RU123366U1 - INSTALLATION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DRY BUILDING MIX ON THE BASIS OF EXPLOSED PERLITE - Google Patents

Abstract

An installation for the production of a dry mortar based on expanded perlite, containing a consumable-dosage unit of inert material, including a unit for preparation of inert material, a consumable bin of inert material and a means of transportation, a consumable-dosage unit of a binder material containing a bin equipped with a screw feeder, a mixing unit with mixer and a unit for dispensing the finished mixture, including a device for packaging the finished mixture, characterized in that the unit for the preparation of inert material includes a bunker of raw materials of inert material installed in the technological sequence, a screw conveyor, a bin for preheating material-perlite, a vertical gas furnace for the release of expanded perlite, containing a vertical shaft equipped with a compensation sleeve connecting the furnace shaft with a discharge pipeline, a turbocyclone gas burner mounted in its lower part and equipped with a spark ignition, gas supply and gas supply pipes raw air into the combustion zone, a loading chute for feeding raw materials located at the level of the upper part of the working chamber, a branch pipe for supplying secondary tangentially swirled air, combined with a chute for feeding raw materials, and the working chamber of the furnace shaft is made with a double wall with the formation of a channel for feeding raw materials with air, the mixing unit additionally contains a storage hopper-dispenser, while the means for transporting inert material is made in the form of a screw conveyor, and the hopper for inert material is equipped with a fine air filter, and the storage hopper is d�

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of production of building materials, namely, equipment for the production of dry building mixtures containing expanded perlite, intended for the preparation of mortar directly at the construction site for interior and facade plastering on surfaces: brick walls, walls made of aerated concrete blocks, concrete panels and slabs of metal and wooden structures, also for filling technological voids in building structures.

A known production line for the production of dry building mixes based on a sand-cement mixture with mineral additives, including a loading unit, a sand feeder, a sand preparation unit, including a drying drum combined with an entire line aspiration system, an elevator, a vibrating screen separating the material into fractions and dispensing them into hoppers equipped with continuous dispensers, at least one bin for binders, at least one hopper for additives, and these hoppers are provided with metering devices with a mixer, a drum mixer, a bunker, a store for the finished mixture, a filling machine. (see patent RU, No. 70247 U1, IPC С04В 28/00)

The disadvantages of the known line are the increased energy intensity due to the use of a bucket elevator for feeding sand to a vibrating screen, as well as the impossibility of making dry building mixtures of finely divided composition containing finely expanded perlite.

The closest technical solution to the claimed installation for the production of dry mixes is a mini-plant for the production of dry building mixtures, containing a flow-metering unit of inert material (in this case sand), including a feed hopper, belt conveyor, sand preparation unit containing a drying drum , a vibrating screen installed at the sand exit from the drum, a dry inert material hopper with a shutter for dispensing a certain portion of the material for a certain time to the mixer, consumable and dosing b a binder of cementitious materials (cement and lime), containing metering hoppers equipped with screw feeders that provide a certain portion of binder components to the mixer, a mixing unit with a mixer and a ready-mix unit, including a ready-mix bin and a device for packaging the finished mixture (see RU patent, No. 12069 U1, IPC-6 В28С 9/00).

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions are somewhat increased safety and the reliability of the installation using a skip moved by a winch along a rail to supply sand to a concrete mixer is slightly reduced. In addition, a disadvantage of the known technical solution is the impossibility of manufacturing dry construction mixtures containing finely expanded perlite.

A known furnace for the heat treatment of bulk material, for example expanded perlite, contains a vertical shaft with a lower supply of coolant and material and an air inlet in the exhaust gas duct, while a conical chamber with a conical hollow insert is installed coaxially with it and the air inlet is tangentially located in the conical chamber below the upper level of the conical insert (see a.s. 423994, MKI F27b 15/00)

The closest furnace to the claimed one is a vertical furnace for heat treatment of bulk material, mainly perlite, containing a vertical shaft, a burner mounted in its lower part, feed chutes and a cooling chamber installed coaxially with the furnace, while the furnace is equipped with a chipper installed at the inlet cooling chamber, forming with the upper end of the shaft an annular gap and blades for swirling the flow mounted in this annular gap and an annular gap between the upper edge of the shaft and the wall second cooling chambers for supplying cooling air (see. AS 1384902, MKI-4, F27B 1/00)

The disadvantages of the known furnaces is the complexity of the design of the site, providing a swirling flow to intensify the abrasion of perlite particles. Perlite after processing in the furnace comes out in the form of a powder whose use in the building mixture does not provide it with thermal insulation properties. In addition, in known furnaces it is impossible to obtain finely expanded swollen perlite from a fine fraction of less than 0.5 mm.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to provide a continuous mechanized process for the production of dry building mixes of finely-fractioned composition based on expanded perlite fraction of not more than 0.63 mm and Portland cement for the preparation of puttying of the finish layer with enhanced heat-insulating, fire-retardant and sound-proofing properties.

The objective is achieved in that in an installation for the production of a dry building mixture based on expanded perlite containing an inert material metering unit, including an inert material preparation unit, an inert material consumable unit and transportation means, a metering unit for cementitious material containing a bin equipped with a screw feeder, a mixing unit with a mixer and a unit for dispensing the finished mixture, including a device for packaging the finished mixture, an inert material preparation unit (in in this case, perlite), includes an inert material feed hopper installed in the technological sequence, a screw conveyor, a perlite material pre-heating hopper, a vertical gas furnace for expanding expanded perlite containing a vertical shaft equipped with a compensating sleeve connecting the furnace shaft to the discharge pipe, and a gas turbo cyclone a burner mounted in its lower part and equipped with spark ignition, gas supply pipes and primary air supply to the combustion zone, an accurate heat supply for supplying raw materials located at the level of the upper part of the working chamber, a secondary tangentially swirling air supply nozzle combined with a heat supply for supplying raw materials, the working chamber of the furnace shaft being made with a double wall to form a channel for supplying raw materials with air, the mixing unit is additionally contains a storage hopper-dispenser, while the inert material transport means is made in the form of a screw conveyor, and the inert material hopper is equipped with a fine air filter ha, moreover, the storage hopper-dispenser is connected to the hopper-dispenser of small additives and is connected to the mixer through an automatic butterfly valve.

Figure 1 shows the installation (General view)

In Fig.2 shows a view of the installation along arrows A in Fig.1 (top view)

Figure 3 shows the installation view along arrows B in figure 2 (side view)

Figure 4 shows a General view of the furnace for expansion of perlite in section. An introduction to the installation of the inert material preparation unit, perlite, which includes a vertical furnace whose working chamber is made with a double wall, with the formation of a channel through which raw materials are fed from top to bottom, which are uniformly atomized by tangentially supplied air and enter the zone of the furnace plume. Evenly sprayed raw materials of a fine fraction of not more than 0.5 mm completely swell to produce expanded perlite with a finely divided composition, fractions of not more than 0.63 mm. Providing the installation with an intermediate storage hopper-dispenser connected to hoppers of inert binder materials and a hopper-dispenser of small additives allows for accurate metering of components to carry out a continuous mechanized process of obtaining high quality dry building mix based on fine fractionated expanded perlite fraction of not more than 0.63 mm and Portland cement for the preparation of putty of the finish layer with enhanced heat-insulating, fire-retardant and sound-proofing properties.

An installation for the production of a dry building mixture, contains an inert-dosing unit of inert material, including an inert material preparation unit, in this case perlite, containing in the technological sequence the hopper 1 of the raw material perlite fraction of not more than 0.5 mm, the screw conveyor 2, the preliminary hopper 3 heating of inert material - perlite, vertical gas furnace 4 for the release of expanded perlite, hopper 5 expanded perlite, equipped with a means of transporting inert material - expanded nnogo perlite as a screw conveyor 6, the level sensor and the fine filter 7 for cleaning of air. The installation contains a consumable and dosage unit of binder material, in this case Portland cement, containing a hopper 8 included in the BIG-BEG unloading station. The hopper 8 is equipped with a screw feeder 10. The installation contains a mixing unit with a mixer 11, for example, a JS-500 twin-roll mixer, equipped with an additional storage hopper-dispenser 12, which communicates with the mixer 11 through an automatic disk shutter and a small additive dispenser 13, while the screw the binder feeder 10 is connected to a storage hopper-dispenser 12. The installation contains a unit for dispensing the finished mixture, including a device for packaging 14 of the finished mixture, made in the form of a valve bag packing station ov. The vertical gas furnace 4 for the release of expanded perlite includes a shaft 15, a turbo-cyclone gas burner 16 mounted in its lower part and provided with spark ignition in the form of a candle 17, a gas supply pipe 18 and a primary air supply pipe 19 to the combustion zone, a feed flow 20 for supplying raw materials located in the upper part of the working chamber 21 and the pipe 22 of the tangential supply of secondary air, combined with the pipe of the supply of raw materials, and the working chamber 21 of the furnace shaft is made with a double wall, with the formation of the channel 23 for raw materials with air. The burner 16 is mounted vertically to adjust the torch. The working chamber 21 of the furnace shaft is connected by means of a compensation corrugation 24 (to quench the thermal expansion of the furnace) with a pipe 25 that exhausts gases and expanded perlite into the hopper 5.

Installation works as follows.

Raw perlite, fractions, for example, 0.5 mm (optimal option), are poured into hopper 1 and fed using a screw conveyor 2 to hopper 3 for preheating an inert perlite material. Open the air damper of the furnace fan to the full load position. The fan is turned on and air is supplied through the pipe 19 to the gas burner 16 and along the perimeter of the gas burner, air enters the furnace through the nozzles to ventilate the working combustion chamber 21 of the furnace 4. Then, the air damper is set to the ignition position and the gas supply valve is opened. Gas through the pipe 18 enters the gas burner is mixed with air and forms a gas-air mixture which from the candle 17 lights up and heats the working chamber. At a steady stable temperature of about 1100-1150 ° C in the center of the working chamber of the furnace, secondary tangentially swirling air is fed into the furnace through the pipe 22 and, opening the valve, the feeder feeds perlite from the hopper 3 to preheat it through the heat. Perlite picked up by air is heated and sprayed in the channel 23 and enters the working chamber 21 evenly sprayed. With instant heating, perlite particles of a fraction of 0.5 mm swell to a size of no more than 0.63 mm and with a stream of exhaust gases flow through a discharge pipe 25 to the hopper 5. The dust-like perlite particles with combustion products enter the fine air filter 7 and are separated. When the level sensor of the filling level of the hopper 5 is activated, the screw conveyor 6 is turned on and the expanded perlite from the hopper 5 is fed to the storage hopper-dispenser 12 until the filling level sensor is triggered. Using a small dispenser 13, they are loaded into the storage hopper-dispenser 12 of the additive mixer and with a screw conveyor 10 from the hopper 8 — binder — Portland cement until the weight sensor is activated. Then the automatic shutter opens and the mixture from the storage hopper-dispenser 12 enters the mixer 11. In the mixer, the mixture is thoroughly mixed and Packed using the filling station in valve bags.

A plant that provides a mechanized process for the production of a dry building mixture of finely-fractioned composition based on Portland cement and expanded perlite fraction of less than 0.63 mm for the preparation of puttying of the finishing layer with enhanced heat-insulating, fire-retardant and sound-proofing properties will find application in construction.

Claims (1)

An installation for the production of a dry building mixture based on expanded perlite, comprising a consumable and dosage block of inert material, including an inert material preparation unit, a consumable hopper of inert material and a transportation means, a consumable and dosage block of cement material containing a hopper equipped with a screw feeder, a mixing block with a mixer and a unit for dispensing the finished mixture, including a device for packaging the finished mixture, characterized in that the inert material preparation unit includes the inert material feed hopper, an auger conveyor, a perlite material pre-heating hopper, a vertical gas furnace for releasing expanded perlite, comprising a vertical shaft equipped with a compensating coupling connecting the furnace shaft to a discharge pipe, a turbine cyclone gas burner mounted in its lower sequence parts and equipped with spark ignition, gas supply pipes and primary air supply to the combustion zone, feed chute for supplying raw materials, laid at the level of the upper part of the working chamber, a secondary tangentially swirling air supply pipe combined with a chute for supplying raw materials, the working chamber of the furnace shaft being made with a double wall to form a channel for supplying raw materials with air, the mixing unit further comprises a storage hopper, with this means of transporting inert material is made in the form of a screw conveyor, and the hopper for the inert material is equipped with a fine filter of air, and the storage hopper congestion is connected to the hopper of small additions and is connected to the mixer via the automatic butterfly valve.