Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
  • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
  • F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
  • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
  • F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
  • F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
  • F04B1/2078—Swash plates
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
  • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
  • F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
  • F04B1/22—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
  • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
  • F04B1/26—Control
  • F04B1/30—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks
  • F04B1/32—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block
  • F04B1/324—Control of machines or pumps with rotary cylinder blocks by varying the relative positions of a swash plate and a cylinder block by changing the inclination of the swash plate

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a swash plate machine according to the
• Swash plate machines serve as axial piston pumps for converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy and as axial piston motor for converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy.
• Cylinder drum with piston bores is rotatably or rotatably mounted and pistons are arranged in the piston bores.
• the cylinder drum is rotatably connected to a drive shaft and on a first part of the rotating piston bores temporarily acts a hydraulic fluid under high pressure and a second part of the rotating piston bores temporarily acts a hydraulic fluid under low pressure.
• a pivoting cradle is around one
• Swivel axis mounted pivotably and on the pivoting cradle is on a retaining disc with sliding shoes.
• the pistons are attached to the sliding shoes.
• the retaining disc with the sliding shoes performs together with the cylinder drum a rotational movement about an axis of rotation and a flat bearing surface of the pivoting cradle is at an acute angle to
• d. H. with a swivel angle of 0 ° can be from the swash plate machine no mechanical in
• Pivoting means, the pivot angle of the support surface relative to the Rotation axis, for example, between -20 ° and + 20 ° to be changed and the pivoting bring it a compressive force on the pivoting cradle.
• the pivoting cradle is on two bearing shells of a housing
• Swash plate machine is exposed to a greater compressive force than the bearing shell on the fictitious second part of the swash plate machine with the low-pressure opening.
• the swashplate machine is of a fictional type
• the two pivoting devices and thus also the two connection points between the pivoting devices and the pivoting cradle are arranged centrally, that is to say in the fictitious sectional plane or center plane, so that the pressure forces applied by the two pivoting devices to the pivoting cradle are distributed uniformly over the two bearing shells.
• larger forces are applied by the pistons under high pressure to the first part of the swash plate machine than from the pistons to the second part under low pressure, just mentioned uneven pressure forces occur on the two bearing shells and the bearing shell on the first fictitious part of
• Swash plate machine thus has much greater compressive forces than the bearing shell on the fictitious second part of the swash plate machine.
• EP 1 013 928 A2 shows an axial piston pump in swash plate construction with a driven circumferential and a plurality of piston bores arranged therein cylinder barrel, wherein in the respective by Webs of separate piston bores are arranged linearly between a bottom dead center and a top dead center movable piston and a low-pressure connection kidney and a high pressure connection kidney having control disk is provided.
• the CH 405 934 shows a Schrägusionnaxialkolbenpumpe whose non-rotating cylinder block for varying the flow rate in dependence on the delivery pressure is longitudinally displaceable, wherein at the pressed by a spring in the direction of increasing the delivery cylinder block a
• Control slide unit is attached with a spool.
• DE 27 33 870 C2 shows a control device for a
• Oblique disk axial piston pump on each side of the cradle for pivoting the swash plate, each a hydraulically acted upon
• Pivot axis of the cradle pivotally mounted plate-shaped control valve spool are controllable and serve to adjust the flow rate of the pump. Disclosure of the invention
• Swash plate machine as axial piston pump and / or axial piston motor, comprising one rotatable about an axis of rotation or
• Piston bores movably mounted pistons, a drive shaft rotatably connected to the cylinder drum, a swivel cradle pivotally mounted about a pivot axis, a weighing storage for the pivoting cradle, at least one pivoting device for pivoting the pivoting cradle, which is connected to the pivoting cradle at each junction, a low pressure opening to a - And / or discharge of hydraulic fluid into and / or out of the rotating piston bores, a high-pressure opening for discharging and / or introducing hydraulic fluid from and / or into the rotating piston bores, wherein in a fictional section with a fictitious
• Low pressure opening is divided on the cylinder drum and the force applied by the at least one pivoting device on the pivoting cradle resulting force, in particular due to the formation and / or arrangement of the at least one connection point on the fictitious second part in the pivoting cradle can be introduced to the pressure forces occurring between the Weighing storage and the pivoting cradle to reduce the fictitious first part.
• the resultant of the at least one pivoting device on the pivoting cradle resulting force, in particular total force is applied to the fictitious second part of the pivoting cradle.
• the indirectly applied by the movably mounted pistons on the pivoting cradle forces are greater on the first fictitious part of the swash plate machine than on the fictitious second part of the swash plate machine, since the located on the fictitious first part of the swash plate machine piston are under high pressure and thereby on the pivoting cradle of the piston is applied to the first part a greater force.
• the weighing storage is to the effect
• the at least one pivoting device is designed as a spindle drive with an electric motor for driving the spindle drive.
• Pivoting means applied to the pivoting cradle resulting force exclusively on the second part in the pivoting cradle and / or the swashplate machine comprises a plurality of pivoting devices and all pivoting devices, which are applied by the pivoting devices on the pivoting cradle resulting forces exclusively at the second part in the pivoting cradle can be introduced.
• the resulting forces are introduced or can be introduced from all the pivoting devices on the second part, in particular exclusively, into the pivoting cradle, so that all resulting forces applied by the pivoting devices to the pivoting cradle contribute to the uniform application of force to the cradle support.
• Pivoting means applied to the pivoting cradle resulting force at a distance of at least 0.2 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm to the fictitious sectional plane at the second part in the
• the pivoting cradle can be introduced and / or the at least one connection point is at a distance of at least 0.2 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm from the notional sectional plane at the second part formed and / or the swash plate machine comprises a plurality of pivoting means and in all pivoting devices, the forces applied to the pivoting cradle resulting forces at a distance of at least 0.2 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm to the fictitious sectional plane at the second part in the pivoting cradle can be introduced and / or the at least one connection point and / or the at least one pivoting device, in particular all connection points and / or all
• Pivoting means is or are formed at a distance of at least 0.2 cm, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm to the notional sectional plane at the second part.
• Sectional plane and of the at least one connection point to the fictitious sectional plane less than 1 cm, 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 10 cm or 20 cm, wherein the distance is aligned perpendicular to the notional sectional plane.
• the swash plate machine has two pivoting devices, in particular only two pivoting devices, on and / or on the
• Swivel cradle are formed two pivot arms and the connection points are formed on an end portion of the pivot arms and / or the at least one connection point, in particular all connection points, is or are, in particular exclusively, formed outside the fictitious sectional plane. In particular, the at least one interface is thus not cut from the fictitious sectional plane.
• Pivoting means an adjusting piston for applying a compressive force on the at least one connection point and preferably the pressure force is aligned in the direction of the axis of rotation to the pivoting cradle.
• Swivel device has an adjusting piston, which is acted upon in particular by a hydraulic fluid, and thereby is of the
• Adjusting piston in particular exclusively, applied a compressive force in the direction of the axis of rotation in the direction of the pivoting cradle of the pivoting device on the pivoting cradle at the connection point.
• the swash plate machine has a housing and the housing is formed in one or more parts and / or the weighing storage is formed by two bearing shells on soft directly or indirectly depending on a bearing portion of the pivoting cradle and the
• Bearing shells are preferably arranged separately in the first and second fictitious part of the swashplate machine.
• the two bearing shells can also be connected to one another by means of a connecting shell of the bearing shell cut from the fictitious sectional plane.
• the bearing shells are formed on the housing and / or the bearing shells and the at least one bearing portion are formed in a section parallel to the fictitious sectional plane of a circle segment.
• a circular segment-shaped design of the bearing shells and the bearing section in the section parallel to the fictitious sectional plane is required to pivotally mount the pivoting cradle about a pivot axis.
• the weighing storage is designed as a sliding bearing and between the bearing shells and the bearing sections is ever a Gleit practiceteil made of metal, z. B. brass, plastic, z. As PTFE, or metal, z. As steel or brass, with plastic coating, z. B. PTFE, arranged.
• the Gleit practiceteil, z. B. PTFE serves to reduce the friction on the sliding bearing.
• the cradle bearing is formed as a rolling bearing and between the bearing shell and the bearing portions
• Rolling elements for example balls or rollers arranged.
• the swashplate machine comprises a valve disk with the high-pressure opening and the low-pressure opening, and the valve disk rests on the cylinder drum, and preferably
• High-pressure opening and low-pressure opening kidney-shaped The high-pressure opening is formed on the first fictitious part and the low-pressure opening is formed on the second fictitious part of the swash plate machine.
• the valve disc is fixed and does not rotate and is located on the rotating cylinder drum directly or indirectly. As a result, the piston bores formed in the cylinder drum can be acted upon alternately with the hydraulic fluid under high pressure or low pressure.
• the swash plate machine has a
• Retaining disc on and on the retaining disc sliding shoes are fixed on soft each a piston is fixed, so that the retaining disc together with the shoes the rotational movement of the cylinder drum with the piston carries out and the retaining disc rests directly or indirectly on the pivoting cradle.
• Inventive drive train for a motor vehicle comprising at least one swash plate machine for converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy and vice versa, at least one pressure accumulator, wherein the swash plate machine as one in this patent application
• the drive train comprises two swash plate machines, which are hydraulically connected to each other and act as a hydraulic transmission and / or the drive train comprises two pressure accumulator ais
• 1 is a longitudinal section of a swash plate machine
• Fig. 2 shows a cross section A-A of FIG. 1 a valve disc of
• Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the pivoting cradle with two
• FIG. 4 shows a cross section of a pivoting cradle and a bearing shell for
• Fig. 5 is a bending beam model of the pivoting cradle
• FIG. 6 shows a drive train for a motor vehicle.
• a swash plate machine 1 shown in a longitudinal section in FIG. 1 serves as an axial piston pump 2 for the conversion or conversion of mechanical Energy (torque, speed) into hydraulic energy (volume flow, pressure) or as axial piston motor 3 for conversion or conversion of hydraulic energy (volume flow, pressure) into mechanical energy (torque,
• a drive shaft 9 is by means of two bearings 10 on a one-piece or multi-part housing 4 of the swash plate machine 1 to a
• Rotation axis 8 rotatably or rotatably mounted (Fig. 1). With the drive shaft 9, a cylinder drum 5 is rotatably connected, so thereby the
• Cylinder drum 5 the rotational movement of the drive shaft 9 carries out with.
• a plurality of piston bores 6 with an arbitrary cross section, for example square or circular, incorporated.
• the longitudinal axes of the piston bores 6 are substantially parallel to the axis of rotation 8 of the drive shaft 9 or the cylinder drum 5
• a pivoting cradle 14 is mounted pivotably about a pivot axis 15 on the housing 4. The pivot axis 15 is perpendicular to the
• the pivoting cradle 14 has a planar or planned support surface 18 for the indirect support of a retaining disk 37, since between the
• Retaining disc 37 and the support surface 18 of the pivoting cradle 14, an intermediate disc 38 is arranged.
• the retaining disc 37 is provided with a plurality of sliding shoes 39 and each sliding block 39 is connected to a respective piston 7.
• Bearing ball 40 (Fig. 1), which is fixed in a bearing cup 59 on the piston 7.
• Bearing pan 59 are both complementary or spherical, so that in a corresponding movement possibility to each other between the bearing ball 40 and the bearing cup 59 to the piston 7, a permanent connection between the piston 7 and the shoe 39 is present.
• the washer 38 serves to frictional forces between the rotating retaining disc 37 and the rotationally fixed and non-rotating around the
• Rotary axis 8 mounted pivoting cradle 14 to reduce. Due to the
• the retaining plate 37 is in constant indirect contact with the support surface 18 of the pivoting cradle 14, this is pressed by a compression spring 41 under a compressive force on the support surface 18.
• the pivoting cradle 14 is - as already mentioned - pivotally mounted about the pivot axis 15 and also has an opening 42 (Fig. 1 and 3) for the implementation of the drive shaft 9.
• a weighing storage 20 is formed and this weighing storage 20 is shown only dashed due to the sectional formation in Fig. 1. At the weighing storage 20 is a
• Bearing shell 21 (Fig. 4) is formed, which in a section perpendicular to the
• Pivot axis 15 of FIG. 1 and 4 is formed circular segment.
• 14 two bearing portions 17 are formed on the pivoting cradle, which are circular segment-shaped in this section.
• the two bearing portions 17 of the pivoting cradle 14 are located on the two bearing shells 21 of the weighing storage 20 indirectly, since between the bearing shell 21 and the bearing portion 17 of the
• Pivoting cradle 14 is arranged in each case a Gleit usuallyteil 23 made of plastic.
• the pivoting cradle 14 is thus by means of a sliding bearing 22 at the
• the support surface 18 according to the sectional formation in Fig. 1 has a pivot angle ⁇ of approximately + 20 °.
• the pivot angle ⁇ is between a fictitious plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 8 and one of the flat bearing surface 18 of
• the pivoting cradle 14 can be pivoted between a pivoting angle ⁇ between + 20 ° and -20 ° by means of two pivoting devices 24.
• a notional sectional plane 33 is oriented perpendicular to the pivot axis 15 of the pivot cradle 14 and parallel to and in the axis of rotation 8 of the cylinder barrel 5, d. H. the axis of rotation 8 lies in the fictitious
• Section plane 33 In Fig. 1, the plane of the notional cutting plane 33 corresponds to 33 and in Fig. 2, the fictitious sectional plane 33 is shown by dashed lines and perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 2.
• the fictitious sectional plane 33 divides the Swash plate machine 1 in a first notional part 34 and a second notional part 35.
• the first notional part 34 is shown in Fig. 1 above the plane and in Fig. 2 left of the fictitious sectional plane 33 and the second fictitious part 35 is below the drawing plane of Fig. 1 and in Fig. 2 right of the fictitious sectional plane 33.
• the two pivoting devices are shown in Fig. 1 above the plane and in Fig. 2 left of the fictitious sectional plane 33 and the second fictitious part 35 is below the drawing plane of Fig. 1 and in Fig. 2 right of the fictitious sectional plane 33.
• the first and second pivoting means 25, 26 as pivoting means 24 are arranged on the second fictitious part 35 and thereby has a
• Cutting plane 33 a distance 36 (Fig. 2 and 5).
• the distance 36 is perpendicular to the notional sectional plane 33 and represents the minimum distance from the middle connection point 32 to the fictitious sectional plane 33.
• the two pivoting devices 24 each have an adjusting piston 29, which is movably mounted in an adjusting cylinder 30.
• the adjusting piston 29 or an axis of the adjusting cylinder 30 is aligned substantially parallel to the axis of rotation 8 of the cylinder drum 5.
• left end portion of the adjusting piston 39 has this one
• Bearing pan 31 in which a bearing ball 19 is mounted.
• the bearing ball 19 on a pivot arm 16 (Fig. 1 to 3) of the pivoting cradle 14 is present.
• the first and second pivoting means 25, 26 is thus connected to a respective pivot ball 19 on a respective pivot arm 16 with the pivoting cradle 14.
• Pivoting cradle 14 are pivoted about the pivot axis 15, since a force is applied to the adjusting piston 29 at the open valve 27, 28. It leads not only the pivoting cradle 14, but also the
• a valve disk 1 1 is located on the end of the cylinder drum 5 shown on the right in FIG. 1, with a kidney-shaped high-pressure opening 12 and a kidney-shaped
• the piston bores 6 of the rotating cylinder drum 5 are thus fluidly connected in an arrangement on the high-pressure opening 12 with the high-pressure opening 12 and in an arrangement on the
• Low-pressure port 13 fluidly connected to the low pressure port 13.
• High-pressure opening 12 is at the first fictitious part 34 and the
• Low pressure port 13 formed on the second fictitious part 35.
• Axial piston pump 2 promoted because the piston 7 perform no strokes in the piston bores 6.
• Piston holes 6 a greater pressure on hydraulic fluid than the piston bores 6 on the second fictitious part 35, which are temporarily in fluid communication with the low-pressure port 13.
• Bearing shell 21 on the first fictitious part 34 has a larger
• junctions 32 have the distance 36 to the fictitious sectional plane 33 and thereby also indicates the resulting pressure force F s of
• a bending beam model for the pivoting cradle 14 is shown.
• a bending beam 43 is mounted on two beam bearings 44, which correspond to the two bearing shells 21.
• the resulting pressure force F z of all pistons 7 and the resulting pressure force acts
• the resulting force F L as a bearing force of the two beam bearings 44 is substantially equal.
• Drive train 45 has an internal combustion engine 46, which drives a planetary gear 48 by means of a shaft 47.
• Planetary gear 48 two shafts 47 are driven, wherein a first shaft 47 is connected to a clutch 49 with a differential gear 56.
• a second or other shaft driven by the planetary gear 48 drives a first swash plate machine 50 through a clutch 49, and the first swash plate machine 50 is hydraulically connected by means of two hydraulic lines 52 to a second swash plate machine 51.
• the first and second swash plate machines 50, 51 thereby form a hydraulic gear 60, and from the second swash plate machine 51, the differential gear 56 can also be driven by means of a shaft 47.
• Differential gear 56 drives the wheels 57 with the wheel shafts 58.
• the drive train 45 has two pressure accumulators 53 as a high-pressure accumulator 54 and as a low-pressure accumulator 55.
• the two accumulators 53 are hydraulically connected by means not shown hydraulic lines with the two swash plate machines 50, 51, thereby mechanical energy of the
• Internal combustion engine 46 can be hydraulically stored in the high pressure accumulator 54 and also in a recuperation of a motor vehicle with the drive train 45 also kinetic energy of the motor vehicle in the high pressure accumulator 54 can be stored hydraulically.
• By means of the hydraulic energy stored in the high-pressure accumulator 54 can with a Swash plate machine 50, 51 additionally the differential gear 56 are driven.
• the two pivoting devices 24 are eccentrically formed on the second fictitious part 35 of the swash plate machine 1, thereby characterized by the two bearing shells 21st
• the plain bearing 22 is thus equipped with a longer life and the cost of producing the swash plate machine 1 can be reduced because the sliding bearing 22 is to be dimensioned only to lower pressure forces.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=48877211

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (3)

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Citations (8)

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• 2012
  • 2012-08-28 DE DE201210215240 patent/DE102012215240A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2013
  • 2013-07-17 EP EP13742181.4A patent/EP2890892A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-07-17 IN IN1593DEN2015 patent/IN2015DN01593A/en unknown
  • 2013-07-17 CN CN201380055766.3A patent/CN104755756B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-07-17 WO PCT/EP2013/065100 patent/WO2014032849A1/de active Application Filing

Patent Citations (8)

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