WO2014036775A1 - 微型管状全站仪 - Google Patents

微型管状全站仪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014036775A1
WO2014036775A1 PCT/CN2012/082785 CN2012082785W WO2014036775A1 WO 2014036775 A1 WO2014036775 A1 WO 2014036775A1 CN 2012082785 W CN2012082785 W CN 2012082785W WO 2014036775 A1 WO2014036775 A1 WO 2014036775A1
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Prior art keywords
tubular cylinder
sleeve
module
tubular
total station
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PCT/CN2012/082785
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘雁春
Original Assignee
付建国
王海亭
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Application filed by 付建国, 王海亭 filed Critical 付建国
Publication of WO2014036775A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014036775A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C1/00Measuring angles
    • G01C1/02Theodolites
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measuring device, in particular to a micro-tubular total station which is easy to carry, simple to operate, and can improve measurement precision and work efficiency.
  • the total station consists of a horizontal angle measurement system, a vertical angle measurement system, a horizontal compensation system and a ranging system. It has angle measurement, distance (slope distance, horizontal distance, height difference) measurement, three-dimensional coordinate measurement, wire measurement, and intersection determination. Measurement and Stake out For a variety of purposes, such as measurement, the total station is named after all the measurements on the station can be completed by placing the instrument once.
  • the existing total station device is to place all the measuring devices on the base that can be connected with the tripod.
  • the data processing mode adopted is a single-machine panel type, and the following problems exist:
  • the stand-alone panel data processing mode is not applicable to the data transmission and processing requirements of the network era, and does not have the capability of real-time processing and integrated mapping of regional measurement data.
  • the present invention is to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a A miniature tubular total station that is easy to carry, simple to operate, and improves measurement accuracy and productivity.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a miniature tubular total station having a tubular cylinder with a control module in the tubular cylinder and The wireless network communication module connected to the control module is provided with a wireless display terminal corresponding to the wireless network communication module; and the upper end of the tubular cylinder is slidably coupled with the tubular cylinder a sleeve, the lower end of the sleeve is connected to the first shaft angle encoder, and the output of the first shaft angle encoder is connected to the control module.
  • a pair of pylons are arranged at the top end of the sleeve, and a rotating shaft perpendicular to the tubular cylinder is disposed between the pair of pylons, and a distance measuring module and a second shaft angle encoder are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft,
  • a sighting device is fixed with a sighting device whose aiming axis is parallel to the measuring quasi-axis, and a leveling device is fixed on the tubular cylinder or the sleeve.
  • the ranging module is a laser range finder, and a reflective prism is disposed on the tubular cylinder.
  • the tubular cylinder is placed in a jacket type fixing frame, and the jacket type fixing frame
  • the utility model has an annular base and a leg connected to the annular base, and at least three transverse top wires which can bear against the measuring rod are arranged on the annular base.
  • the invention is to
  • the control module, the wireless network communication module, the shaft angle encoder, the ranging module and the aiming device are integrated on a tubular cylinder, and have small volume and light weight. It is easy to carry and so on; it simplifies the alignment and omits the height of the measuring instrument, and the operation is simple; the measuring part of the invention and the number of display and control terminals can be flexibly configured (such as one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one, many-to-many) It can realize regional network communication, and has the ability of real-time processing and integrated mapping of regional measurement data, which improves measurement accuracy and work efficiency.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention are schematic structural views of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the circuit principle of the embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is the A-A view of Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a block diagram showing the circuit principle of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the flange at the lower end of the sleeve 5 is connected to the first shaft encoder 6, and the output of the first shaft encoder 6 is connected to the control module 2.
  • Sleeve 5 The top end has a pair of yokes 7 disposed opposite to each other, and the rotating shaft 8 perpendicular to the tubular cylinder 1 is disposed between the pair of yokes 7, and the rotating shaft 8 can be connected to the yoke 7 through a sleeve or a bearing, that is, the rotating shaft 8 can be opposite Pegs 7 Rotating, and the rotating shaft 8 is fixedly connected with a distance measuring module 9 and a second shaft angle encoder 10, and a sighting device with a collimating axis parallel to the measuring quasi-axis is fixed on the distance measuring module 9 11 (Combination of the crossbar and the notch), the level 12 is fixed to the tubular cylinder 1 or the sleeve 5.
  • the first shaft angle encoder 6 and the second shaft angle encoder 10 use Renishaw absolute round grating, ranging module 9 With a laser ranging sensor, the level 12 is combined with a circular level and a tube level. The entire circuit is powered by a lithium battery pack 19 that is fixed within the tubular cylinder 1.
  • Leveling Adjust the tubular cylinder 1 to make the level 12 The bubble is centered, first coarsely adjusts the bubble of the circular level to be centered, and further fine adjustment makes the bubble of the tube level centered;
  • the control module 2 directly uses the electronic method from the first shaft encoder 6 Reading horizontal angle data, reading high and low angle data from the second shaft angle encoder 10, reading the slope distance data from the ranging module 9, and the read data is sent to the display terminal through the wireless network communication module 3 using point-to-point Bluetooth communication. 4 The data is processed, displayed, recorded and transmitted externally by the display terminal 4 (using GPRS to realize remote data exchange via GSM network).
  • the basic structure is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
  • the difference from the embodiment 1 is in the tubular cylinder 1
  • the telescopic or cascading length adjusting device 13 is further provided with a reflecting prism 14 on the tubular cylinder 1 and a reflecting prism 14 using a 360° reflecting prism.
  • Tubular cylinder 1 placed in a jacketed holder 15 the jacket type fixing frame 15 has an annular base 16 and a leg 17 connected to the annular base 16 , and at least three lateral tops of the measuring base 1 are arranged on the annular base 16 .
  • the aiming device 11 adopts an electronic telescope whose optical axis coincides with the laser ranging quasi-axis, and the field of view image passes through the control module 2 and the wireless network communication module 3
  • the display terminal 4 is displayed;
  • the level 12 uses a high-precision dual-axis tilt sensor (Rifen HCA526T), the plane defined by the two sensitive axes is perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve 5, and its output is controlled by the control module 2
  • the real-time acquisition is sent to the display terminal 4 through the wireless network communication module 3, and the leveling monitoring screen (electronic level screen) is displayed on the display terminal 4.
  • And embodiment 1 The difference is that there are two measuring bodies (the tubular cylinder 1 and the device fixed thereto) and three display terminals 4, wherein the two display terminals 4 are equipped with a handheld computer with dedicated software ( PDA).
  • PDA handheld computer with dedicated software
  • the third display terminal 4 uses a laptop with dedicated software to build a local wireless measurement work network using a Wi-Fi network and remote data exchange via a 3G network using a laptop.
  • the single-machine independent measurement method can be independently performed, and the single-machine independent measurement method is the same as that in the first embodiment; Peer-to-peer two-way joint testing between the two stations to achieve positional transmission between stations, the specific steps are as follows:
  • Leveling Adjust the clip-on holder 15 to make the level 12 The bubble is centered, first coarsely adjusts the bubble of the circular level to be centered, and further fine adjustment makes the bubble of the tube level centered;
  • the control module 2 directly uses the electronic method from the first shaft encoder 6 Reading horizontal angle data, reading high and low angle data from the second shaft angle encoder 10, reading the slope distance data from the ranging module 9, and the read data is sent to the display terminal through the wireless network communication module 3 using point-to-point Bluetooth communication. 4 The data is processed, displayed, recorded and transmitted externally by the display terminal 4 (using GPRS to realize remote data exchange via GSM network).
  • the peer-to-peer bidirectional test not only eliminates the traditional observation step when the single total station develops the control point, but also improves the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.
  • Example 2 All measurement data information measured by the two measurement bodies can also be sent to the handheld computer through the network in real time (PDA)
  • PDA real time
  • special software is used to optimize the area measurement operation process, and the regional measurement data is synchronously and real-time processed to realize regional integration.

Abstract

公开了一种便于携带、操作简单、可提高测量精度和工作效率的微型管状全站仪,具有管状柱体(1),在管状柱体内有控制模块(2)及与控制模块相接的无线网络通信模块(3),与无线网络通信模块对应设置有无线显控终端(4);在管状柱体上端滑动连接有与管状柱体同轴的套筒(5),套筒下端与第一轴角编码器(6)相接,第一轴角编码器的输出与控制模块相接,套筒顶端有相对设置的一对轴架(7),与管状柱体垂直的转轴(8)置于一对轴架之间,与转轴固定相接有测距模块(9)及第二轴角编码器(10),在测距模块上固定有视准轴与测距准轴平行的瞄准装置(11),在管状柱体或套筒上固定有水准器(12)。

Description

微型管状全站仪
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种测量装置,尤其是一种便于携带、操作简单、可提高测量精度和工作效率的微型管状全站仪。
背景技术:
全站仪由水平角测量系统、竖直角测量系统、水平补偿系统和测距系统组成,具有角度测量、距离(斜距、平距、高差)测量、三维坐标测量、 导线测量 、交会定点测量和 放样 测量等多种用途,全站仪就是因一次安置仪器就可完成该测站上全部测量工作而得名。现有的全站仪是将所有测量装置均安置在可与脚架相连的基座之上,所采用的数据处理模式是单机面板式,存在以下问题:
( 1 )由于集成测量装置的基座与配套使用的三脚架相对分离,即全站仪与地面测量标志点分离,不仅体积较大、携带不便,而且测量时需要费时费力的调整,才能保证全站仪对中(即全站仪的竖轴与通过测量标志点的垂线重合),同时还需要测量仪器高度(即测量全站仪观测标准线与地面标志点的垂直距离),这些环节增加了测量难度,降低了工作效率,且因误差源多而降低了测量的精确度;
( 2 ) 单机面板式数据处理模式已经不适用网络时代数据传输和处理的需求,不具备区域测量数据同步实时处理、一体化测图的能力。
发明内容:
本发明是为了解决现有技术所存在的上述问题,提供一种 便于携带、操作简单、可提高测量精度和工作效率的微型管状全站仪。
本发明的技术解决方案是: 一种 微型管状全站仪,有管状柱体,在管状柱体内有控制模块 及 与控制模块相接的无线网络通信模块 , 与无线网络通信模块对应设置有无线显控终端;在管状柱体 上端 滑动连接有与管状柱体 同轴的 套筒,套筒下端与第一轴角编码器相接,第一轴角编码器的输出与控制模块 相接, 套筒顶端有相对设置的一对轴架,与管状柱体垂直的转轴置于一对轴架之间,与转轴固定相接有测距模块及第二轴角编码器 ,在 测距模块上固定有视准轴与测距准轴平行的瞄准装置,在管状柱体 或套筒上 固定有水准器。
所述测距模块是激光测距仪,在管状柱体 上设有 反射棱镜。
所述管状柱体 置于夹套式固定架内,所述夹套式固定架 有环状基座及与环形基座相接的支脚,在环状基座上均布有至少三个可顶住测量标杆 的 横向顶丝。
本发明是将 控制模块、无线网络通信模块、轴角编码器、测距模块及瞄准装置等集成在一个管状柱体上,具有体积小、重量轻、 便于携带等优点;简化了对中环节且省略了测量仪器高度,操作简单;本发明测量部分与显控终端的数量可灵活配置(如一对一、一对多、多对一、多对多),能够实现区域网络通讯,具备区域测量数据同步实时处理、一体化测图的能力,提高了测量精度和工作效率。
附图说明:
图 1 、图 2 、图 3 是本发明实施例 1 的 结构示意图。
图 4 是本发明实施例 1 的 电路原理框图。
图 5 是本发明实施例 2 的 结构示意图。
图 6 是图 5 的 A-A 视图。
图 7 是本发明实施例 2 的 电路原理框图。
具体实施方式:
实施例 1 :
有用玻璃钢、碳纤维等制成的圆柱状空心管状柱体 1 ,其内部排布有以 ARM 处理器为核心的控制模块 2 及与控制模块相接的 采用蓝牙适配器的无线网络通信模块 3 , 与无线网络通信模块 3 对应设置有无线显控终端 4 (智能手机、掌上电脑或通用便携式计算机等),显控终端 4 配置有专用显控和数据处理软件以实现人机交互控制、测量数据处理和测量过程管理功能;在管状柱体 1 上端外侧 滑动连接有与管状柱体 1 同轴的 套筒 5 ,可在套筒 5 的下端相接一个带法兰盘的滚针轴承,套筒 5 通过滚针轴承与管状柱体 1 滑动相接,即 套筒 5 可以绕管状柱体 1 转动。套筒 5 下端的法兰盘与第一轴角编码器 6 相接,第一轴角编码器 6 的输出与控制模块 2 相接。 套筒 5 顶端有相对设置的一对轴架 7 ,与管状柱体 1 垂直的转轴 8 置于一对轴架 7 之间,转轴 8 可通过轴套或轴承与轴架 7 相接,即转轴 8 可相对轴架 7 转动,与转轴 8 固定相接有测距模块 9 及第二轴角编码器 10 ,在 测距模块 9 上固定有视准轴与测距准轴平行的瞄准装置 11 (准星与缺口组合),在管状柱体 1 或套筒 5 上 固定有水准器 12 。第一轴角编码器 6 和第二轴角编码器 10 选用雷尼绍绝对式圆光栅,测距模块 9 采用激光测距传感器,水准器 12 用圆水准器和管水准器组合。整个电路由固定在管状柱体 1 内的 锂电池组 19 供电。
使用方法:
a. 放置仪器:将管状柱体 1 的下端点对准测站点固定;
b. 整平:调整管状柱体 1 , 使水准器 12 的气泡居中,先粗略调使圆水准器的气泡居中,进一步精调使管水准器的气泡居中;
c. 照准:绕管状柱体 1 转动套筒 5 和绕转轴 8 转动测距模块 9 相互配合,通过瞄准装置 11 观察,最终使测距准轴对准测点;
d. 测读:照准目标后,由控制模块 2 直接采用电子方法从第一轴角编码器 6 读取水平角数据,从第二轴角编码器 10 读取高低角数据,从测距模块 9 读取斜距数据,读取的数据通过无线网络通信模块 3 用点对点蓝牙通信发送至显控终端 4 ,由显控终端 4 对数据进行处理、显示、记录和对外传输(通过 GSM 网络利用 GPRS 实现远程数据交换)。
实施例 2 :
如图 5 、 6 所示:基本结构同实施例 1 , 与实施例 1 所不同的是 在管状柱体 1 带有伸缩式或级联式长度调节装置 13 ,在管状柱体 1 上还设有 反射棱镜 14 ,反射棱镜 14 采用 360° 反射棱镜。管状柱体 1 置于夹套式固定架 15 内,所述夹套式固定架 15 有环形基座 16 及与环形基座 16 相接的支脚 17 ,在环状基座 16 上均布有至少三个可顶住测量标杆 1 的 横向顶丝 18 ,便于管状柱体 1 的固定及整平。 瞄准装置 11 采用光轴与激光测距准轴重合的电子望远镜,其视场图像通过控制模块 2 、无线网络通信模块 3 在 显控终端 4 上显示;水准器 12 采用高精度双轴倾角传感器(瑞芬 HCA526T ),其两个敏感轴确定的平面垂直于套筒 5 的轴线,其输出由控制模块 2 实时采集并通过无线网络通信模块 3 发送至 显控终端 4 ,在显控终端 4 显示整平监测画面(电子水准器画面)。与实施例 1 的不同之处还有:配置有两个测量本体(管状柱体 1 及固定在其上的装置)和三个显控终端 4 ,其中两个显控终端 4 采用安装有专用软件的掌上电脑( PDA )、第三个显控终端 4 则采用配有专用软件的笔记本电脑,利用 Wi-Fi 网络构建本地无线测量工作网,利用笔记本电脑通过 3G 网络实现远程数据交换。
使用方法:
本发明实施例 2 ,可分别单机独立施测,单机独立施测方法与实施例 1 相同;亦可在 A 、 B 两个测站点之间进行对等双向联测,实现测站之间的位置传递,具体步骤如下:
a. 放置仪器:将两个管状柱体 1 的下端点分别对准 A 、 B 两个测站点固定;
b. 整平:调整套夹式固定架 15 , 使水准器 12 的气泡居中,先粗略调使圆水准器的气泡居中,进一步精调使管水准器的气泡居中;
c. 照准:绕管状柱体 1 转动套筒 5 和绕转轴 8 转动测距模块 9 相互配合,通过瞄准装置 11 观察,最终使测距准轴对准对方的 反射棱镜 14 ( B 、 A );
d. 测读:照准目标后,由控制模块 2 直接采用电子方法从第一轴角编码器 6 读取水平角数据,从第二轴角编码器 10 读取高低角数据,从测距模块 9 读取斜距数据,读取的数据通过无线网络通信模块 3 用点对点蓝牙通信发送至显控终端 4 ,由显控终端 4 对数据进行处理、显示、记录和对外传输(通过 GSM 网络利用 GPRS 实现远程数据交换)。
对等双向联测不仅免去了传统的单全站仪发展控制点时的对换观测步骤,而且提高了测量的精度和可靠性。实施例 2 中还可将两个 测量本体施测的所有测量数据信息通过网络均实时发送至掌上电脑( PDA )和笔记本电脑的终端上,采用专用软件对区域测量作业过程进行优化控制,并对区域测量数据进行同步实时处理,实现区域一体化成图。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种 微型管状全站仪,其特征在于:有管状柱体( 1 ) ,在管状柱体( 1 ) 内有控制模块( 2 )及 与控制模块( 2 ) 相接的无线网络通信模块( 3 ), 与无线网络通信模块( 3 ) 对应设置有无线显控终端( 4 );在管状柱体( 1 )上端 滑动连接有与管状柱体( 1 ) 同轴的 套筒( 5 ),套筒( 5 )下端与第一轴角编码器( 6 )相接,第一轴角编码器( 6 )的输出与控制模块 ( 2 )相接, 套筒( 5 )顶端有相对设置的一对轴架( 7 ),与管状柱体( 1 )垂直的转轴( 8 )置于一对轴架( 7 )之间,与转轴( 8 )固定相接有测距模块( 9 )及第二轴角编码器 ( 10 ),在 测距模块( 9 )上固定有视准轴与测距准轴平行的瞄准装置( 11 ),在管状柱体( 1 )或套筒( 5 )上 固定有水准器( 12 ) 。
  2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的微型管状全站仪,其特征在于:所述测距模块( 9 )是激光测距仪,在管状柱体( 1 )上设有 反射棱镜( 14 )。
  3. 根据权利要求 1 或 2 所述的微型管状全站仪,其特征在于:所述管状柱体( 1 )置于夹套式固定架( 15 )内,所述夹套式固定架( 15 ) 有环状基座( 16 )及与环形基座( 16 )相接的支脚( 17 ),在环状基座( 16 )上均布有至少三个可顶住测量标杆( 1 )的 横向顶丝( 18 )。
PCT/CN2012/082785 2012-09-06 2012-10-11 微型管状全站仪 WO2014036775A1 (zh)

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