WO2014018583A1 - Gant tridimensionnel ayant une couche d'amélioration de performance stratifiée sur celui-ci - Google Patents

Gant tridimensionnel ayant une couche d'amélioration de performance stratifiée sur celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014018583A1
WO2014018583A1 PCT/US2013/051760 US2013051760W WO2014018583A1 WO 2014018583 A1 WO2014018583 A1 WO 2014018583A1 US 2013051760 W US2013051760 W US 2013051760W WO 2014018583 A1 WO2014018583 A1 WO 2014018583A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glove
shell
glove shell
laminate preform
layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/051760
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Charles A. Howland
Original Assignee
Warwick Mills, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Warwick Mills, Inc. filed Critical Warwick Mills, Inc.
Priority to EP13822812.7A priority Critical patent/EP2877048A4/fr
Priority to CA2878234A priority patent/CA2878234A1/fr
Publication of WO2014018583A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014018583A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D19/00—Gloves
    • A41D19/015—Protective gloves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D19/00—Gloves
    • A41D19/015—Protective gloves
    • A41D19/01547—Protective gloves with grip improving means
    • A41D19/01558—Protective gloves with grip improving means using a layer of grip improving material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2274/00—Thermoplastic elastomer material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2437/00—Clothing
    • B32B2437/02—Gloves, shoes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to protective gloves, and more particularly, to three dimensional gloves that closely approximate the shape of a hand and include at least one performance-enhancing layer applied to an underlying glove shell.
  • gloves are created by bonding flat sheets of elastomeric films and/or nonwoven materials to each other to form flat 2D gloves. Others are sewn from textile rolls and/or flat leather panels into 3D gloves that roughly approximate the shape of a hand. Still others, for example latex gloves, are formed by dipping hand shaped forms into elastomeric coating liquids, thereby forming elastomeric gloves that closely approximate the 3D shape of a hand. And yet others are knit by specialized glove knitting machines into 3D gloves that closely approximate to the shape of a hand. While 2D gloves and 3D gloves that only roughly approximate the shape of a hand are often cheaper to manufacture, the complex shape and ⁇
  • a glove it is sometimes desirable for a glove to include one or more materials that enhance its performance in one way or another. For example, it may be desirable to include an elastomeric material on the palm and inner finger surfaces, so as to increase friction in those areas and enhance the glove's gripping properties. Or it may be desirable to include a material such as para-aramid in the glove to increase its strength and cut resistance. The addition of other materials and/or fillers may be desired due to their resistance to penetration by sharp objects, such as rose thorns or hypodermic needles.
  • a glove shell may be manufactured from cotton or from some other suitable material that is relatively easy to knit, dip, or otherwise form in an accurate 3D hand shape according to cost-effective methods well known in the art.
  • a grip-enhancing layer and/or an anti-penetration layer can then be added to the palm and/or inner finger surfaces so as to enhance the grip and/or increase the protective qualities of the glove.
  • the entire glove can be covered by enhancing materials if so desired.
  • a performance-enhancing layer can be sewn to a glove shell, but this is a labor-intensive step, especially if the 3D shape of the shell is to be maintained.
  • Another approach is to partially or fully dip the glove shell into a coating liquid, whereby the accurate 3D hand shape of the glove shell is preserved.
  • the basic dipping process used for making latex gloves is adapted slightly. The sewn or knit glove shell is mounted on a hand-shaped dipping form, and then the form and shell are dipped together so as to coat some or all of the glove shell surface with the enhancing material.
  • dipping as a method for applying performance-enhancing layers to a 3D glove shell.
  • dipping cannot be used to apply highly filler-loaded elastomers, textile layers or oriented films.
  • Dipping also cannot be used to apply printed graphics to the glove.
  • dipping tends to provide a relatively thick coating that significantly reduces the flexibility of the glove.
  • any coating material applied by dipping must be in a liquid state when the glove shell is dipped.
  • the viscosity of the liquid coating material must be low enough to permit immersion of the form and glove shell in the coating material, and to permit excess coating material to flow away from the dipped shell by gravity and/or by acceleration of the dipping form.
  • Blades and other types of coating control tooling are incompatible with dipping.
  • dipping viscosities must typically be within a range of about 1 - l OK centipoise.
  • US patent 7007308 also by the present inventor, describes a method for applying performance-enhancing layers to the inner and/or outer surfaces of a glove, whereby a flat, solid layer of a material having the desired properties is attached to a glove shell by an adhesive, such as a thermoplastic.
  • an adhesive such as a thermoplastic.
  • US patent 7007308 teaches how to use this approach for flat, 2D glove shells. However, US patent 7007308 is silent regarding adhesion of a solid, preformed enhancement layer to a glove shell having an accurate 3D hand shape. In addition, US patent 70073808 is silent regarding features and methods that reduce the likelihood that edges of the applied enhancing layer will peel away from the shell.
  • performance-enhancing layer adhesively applied to a 3D hand-shaped knit or woven glove shell, and whereby the performance-enhancing layer includes at least one feature that cannot be provided by dipping of the glove shell in a coating material.
  • the present invention is a glove having a 3D shape that closely approximates the shape of a human hand, wherein the glove includes a
  • performance-enhancing layer adhesively applied to a 3D hand-shaped knit or woven glove shell, and whereby the performance-enhancing layer includes at least one feature that cannot be provided by dipping of the glove shell in a coating material.
  • the method of the present invention includes preparing a solid, thin, flat, performance-enhancing layer, referred to herein as the "laminate preform," or simply as the “laminate.”
  • the laminate preform includes a laminating adhesive on one of its outer surfaces.
  • the 3D glove shell is placed on a 3D laminating form that provides a smooth, wrinkle-free laminating surface.
  • the laminate preform is then placed on the glove shell so that the layer of laminating adhesive is in contact with the laminating surface, and pressure is applied at an elevated temperature so as to adhesively attach the laminate layer to the glove shell.
  • the 3D laminating form includes opposing flat surfaces, and the laminating pressure is applied by a platen press, a roller press, or some other type of press that is designed to apply pressure to a substantially planar surface.
  • the laminating surface is curved or otherwise shaped, and the laminating pressure is applied by a bladder press or a vacuum bag press.
  • This adhesion process can include all the typical process variables used in lamination, including heat, pressure and reactive adhesives.
  • the lamination adhesive can include a thermoplastic, a pressure sensitive adhesive, and/or a reactive adhesive.
  • Embodiments of the present invention include laminate preforms that are much thinner than can be achieved with dipping processes. In some
  • the thickness of the laminate preform is between 25 microns and 75 microns, which provides a low bending stiffness. Even in the embodiments where textile inserts and textile components are used in the laminate preforms, the circular bending stiffness is much lower than what can be provided by a dipped glove, and very much lower than what is found in gloves that include multiple layers of protective textile and dipped surfaces.
  • penetration of the lamination adhesive into the glove shell is controlled, since the stiffness of the glove tends to increase as more adhesive penetrates into the textile of the glove shell, and soft, flexible gloves are typically desired.
  • the use of non-liquid thin film adhesives in embodiments of the present invention provides excellent adhesion and very controlled and limited penetration of the lamination adhesive into the textile shell.
  • thin adhesive films of between 6 and 50 microns are used, so as to provide only limited penetration of the adhesive into the fibers of the glove shell. This approach is combined in some embodiments with thin laminate preforms to maximize the circular bending performance.
  • the glove shell is reversibly deformable, whereby it is deformed while it is on the 3D laminating form and then returns to its accurate 3D hand-shape after the laminate preform is applied and the resulting glove is removed from the form.
  • the performance-enhancing feature provided by the laminate that cannot be provided by dipping is an oriented film, a highly filler- loaded elastomer, a fabric layer, and/or printed graphics.
  • preparation of the laminate preform includes printing, roll to roll coating, extrusion, stenting, blown extrusion, weaving, and/or knitting.
  • Coatings create a barrier film on the glove that protects the wearer • Coatings have higher coefficients of friction than textiles, so they improve the grip of the glove
  • Coatings have higher abrasion resistance than textiles and improve the
  • the laminate preforms of the present invention offer the same benefits.
  • the materials and processing options enabled by the present invention can deliver these benefits with much lower impact on the stiffness of the glove.
  • One general aspect of the present invention is a glove having a three- dimensional shape that approximates the shape of a human hand.
  • the glove includes a knit or woven glove shell having a three-dimensional shape that approximates the shape of a human hand, the glove shell having an interior surface and an exterior surface, and a laminate preform bonded by a lamination adhesive layer to a portion of the exterior surface of the glove shell, the laminate preform including an enhancement feature that cannot be provided by dipping the glove shell into a liquid coating material.
  • the enhancement feature is a textile layer, an oriented film, a layer of graphics, an elastomeric layer including a filler having a density that would cause the filler to settle if added to the liquid coating material, or an elastomeric layer including a filler having a density that, if added to the liquid coating material, would increase a viscosity of the liquid coating material, thereby rendering the liquid coating material unsuitable for dip-coating the glove shell.
  • the enhancement feature is an elastomeric layer including a filler having a density of between 2 and 14.
  • the laminate preform includes a grip layer on an outer surface thereof.
  • the lamination adhesive layer has a surface energy greater than 30 mJ/m 2 .
  • the lamination adhesive layer includes at least one of a thermoplastic, a pressure sensitive adhesive, and a reactive adhesive.
  • the lamination adhesive layer is one of SBR and urethane. In other embodiments the lamination adhesive layer is a film having a thickness of between 6 microns and 50 microns.
  • the bonding of the laminate preform to the glove shell is such that a 1 inch ASTM T peel sample having the same bonding properties would have a 5 average peak peel forces of greater than 5 lbf/inch.
  • the glove shell is knit or woven from a textile having a total surface energy of greater than 40 mJ/m 2 . In some embodiments, the glove shell is knit or woven from one of cotton and nylon.
  • the laminate preform includes an exposed upper layer, whereby the upper layer and the lamination adhesive layer extend beyond any intervening layers so that the perimeter of the upper layer is bonded by the lamination adhesive layer directly to the glove shell.
  • the upper layer is a thermoplastic urethane, and the glove shell is knit or woven from nylon. In other of these embodiments the upper layer is an elastomeric film of greater than 100% elongation.
  • Various embodiments further include an inner laminate preform bonded to an inner surface of the glove shell. And some embodiments further include an inner cut-and-sew glove lining.
  • Another general aspect of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a glove having a three-dimensional shape approximating the shape of a human hand, the glove including a laminate preform attached by a lamination adhesive to a portion of an underlying glove shell.
  • the method includes providing a glove shell having a three-dimensional shape that approximates the shape of a human hand, preparing a flat, solid laminate preform, the laminate preform including an exposed layer of lamination adhesive, providing a three dimensional laminating form having a hand-shaped region, the hand-shaped region including a smooth laminating surface, placing the glove shell on the laminating form so that the glove shell surrounds the hand-shaped region, and so that a portion of the glove shell conforms closely to the laminating surface without any seam or wrinkle, placing the laminate preform on the glove shell above the laminating surface, the exposed layer of lamination adhesive being in direct contact with the glove shell, applying a pressure above ambient pressure at a temperature above ambient temperature to the assembled laminate preform, glove shell, and laminating form, thereby causing the lamination adhesive to bond the laminate preform to the glove shell, and removing the glove shell with the laminate preform bonded thereto from the laminating form.
  • the hand-shaped region of the laminating form includes a pair of opposing areas that are overlapping, substantially flat, and substantially parallel to each other, the laminating surface being included in one of the opposing areas.
  • applying pressure to the assembled lamination preform, glove shell, and laminating form includes applying pressure using at least one of a platen press, a roll press, a belt press, and a nip roll press.
  • the laminating surface is a non-flat, smooth surface.
  • applying pressure to the assembled lamination preform, glove shell, and laminating form includes applying pressure using at least one of a bladder press and a vacuum bag press.
  • the glove shell is reversibly deformable, placing the glove shell on the laminating form includes deforming the glove shell, and removing the glove shell with the laminate preform bonded thereto from the laminating form includes allowing the glove shell with laminate preform bonded thereto to recover substantially to the pre-deformation shape of the glove shell.
  • the shape recovery of the glove shell is disproportionately located in regions of the glove shell to which the laminate preform is not bonded, thereby causing a warping deformation of the laminate preform.
  • placing the glove shell on the laminating form includes increasing the circumferences of the glove shell fingers by a factor of between 10% and 60%.
  • Various embodiments further include, before placing the lamination preform on the glove shell, removing substantially all spin finish and lubricants from the portion of the glove shell that conforms closely to the laminating surface, such that a Soxhlet extraction with acetone yields less than 1.5% by weight of the textile.
  • Certain embodiments further include, before placing the lamination preform on the glove shell, removing substantially all spin finish and lubricants from the portion of the glove shell that conforms closely to the laminating surface, such that a Soxhlet extraction with acetone yields less than 0.5% by weight of the textile.
  • the laminate preform includes at least one of a textile layer, an oriented film, a layer of graphics, a filler having a density that would cause the filler to settle if added to the liquid coating material, and a filler having a density that, if added to the liquid coating material, would increase a viscosity of the liquid coating material, thereby rendering the liquid coating material unsuitable for dip-coating the glove shell.
  • preparing the flat, solid laminate preform includes at least one of printing, roll to roll coating, extrusion, stenting, blown extrusion, weaving, and knitting.
  • the pressure above ambient pressure is between 5 psi and 150 psi above ambient pressure. And in various embodiments the temperature above ambient temperature is between 200 degrees Fahrenheit and 375 degrees Fahrenheit.
  • Some embodiments further include preparing a flat, solid inner laminate preform, the inner laminate preform including an exposed layer of inner lamination adhesive and placing the inner laminate preform on the laminating form before placing the glove shell on the laminating form, so that the inner lamination adhesive is in direct contact with the inner surface of the glove shell, where applying pressure to the assembled laminate preform, glove shell, inner laminate preform, and laminating form causes the inner lamination adhesive to bond the inner laminate preform to the inner surface of the glove shell.
  • inventions further include attaching a cut-and-sew inner liner inside of the glove shell before placing the inner lining and glove shell on the laminating form.
  • Figure 1A is a front perspective view of a laminating form and a laminate preform before assembly
  • Figure IB is a front perspective view of a laminating form, a glove shell, and a laminate preform assembled in preparation for lamination;
  • Figure 1 C is a cross sectional view of Figure IB taken through the finger region;
  • Figure ID is a cross sectional view of Figure IB taken through the palm region;
  • Figure 2A is a cross sectional view similar to Figure ID, but of an embodiment wherein the laminate preform includes a graphics layer between an outer layer and an adhesive layer;
  • Figure 2B is a front view of an embodiment similar to Figure 2 A, showing a graphics layer visible below a transparent outer layer;
  • Figure 3 is a cross sectional view similar to Figure 2, but of an embodiment wherein the laminate preform includes an oriented film between an outer layer and an adhesive layer, the outer layer and adhesive layers being extended beyond the film layer so that the circumference of the outer layer is bonded directly to the glove shell;
  • Figure 4 is a cross sectional view similar to Figure 3, but of an embodiment wherein the laminate preform includes a fabric layer between the outer layer and the adhesive layer;
  • Figure 5 is a cross sectional view similar to Figure 4, but of an embodiment wherein the laminate preform includes both a fabric layer and a filled elastomer layer between the outer layer and the adhesive layer;
  • Figure 6 is a cross sectional view similar to Figure 3, but of an embodiment that also includes an inner laminate preform bonded to an inner surface of the glove shell;
  • Figure 7 is a cross sectional view similar to Figure 3, but of an embodiment that also includes a cut-and-sew liner attached within the glove shell;
  • Figure 8A is a cross-sectional view similar to Figure 1 C, except that the glove shell fingers are reversibly deformed by the fingers of the laminating form;
  • Figure 8B is a cross sectional view of the glove fingers of Figure 8A after having been removed from the laminating form and having recovered from deformation;
  • Figure 9 is a cross sectional view of the embodiment of Figure 1 C being laminated in a platen press
  • Figure 10 is a cross sectional view of an embodiment similar to the embodiment of Figure 1 C but wherein the laminate preform extends to the sides of the glove shell fingers, the embodiment being laminated in a bladder press;
  • Figure 1 1 A is a bar graph comparing a knit glove with no applied enhancement layer with a knit glove to which a TPU laminate preform has been applied, and demonstrating that the knit glove with laminate preform is 72% softer than a knit glove that has been palm dipped;
  • Figure 1 IB is a bar graph showing that a knit glove with a TPU and textile laminate preform applied to the palm is 48% softer than a knit glove that has been palm-dipped with PVC only;
  • Figure 1 1 C is a bar graph showing that a knit glove with a para-aramid textile and urethane laminate preform applied to the palm is 54% softer than a para-aramid knit glove that has been palm dipped with only nitrile;
  • Figure 1 ID is a bar graph showing that a knit glove with a TPU laminate preform and including a textile insert is 82% softer than a knit glove that has been nitrile dipped;
  • Figure 1 IE is a bar graph showing that a knit glove with a TPU laminate preform applied to the palm and including a 2 ply textile insert is 98% softer than a knit glove with a latex palm dip and a 3 -ply textile insert.
  • the present invention is a glove having a 3D shape that closely approximates the shape of a human hand, wherein the glove includes a
  • performance-enhancing layer adhesively applied to a 3D hand-shaped knit or woven glove shell, and whereby the performance-enhancing layer includes at least one feature that cannot be provided by dipping of the glove shell in a coating material.
  • the method of the present invention includes preparing and assembling one or more solid, flat, performance- enhancing layers 100, referred to herein collectively as the "laminate preform," or simply as the "laminate.”
  • the knit or woven 3D glove shell 102 is placed on a 3D laminating form 104 that provides at least one smooth, wrinkle-free laminating surface 106, and the laminate preform 100 is then placed in contact with the laminating surface 106.
  • a non-liquid, thin film laminating adhesive 108 is included between the laminate preform 100 and the glove shell (and in some embodiments also between layers of the laminate preform).
  • the laminate adhesive 108 is a solid at ambient pressure and temperature, and is included at least on one of the outward-facing surfaces of the laminate preform 100.
  • the laminate preform 100 be well bonded to the glove shell 102, since poor bonding could result in premature product failure.
  • Two factors are critical to the quality of the bond between the laminate preform 100 and the glove shell 102.
  • the surface of the glove shell fiber must be free of spin finish and lubricants that are used in production of yarns and textiles. A suitable scouring process is generally required, and the Soxhlet extraction with acetone must be below 1.5% by weight of the textile, with a more preferred value of 0.5% for best durability of the bond.
  • the second factor that is critical to the quality of the bond is the surface match of the glove shell fiber and the lamination adhesive 108. Both surface energies must be high enough to make wetting and long term bonding
  • the glove shell textile has a total surface energy of greater than 40mJ/m 2 .
  • Cotton and nylon meet these criteria, whereas PET fiber does not without a modifying treatment or coating.
  • the adhesive surface energy is greater than 30mJ/m 2 . SBR and urethane adhesives meet this surface energy requirement.
  • the bonding of the laminate preform 100 to the glove shell 102 can use any of various adhesive processes. Thermoplastic, pressure-sensitive, and reactive adhesives are all effective. In embodiments, penetration of the lamination adhesive 100 into the glove shell 102 is controlled, since the stiffness of the glove shell 102 tends to increase as more adhesive penetrates into the textile of the glove shell 102, and soft, flexible glove shells 102 are typically desired.
  • the use of non-liquid thin film adhesives 108 in the present invention provides excellent laminate adhesion and very controlled and limited penetration of the lamination adhesive 108 into the textile of the glove shell 102.
  • thin adhesive films 108 of between 6 and 50 microns are used, so as to provide only limited penetration of the adhesive 108 into the fibers of the glove shell 102.
  • a key aspect of the present invention is the capacity to combine glove shells 102 having accurate hand-shapes with solid laminate preforms 100 that include features which cannot be provided by glove shell dipping methods.
  • Printed graphics, high filler loaded elastomers, textile layers, and oriented films are all important examples of materials and features that can only be included in the enhancing layer if the enhancing layer is prepared ahead of time as a solid, flat laminate preform 100.
  • This approach allows such features to be added to the flat, solid laminate preform 100 by using such methods as printing, roll to roll coating, gravure coating, extrusion, stenting, blown extrusion, weaving, and/or knitting, before the laminate preform 100 is laminated onto the glove shell 102.
  • the laminate preform production methods have very tight control of materials properties and tight control of the preform thickness.
  • the thicknesses of the adhesive and other film layers are controlled to less than +/- 5 microns.
  • the laminate preform 100 is a single layer of elastomeric film 1 10 combined with a thermoplastic adhesive 108.
  • the laminate preform 100 includes a graphics layer (fusable ink) 200 included between a grip layer (thermoplastic urethane, "TPU") 202 and the adhesive layer 108.
  • TPU thermoplastic urethane
  • the ability to include such graphical layers in the laminate preform 100 provides opportunities for durable labeling and branding that cannot be obtained when enhancement layers are applied by dipping.
  • graphics can always be applied to the surface of a finished glove, but then the graphics will not be embedded within nor protected by by the performance-enhancing layer.
  • a digital inkjet, a screen printing, or a web press printing process is used to form a graphics layer 200 on top of the adhesive layer 108.
  • the graphics layer 200 is protected with an abrasion layer 202 laminated over the print layer.
  • This three ply laminate preform 100 is then applied to the glove shell 102 by thermoplastic bonding of the adhesive layer 108 during the lamination step. Because the graphics layer is built on a smooth polymeric or elastomeric film, fine detail and print quality are preserved. This fine print detail is not possible when printing directly on the surface of a textile or on a dipped textile surface.
  • the adhesive strength and quality of the bond between the laminate preform 100 and the glove shell 102 is one important factor in preventing failure of the bond and maintaining the integrity of the laminated glove. Another important factor is the edge condition of the bond between the laminate preform 100 and the glove shell 102. It can be shown that the peel resistance of an elastic film is higher than the peel resistance of a high modulus film when bonded at the same specific adhesive strength. The reason for this is that an elastic film stretches and spreads the stress at the peel point, whereas a hard film cannot stretch and deform. As a result, a peel crack is propagated at lower loads for hard films.
  • thermoplastic urethane (“TPU”) film is bonded to a nylon glove shell 102 provide excellent results in this regard, because the TPU is low modulus (400-500% elongation at break), and the nylon is also low modulus for fiber (30% elongation at break). Even in embodiments where the glove shell 102 has a high modulus, use of a low modulus laminate preform 100 provides better peel resistance as compared to a high modulus laminate preform 100. In various embodiments, elastomeric films of greater than 100% elongation are included in the laminate preform 100.
  • a top layer 202 of a multi-layer laminate preform 100 has a low modulus, but one or more layers below the top layer have a high modulus
  • the edge of the laminate preform is "stepped" by extending the top layer 202 beyond the lower layers, so that the top layer 202 is directly bonded to the glove shell 202.
  • This approach provides a high peel condition at the edge of the laminate preform 100, even when stiff layers are included in the central region of the laminate preform 100.
  • a high modulus oriented film 300 is included between the grip layer 202 and the adhesive layer 108
  • a high modulus textile layer 400 is included between the grip layer 202 and the adhesive layer 108.
  • Figure 5 is similar to Figure 4 except that a filled polymer layer 500 is included beneath the textile layer 400.
  • a filled polymer layer 500 is included beneath the textile layer 400.
  • 600-50 grit 5 silicon carbide grain is used as a filler in one of the prefabricated elastomer layers.
  • ceramic and/or metallic fillers are included which have specific gravities of between 2 and 14. Fillers having such high densities would segregate in a low viscosity coating, such as a coating applied by dipping. However blade coating and extrusion are very effective for production of films with dense fillers that can be included in the laminate preform.
  • Styrene Butadiene rubber elastomer was dissolved in solvent and a ceramic grain was mixed in at 10K centipoise.
  • This mix 500 was coated to a film using a knife over roll process.
  • a 200 and 660 grit coating having a viscosity of between 2500 and 5000 cps was applied to a chloroprene film as part of a laminate preform 100.
  • Many other powdered, fibrous, and platelet type fillers are included in embodiments of the present invention to impart valuable permeability, cut, abrasion, flame, heat, and other properties to the laminate preform 100, where such fillers at their required loadings result in excessive viscosity that would prevent them from being used in a dip coating process.
  • embodiments of the present invention include a second laminate preform 600 that is laminated to the inner surface of the glove shell 102.
  • a layer 600 that mechanically resists cuts and punctures is placed between the 3D laminating form 104 and the glove shell 102, so that it is laminated to the inner surface of the glove shell 102.
  • the outer laminate preform includes an oriented polymer film 300 between a TPU grip layer 202 and an adhesive layer 108.
  • a cut-and-sew liner 700 is attached inside of the glove shell 102, and is included with the glove shell 102 on the 3D laminating form 104.
  • the resulting glove includes the cut-and-sew liner in its interior and the laminate preform on its exterior surface, with the knit or woven glove shell 102 in between.
  • the glove shell 102 is reversibly deformable, whereby its shape is deformed while it is mounted on the 3D laminating form 104. In embodiments, this is helpful in providing the smooth, crease-free area that is required for lamination.
  • Figure 8A is a cross- sectional illustration of such an embodiment taken through the finger region.
  • the glove shell fingers return to their accurate, rounded 3D finger-shapes after the laminate preform 100 is applied thereto and the resulting glove is removed from the 3D laminating form 104.
  • the laminate preform is designed to work with the 3D laminating form 104 to increase the wrap of the laminate preform 100 around portions of the hand.
  • the 3D laminating form 104 can elongate the fingers of the glove shell 102 to increase the size of the flat bonding face 106.
  • the resulting warp of the laminate preform 100 is thereby increased after the glove shell 102 is removed from the 3D laminating form 104 and returns to its 3D hand-shape.
  • An important aspect of some embodiments of the invention is the way in which the glove shell 102 contracts after it is removed from the 3D lamination form 104.
  • the glove shell fingers are elongated in their circumference by between 10 and 60% when the glove shell 102 is on the 3D laminating form 104. This increases the surface area of the glove shell fingers that is wrinkle free and monotonic in surface curvature (fully flat is not required), and is thereby available for bonding of the laminate preform thereto.
  • the 3D laminating form 104 is removed and the glove shell 102 can recover its shape. The laminated area tends not to recover, but instead tends to retain its laminated width.
  • a laminate preform 100 is not applied to the backs of the finger and hand regions of the glove shell, so that most of the shape recovery takes place in these unlaminated regions.
  • the result is that after the glove is removed from the 3D laminating form 104, a higher percentage of the finished finger circumference is covered by the laminate preform 100 than was covered when the glove was on the 3D laminating preform. If the ratio of width to thickness on the 3D laminating preform 104 is 10: 1 for example, then 40% of the elongated circumference is readily bonded to the laminate perform 100, and the ratio of back of hand and sides to laminate width is approximately 4:6. However, after removal from the 3D laminating form 104, if the back of hand and sides contract by 50%, the laminated length will have a ratio to the back and sides of 4: 3, significantly increasing the coverage of the laminate preform 100 in the relaxed glove.
  • the 3D laminating form 104 includes opposing flat surfaces 106, and the lamination pressure can be applied by a press such as a platen press that is designed to apply pressure to a substantially flat surface.
  • a press such as a platen press that is designed to apply pressure to a substantially flat surface.
  • the lamination temperatures range from 200 degrees Fahrenheit to 375 degrees Fahrenheit for bonding of the laminate preform 100 to the glove shell 102, and the applied lamination pressures range from 5 psi to 150psi.
  • the layer 904 shown between the upper platen 900 and the glove is a conforming layer that is made from a heat resistant elastomer and improves the uniformity of contact between the glove and the press platen face.
  • Figure 9 is illustrated as a vertical platen press, in similar embodiments a roll press, a belt press, and/or a nip roll press is used to laminate the laminate preform 100 to the glove shell 102.
  • the laminating surface 106 of the 3D laminating form 104 is curved or otherwise shaped, although it is always smooth and free of creases.
  • bladder presses and vacuum bag techniques are used to apply the laminating pressure.
  • the conformability of the bladder or vacuum bag 1000 permits the laminate preform 100 to wrap around the fingertips and fourchette area of the glove shell.
  • Figure 10 illustrates an embodiment where the laminate preforms 100 extend to the sides of the glove shell fingers 104, and a bladder 1000 is forced either pneumatically or
  • This test uses a standard 4" x 8" test coupon. We have modified this method to use the palm and back of the gloves under test. After slitting the glove up one side and removing the fingers and thumb, the remaining coupon for an extra-large glove is very nearly 4 inches x 8 inches.
  • the circular bend test is sensitive to small changes in the glove and laminate system. In some cases, we find that it is necessary to precondition the palm-back glove test coupons by multiple runs on the circular bend test to reach stable conditioned values. In the case of conditioned test values, we run the test 10 times and use the average of the results from tests 8, 9, and 10 as the stable conditioned circular bend result.
  • Embodiments of the present invention include laminate preforms that are much thinner than can be achieved with dipping processes. In some
  • the thickness of the laminate preform is between 25 microns and 75 microns, which provides a low bending stiffness. Even in embodiments where textile inserts and textile components are used in the laminate preforms, the circular bending stiffness is much lower than what can be provided by dipped gloves, and very much lower than what is found in gloves that include multiple layers of protective textile and dipped surfaces.
  • Figure 1 1 A is a bar graph comparing a knit glove with no applied enhancement layer with a knit glove to which a TPU laminate preform has been applied, and demonstrating that the knit glove with laminate preform is 72% softer than a knit glove that has been palm dipped.
  • the first values in the graph are the thickness and bending stiffness of a 13g 210 Denier nylon glove shell at approximately 400g of bending stiffness.
  • the next set of values refers to the same shell after application thereto of a 3 ply 60 micron laminate of TPU with a graphics layer. As can be seen from the data, the lamination process reduces the thickness of the knit, resulting in a slightly thinner glove even with the addition of the laminate preform.
  • the third set of data refers to a directly comparable palm- coated dipped glove with a typical dipping thickness of 300-350 microns.
  • the lamination process produces a glove that is almost as soft as the uncoated knit at 410 vs 440 grams, and the invention results in gloves with less than 1/3 of the stiffness of comparable dipped gloves.
  • Figure 1 IB presents a flexibility comparison using the circular bending test described above, showing that a knit glove with a TPU and textile laminate preform applied to the palm is 48% softer than a knit glove that has been palm- dipped with PVC only.
  • Figure 1 1 C presents a similar flexibility comparison, showing that a knit glove with a para-aramid textile and urethane laminate preform applied to the palm is 54% softer than a para-aramid knit glove that has been palm dipped with only nitrile.
  • Figure 1 ID presents a similar flexibility comparison, showing that a knit glove with a TPU laminate preform and including a textile insert is 82% softer than a knit glove that has been nitrile dipped.
  • Figure 1 IE presents a similar flexibility comparison, showing that a knit glove with a TPU laminate preform applied to the palm and including a 2 ply textile insert is 98% softer than a knit glove with a latex palm dip and a 3-ply textile insert.
  • Example 1 Knit shell with insert and laminate preform including grip and graphics layers
  • Glove shell 210 denier nylon 13 gauge knit shell
  • o Grip layer polyether thermoplastic urethane (“TPU”)of hardness 80 shore of 25 microns thickness
  • CYK graphics layer fusible inks of 5- 12 microns thickness
  • Adhesive Layer polyether thermoplastic urethane adhesive layer, 25 micron thick, that bonds the graphics layer and grip layer to the glove shell at 350 degrees Fahrenheit
  • the adhesive layer is printed with the graphics layer, then the grip layer is laminated on top of the other two layers to complete the 3-ply laminate preform material.
  • the 210 denier knit shell is mounted on the 3D laminating form.
  • the laminate preform material is cut to shape and laminated to the glove shell on the 3D laminating form in a platen press at 350F.
  • Example 2 Knit shell with TPU/grain-elastomer/30 denier nylon woven/PSA laminate preform • Glove shell: 210 denier nylon 13 gauge knit shell
  • o Grip layer Polyether thermoplastic urethane of hardness 85 shore of
  • CYK graphics layer fusible inks of 5- 12 microns thickness
  • Adhesive tie layer Polyether thermoplastic urethane adhesive
  • o Filler layer SB rubber in solvent with 220 + 600 grit silicone carbide filler added in a 4.5 : 1 ratio to the elastomer by weight
  • Adhesive Rosinated SBR blend in a solvent-based pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA)
  • the grip layer is printed with the graphics layer. Then the grip layer is laminated to the textile layer.
  • the textile layer has TPU on the face side and the grain layer and PSA blade coated to the reverse side. This completes the 6 ply laminate preform material.
  • the 210 denier knit shell is mounted on the 3D laminating form.
  • the laminate preform material is cut to shape and laminated to the glove shell on the 3D laminating form in a platen press at 300 degrees Fahrenheit.
  • Example 3 Knit shell with non-thermoplastic PU/grain-elastomer-PSA laminate preform
  • Glove shell 210 denier nylon 13 gage knit shell
  • o Grip layer Cast non-thermoplastic polyester urethane of hardness 95 shore of 25 microns thickness o
  • CYK graphics layer fusible inks of 5- 12 microns thickness o
  • Filler layer SB rubber in solvent with 220 + 600 grit silicone carbide filler added at a 4.5 : 1 ratio to the elastomer by weight
  • PSA PSA
  • the grip layer is cast from a reactive mixture of polyol and isocyanate, cured, and then printed with the graphics layer. Then the grain layer and PSA layers are roll-coated to the glove shell side of the laminate preform. This completes the 4-ply laminate preform material.
  • the 210 denier knit glove shell is mounted on the 3D laminating form.
  • the laminate perform material is cut to shape and laminated to the glove shell on the 3D laminating form in a platen press at 300 Fahrenheit.
  • Example 4 Knit shell with Neoprene/nylon/PSA laminated preform
  • Example 5 Knit shell over a glove with unbonded or semi bonded insert glove
  • Glove shell 210 denier nylon 13 gage knit shell
  • o Grip layer Polyester thermoplastic urethane of hardness 85 shore 25 microns thick
  • o CYK graphics layer fusible inks of 5- 12 microns thickness
  • the grip layer is printed with the graphics layer, then the grip layer is laminated to the adhesive layer. This complete the 3 -ply laminate preform.
  • the 210 denier knit glove shell is mounted on the 3D laminating form.
  • the laminate preform material is cut to shape and laminated in a platen press at 350 degrees Fahrenheit to the glove shell on the 3D laminating form. After removal from the 3D laminating form the glove shell is bonded to the sewn liner.
  • Example 6 Cut and sew shell with TPU/Inkjet/TPU laminate preform
  • Shell 100 denier nylon 50 gage knit with 10% 70 denier lycra in a full fourchette cut-and-sew shell
  • o Grip layer Polyester thermoplastic urethane of hardness 85 shore 25 microns thick
  • o CYK graphics layer fusible inks 5-12 microns thick
  • Polyester thermoplastic urethane adhesive layer that bonds the graphics layer and grip layer to the glove shell at 350 degrees
  • the adhesive layer is printed with the graphics layer, then the grip layer is laminated to the other two layers to complete the 3- ply laminate preform material.
  • the 210 denier knit shell is mounted on the 3D laminating form.
  • the laminate preform material is cut to shape and bonded to the glove shell on the 3D laminating form in a platen press at 350 degrees Fahrenheit.
  • Example 7 Vacuum or bladder press formed laminate preform
  • Example 8 Double sided laminate preform on palm and back surfaces of the glove shell, with overlaps at the finger tips and the fourchettes (see Figure V)
  • Shell 210 denier nylon 13 gage knit shell
  • o Grip layer Polyester thermoplastic urethane of hardness 85 shore of 25 microns thickness
  • o CYK graphics layer fusible inks of 5- 12 microns thickness
  • Adhesive layer Polyester thermoplastic urethane adhesive layer that bonds the graphics layer and grip layer to the glove shell at 350 degrees
  • the adhesive layer is printed with the graphics layer, then the grip layer is laminated to the other two layers to complete the 3- ply laminate preform material.
  • the 210 denier knit shell is mounted on the 3D laminating form.
  • the laminate preform material is cut to shape and laminated to the glove shell on the 3D laminating form in a platen press at 350 degrees Fahrenheit. Then the assembled knit shell and laminate preform are bonded to the cut-and-sew insert glove.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gloves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un gant en forme de main 3D, qui comprend une couche d'amélioration de performance stratifiée sur une enveloppe de gant en tissu. Une préforme de stratifié solide plate peut être préparée à l'aide de graphismes imprimés, de couches de tissu, de films orientés, d'éléments de remplissage denses et/ou concentrés et d'autres éléments. L'enveloppe de gant en forme de main 3D est placée sur une forme de stratification 3D, et la préforme est stratifiée sur celle-ci tout en conservant la forme 3D. Dans des modes de réalisation, la forme de stratification comprend des surfaces plates opposées, et une presse à platines ou à rouleaux est utilisée. Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, une presse à vessie ou à sac sous vide est utilisée pour stratifier la préforme sur une surface incurvée ou ayant une autre forme de la forme de stratification. Dans des modes de réalisation, une résistance au décollement de bord est améliorée par extension du périmètre d'une couche supérieure de module bas au-delà de couches sous-jacentes et par liaison directe de celle-ci à l'enveloppe de gant. La récupération de l'enveloppe de gant, après déformation par la forme de stratification, peut fournir une déformation de gauchissement de la préforme de stratifié.
PCT/US2013/051760 2012-07-26 2013-07-24 Gant tridimensionnel ayant une couche d'amélioration de performance stratifiée sur celui-ci WO2014018583A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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EP13822812.7A EP2877048A4 (fr) 2012-07-26 2013-07-24 Gant tridimensionnel ayant une couche d'amélioration de performance stratifiée sur celui-ci
CA2878234A CA2878234A1 (fr) 2012-07-26 2013-07-24 Gant tridimensionnel ayant une couche d'amelioration de performance stratifiee sur celui-ci

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