WO2014027926A2

WO2014027926A2 - Apparatus for the production of a dry building mixture based on expanded perlite

Info

Publication number: WO2014027926A2
Application number: PCT/RU2013/000654
Authority: WO
Inventors: Константин Николаевич МИШИН
Original assignee: Mishin Konstantin Nikolayevich
Priority date: 2012-08-16
Filing date: 2013-07-31
Publication date: 2014-02-20
Also published as: RU2502594C1; WO2014027926A3

Abstract

The technical solution relates to the field of building material manufacture and, more particularly, to equipment for the production of dry building mixtures which contain expanded perlite and are intended for the preparation of mortar directly at building sites for the purposes of the interior and exterior plastering of surfaces such as brick walls, gas-concrete block walls, concrete slabs and metal and wooden sheets, as well as for filling technical voids in building structures. The aim of the claimed technical solution is to provide a continuous automated process for the production of a fine dry building mixture based on expanded perlite with a maximum fraction size of 0.63 mm and Portland cement for the preparation of a finishing putty with enhanced heat insulating, fire retardant and sound insulating properties. This aim is achieved in that in the apparatus for the production of a dry building mixture based on expanded perlite, which contains: a feeding and metering unit for an inert material, comprising a unit for preparing an inert material, an inert material feed hopper and a conveying means; a feeding and metering unit for a binding material, containing a hopper with a screw feed; a mixing unit with a mixer; and a finished mixture dispensing unit comprising a device for packaging the finished mixture, the unit for preparing an inert material (in this case perlite) comprises the following, arranged in order of the production process: a hopper for raw inert material, a screw conveyor, a hopper for preheating the perlite material, and a vertical gas furnace for producing expanded perlite, containing a vertical shaft which is provided with a compensating connector and connects the furnace shaft to a discharge pipe, a turbocyclone gas burner mounted in the bottom part of the furnace and provided with a spark ignition and pipes for supplying gas and primary air to the combustion zone, a charging chute for supplying raw material, level with the top part of the working chamber, and a pipe for supplying secondary tangentially swirled air, combined with the raw material charging chute, the working chamber of the furnace shaft having a double wall that forms a channel for supplying raw material and air; the mixing unit additionally comprises a metering storage hopper; the inert material conveying means is in the form of a screw conveyor; the inert material hopper is equipped with a filter for the fine filtration of air; and the metering storage hopper is connected to a metering hopper for small additives and, via an automatic disc shutter, to a mixer.

Description

Installation for the production of dry mortar based

expanded perlite.

The technical solution relates to the field of production of building materials, namely, equipment for the production of dry building mixtures containing expanded perlite, intended for the preparation of mortar directly at the construction site for interior and facade plastering on surfaces: brick walls, walls from aerated concrete blocks, concrete panels and plates of metal and wooden structures, also for filling technological voids in building structures.

A known production line for the production of dry building mixtures based on a sand-cement mixture with mineral additives, including a loading unit, a sand feeder, a sand preparation unit, including a drying drum combined with an entire line suction system, an elevator, a vibrating screen separating material into fractions and distributing them into hoppers equipped with continuous dispensers, at least one bin for binders, at least one hopper for additives, and these hoppers are provided with a metering devices communicated with a mixer, a drum mixer, a hopper drive ready mix, the filling Ma- bus. (see patent RU, 70247 U1, IPC С04В28 / 00)

The disadvantages of the known line are the increased energy intensity due to the use of a bucket elevator for feeding sand to a vibrating screen, as well as the impossibility of making dry building mixtures of finely dispersed composition containing finely expanded perlite.

The closest technical solution to the claimed installation for the production of dry mixes is a mini-factory for the production of dry building mixtures, containing a flow-metering unit of inert material (in this case sand), including a feed hopper, a conveyor belt, a sand preparation unit, and water content - a living drying drum, a vibrating screen installed at the sand exit from the drum, a hopper of a dry inert material with a shutter for dispensing a certain portion of the material for a certain time into the mixer, and a dispensing th block of binders (cerium- ment and lime) containing hoppers provided with screw feeders, providing a mixer issuing certain portions astringent components sme- unit with respect to the mixer and the finished mixture vschachi unit comprising a hopper goto- howl mixture and device for packaging the finished mixture (see patent RU, N ° 12069 U1, IPC-6 V28S9 / 00).

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions are somewhat increased safety and the reliability of the installation using a skip moved by a winch along a rail to supply sand to a concrete mixer is slightly reduced. In addition, a disadvantage of the known technical solution is the impossibility of manufacturing dry construction mixtures containing finely expanded perlite.

A known furnace for heat treatment of bulk material, such as expanded perlite, contains a vertical shaft with a lower supply of coolant and material and an air inlet in the exhaust gas duct, while a conical chamber with a conical hollow insert is installed coaxially with it inside the furnace shaft, and an air inlet located tangentially in the conical chamber below the upper level of the conical insert, (see AS 423994, MKI F27b 15/00)

The closest furnace to the claimed one is a vertical furnace for the heat treatment of bulk material, mainly perlite, containing a vertical shaft, a burner mounted in its lower part, feed chutes and a cooling chamber installed coaxially with the furnace, while the furnace is equipped with a chipper, at the entrance to the cooling chamber, forming an annular gap with the upper end of the shaft and blades for swirling the flow, mounted in this annular gap and the annular gap between the upper edge of the shaft and the wall Coy cooling chambers for supplying cooling air (see. AS 1384902, MKI-4, F27B1 / 00)

The disadvantages of the known furnaces are the complexity of the design of the unit, providing a swirling flow to intensify the process of abrasion of perlite particles. After processing in a furnace, perlite comes out in the form of a powder whose use in a mortar does not provide it with heat-insulating properties. In addition, in well-known furnaces it is impossible to obtain finely expanded swollen perlite from small fraction raw materials of less than 0.5 mm.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to provide a continuous mechanized process for the production of dry building mixes of finely-fractioned composition based on expanded perlite fraction of not more than 0.63 mm and Portland cement for the preparation of putty of the finishing layer with enhanced heat-insulating, fire-retardant and sound-proofing properties.

The objective is achieved by the fact that in the installation for the production of dry building mixes based on expanded perlite, containing an inert-dosing unit of inert material, including an inert material preparation unit, an inert material and means of transportation, a batching unit of a binder material containing a hopper equipped with a screw feeder, a mixing unit with a mixer and a unit for dispensing the finished mixture, including a device for packaging the finished mixture, an inert material preparation unit (in this case, perlite ), includes an inert material feed hopper installed in the technological sequence, a screw conveyor, a perlite material pre-heating hopper, a vertical gas furnace for expanded expansion perlite containing a vertical shaft, equipped with a compensating sleeve, connecting the shaft of the furnace with a discharge pipe, a turbo-cyclone gas burner mounted in its lower part and equipped with spark ignition, gas supply pipes and primary air supply to the combustion zone, a feed chute for supplying raw materials located at the level of the upper part of the working chamber, a secondary tangentially swirling air supply pipe combined with a heat for supplying raw materials, the working chamber of the furnace shaft being double With the help of a water filter, with the formation of a channel for supplying raw materials with air, the mixing unit additionally contains a storage hopper-dispenser, while the inert material transportation means is made in the form of a screw conveyor, and the inert material hopper is equipped with a fine filter for air purification, and the storage hopper - the dispenser is connected to the hopper-dispenser of small additives and connected to the mixer through an automatic butterfly valve.

Figure 1 shows the installation (General view)

FIG. 2 shows a view of the installation along arrows A in FIG. 1 (top view)

FIG. 3 shows a view of the installation along arrows B in FIG. 2 (side view)

Figure 4 shows a General view of the furnace for expansion of perlite in section.

Introduction to the installation of the inert material preparation unit - perlite, including a vertical furnace, the working chamber is made with a double wall, with the formation of a channel through which raw materials are fed from top to bottom, which are uniformly sprayed with tangentially supplied air and enter the zone of the furnace flame. Evenly dispersed raw materials of a fine fraction of not more than 0.5 mm completely swell to produce expanded perlite with a finely fractional composition, a fraction of not more than 0.63 mm. Providing the installation with an intermediate storage hopper-dispenser connected to hoppers of inert, binder materials and a hopper-dispenser of small additives allows for precise dosing of components to carry out a continuous mechanized process of obtaining a high quality dry building mixture based on fine fractionated expanded perlite fraction not more than 0, 63mm and Portland cement for cooking putty of the finishing layer with enhanced heat-insulating, fire-retardant and sound-proofing properties.

An installation for the production of a dry building mixture contains an inert-dosing unit of inert material, including an inert material preparation unit, in this case perlite, containing in the technological sequence the hopper 1 of the raw material perlite fraction not more than 0.5 mm, a screw conveyor 2 , hopper 3 for preheating inert material - perlite, a vertical gas furnace 4 for discharging expanded perlite, a hopper 5 for expanded perlite, equipped with means for transporting inert material - woven perlite in the form of a screw conveyor 6, a level sensor and a filter 7 for fine air purification. The installation contains a consumable and dosage unit of binder material, in this case Portland cement, containing a hopper 8 included in the BIG-BEG unloading station. The hopper 8 is equipped with a screw feeder 10. The installation contains a mixing unit with a mixer 11, for example, a JS-500 twin-roll mixer, equipped with an additional storage hopper-metering device 12, which communicates with the mixer 11 through an automatic disk shutter and a small additive dispenser 13 moreover, the screw feeder 10 of the binding material is connected to the storage hopper-dispenser 12. The installation contains a unit for dispensing the finished mixture, including a device for packaging 1 of the finished mixture, made in the form of a filling station for valve m shkov. The vertical gas furnace 4 for the release of expanded perlite includes a shaft 15, a turbocyclone gas burner 16 mounted in its lower part and equipped with spark ignition in the form of a candle 17, a gas supply pipe 18 and a primary air supply pipe 19 to the combustion zone , a feed chute 20 for supplying raw materials located in the upper part of the working chamber 21 and a tangential secondary air supply pipe 22, combined with a raw material supply pipe, the working chamber 21 of the furnace shaft being made with a double wall to form a channel 23 for feed air. The burner 16 is mounted vertically to adjust the torch. The working chamber 21 of the furnace shaft is connected by means of a compensating corrugation 24 (to quench the thermal expansion of the furnace) with a pipe 25 that removes gases and expanded perlite into the hopper 5.

Installation works as follows.

Raw perlite, fractions, for example, 0.5 mm (the best option), are poured into hopper 1 and fed using a screw conveyor 2 to hopper 3 for preheating an inert perlite material. Open the air damper of the furnace fan to the full load position. The fan is turned on and the air flows through the pipe 19 to the gas burner 16 and the air enters through the nozzles along the perimeter of the gas burner it is fed into the furnace for ventilation of the working combustion chamber 21 of the furnace 4. Then, the air damper is switched to the ignition position, the gas supply valve is opened. The gas through the pipe 18 enters the gas burner is mixed with air and forms a gas-air mixture which from the candle 17 lights up and heats the working chamber. At a steady stable temperature of about 1100 - 1150 ° C in the center of the working chamber of the furnace, secondary tangentially swirling air is fed into the furnace through pipe 22 and, when the valve is opened, the feeder feeds perlite from the hopper 3 for preheating it through the heat. Perlite caught in the air is heated and sprayed in the channel 23 and enters the working chamber 21 evenly sprayed. When instantly heated, 0.5 mm perlite particles swell to a size of no more than 0.63 mm and with a stream of exhaust gases flow through a discharge pipe 25 to hopper 5. The dust-like perlite particles with combustion products enter the fine air filter 7 and are separated . When the level sensor of the filling level of the hopper 5 is activated, the screw conveyor 6 is turned on and the expanded perlite from the hopper 5 is fed to the storage hopper-dispenser 12 until the filling level sensor is triggered. Using a small dispenser 13, additives are added to the storage hopper-dispenser 12 of the additive mixer and with a screw conveyor 10 from hopper 8 — binder — Portland cement until the weight sensor is triggered. Then the automatic shutter opens and the mixture from the collecting hopper 12 enters mixer I. In the mixer, the mixture is thoroughly mixed and Packed in valve bags using the filling station.

A plant that provides a mechanized process for the production of a dry building mixture of fine-grained composition based on Portland cement and expanded perlite fraction of less than 0.63 mm for the preparation of puttying of the finish layer with enhanced heat-insulating, fire-retardant and sound-proofing properties will find application in construction.

Claims

CLAIM

An installation for the production of dry construction mixtures, comprising an inert material dispensing unit, including an inert material preparation unit, an inert material consumable hopper and transportation means, an adhesive dispensing material consumable unit containing a hopper provided with a screw feeder, a mixing unit with a mixer and a unit for dispensing the finished mixture, including a device for packaging the finished mixture, characterized in that the inert material preparation unit, perlite, includes those installed in t of a technological sequence, an inert material feed hopper, a screw conveyor, a perlite material pre-heating hopper, a vertical gas furnace for expanding expanded perlite containing a vertical shaft, a turbine cyclone gas burner mounted in its lower part and equipped with spark ignition, gas supply nozzles and supplying primary air to the combustion zone, feed chutes for supplying raw materials, a secondary air supply pipe, combined with a raw material supply pipe, moreover, a mine working chamber the furnace is made with a double wall, with the formation of a channel for supplying raw materials with air, while the means of transporting the inert material to the mixer is made in the form of a screw conveyor, and the hopper for the inert material is equipped with an air fine filter, and the mixing unit additionally contains a storage hopper dispenser and hopper-dispenser of small additives, in communication with the storage hopper-dispenser connected to the mixer through an automatic disk lock.