WO2014037582A2 - Récepteur d'un rayonnement solaire concentré - Google Patents

Récepteur d'un rayonnement solaire concentré Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014037582A2
WO2014037582A2 PCT/EP2013/068721 EP2013068721W WO2014037582A2 WO 2014037582 A2 WO2014037582 A2 WO 2014037582A2 EP 2013068721 W EP2013068721 W EP 2013068721W WO 2014037582 A2 WO2014037582 A2 WO 2014037582A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
receiver according
receiver
absorber
gas
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2013/068721
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2014037582A3 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Bech
Original Assignee
Ulrich Bech
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ulrich Bech filed Critical Ulrich Bech
Publication of WO2014037582A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014037582A2/fr
Publication of WO2014037582A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014037582A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S2023/88—Multi reflective traps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S2080/01—Selection of particular materials
    • F24S2080/011—Ceramics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/10—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material
    • F24S70/16—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material made of ceramic; made of concrete; made of natural stone
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a receiver according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • 'CSP' Concentrated Solar Power
  • the cooling with molten salts has the advantage that they are stable up to about 600 ° C and can be used as a storage medium.
  • Test facilities with heated molten salts are planned for temperatures up to 570 ° C.
  • the required salt mixtures have solidification points> 140 ° C, which makes the required equipment for storage very expensive.
  • US Patent Application No. 2006/0174866 describes a high temperature volumetric solar receiver having a cavity for absorbing heat, a two-ply window, and an inlet and an outlet communicating with the cavity. Between the window layers, a cavity is provided, which has an outlet to the heat-absorbing cavity. Through an inlet, a fluid can be introduced into the cavity between the window layers, which passes into the cavity via the outlet. In this way, the temperature at the window can be kept low and overheating can be avoided. Through a plurality of small fluid inlets, the heat-absorbing cavity communicates with a further cavity arranged behind it, in which a material of high storage capacity is stored. As a result, energy can be produced even if the sunlight is not available for a short time.
  • US Pat. No. 3,981,151 The aim of US Pat. No. 3,981,151 is to increase the yield of agricultural crops by applying light to them at night.
  • An energy conversion system is proposed in which solar energy is focused on a latticework of refractory bricks, which then heat a stream of air drawn through the latticework. The hot air stream is then passed through a pile of pebbles, which stores the heat.
  • an energy conversion system eg, a steam or gas turbine. and then converted into electrical energy in one. This allows plants to be irradiated with artificial light during the night.
  • US 4,312,324 relates to an open solar receiver which is protected from wind.
  • the solar receiver consists of a cavity, an inlet, a heat exchanger arranged in the cavity in the form of a ceramic honeycomb structure and a frusto-conical concentrator. Sunlight reflected by a mirror field is focused on the heat exchanger, which is thereby warmed up. Air, which is drawn in the circuit through the heat exchanger and a heat storage, heats the heat storage to about 1100 ° C. The latter can then be decoupled and connected to a gas turbine to recover electrical energy.
  • US 4,401,103 describes a system consisting of an array of collectors that can follow the sun gear, focus the received sunlight, and then aim at a target.
  • the system further includes a storage chamber and means for circulating fluid between the target and the storage chamber.
  • the high-temperature storage is interesting by the correspondingly high heat capacity, but requires adequate thermal insulation. The inevitable cooling can be used for preheating. description
  • a receiver for collecting concentrated solar radiation from a surrounding mirror array comprising a container with at least one light inlet opening, and an inlet and an outlet for a cooling medium;
  • the inventive receiver is further characterized in that the absorber body are joined together to form an absorber stack.
  • the receiver according to the invention has the great advantage that it can absorb highly concentrated solar radiation and dissipate the heat through the existing channels and, for example, can heat up directly adjacent thermal storage elements.
  • the storage elements can be present in the same or in an adjacent container. Preferably, they are in direct contact with the absorber bodies.
  • the stored thermal energy may then be used to operate, for example, a gas turbine when the sun is no longer shining.
  • Heat storage elements are advantageously provided in the receiver, in which the collected heat can be stored. Conveniently, the
  • Heat storage elements adjacent, e.g. above or below the absorber body and in a common container, arranged.
  • the heat storage elements are designed to accommodate temperatures> 1000 ° C and preferably> 1250 ° C can.
  • the inventive receiver at much higher
  • Temperatures work as previously known receivers.
  • a plurality of absorber bodies is provided, which absorber bodies are joined together to form an absorber stack.
  • the desired high outlet temperature can be adjusted according to the needs of a gas turbine.
  • the absorber body is formed as a ceramic element or consisting of such. Ceramic elements have the advantage that these are very high
  • a single absorber body may comprise a support structure and inserts.
  • the inserts which are advantageously designed as high-temperature-resistant ceramic elements, are preferably fastened in a form-fitting manner to the support structure and form their temperature-resistant surface which corresponds to the incident,
  • the inserts are equipped with vertical channels for a heat transfer medium, so that the heat can be dissipated as efficiently as possible.
  • a short-circuited cooling circuit with corresponding channels of the absorber stack is present in the receiver, which
  • Channels with the heat storage elements in preferably direct connection. This has the advantage that the entire (gas) cooling circuit does not require valves, and the receiver is therefore suitable for operation with temperatures> 1400 ° C.
  • the absorber body has a Lichtfanggeometrie which is suitable to capture incident light by multiple reflection on black areas and convert it into heat. This can ensure that essentially all the incident radiation energy, or at least more than 90% and
  • Inner wall of the flanks preferably polished or mirrored.
  • the absorber body has vertical channels for the passage of a cooling medium. This can prevent that the absorber body heats up too much.
  • the bottom region in the form of a dovetail, a reflection of the incident light to the outside can be largely prevented.
  • Receiver interior which is divided by a wall in an absorber region and a gas backflow region, wherein the cooling medium from the inlet is preferably passed into the absorber region, from there into the gas backflow region and then to the outlet.
  • a combustion chamber and a supply line for the fuel are provided in the above-mentioned combustion chamber in the gas backflow region of the receiver as an option.
  • the receiver is always ready for power / power generation even in unfavorable weather conditions.
  • the absorber body are preferably attached to the wall by positive engagement. This has the advantage that they can expand when heated and there is no danger that the cohesion of
  • Absorber body could take damage.
  • the Lichteintrittsöffhung are formed by a plurality of successively and spaced apart transparent discs.
  • the light inlet opening is formed by at least three panes, wherein the intermediate spaces between the panes of a cooling medium can be flowed through. Due to the outer pressure window held in the temperature range ⁇ 500 ° C, the receiver can be sealed in a gastight manner against the environment.
  • the outlet of the receiver is preferably connected to a heat storage and / or a gas turbine.
  • the inlet of the receiver is connected to the outlet of a compressor or a pump. This means that the gas leaving the gas turbine is recycled again after cooling in a steam generator.
  • the inlet and outlet are connected to tubes for the circulation of molten salt as the cooling medium, which are preferably accommodated in the channels.
  • preconcentrators are provided in front of the light entry openings. These have the purpose of the incident
  • the preconcentrators each have a kelchförmiges
  • Lichteinfangteil This can for example have a hexagonal geometry.
  • the Lichteinfangmaschine form juxtaposed a honeycomb structure. Through this dense packing of Lichteinfangmaschine the incident solar radiation can be captured for the most part.
  • High-temperature storage in conjunction respectively includes such.
  • the high-temperature storage allows the storage of thermal energy and its use at a time when there is no more solar radiation. This leads to a desired equalization of
  • the receiver is designed as a sufficiently stable pressure vessel.
  • the receiver can serve as a freestanding tower receiver and may be equipped with a gas turbine.
  • the high-temperature reservoir is formed by a plurality of ceramic components arranged above and next to each other, which are arranged in a housing.
  • an annular space is provided between the housing wall of the receiver and the high-temperature accumulator.
  • the annulus serves as remindstrom Scheme for a
  • Heat transfer medium in the high-temperature storage from inside to outside leading channels for the heated medium are provided, which are in communication with the annulus.
  • Heat transfer medium can be achieved.
  • the annular space is via a manifold with the
  • a chimney-like interior is provided in the center of the high-temperature storage.
  • the housing of the high-temperature reservoir is internally provided with cooling, e.g. spirally ascending along the inner wall of the housing
  • the present invention proposes an integrated concept, which is preferably structured in a pre-concentrator stage in front of the actual absorber stack, which captures the solar radiation reflected by the mirrors over a wide area and directs it to round windows of the pressure vessel.
  • the pressure vessel preferably contains a pressure-charged inert gas filling, which heats a steam turbine via a gas turbine stage (in the closed circuit), which operates a downstream steam turbine.
  • the conversion of radiant energy to heat occurs in concave-shaped high temperature ceramic absorbers while further concentrating the radiation in the concave opening.
  • the bottom region of such an absorber is preferably designed as a 'black body'.
  • the geometry of the absorber is preferably such that multiple reflections almost completely convert the entered radiation into heat. Roughening or napping structures can assist in the process of light trapping. This fulfills the second task, none Solar radiation, and little low-frequency radiation, to let outward. High-quality thermal insulation and an integrated cooling system used for preheating support this task.
  • the strong overheating of the absorber bottom area is used to heat up the compressed gas efficiently in a short time pass and direct it directly into the center of the flanged high-temperature reservoir. This serves both to compensate for solar energy fluctuations (eg cloud passage) and for the efficient storage of high temperature heat for use after sunset, Then the closed compressed gas cycle can continue to operate until the memory is cooled down to temperatures that continue operation of the gas turbine stage no longer make sense. Preferably, these are evening hours to so-called peak load times, when the highest electricity prices can be achieved.
  • the compressed gas circulation can be switched to air intake and fuel injection into the gas return flow range can cause a temperature increase corresponding to a conventional aircraft engine.
  • the specific fuel consumption is significantly lower than with conventional gas turbines.
  • the exhaust gases of the gas turbine are used in any case to generate optimally superheated steam before they are cooled down in the preheating of the steam generator to condenser temperature. This keeps the energy consumption low for the subsequent first compressor stage.
  • the second compressor stage is coupled to the high-speed gas turbine after an intermediate cooling. Excess energy is preferably decoupled via a hydraulic element and used to drive the low-speed compressor on the ground and or as a support of the generator drive, this has the advantage that a gas turbine transmission can be omitted.
  • the plant described can therefore extend the useful life of the high-efficiency gas turbine stage from the high-temperature storage by several hours and deliver energy in the peak peak load periods.
  • the option to switch The gas turbine on additional fuel opens the possibility for further expansion of the period of use or use as 'emergency generator', which can be started at any time. Since according to the invention all the essential components including the electrical infrastructure are available, the additional investment for this valuable option remains low.
  • Molten salt cooled receiver ready to provide.
  • This also has a gas circulation for cooling and storage, but with lower pressure.
  • salt melt leading tubes are embedded.
  • These can be advantageously directly connected to a designed for salts 'high-temperature storage' (about 600 ° C). This temperature range is suitable for steam overheating.
  • the molten salt circulation can be operated extended in this temperature range from the compensation reservoir of the gas cooling which is installed as an option.
  • the invention it is possible to design compact receivers with high efficiency for areas with regularly intense solar radiation.
  • the higher energy concentration is advantageously achieved by means of a double pass of the compressed gas through the absorber stack (upwards in the outdoor area, down in the floor area) and stored at temperatures of up to 1400 ° C., resulting in a significantly increased efficiency of the gas turbine operation and an increase in output.
  • the much higher temperatures are possible by modifications to the absorber and the arrangement of high-temperature ceramic parts at the critical points of the gas cycle: inserts have a heat insulation on the back so that radiated energy can only be dissipated through the gas channels.
  • the built-in parts are preferably made of carbides (SiC, BC, TiC, VC, WC etc.), nitrides ( ⁇ , ⁇ , TiN, VN, etc) or oxides and their mixtures or coatings.
  • Graphite, diamond and crystalline SiC can advantageously also be used with suitable reducing or inert protective gases (CO, CHx, N2, argon, helium, etc.), in which case the clear, crystalline SiC can introduce a substantial part of the radiation and internal dopants '(Fe, Ti, V etc.) from the radiation be heated volumetrically, which significantly improves the absorption.
  • a steam jet pump may be placed in front of the gas turbine operated by high pressure steam from the downstream steam generator (modified "Cheng-Cycle”) .
  • This design also allows for safe temperature control with different hot gas supply and gas turbine power increase Soiinenstrahlung or partially or completely emptied memory and the compressed gas circulation can be switched to fuel gas mode, so that the system represents a real reserve capacity, regardless of the weather conditions.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the overall plant of a solar plant for the utilization of solar energy; with a solar tower receiver as an essential component;
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through a device comprising a first embodiment according to the invention of a receiver for collecting concentrated solar energy from a mirror field and a high-temperature reservoir in direct communication with the receiver, preferably in the region above 1250 degrees Celsius;
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-section through the container of Fig. 2 on the plane of the receiver, showing the windows of the receiver and absorber bodies arranged behind it;
  • Fig. 4 shows above several arranged on a circular path side by side absorber body and below a single absorber body in more detail;
  • Fig. 5 shows a window of the receiver in an enlarged view
  • Fig. 6 to 9 show preconcentrators, which can be arranged in front of the light entry openings of the receiver;
  • FIG. 10 shows a second embodiment of an absorber according to the invention, which is cooled by molten salt-filled tubes;
  • FIG. 11 shows at the top a modified absorber body, which is designed for cooling by means of a salt melt, and at the bottom a plurality of receiver bodies arranged side by side on a circular path, in each case in plan view;
  • FIG. 12 shows a cross section through the absorber according to FIG. 10.
  • Fig. 13 shows an inverse combination receiver (top) high temperature accumulator (bottom) with a dual warm up of the preheated compressor gas in the absorber stack;
  • Fig. 14 shows a possible rectangular shape for the light entrance openings
  • Fig. 15 shows a possible design of the turbine system as well as details for components to achieve highest gas outlet temperatures for filling the high-temperature storage
  • FIG. 16 shows the absorber with the inserts for the system according to FIG. 15
  • a system with cost-effective, linear mirror fields 20 according to the prior art as a heat source for 400-500 ° C steam is added to a receiver for the focusing field 6, which is placed according to the topography on hills and gaps of the existing system.
  • the elaborate mirror field with heliostats 5, which can follow the daily changing course of the sun, is used exclusively to achieve increased energy efficiency from its overheating stage.
  • a first stage is when such a receiver is used only for steam overheating in a molten salt cooled field.
  • the fully developed receiver (details in Figure 2) includes a high-temperature heat storage 25, and is pressure-charged to operate one (or two) flanged gas turbine (s) 13, which advantageously by means of hydraulic elements 14th introduce excess energy into the steam generator / steam turbine 16.
  • the exhaust gases of the gas turbine can be advantageously used in a flanged heat exchanger 3 for steam superheating or molten salt heating.
  • an extended molten salt heat storage 18 is provided for the medium temperature range, supplemented by heat exchangers and an oil-cooled preheating stage (not shown), depending on the local design.
  • preheating after the condenser 17 of the steam turbine 16 can be effected by heat from the cooling circuits of the closed receiver circuit.
  • the heat storage then starts in the temperature range 200 ° C in stages up to 500 ° C.
  • High temperature storage takes place directly in the tower receiver described in FIGS. 2 and 10.
  • the container 21 shown in Figure 2 comprises a receiver 23 with absorber stack 47 for collecting concentrated solar energy from a mirror array 6 (see Figure 1) and a high-temperature storage 25, which communicates via an opening 27 with the receiver 23 in direct connection.
  • hot gas (arrow 29) flows through orifice 27 into the high temperature reservoir 25, where it gives up heat to the reservoir.
  • Vorkonzentratoren 31 are arranged, which direct incident sunlight in the window 33.
  • a plurality of preconcentrators 31 form outwardly a preferably blanket honeycomb pattern (see description of FIGS. 6 to 9) to avoid concentrated sunlight between the windows 33 so that they can be cooled.
  • the windows 33 preferably comprise a plurality of, in the present embodiment, three, successively arranged discs 35,37,39, which are separated by gaps 41,43. In the intermediate spaces 41,43 opens a cooling gas line 44.
  • the discs may be made of quartz glass or other high temperature resistant glass.
  • the inner writings can have a semipermeable coating.
  • the receiver interior 45 at a distance from the windows 33 at least one absorber stack 47 is arranged.
  • the absorber stack 47 is constructed of refractory ceramic plates or bodies 49, between which vertical channels 51 are present.
  • the receiver interior 45 is divided by a supporting wall 52 an absorber area 53 (left half of the receiver) and a gas return area 55 (right half of the receiver).
  • the receiver interior is lined on the inside with the necessary heat insulation 57.
  • the high-temperature reservoir 25 is constructed from ceramic components 59, which preferably have horizontal channels 61. These let the hot gas flow from the inside to the outer wall 63.
  • the storage body 64 may also be heaped up from spherical elements.
  • a preferably conical interior 65 is formed, through which the hot gas can flow.
  • the outer wall 63 of the high-temperature storage is protected by a thermal insulation 67. Between the heat insulation 67 and the outer wall 63 cooling coils 69 are arranged, which limit the temperature of the outer wall safe.
  • annular space 71 is provided between the storage body 64 and the heat insulation 67, which allows the gas outflow.
  • the annular space 71 opens into an annular collecting channel 73, through which the gas flowing back is directed to the right side of the receiver (gas backflow region).
  • annular collecting channel 73 In the gas backflow region 55 of the receiver one or more outlet openings 75 is provided, through which the gas can pass into a collecting space 77.
  • the collecting space 77 has an outlet opening 79, which is formed by a flange 81.
  • a gas turbine (not shown in FIG. 2) can be connected to the flange 81 (see FIG.
  • the collecting space 77 is enclosed by a space 83 which serves as a mixing space for the cooling gas supplied by the compressors for supplying the absorber.
  • the space 83 has inlet openings 85, 87, in the present case preferably two, through which the cooling gas is guided into the mixing space 83.
  • Analogous to the high-temperature reservoir 23 and the receiver container is equipped with a separate cooling 89.
  • a separate cooling 91 is preferably provided for the windows 33. This is described in more detail below in the description of FIG.
  • a special feature of the container 21 is that this, if no sufficient heat from the high-temperature reservoir 25 is available, can be operated by means of fossil fuel additive.
  • a fuel supply line 93 is provided which leads into the gas backflow region 55.
  • a preferably oval combustion chamber 95 is formed, which can generate enough hot gas for the supply of the gas turbines.
  • absorber bodies 97 are arranged on a circular path in the receiver interior 45 at a distance from the windows 33.
  • the absorber body 97 are formed in a cup-shaped section for the further concentration of solar energy radiating from the windows.
  • a single absorber body 97 is shown in detail in FIG. He has a cross-section two opposite concave flanks 99a, 99b of a high temperature resistant ceramic material whose inner walls are preferably mirrored or polished.
  • the bottom region 101 adjoining the flanks 99a, 99b is geometrically designed so that no appreciable radiation can escape through reflection.
  • the bottom portion has the shape of a dovetail 103, which has two substantially V-shaped depressions 105 in section, which are formed on the surface as a black body. Behind the illuminated surfaces, passages are provided in the ceramic material proportional to the cooling requirement, which form vertical channels 51 due to the vertical stacking (see FIG.
  • Individual absorber body 97 are arranged one above the other to form a stack and preferably connected in a form-fitting manner to the wall 52 arranged behind it.
  • the absorber body on the side facing away from the light two or more preferably dovetailed projections 103 which are recessed in matching grooves of the wall 52. Between the extensions 103 and the mating grooves, as well as between the absorbers mutually, a margin is left to endure temperature changes.
  • the absorber bodies 97 are connected to each other by special hollow components 109, but with play.
  • the components 109 each form a vertical cooling channel 111 through the cavity in order to absorb and dissipate the unavoidable scattered radiation.
  • the components 109 are also preferably positively connected to two adjacent absorber bodies. As a result, the whole is constructed as a loose composite, but defined geometrically.
  • the parts 109 are replaced by inserts 102 (FIG. 16).
  • the windows 33 of the receiver 23 are expediently circular disks 35, 37, 39, preferably quartz glass disks (FIG. 5).
  • the cooling of the light inlet window can be done externally by spiral gas channels.
  • the disks 35, 37, 39 are accommodated in specially provided grooves 119 of the cylinder 113.
  • the inner pane 39 and the middle pane 37 serve primarily to attenuate the large heat present in the receiver interior during solar irradiation, so that suitable seals (not shown in the figures) can be used for sealing the outer pane 35. Accordingly, the inner pane 39 and the middle pane 37 need not be gas-tight and / or pressure-tight inserted into the grooves 119.
  • the reference numeral 121 indicates cooling channels through which cooling gas can flow tangentially into the intermediate space 41 (FIG. 5). Through openings 123, which are provided in the middle disc 37, the cooling gas from the gap 41 can get into the gap 43 and then flows through a channel 125 preferably in the receiver interior 45th
  • the preconcentrators 31, which are arranged in front of the light entry openings, are shown in greater detail in FIGS. 6 to 9.
  • the preconcentrators 31 have conical tapering light-collecting channels 127, which open into a circular shape 128 toward the bottom. These match the round light entry openings 27.
  • the Lichteinfangkanäle 127 are preferably hexagonal, so that they can form a closed surface in the form of a honeycomb form 129.
  • the receiver according to FIG. 10 differs from the receiver already described essentially in that the cooling of the absorber body into the vertical channels through tubes 131 through which molten salt flows are cooled.
  • the tubes 131 are connected to a central supply line 133 in connection.
  • the refluxing, heated molten salt flows on the back of the absorber stack .. preferably through an additional ceramic memory 135 and then flows into a manifold 137.
  • the gas cooling system 89 can be provided for additional heat storage with a flanged heat storage (such as embodiment 2), preferably as Cup made of ceramic elements, connected to a compressor for the operation of the circulation and a preheating stage of the cool salt inlet.
  • the collecting tube 137 is in communication with a molten salt storage, not shown in the figures.
  • the inventive receiver works as follows:
  • the collected by a mirror field radiation energy is first collected in preconcentrators 31 and passed in mirrored conical Lichteinfangkanälen 127 on the round window of the container 33 receivers 23.
  • These cooled windows are able to absorb internal pressure.
  • the absorber light-catching elements are arranged, the windows have polished, open edges for further concentration of the radiation. Only in dovetail-like soil area is the largest part of the conversion into heat energy, since there the surfaces are designed as a black body.
  • the highly heat-resistant ceramic material allows local and temporal overheating, especially when the absorber wall (Fig. 4) is modular, allowing the individual elements temporary expansions.
  • the cooling of these highly heated elements takes place with (pressure) gas or molten salt directly onto further high-temperature ceramic components 59 (FIGS. 10, 11 and 12) of the high-temperature reservoir 25.
  • the cooling-gas or molten-salt stream is regulated outside the hot receiver container (FIG. 21).
  • the cooling of the container is used to preheat the respective cooling circuit, so that almost all of the once radiated solar energy is converted into usable heat.
  • the elaborate thermal insulation forms the benchmark for energy efficiency.
  • the design of the receiver must be decided in detail according to economic criteria.
  • the inventive receiver with a focusing mirror field can significantly increase the overall efficiency of a steam turbine in an existing linear mirror solar system.
  • FIGS. 13-16 shows a special embodiment of the turbine system for light compact systems, which enables substantially higher gas inlet temperatures from a high-temperature heat accumulator (> 1250 ° C.).
  • Decisive here is the special design of the absorber body for highest temperatures that can be achieved in the discharge part of the absorber stack.
  • FIG. 13 shows a modified receiver 23 with a directly flanged or mounted high-temperature reservoir 25, this being arranged under the receiver. For longer storage times and corresponding volume of this high temperature storage is then also (part of) the tower structure.
  • the gas duct in the exemplary embodiment of the receiver according to FIG. 13 is characterized by the additional annular spaces 142, 144 with outlet 146, with a flow through an absorber stack twice.
  • Reference numeral 140 shows a cooled holder for the absorber stack (integrated into the area below 1000 ° C, therefore metallic).
  • Figure 14 shows rectangular Lichteintrittsöfihungen for a possible compact receiver with directly flanged Spiralkühlungen.
  • the flow-through channels are shown in detail: In the outer region of the channels (inserts 102 on the front of the absorber body and behind the mirror coating 100, inserts 104 in FIG. 16), the gas flow is upwards, in FIG Bottom portion 101 down (ie, in the channels of partition plates 110, the partition plates reducing vertical convection to the receiver interior 45.
  • Reference numeral 108 shows a preferred embodiment for absorber plate inserts 105 replacing the standard parts 104 in the lower outlet region of the vertical channels. where the highest temperatures have to be reached: These semi-transmissive radiation scavengers 108 enhance absorption.
  • the temperature of the preheated compressor gas when flowing upwards should already be greatly increased.
  • the gas mixture can be changed and the desired temperature level can be stabilized by means of fuel gas supply 93, the gas mixture remaining reducing.
  • a safe outflow of the gas is made possible by afterburning.
  • This mode of operation can be modified until complete combustion gas operation, the high-temperature reservoir 25 can still provide heat energy, the mode of operation is optimized by side accesses of the high-temperature storage tower 136. It is crucial that (electric) power generation is possible at any time by this possibility and the plant thus represents a real reserve capacity.
  • a steam jet pump (Venturi nozzle) is provided 15, which is fed directly from the steam generator 16. Via connecting valves 11, such a system can work as part of a larger ensemble, also as a process heat supplier for neighboring consumers.
  • cooling channels of the pressure vessel and the windows 35,37,39 are used as preheating and mixed with heated compressor gas used as the first stage of the cooling gas heating.
  • heated compressor gas used as the first stage of the cooling gas heating.
  • the receiver has a container 21 with at least one light inlet opening 27, and an inlet and an outlet for a cooling medium.
  • a container 21 with at least one light inlet opening 27, and an inlet and an outlet for a cooling medium.
  • at least one absorber body 97 is provided, which is at least partially formed as a black body and is arranged behind the light inlet opening 27, for collecting the
  • Radiation energy and conversion of the same into thermal energy are provided in the container 21 heat storage elements as high-temperature storage for energy production in the evening hours.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Mounting And Adjusting Of Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un récepteur servant à capter un rayonnement solaire concentré dans un champ de type miroir environnant. Le récepteur est muni d'un réservoir (21) comprenant au moins une ouverture d'entrée de la lumière (27) ainsi qu'une ouverture d'admission et d'évacuation d'un fluide de refroidissement. Le réservoir (21) contient au moins un corps absorbant (97) qui est au moins par endroits réalisé sous la forme d'un corps noir et qui est agencé derrière l'ouverture d'entrée de la lumière (27) pour capter l'énergie du rayonnement et la convertir en énergie thermique. Le réservoir (21) contient en outre des éléments d'accumulation de chaleur sous la forme d'accumulateurs haute température pour la génération d'énergie pendant les heures de soirée.
PCT/EP2013/068721 2012-09-10 2013-09-10 Récepteur d'un rayonnement solaire concentré WO2014037582A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01646/12A CH706970A1 (de) 2012-09-10 2012-09-10 Receiver für konzentrierte Sonnenstrahlung.
CH01646/12 2012-09-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014037582A2 true WO2014037582A2 (fr) 2014-03-13
WO2014037582A3 WO2014037582A3 (fr) 2014-11-13

Family

ID=47191447

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2013/068721 WO2014037582A2 (fr) 2012-09-10 2013-09-10 Récepteur d'un rayonnement solaire concentré

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CH (1) CH706970A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014037582A2 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016162412A1 (fr) 2015-04-08 2016-10-13 Ulrich Bech Récepteur destiné à collecter un rayonnement concentré
WO2018011363A1 (fr) * 2016-07-15 2018-01-18 Ulrich Bech Système de récepteur de rayonnement haute température
CN109539560A (zh) * 2018-12-13 2019-03-29 朱杰益 一种蜂群银窝聚能静音装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4345399A1 (fr) * 2022-09-28 2024-04-03 ETH Zurich Récepteur solaire pour applications à haute température

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3981151A (en) 1975-01-20 1976-09-21 St Clair John C Use of solar energy heat gathering and storing systems to increase farm crop yields
US4312324A (en) 1978-08-09 1982-01-26 Sanders Associates, Inc. Wind loss prevention for open cavity solar receivers
US4401103A (en) 1980-04-28 1983-08-30 Thompson Hugh A Solar energy conversion apparatus
US20060174866A1 (en) 2005-02-10 2006-08-10 Yaoming Zhang Volumetric solar receiver

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4047517A (en) * 1976-07-06 1977-09-13 Arnberg B Thomas Method and apparatus for receiving solar energy
DE3010882A1 (de) * 1980-03-21 1981-10-01 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8000 München Strahlungsempfaenger
DE3042557C2 (de) * 1980-11-12 1982-10-21 Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5300 Bonn Wärmetauscher, insbesondere für Sonnenkraftwerke
US4509333A (en) * 1983-04-15 1985-04-09 Sanders Associates, Inc. Brayton engine burner
AU3817885A (en) * 1984-02-02 1985-08-08 Babcock & Wilcox Co., The Solar receiver and absorber panel
DE3420118A1 (de) * 1984-05-30 1985-12-05 Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5300 Bonn Empfaenger fuer solarstrahlung
US4913129A (en) * 1989-05-22 1990-04-03 Bechtel Group, Inc. Solar receiver having wind loss protection
US8378280B2 (en) * 2007-06-06 2013-02-19 Areva Solar, Inc. Integrated solar energy receiver-storage unit
EP2329202B1 (fr) * 2008-08-31 2014-12-03 Yeda Research And Development Company Ltd. Système de capteur solaire
WO2011000522A2 (fr) * 2009-06-30 2011-01-06 Vladan Petrovic Centrale à collecteur cylindro-parabolique avec accumulation de l'énergie solaire, procédé pour faire fonctionner une centrale à collecteur cylindro-parabolique et accumulateur de chaleur à haute température
IT1399952B1 (it) * 2010-04-29 2013-05-09 Magaldi Ind Srl Dispositivo e sistema di stoccaggio e trasporto ad alto livello di efficienza energetica
WO2012055426A1 (fr) * 2010-10-28 2012-05-03 Sun To Market Solution, S.L. Récepteur solaire pour tour solaire
GB2486210A (en) * 2010-12-06 2012-06-13 Alstom Technology Ltd Solar receiver comprising an aperture admitting radiation into a cylindrical cavity

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3981151A (en) 1975-01-20 1976-09-21 St Clair John C Use of solar energy heat gathering and storing systems to increase farm crop yields
US4312324A (en) 1978-08-09 1982-01-26 Sanders Associates, Inc. Wind loss prevention for open cavity solar receivers
US4401103A (en) 1980-04-28 1983-08-30 Thompson Hugh A Solar energy conversion apparatus
US20060174866A1 (en) 2005-02-10 2006-08-10 Yaoming Zhang Volumetric solar receiver

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016162412A1 (fr) 2015-04-08 2016-10-13 Ulrich Bech Récepteur destiné à collecter un rayonnement concentré
CN107864665A (zh) * 2015-04-08 2018-03-30 安雅穆科斯工程公司 用于捕集集中的辐射的接收器
WO2018011363A1 (fr) * 2016-07-15 2018-01-18 Ulrich Bech Système de récepteur de rayonnement haute température
CN109539560A (zh) * 2018-12-13 2019-03-29 朱杰益 一种蜂群银窝聚能静音装置
CN109539560B (zh) * 2018-12-13 2024-04-23 朱杰益 一种蜂群银窝聚能静音装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH706970A1 (de) 2014-03-14
WO2014037582A3 (fr) 2014-11-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2012017041A2 (fr) Accumulateur de chaleur haute température pour centrales solaires thermiques
EP2580538B1 (fr) Collecteur solaire combiné
WO2011000522A2 (fr) Centrale à collecteur cylindro-parabolique avec accumulation de l'énergie solaire, procédé pour faire fonctionner une centrale à collecteur cylindro-parabolique et accumulateur de chaleur à haute température
WO2014037582A2 (fr) Récepteur d'un rayonnement solaire concentré
WO2010118796A2 (fr) Centrale thermique à vapeur comportant des capteurs solaires
EP2612099A2 (fr) Accumulateur de chaleur
DE2939585A1 (de) Solarthermisches kraftwerk
EP2553244B1 (fr) Procédé pour accroître le rendement d'une centrale équipée d'une turbine à gaz ainsi que centrale pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé
DE102010053902A1 (de) Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Durchführung solar beheizter chemischer Reaktionen
EP2622282B1 (fr) Récepteur pour des installations d'énergie solaire
WO2016162412A1 (fr) Récepteur destiné à collecter un rayonnement concentré
WO2014089717A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de génération d'un flux de fluide caloporteur
DE10050715B4 (de) Solarwärme-Rakete
DE102010014300B4 (de) Wind- und Strahlungsenergie-Kollektor
EP3649420B1 (fr) Procédé pour transférer la chaleur contenue dans un gaz et échangeur thermique correspondant
CH713961A2 (de) Verfahren zum Übertragen der in einem Gas enthaltenen Wärme und Wärmetauscher dafür.
EP2708744A1 (fr) Installation dýhéliothermie
DE102013221887B3 (de) Receiver für Solarenergiegewinnungsanlagen
EP3830495B1 (fr) Procédé d'isolation d'une unité de traitement et unité de traitement dotée d'une zone d'isolation
WO2009043334A2 (fr) Absorbeur d'énergie air-solaire
DE102009014491A1 (de) Kollektor
DE2532465C3 (de) Vorrichtung zur Ausnutzung der Sonnenenergie
AT510956B1 (de) Windkraftanlage
CH714589A1 (de) Verfahren zum Übertragen der in einem Gas enthaltenen Wärme und Wärmetauscher dafür.
DE102012006729A1 (de) Solarthermisches Kraftwerk mit verbesserter Wirtschaftlichkeit

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 13770411

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2

32PN Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established

Free format text: FESTSTELLUNG EINES RECHTSVERLUSTS NACH REGEL 112(1) EPUE (EPA FORM 1205A VOM 26-08-2015)

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 13770411

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2