WO2014045947A1 - スラグ除去装置 - Google Patents
スラグ除去装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014045947A1 WO2014045947A1 PCT/JP2013/074411 JP2013074411W WO2014045947A1 WO 2014045947 A1 WO2014045947 A1 WO 2014045947A1 JP 2013074411 W JP2013074411 W JP 2013074411W WO 2014045947 A1 WO2014045947 A1 WO 2014045947A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- slag
- liquid
- hot air
- pulverized coal
- control valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/16—Tuyéres
- C21B7/163—Blowpipe assembly
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/24—Test rods or other checking devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
- F27B1/16—Arrangements of tuyeres
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
- F27B1/26—Arrangements of controlling devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
- F27D25/008—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag using fluids or gases, e.g. blowers, suction units
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a slag removing device for a blow pipe applied to a blast furnace facility, and more particularly to a slag removing device suitable for a blow pipe for blowing pulverized coal obtained by pulverizing low-grade coal as auxiliary fuel into a furnace together with hot air.
- Patent Document 1 As a method for removing the slag adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the blower tuyere or the inner peripheral surface of the heat insulating ring, a method as described in the following patent document is known.
- the method described in Patent Document 1 is to remove slag by driving a solid ball into the tuyere from the outer end of the tuyere.
- Patent Document 2 in order to remove the tuyere plugging material used as a tuyere melting preventive measure, an operator inserts a steel bar or the like through an opening window and punches it out.
- Patent Document 3 forms a leading hole that penetrates the blocking material using a rock drill to remove the tuyere blocking material used as a tuyere melting prevention measure. Then, the remaining part is blasted by spraying the blast material onto the leading hole by shot blasting.
- Patent Document 1 does not necessarily cause all solid balls to collide with the slag. Therefore, if there is a solid ball that does not collide with the slag, the solid ball may collide directly with the inner surface of the blow pipe, and there is a concern that the pipe or the like may be damaged by the collision of the solid ball.
- the target of the slag damaged by a solid ball is a blower tuyere and a heat insulation ring.
- the methods disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3 have a problem in terms of workability because manual work is indispensable.
- a slag removal device for blow pipes applied to blast furnace equipment reduces the risk of pipe breakage and the like, and enables easy and reliable slag removal with the simplest device configuration possible.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its object is to reduce the risk of pipe breakage and the like, and for a blow pipe that can achieve slag removal easily and reliably with a simple device configuration. It is providing the slag removal apparatus of this.
- the slag removal apparatus includes a blow pipe that blows pulverized coal as auxiliary fuel together with hot air from the tuyere of a blast furnace body that produces pig iron from iron ore, and the hot air and / or the slag of the pulverized coal
- the attached slag can be rapidly cooled by effectively utilizing the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid, and the solid slag can be destroyed and removed by thermal contraction. it can.
- the liquid is preferably a combustible liquid.
- a hot air can be heated when the combustible liquid which cooled the slag rapidly burns.
- the liquid ejection nozzle includes a liquid supply system that supplies liquid and includes an open / close control valve, and a slag detection unit that detects a slag state in the slag adhesion region, and is detected by the slag detection unit.
- the liquid is ejected by opening the open / close control valve, and when it is determined that the slag adhesion amount detected by the slag detection means is less than the slag removal stop threshold, It is preferable that the opening / closing control valve is closed to stop the ejection of the liquid. Thereby, the liquid can be ejected from the liquid ejecting nozzle only when the slag adhesion amount is large.
- the determination of the slag adhesion amount is made by a differential pressure between the hot air pressure upstream of the liquid jet nozzle and the hot air pressure in the vicinity of the outlet of the blow pipe.
- Said invention WHEREIN: It is preferable to provide the alarm output threshold value by which the said slag adhesion amount was set to the value larger than the said slag removal threshold value. Thereby, it can be detected that the slag removal by the liquid jet nozzle is not performed as scheduled.
- the slag is rapidly cooled using the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid, and the slag adhering as a solid is destroyed and removed by thermal contraction.
- the risk of pipe breakage or the like, which has been a concern when removing slag, is reduced, and the slag can be easily and reliably removed by a simple device configuration in which liquid is ejected from the nozzle.
- low grade coal with an ash melting point as low as about 1100 to 1300 ° C. such as subbituminous coal and lignite
- pulverized coal for auxiliary fuel by reforming it as raw coal. That is, oxygen contained in hot air of about 1200 ° C. into which auxiliary fuel is blown undergoes a combustion reaction with pulverized coal, so that the low melting point slag dissolved by the combustion heat generated by this combustion reaction comes into contact with the low temperature tuyere and is rapidly cooled.
- oxygen contained in hot air of about 1200 ° C. into which auxiliary fuel is blown undergoes a combustion reaction with pulverized coal, so that the low melting point slag dissolved by the combustion heat generated by this combustion reaction comes into contact with the low temperature tuyere and is rapidly cooled.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the slag removal apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a principal part enlarged view of the slag removal apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the blast furnace equipment with which the slag removal apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is applied.
- the slag removal apparatus of this embodiment is used for blast furnace equipment in which pulverized coal whose raw coal is low-grade coal is blown into the blast furnace together with hot air from the tuyere.
- a raw material 1 such as iron ore, limestone, and coal is supplied from a raw material fixed supply device 10 to a furnace top hopper 21 provided at the top of a blast furnace body 20 via a carry-in conveyor 11.
- the lower side wall of the blast furnace main body 20 is provided with a plurality of tuyere 22 arranged at substantially equal pitches in the circumferential direction.
- Each tuyere 22 is connected to a downstream end of a blow pipe 30 that supplies hot air 2 into the blast furnace body 20.
- the upstream end of each blow pipe 30 is connected to a hot air supply device 40 that is a supply source of the hot air 2 supplied to the inside of the blast furnace body 20.
- pretreatment such as evaporation of moisture in the coal from raw coal (low-grade coal such as subbituminous coal and lignite) is performed, and after this pretreatment, low-grade coal is A pulverized coal production apparatus 50 that is pulverized into pulverized coal is installed.
- the reformed pulverized coal (modified coal) 3 produced by the pulverized coal production apparatus 50 is gas-transported to the cyclone separator 60 by a carrier gas 4 such as nitrogen gas. After the gas transported pulverized coal 3 is separated from the transported gas 4 by the cyclone separator 60, it is dropped into the storage tank 70 and stored.
- the pulverized coal 3 after such reforming is used as blast furnace blown coal (PCI charcoal) of the blast furnace body 20.
- the pulverized coal 3 in the storage tank 70 is supplied into the injection lance (hereinafter referred to as “lance”) 31 of the blow pipe 30 described above.
- the pulverized coal 3 is combusted by being supplied into the hot air flowing through the blow pipe 30 and forms a flame at the tip of the blow pipe 30 to form a raceway.
- the coal etc. which are contained in the raw material 1 thrown in in the blast furnace main body 20 are burned.
- the iron ore contained in the raw material 1 is reduced to become pig iron (molten metal) 5 and taken out from the tap outlet 23.
- a suitable property of the pulverized coal 3 that is supplied from the lance 31 to the inside of the blow pipe 30 and becomes the blast furnace blowing coal that is, a modified pulverized coal (auxiliary fuel) obtained by reforming and pulverizing low-grade coal.
- the oxygen atom content (dry base) is 10 to 18% by weight
- the average pore diameter is 10 to 50 nm (nanometers).
- a more preferable average pore diameter of the modified pulverized coal is 20 to 50 nm (nanometers).
- Such pulverized coal 3 is largely reduced in the main skeleton (C, H, O) although the tar-generating groups of the oxygen-containing functional groups (carboxyl group, aldehyde group, ester group, hydroxyl group, etc.) are greatly reduced.
- the decomposition (decrease) of the combustion component is greatly suppressed. For this reason, when the hot air 2 is blown into the blast furnace body 20 from the tuyere 22, the main skeleton contains a large amount of oxygen atoms, and the oxygen in the hot air 2 easily diffuses into the charcoal due to the large-diameter pores.
- tar content is very difficult to generate, complete combustion can be achieved with almost no unburned carbon (soot).
- low-grade coal such as sub-bituminous coal or lignite as raw coal (dry base oxygen atom content ratio: 18% by weight)
- a drying step is carried out by heating (110 to 200 ° C. ⁇ 0.5 to 1 hour) in a low oxygen atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 5% by volume or less.
- the raw coal After removing moisture in the above-described drying step, the raw coal is heated again in a low oxygen atmosphere (oxygen concentration: 2% by volume or less) (460 to 590 ° C. (preferably 500 to 550 ° C.)) ⁇ 0.5 to 1
- a dry distillation step is carried out.
- the raw coal is carbonized by this carbonization process, so that generated water, carbon dioxide and tar are removed as carbonized gas or carbonized oil.
- the raw coal that has advanced to the cooling step is cooled (50 ° C. or lower) in a low oxygen atmosphere having an oxygen concentration of 2% by volume or less, and then finely pulverized (particle size: 77 ⁇ m or less (80%) Pass)) and is easily manufactured.
- the blow pipe 30 is used for the purpose of removing the slag S attached to the inner wall surface of the blow pipe 30, which is a slag adhesion region, the tuyere 22 and the inner wall surface in the vicinity thereof.
- a liquid jet nozzle 80 is provided for blowing the liquid 6 into the interior.
- the liquid jet nozzle 80 is for effectively cooling the slag adhering to the vicinity of the blow pipe 30 and the tuyere 22 using the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid.
- One or more are provided as appropriate in the direction.
- examples of the suitable liquid 6 ejected from the liquid ejection nozzle 80 include flammable liquids such as water or heavy oil.
- the liquid injection nozzle 80 is provided with a lance 31 for supplying the pulverized coal 3 in the axial direction of the blow pipe 30 so that the outlet opening of the nozzle tip 81 that injects the liquid is not blocked by the pulverized coal 3 or the slag S. It is desirable to be installed at a position substantially coincident with the tip portion 31a.
- the nozzle tip 81 of the liquid ejection nozzle 80 preferably has a nozzle shape that ejects a rod-like liquid in the direction of the tuyere 22, and the ejection direction may be variable as necessary. In the case where the ejection direction of the nozzle tip 81 is variable, for example, there is one that swings or turns using the supply pressure of the liquid.
- the radial position where the liquid jet nozzle 80 is installed does not become a flow path resistance of the hot air 2, and the blow pipe can be directly irradiated toward the slag S attached to the wall surface of the blow pipe 30. A position close to 30 wall surfaces is desirable.
- the liquid jet nozzle 80 is connected to the liquid supply source 90 via a liquid supply pipe 91.
- the liquid supply pipe 91 includes, as main components, a delivery pump 92 for pressure-feeding the liquid in the liquid supply source 90 to the liquid ejection nozzle 80, and a liquid supply to the liquid ejection nozzle 80 by an open / close switching operation.
- a control valve 93 for controlling (on / off). The opening / closing control of the control valve 93 is performed based on the value of the differential pressure ⁇ P measured by the differential pressure gauge 94.
- two pressure introducing pipes 94a and 94b are connected to the differential pressure gauge 94 so as to measure a differential pressure ⁇ P between the hot air mother pipe 100 and the blow pipe downstream position in the vicinity of the tuyere 22 of the blow pipe 30. ing.
- the liquid ejection nozzle 80 supplies the liquid to be ejected and includes a liquid supply system including the control valve (open / close control valve) 93, and a differential pressure gauge (slag detection means) 94 that detects the slag state in the slag adhesion region. And. The determination of the amount of slag adhesion is made based on the differential pressure between the hot air pressure upstream of the liquid jet nozzle 80 and the hot air pressure near the outlet of the blow pipe 30.
- the opening / closing control of the control valve 93 based on the threshold value of the differential pressure ⁇ P and the differential pressure ⁇ P measured by the differential pressure gauge 94 will be specifically described.
- the operation of the delivery pump 92 is started so that the liquid is ejected from the liquid ejection nozzle 80.
- two threshold values that is, a first threshold value (slag removal threshold value) HL for opening the control valve 93 in the closed state, and a second threshold value (slag removal stop threshold value) LL for closing the control valve 93 in the open state. And are set.
- the first threshold value (slag removal threshold value) HL opens the control valve 93 provided as an open / close control valve when it is determined that the slag adhesion amount detected by the differential pressure gauge 94 of the slag detection means is equal to or greater than the slag removal threshold value.
- the second threshold value (slag removal stop threshold value) LL closes the control valve 93 and ejects liquid when it is determined that the amount of slag adhesion detected by the differential pressure gauge 94 of the slag detection means is smaller than the slag removal stop threshold value. This is a threshold value for stopping.
- the control valve 93 is set to the closed state, and the differential pressure ⁇ P detected by the differential pressure gauge 94 is lower than the second threshold LL. Moreover, there is almost no differential pressure ( ⁇ P ⁇ 0).
- the slag S gradually adheres and accumulates on the wall surface at the blow pipe 30 and the tuyere 22, and as a result, the flow path resistance decreases due to the decrease in the cross-sectional area of the flow path. Will gradually increase. Therefore, when the value of the differential pressure ⁇ P detected by the differential pressure gauge 94 increases and reaches the first threshold value HL, an open signal of the control valve 93 is output from the differential pressure gauge 94 that has detected this. With this open signal, the control valve 93 is opened, and the delivery pump 92 is also activated at the same time.
- the liquid stored in the liquid supply source 90 is ejected from the liquid ejecting nozzle 80 toward the inside of the blow pipe 30, and therefore, when the ejected liquid hits the slag S to which it adheres, it takes away latent heat of evaporation. Cool quickly. This rapid cooling causes the glassy solid and brittle slag S to undergo thermal contraction rapidly, so that the slag S is broken and removed from the wall surface. That is, the slag S that is broken and becomes a relatively small lump is removed into the furnace of the blast furnace body 20 by the hot air 2 or the flow of liquid.
- the first threshold value HL described above is slightly larger (HL> LL) in order to prevent frequent opening and closing of the control valve 93 by providing hysteresis between the first threshold value HL and the second threshold value LL that opens the control valve 93. Is set to
- liquid jet nozzle 80 that rapidly cools the slag S by using the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid, supply equipment such as blast for blowing a solid ball or a polishing material becomes unnecessary.
- liquid such as water or combustible liquid becomes steam or combustion gas after jetting, post-treatment after slag removal is extremely easy.
- a flammable liquid such as heavy oil is used as the liquid, the temperature of the hot air can be further increased by burning the flammable liquid.
- two threshold values are set, which are the first threshold value HL for opening the control valve 93 in the closed state and the second threshold value LL for closing the control valve 93 in the open state.
- a third threshold value HHL may be set.
- the third threshold value HHL is a set value (HHL> HL) that is larger than the first threshold value HL that opens the control valve 93 in the closed state. It can be judged that there is a problem in the removal or the like. Therefore, when the differential pressure ⁇ P exceeds the third threshold value HHL, for example, by outputting an alarm to the control room of the blast furnace equipment, etc., it becomes possible to implement necessary measures as soon as possible. It is possible to prevent serious troubles in the blast furnace equipment. That is, the third threshold value HHL is an alarm output threshold value in which the slag adhesion amount is set to a value larger than the first threshold value (slag removal threshold value) HL described above.
- the slag removing apparatus of the present embodiment includes the blow pipe 30 that blows the auxiliary fuel pulverized coal 3 together with hot air from the tuyere 22 of the blast furnace body 20 that produces pig iron from iron ore.
- a liquid jet nozzle 80 for jetting liquid toward a slag adhesion region in the blow pipe 30 is provided for a blow pipe containing a component that is melted by hot air and / or pulverized coal combustion heat.
- the liquid jet nozzle 80 is a slag removing device that rapidly cools the attached slag by effectively utilizing the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid and destroys and removes the solid slag by thermal contraction.
- the attached slag S can be destroyed and removed without adjusting the softening point of the pulverized coal 3.
- the maintenance period can be extended to the wear life of the tuyere 22. It becomes possible.
- the component contained in the slag S of the pulverized coal 3 and melted by the hot air 2 or the combustion heat of the pulverized coal 3, that is, the low melting point slag component generally has an ash melting point when the hot air 2 of about 1200 ° C. is used. It is about 1100-1300 ° C.
- Such a low-melting-point slag component is also included in reformed coal that has been subjected to reforming treatment such as drying or dry distillation using low-grade coal such as subbituminous coal or lignite as the raw coal of pulverized coal 3.
- reforming treatment such as drying or dry distillation using low-grade coal such as subbituminous coal or lignite as the raw coal of pulverized coal 3.
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Description
このような高炉設備において、微粉炭の吹き込み運転をする際、微粉炭として亜瀝青炭や褐炭などの一般的に灰融点が1100~1300℃程度と低い低品位炭を使用した場合には、微粉炭を炉内に吹き込むために使用する約1200℃の熱風中に含まれる酸素と微粉炭の一部とが燃焼反応を示す。これにより、この時に生じる燃焼熱で融点の低い灰(以下、「スラグ」と呼ぶ)がインジェクションランスや羽口内で溶解する。
特許文献1に記載された手法は、羽口の炉外側端部から羽口内部に固球を打ち込むことでスラグを除去するものである。
また、特許文献3に開示された従来技術は、羽口の溶損防止策として用いた羽口閉塞材を除去するため、削岩機を用いて閉塞材を貫通する先導孔を形成し、この後、先導孔に対してショットブラストにより研掃材を吹き付けることで残りを研掃するものである。
また、特許文献2及び3に開示された手法は、人手による作業が欠かせないものであるから、作業性の面で問題がある。
本発明は、上記の課題を解決するためになされたもので、その目的とするところは、パイプ破損等のリスクを低減し、簡単な装置構成で容易かつ確実にスラグ除去を達成できるブローパイプ用のスラグ除去装置を提供することにある。
本発明の一態様に係るスラグ除去装置は、鉄鉱石から銑鉄を製造する高炉本体の羽口から熱風とともに補助燃料の微粉炭を吹き込むブローパイプを備え、前記微粉炭のスラグに前記熱風及び/または前記微粉炭の燃焼熱により溶融する成分を含んでいるブローパイプ用のスラグ除去装置であって、前記ブローパイプ内のスラグ付着領域に向けて液体を噴射する液体噴射ノズルを設けたものである。
これにより、スラグを急冷した可燃性液体が燃焼することにより、熱風を加熱することができる。
これにより、スラグ付着量が多い必要時にのみ液体噴射ノズルから液体を噴射することができる。
これにより、スラグ付着量の増加により流路断面積が減少し、ブローパイプの圧力損失が増加していることを確実に検出できる。
これにより、液体噴射ノズルによるスラグ除去が予定通り行われていないことを検出できる。
本実施形態のスラグ除去装置は、原料炭が低品位炭の微粉炭を羽口から高炉内に熱風とともに吹き込む高炉設備に用いられる。
例えば図3に示すような高炉設備において、鉄鉱石、石灰石及び石炭等の原料1は、原料定量供給装置10から搬入コンベア11を介して高炉本体20の頂部に設けた炉頂ホッパ21に供給される。高炉本体20の下部側壁には、円周方向に略等ピッチで配設された複数の羽口22を備えている。各羽口22には、高炉本体20の内部へ熱風2を供給するブローパイプ30の下流側端部が連結されている。また、各ブローパイプ30の上流側端部は、高炉本体20の内部へ供給する熱風2の供給源である熱風送給装置40と接続されている。
微粉炭製造装置50で製造された改質後の微粉炭(改質炭)3は、窒素ガス等の搬送ガス4によりサイクロンセパレータ60へと気体搬送される。気体搬送された微粉炭3は、サイクロンセパレータ60で搬送ガス4を分離した後、貯蔵タンク70内に落下して貯蔵される。このような改質後の微粉炭3は、高炉本体20の高炉吹込炭(PCI炭)として使用される。
このような微粉炭3は、含酸素官能基(カルボキシル基、アルデヒド基、エステル基、水酸基等)のタール生成基が離脱して大きく減少しているものの、主骨格(C,H,Oを中心とする燃焼成分)の分解(減少)が大きく抑制されている。このため、高炉本体20の内部に羽口22から熱風2とともに吹き込むと、主骨格中に酸素原子を多く含むとともに、径の大きい細孔によって、熱風2の酸素が炭の内部にまで拡散しやすいだけでなく、タール分が非常に生じにくくなっているので、未燃炭素(煤)をほとんど生じることなく完全燃焼することができる。
この後、冷却工程に進んだ原料炭は、酸素濃度が2体積%以下の低酸素雰囲気中で冷却(50℃以下)された後、微粉砕工程で微粉砕(粒径:77μm以下(80%パス))されることによって容易に製造される。
この場合、液体噴射ノズル80から噴射する好適な液体6としては、水または重油等の可燃性液体を例示できる。
また、液体噴射ノズル80を設置する半径方向の位置は、熱風2の流路抵抗とならないように、そして、ブローパイプ30の壁面に付着したスラグSに向けて直射できるようにするため、ブローパイプ30の壁面から近い位置が望ましい。
制御弁93の開閉制御は、差圧計94で計測した差圧ΔPの値により行われる。この差圧計94には、例えば熱風母管100とブローパイプ30の羽口22近傍であるブローパイプ下流位置との差圧ΔPを測定するように、2本の圧力導入管94a,94bが接続されている。
そして、スラグ付着量が判断は、液体噴射ノズル80より上流側の熱風圧力と、ブローパイプ30の出口近傍熱風圧力との差圧によりなされる。
こうして計測した差圧ΔPは、予め定めた閾値との比較により、上述した制御弁93の開閉操作に使用される。
本実施形態では、二つの閾値、すなわち、閉状態の制御弁93を開く第1の閾値(スラグ除去閾値)HLと、開状態の制御弁93を閉じる第2の閾値(スラグ除去停止閾値)LLと、が設定されている。
また、第2の閾値(スラグ除去停止閾値)LLは、スラグ検出手段の差圧計94で検出したスラグ付着量がスラグ除去停止閾値より少ないと判断した場合、制御弁93を閉じて液体の噴射を停止するための閾値である。
そして、スラグSの付着がない運転開始時(初期設定時)には、制御弁93が閉状態に設定されており、さらに、差圧計94で検出した差圧ΔPは第2の閾値LLより低く、しかも、ほとんど差圧がない状態(ΔP≒0)となっている。
この開信号により、制御弁93が開とされ、同時に送出ポンプ92も起動される。この結果、液体供給源90内に貯蔵されている液体は、液体噴射ノズル80よりブローパイプ30の内部に向けて噴射されるので、噴射された液体が付着したスラグSに当たると蒸発潜熱を奪って急冷する。この急冷により、ガラス状の固体で脆いスラグSが急激に熱収縮するので、スラグSは破損して壁面から除去される。すなわち、破損して比較的小さな塊となったスラグSは、熱風2や液体の流れによって高炉本体20の炉内へ除去される。
上述した第1の閾値HLは、制御弁93を開状態とする第2の閾値LLとの間にヒステリシスを設けて制御弁93の頻繁な開閉を防止するため、若干大きな値(HL>LL)に設定されている。
特に、液体として重油等の可燃性液体を採用すれば、可燃性液体が燃焼することで熱風の温度をさらに上昇させることができる。
第3の閾値HHLは、閉状態の制御弁93を開く第1の閾値HLより大きな設定値(HHL>HL)であり、この閾値HHLを超えた差圧ΔPを検出した場合には、スラグSの除去等に問題があると判断できる。従って、差圧ΔPが第3の閾値HHLを超えた場合には、例えば高炉設備の制御室等にアラームを出力することで早急に必要な対応を実施できるようになるので、ブローパイプ30の破損といった高炉設備の重大なトラブルを未然に防止することが可能になる。すなわち、第3の閾値HHLは、スラグ付着量が上述した第1の閾値(スラグ除去閾値)HLより大きい値に設定されたアラーム出力閾値である。
この結果、微粉炭3の軟化点調整を行わなくても、付着したスラグSを破壊して除去することができるので、ブローパイプ30については、例えば羽口22の摩耗寿命までメンテナンス期間の延長が可能となる。
本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されることはなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において適宜変更することができる。
2 熱風
3 微粉炭(改質炭)
4 搬送ガス
5 銑鉄(溶銑)
6 液体
10 原料定量供給装置
20 高炉本体
21 炉頂ホッパ
22 羽口
30 ブローパイプ
31 インジェクションランス(ランス)
40 熱風送給装置
50 微粉炭製造装置
60 サイクロンセパレータ
70 貯蔵タンク
80 液体噴射ノズル
81 ノズル先端
90 液体供給源
92 送出ポンプ
93 制御弁
94 差圧計
S スラグ(灰)
Claims (5)
- 鉄鉱石から銑鉄を製造する高炉本体の羽口から熱風とともに補助燃料の微粉炭を吹き込むブローパイプを備え、前記微粉炭のスラグに前記熱風及び/または前記微粉炭の燃焼熱により溶融する成分を含んでいるブローパイプ用のスラグ除去装置であって、
前記ブローパイプ内のスラグ付着領域に向けて液体を噴射する液体噴射ノズルを設けたスラグ除去装置。 - 前記液体が可燃性液体である請求項1に記載のスラグ除去装置。
- 前記液体噴射ノズルは、液体を供給するとともに開閉制御弁を備えた液体供給系と、前記スラグ付着領域のスラグ状況を検出するスラグ検出手段とを備え、
前記スラグ検出手段で検出したスラグ付着量がスラグ除去閾値以上と判断した場合、前記開閉制御弁を開いて前記液体が噴射され、前記スラグ検出手段で検出したスラグ付着量がスラグ除去停止閾値より少ないと判断した場合、前記開閉制御弁を閉じて前記液体の噴射が停止される請求項1または2に記載のスラグ除去装置。 - 前記スラグ付着量の判断は、前記液体噴射ノズルより上流側の熱風圧力と、前記ブローパイプの出口近傍熱風圧力との差圧によりなされる請求項3に記載のスラグ除去装置。
- 前記スラグ付着量が前記スラグ除去閾値より大きい値に設定されたアラーム出力閾値を備えている請求項3または4に記載のスラグ除去装置。
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| IN449DEN2015 IN2015DN00449A (ja) | 2012-09-20 | 2013-09-10 | |
| US14/417,946 US20150284816A1 (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2013-09-10 | Slag removal device |
| KR20157002037A KR20150027252A (ko) | 2012-09-20 | 2013-09-10 | 슬래그 제거장치 |
| CN201380033941.9A CN104411839B (zh) | 2012-09-20 | 2013-09-10 | 炉渣去除装置 |
| DE112013004600.8T DE112013004600T5 (de) | 2012-09-20 | 2013-09-10 | Schlackeentfernungsvorrichtung |
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| PCT/JP2013/074411 Ceased WO2014045947A1 (ja) | 2012-09-20 | 2013-09-10 | スラグ除去装置 |
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| US (1) | US20150284816A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6016549B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20150027252A (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN104411839B (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112013004600T5 (ja) |
| IN (1) | IN2015DN00449A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2014045947A1 (ja) |
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| JP6057642B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-20 | 2017-01-11 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | スラグ除去装置及びスラグ除去方法 |
| RU2678548C1 (ru) | 2015-02-17 | 2019-01-29 | Тата Стил Лимитед | Способ и устройство удаления закупорки в фурме |
| CN110257576B (zh) * | 2019-07-18 | 2024-02-20 | 辽宁科技大学 | 一种异径同步耦合高炉风口喷吹装置及喷吹方法 |
| CN115076704A (zh) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-20 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | 燃煤锅炉 |
| CN117025868B (zh) * | 2023-08-21 | 2025-11-25 | 广东中南钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种高炉出铁的浮渣处理方法、装置、设备及存储介质 |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62161905A (ja) * | 1986-01-10 | 1987-07-17 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 高炉送風羽口の堆積物除去装置 |
| JPH08100208A (ja) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-04-16 | Nkk Corp | 高炉微粉炭吹込み用羽口部構造 |
| JPH1150113A (ja) * | 1997-08-02 | 1999-02-23 | Nippon Steel Corp | 微粉炭の高炉内吹き込み方法 |
| JP2001342508A (ja) * | 2000-06-05 | 2001-12-14 | Nkk Corp | 高炉送風羽口の開孔装置およびその方法 |
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| US4072502A (en) * | 1973-03-26 | 1978-02-07 | Skf Industrial Trading And Development Co. B.V. | Method apparatus for increasing blast gas temperature in a shaft furnace |
| CN101914645B (zh) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-07-04 | 江苏沙钢集团有限公司 | 堵塞及贯通高炉风口的方法和装置 |
| JP6057642B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-20 | 2017-01-11 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | スラグ除去装置及びスラグ除去方法 |
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- 2013-09-10 DE DE112013004600.8T patent/DE112013004600T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-09-10 WO PCT/JP2013/074411 patent/WO2014045947A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2013-09-10 US US14/417,946 patent/US20150284816A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-09-10 KR KR20157002037A patent/KR20150027252A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2013-09-10 CN CN201380033941.9A patent/CN104411839B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62161905A (ja) * | 1986-01-10 | 1987-07-17 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 高炉送風羽口の堆積物除去装置 |
| JPH08100208A (ja) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-04-16 | Nkk Corp | 高炉微粉炭吹込み用羽口部構造 |
| JPH1150113A (ja) * | 1997-08-02 | 1999-02-23 | Nippon Steel Corp | 微粉炭の高炉内吹き込み方法 |
| JP2001342508A (ja) * | 2000-06-05 | 2001-12-14 | Nkk Corp | 高炉送風羽口の開孔装置およびその方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20150284816A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
| KR20150027252A (ko) | 2015-03-11 |
| IN2015DN00449A (ja) | 2015-06-26 |
| CN104411839A (zh) | 2015-03-11 |
| DE112013004600T5 (de) | 2015-06-11 |
| JP2014062289A (ja) | 2014-04-10 |
| CN104411839B (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
| JP6016549B2 (ja) | 2016-10-26 |
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