in parallel. Thereby, the said element (A) is achieved comparatively easily.
- the seal surface 22 is formed at the tip portion including the tip surface of the pin 20
- the seal surface provided at the tip portion also referred to as a lip
- the deflection angle increases.
- the diameter of the box 30 is only expanded uniformly, and the deflection angle (taper angle 48 of the taper surface 32a of the box 30) hardly changes. That is, even if the seal surfaces 22 and 32 can be brought into substantially parallel contact at the start of contact, as the influence of the seal interference amount gradually appears with the fastening, the seal surfaces of the pin 20 and the box 30 respectively.
- the taper angles 43 and 48 of 22 and 32 do not coincide. In this case, it becomes difficult to keep the seal surfaces 22 and 32 in contact with each other with a wide width throughout the fastening process.
- the seal surface 22 provided at the tip of the pin 20 has sufficient rigidity on the tip side.
- a portion may be formed to uniformly reduce the diameter of the seal surface 22 to suppress the occurrence of a deflection angle. For this purpose, it is effective to form the seal surface 22 at a position away from the end surface of the pin 20 by a certain distance or more.
- the upper screw portion 21 a and the lower screw portion 21 b of the male screw portion 21 are formed on both sides of the seal surface 22, and the upper screw of the female screw portion 31 is formed.
- a so-called intermediate seal structure is formed in which the portion 31 a and the lower screw portion 31 b are formed on both sides of the seal surface 32.
- the taper surfaces 22a and 32a which are the seal surfaces 22 and 32, have a wide contact width and uniform contact, and the risk of seizure is further reduced.
- FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram showing a state before fastening of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30 constituting an example of a threaded joint for steel pipes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 4B is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in the fastening process of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30 illustrated in FIG. 4A.
- FIG. 4C is a schematic diagram illustrating a state when the fastening of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30 illustrated in FIG. 4A is completed.
- the length of the sealing surface 22 of the pin 20 is made shorter than the length of the tapered surface 32a of the box 30.
- the shorter tapered surface 22a and the rear curved surface 23a and the forward curved surface 23b smoothly connected to both ends thereof are in contact with the tapered surface 32a of the box 30. To do. Thereby, the contact pressure between the seal surfaces 22 and 32 increases immediately before the completion of the fastening.
- the peak contact where the back curvature surface 23a and the front curvature surface 23b are in contact with the tapered surface 32a and the contact pressure is higher than the other portions. Pressure can be generated.
- this threaded joint 10 can stably reduce the seizure risk of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 and can exhibit a stable sealing performance after completion of the fastening.
- FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram showing a state before fastening of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30 constituting another example of the threaded joint for steel pipes according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5B is a schematic view showing a state in the fastening process of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30 shown in FIG. 5A.
- FIG. 5C is a schematic diagram showing a state when the fastening of the sealing surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30 shown in FIG. 5A is completed.
- FIGS. 5A to 5C parts equivalent to those of the pin 20 and the box 30 constituting the threaded joint 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- symbol A in FIG. 5B shows distribution of the contact pressure of a fastening process.
- Symbol B in FIG. 5C indicates the peak contact pressure at the completion of the fastening.
- the front curvature surface 33a and the rear curvature surface 33b of the box 30 are formed on both sides of the taper surface 32a, and the length of the taper surface 22a of the pin 20 is shown.
- 45 shows a mode in which the length of the sealing surface 32 of the box 30 is longer than 50. Also in this case, it is possible to stably reduce the seizure risk of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 and to exhibit stable sealing performance after completion of fastening.
- FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram showing a state before fastening of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30 constituting another example of the threaded joint according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- 6B is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in the fastening process of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30 illustrated in FIG. 6A.
- FIG. 6C is a schematic diagram illustrating a state when the fastening of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30 illustrated in FIG. 6A is completed.
- 6A to 6C show a mode in which the sealing surfaces 22 and 32 of both the pin 20 and the box 30 are provided with tapered surfaces 22a and 32a having substantially the same taper angles 43 and 48, respectively. Further, a mode is shown in which a front curvature surface 23b is provided on the side of the taper surface 22a of the pin 20 that is located on the tip end side of the pin 20, and a front curvature surface 33a is provided on the tip side of the box 30 of the taper surface 32a of the box 30.
- FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram showing a state before fastening of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30 constituting another example of the threaded joint according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram showing a state in the fastening process of the sealing surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30 shown in FIG. 7A.
- FIG. 7C is a schematic diagram illustrating a state when the fastening of the sealing surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30 illustrated in FIG. 7A is completed.
- FIGS. 7A to 7C show an aspect in which the sealing surfaces 22 and 32 of both the pin 20 and the box 30 are provided with tapered surfaces 22a and 32a having substantially the same taper angles 43 and 48, respectively. Further, a rear curvature surface 23a is provided on the side of the taper surface 22a of the pin 20 opposite to the front end side of the pin 20, and a rear curvature surface 33b is provided on the side of the taper surface 32a of the box 30 opposite to the front end side of the box 30. An aspect is shown.
- 22a and 32a contact in parallel, and the peak contact pressure can be reduced without causing contact between the curvature surfaces 23 and 33 in the fastening process.
- the contact pressure amplifying mechanism 40 is a mechanism for amplifying the contact pressure that increases the seal contact force immediately before the completion of fastening, and there are several possible mechanisms. One of them is that the screw shape of each of the male screw portion 21 and the female screw portion 31 is a wedge-shaped screw.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a typical wedge-shaped screw 40-1.
- reference symbols a and a ' indicate load surfaces of the thread.
- Symbols c and c ' indicate the thickness occupied by the screw.
- the wedge-shaped screw 40-1 adjacent to the seal surfaces 22 and 32 is locked by caulking the slopes of the screws just before the completion of fastening, and the contact force of the seal surfaces 22 and 32 is increased. For this reason, for example, as shown by reference numeral B in FIG. 4C, a peak contact pressure is generated where the curvature surfaces 23a and 23b are in contact with the tapered surface 32a when the fastening is completed, and the contact pressure is higher than other portions. Can be made.
- At least one wedge-shaped screw 40-1 is provided at a location adjacent to the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the upper screw portions 21a and 31a and the lower screw portions 21b and 31b.
- the wedge-shaped screw 40-1 is desirably formed at least 1.5 pitches adjacent to the seal surfaces 22 and 32, but the male screw portion 21 (21a, 21b) and the female screw portion 31 (31a, 31b) are all wedge-shaped.
- the screw 40-1 is more desirable.
- the top surface and the bottom surface of the thread are parallel to the joint axis L.
- the height of the load surfaces a and a ′ of the screw thread is lower than the height of the insertion surfaces b and b ′, and the larger the taper angle and the wider the clearance of the top surface of the screw, the greater the load surface a, The height of a ′ is lowered.
- the thickness range occupied by the given screw (the radial width between the pitch lines covering the top and bottom surfaces of the screw) ) It is possible to set the load surfaces a and a ′ as high as possible.
- the force for fastening the pin 20 and the box 30 in the radial direction when the screw is engaged (that is, the force for amplifying the seal contact force immediately before fastening) is further improved. Therefore, when such a wedge-shaped screw 40-1 is used, the effect as the contact pressure amplifying mechanism 40 is further enhanced. Further, it is more desirable that the male screw portion 21 (21a, 21b) and the female screw portion 31 (31a, 31b) are taper screws and are wedge-shaped screws.
- a hook shoulder provided adjacent to either the front or rear of the pin 20 and the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the box 30 or both sides can be cited.
- FIGS. 9 to 11 are schematic diagrams showing examples of hook shoulders.
- 9 and 10 are schematic views showing a case where one hook shoulder is provided adjacent to either the front or rear of the pin 20 and the seal surfaces 22 and 32 of the box 30.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a case where two hook shoulders are provided adjacent to the front and rear of the sealing surfaces 22 and 32 of the pin 20 and the box 30.
- reference numeral 20 denotes a pin.
- Reference numeral 30 denotes a box.
- Reference numeral 22 denotes a sealing surface of the pin 20.
- Reference numeral 24 denotes a shoulder surface of the pin 20.
- Reference numeral 21 a indicates a male screw of the pin 20.
- Reference numeral 32 denotes a sealing surface of the box 30.
- Reference numeral 34 denotes a shoulder surface of the box 30.
- Reference numeral 31 a indicates a female screw of the box 30.
- Reference symbol T indicates tapered surfaces 22 a and 32 a on the seal surfaces 22 and 32.
- Reference symbol R indicates a curvature surface of the seal surfaces 22 and 32.
- the radial component of the reaction force generated by the butting of the shoulder is the seal surfaces 22, 32. Acts in the direction in which the seal is further brought into close contact, and the seal contact force can be increased.
- Table 2 shows the results of finite element analysis.
- Table 2 also shows the contact pressure at the completion of fastening. From Table 2, it can be seen that the peak contact pressures of Nos. 3 and 4 are about twice as large as YS and are significantly higher than those of Nos. 1 and 2 when the fastening is completed.
- the sealing surface has a sufficient sealing performance when the fastening is completed.
- the API test standard is repeated 3 times or more per casing, and the test is accepted if seizure does not occur.
- the seizure resistance performance was evaluated using threaded joints having the seal shapes of numbers 1 ', 3', and 4.
- the numbers 1 'and 3' have the same seal shape as the numbers 1 and 3, but are given different reference numerals because the sizes of the threaded joints are different. Details of the seal shape are as shown in Table 1.
- the sample was surface-treated with sandblast for both the pin and the box, and an API standard screw compound was used as the lubricant.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2012年9月21日に、日本に出願された特願2012-208600号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(1) 本発明の一態様に係る鋼管用ねじ継手は、2段ねじで形成された雄ねじ部と、この2段ねじの中間部に形成された、テーパ面およびこのテーパ面に隣接する曲率面を含むシール面とを有するピンと;2段ねじで形成された雌ねじ部と、この2段ねじの中間部に形成された、テーパ面およびこのテーパ面に隣接する曲率面を含むシール面とを有するボックスと;を備え、前記ピンのテーパ面のテーパ角と、前記ボックスのテーパ面のテーパ角とは実質的に同一であり、前記雄ねじ部と前記雌ねじ部とが螺合により締結され、この締結の過程で前記ピンのシール面と前記ボックスのシール面とが接触しながら、前記ピンと前記ボックスとが径方向に干渉することで、互いのシール面の少なくとも一部が全周にわたって密着する構造を有し、更に、前記締結の途中の時点に比較して前記締結の完了時に、前記ピンのシール面と前記ボックスのシール面との接触圧を増加させる接触圧増幅機構を備える。
先ず、本発明者らは、例えばクロム(Cr)を13質量%以上含有する高合金鋼からなる鋼管用ねじ継手において、締結過程でシール面の焼付きが多発する原因を詳細に検討した。
(I)シール面2,4の接触開始時における曲率面2b,4c同士の接触に起因する過大なピーク接触圧を低減できれば、シール面2,4での焼付きの発生を防止できる。
(II)シール面2,4の接触開始時や締結過程において、曲率面2b,4c同士や曲率面2bとテーパ面4aとが線接触するのではなく、テーパ面同士が平行に接触するように、シール面2,4の形状を適正化すれば、より広い接触幅で均一に接触させることができ、高いピーク接触圧の発生を防止できる。
図1は、ねじ継手10の縦断面形状を模式的に示す断面図である。
図5Aは、本発明の一実施形態に係る鋼管用ねじ継手の他例を構成するピン20、ボックス30それぞれのシール面22,32の締結前の状態を示す模式図である。図5Bは、図5Aに示すピン20、ボックス30それぞれのシール面22,32の締結過程での状態を示す模式図である。図5Cは、図5Aに示すピン20、ボックス30それぞれのシール面22,32の締結完了時の状態を示す模式図である。
接触圧増幅機構40は、締結完了直前にシール接触力を増加させる接触圧を増幅させる機構であり、その機構についてはいくつか考えられる。その一つに雄ねじ部21および雌ねじ部31それぞれのねじ形状を楔形ねじとすることが挙げられる。
20 ピン
21 雄ねじ部
21a 上段ねじ部
21b 下段ねじ部
22 シール面
22a テーパ面
23 曲率面
23a 後方曲率面
23b 前方曲率面
30 ボックス
31 雌ねじ部
31a 上段ねじ部
31b 下段ねじ部
32 シール面
32a テーパ面
33 曲率面
33a 前方曲率面
33b 後方曲率面
40 接触圧増幅機構
Claims (10)
- 2段ねじで形成された雄ねじ部と、この2段ねじの中間部に形成された、テーパ面およびこのテーパ面に隣接する曲率面を含むシール面と、を有するピンと;
2段ねじで形成された雌ねじ部と、この2段ねじの中間部に形成された、テーパ面およびこのテーパ面に隣接する曲率面を含むシール面と、を有するボックスと;
を備え、
前記ピンのテーパ面のテーパ角と、前記ボックスのテーパ面のテーパ角とは実質的に同一であり、
前記雄ねじ部と前記雌ねじ部とが螺合により締結され、この締結の過程で前記ピンのシール面と前記ボックスのシール面とが接触しながら、前記ピンと前記ボックスとが径方向に干渉することで、互いのシール面の少なくとも一部が全周にわたって密着する構造を有し、
更に、前記締結の途中の時点に比較して前記締結の完了時に、前記ピンのシール面と前記ボックスのシール面との接触圧を増加させる接触圧増幅機構を備えることを特徴とする鋼管用ねじ継手。 - 前記ピンの曲率面は、前記ピンの先端側に形成され、前記ボックスの曲率面は、前記ボックスの先端側に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鋼管用ねじ継手。
- 前記ピンの曲率面は、前記ピンの先端側と反対の側に形成され、前記ボックスの曲率面は、前記ボックスの先端側と反対の側に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鋼管用ねじ継手。
- 前記ピンの曲率面は、前記ピンのテーパ面の両側に隣接して形成され、前記ボックスのテーパ面の長さは、前記ピンのシール面の長さよりも長いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鋼管用ねじ継手。
- 前記ボックスの曲率面は、前記ボックスのテーパ面の両側に隣接して形成され、前記ピンのテーパ面の長さは、前記ボックスのシール面の長さよりも長いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鋼管用ねじ継手。
- 前記締結の完了時に、前記ピンのシール面と前記ボックスのシール面との接触面のうち、前記曲率面と前記テーパ面との接触部分においてピーク接触圧を発生させることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の鋼管用ねじ継手。
- 前記接触圧増幅機構は、前記雄ねじ部の前記シール面に隣接した箇所に形成された楔形ねじと、前記雌ねじ部の前記シール面に隣接した箇所に形成された楔形ねじとの締結によって、前記ピンのシール面と前記ボックスのシール面との接触圧を増加させることを特徴する請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の鋼管用ねじ継手。
- 前記接触圧増幅機構は、前記ピンのシール面および前記ボックスのシール面の前後いずれかに隣接するフックショルダによって、前記ピンのシール面と前記ボックスのシール面との接触圧を増加させることを特徴する請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の鋼管用ねじ継手。
- 前記雄ねじ部および前記雌ねじ部は、楔形ねじを含むことを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の鋼管用ねじ継手。
- 前記ピンのテーパ面のテーパ角および前記ボックスのテーパ面のテーパ角が2~10°であることを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の鋼管用ねじ継手。
Priority Applications (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA2885233A CA2885233C (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-11 | Screw joint for steel pipe |
MYPI2015700842A MY183842A (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-11 | Screw joint for steel pipe |
EA201590042A EA030268B1 (ru) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-11 | Резьбовое соединение для стальной трубы |
BR112015005736-5A BR112015005736B1 (pt) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-11 | junta de parafuso para tubo de aço |
IN1478DEN2015 IN2015DN01478A (ja) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-11 | |
AU2013319233A AU2013319233B2 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-11 | Screw Joint for Steel Pipe |
JP2014536785A JP5678241B2 (ja) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-11 | 鋼管用ねじ継手 |
EP13838729.5A EP2899440B1 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-11 | Threaded joint for steel pipe |
CN201380043220.6A CN104583662B (zh) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-11 | 钢管用螺纹接头 |
MX2015003383A MX363866B (es) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-11 | Junta de tornillo para tubería de acero. |
US14/424,158 US10077612B2 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-11 | Screw joint for steel pipe |
PL13838729T PL2899440T3 (pl) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-11 | Połączenie gwintowane do rur stalowych |
UAA201500247A UA110896C2 (uk) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-11-09 | Різьбове з'єднання для сталевої труби |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2012-208600 | 2012-09-21 | ||
JP2012208600 | 2012-09-21 |
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US (1) | US10077612B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2899440B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5678241B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104583662B (ja) |
AR (1) | AR092610A1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2013319233B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112015005736B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2885233C (ja) |
EA (1) | EA030268B1 (ja) |
IN (1) | IN2015DN01478A (ja) |
MX (1) | MX363866B (ja) |
MY (1) | MY183842A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2899440T3 (ja) |
UA (1) | UA110896C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014045973A1 (ja) |
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2013
- 2013-09-11 CN CN201380043220.6A patent/CN104583662B/zh active Active
- 2013-09-11 AU AU2013319233A patent/AU2013319233B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2013-09-11 JP JP2014536785A patent/JP5678241B2/ja active Active
- 2013-09-11 EP EP13838729.5A patent/EP2899440B1/en active Active
- 2013-09-11 PL PL13838729T patent/PL2899440T3/pl unknown
- 2013-09-11 MY MYPI2015700842A patent/MY183842A/en unknown
- 2013-09-11 MX MX2015003383A patent/MX363866B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2013-09-11 WO PCT/JP2013/074562 patent/WO2014045973A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-09-11 US US14/424,158 patent/US10077612B2/en active Active
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JPS4899716A (ja) * | 1972-03-31 | 1973-12-17 | ||
US4153283A (en) | 1976-09-14 | 1979-05-08 | Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft | Casing joint |
US4736967A (en) | 1986-12-04 | 1988-04-12 | The Hydril Company | Tubular pin configuration to prevent galling while ensuring sealing |
JPH10148281A (ja) * | 1996-11-20 | 1998-06-02 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 鋼管ネジ継手 |
JP2000130654A (ja) | 1998-10-28 | 2000-05-12 | Nippon Steel Corp | 耐焼付き性に優れた高クロム鋼ネジ継手 |
WO2002059519A1 (fr) | 2001-01-25 | 2002-08-01 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Joint filete pour tuyau en acier, dote d'une prehension et de resistances excellentes |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6037091B1 (ja) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-11-30 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 管ねじ継手 |
JP2017025643A (ja) * | 2015-07-27 | 2017-02-02 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 坑井の掘削方法、その掘削方法に用いられるドリルパイプ及びツールジョイント |
WO2017104282A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-22 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 鋼管用ねじ継手 |
JPWO2017104282A1 (ja) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-05-24 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 鋼管用ねじ継手 |
AU2016373923B2 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2019-08-29 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Threaded joint for steel pipe |
EP3392543A4 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2019-09-11 | Nippon Steel Corporation | SCREW CONNECTION FOR STEEL PIPES |
EA033731B1 (ru) * | 2015-12-15 | 2019-11-20 | Nippon Steel Corp | Резьбовое соединение для стальной трубы |
WO2017145192A1 (ja) * | 2016-02-23 | 2017-08-31 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 鋼管用ねじ継手 |
JPWO2017145192A1 (ja) * | 2016-02-23 | 2018-11-08 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 鋼管用ねじ継手 |
EA033926B1 (ru) * | 2016-02-23 | 2019-12-10 | Ниппон Стил Корпорейшн | Резьбовое соединение для стальных труб |
WO2021145163A1 (ja) | 2020-01-17 | 2021-07-22 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 管用ねじ継手 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104583662B (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
MX363866B (es) | 2019-04-05 |
MX2015003383A (es) | 2015-06-05 |
EA201590042A1 (ru) | 2015-07-30 |
EA030268B1 (ru) | 2018-07-31 |
EP2899440B1 (en) | 2021-07-21 |
AU2013319233B2 (en) | 2016-12-01 |
EP2899440A1 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
MY183842A (en) | 2021-03-17 |
AU2013319233A1 (en) | 2015-04-09 |
IN2015DN01478A (ja) | 2015-07-03 |
US10077612B2 (en) | 2018-09-18 |
US20150240570A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
JPWO2014045973A1 (ja) | 2016-08-18 |
CA2885233A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
UA110896C2 (uk) | 2016-02-25 |
PL2899440T3 (pl) | 2021-11-29 |
AR092610A1 (es) | 2015-04-29 |
BR112015005736A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
JP5678241B2 (ja) | 2015-02-25 |
BR112015005736B1 (pt) | 2021-03-09 |
EP2899440A4 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
CN104583662A (zh) | 2015-04-29 |
CA2885233C (en) | 2017-10-31 |
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