WO2014014378A1 - Système permettant de surveiller une installation technique - Google Patents

Système permettant de surveiller une installation technique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014014378A1
WO2014014378A1 PCT/RU2012/000590 RU2012000590W WO2014014378A1 WO 2014014378 A1 WO2014014378 A1 WO 2014014378A1 RU 2012000590 W RU2012000590 W RU 2012000590W WO 2014014378 A1 WO2014014378 A1 WO 2014014378A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
acoustic
monitoring
sensor
concentrator device
technical installation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2012/000590
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vitaly Vladimirovich Malinin
Ivan Vladimirovich Nikolin
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to PCT/RU2012/000590 priority Critical patent/WO2014014378A1/fr
Publication of WO2014014378A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014014378A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
    • G01V2210/14—Signal detection
    • G01V2210/142—Receiver location
    • G01V2210/1429—Subsurface, e.g. in borehole or below weathering layer or mud line

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for monitoring a technical installation according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a known technique for monitoring pipelines relies on acoustic detection of leaks and intrusions.
  • Such systems consist of multiple acoustic sensors located along the pipeline, which are monitored by a central data processing station.
  • the sensors can be distributed fiber optic sensors detecting vibrations by measuring coherent Rayleigh noise (CRN) or Brillouin backscatter.
  • CRN coherent Rayleigh noise
  • Brillouin backscatter An example for such a system is disclosed in GB 2 457 278.
  • Such a system for monitoring a technical installation comprises at least one acoustic sensor for detecting noise emitted in a monitoring zone at least partially containing the technical installation.
  • the at least one acoustic sensor is at least partially arranged within a focal point of at least one acoustic concentrator device.
  • the acoustic concentrator device is an acoustic Fresnel lens.
  • Such lenses can yield an acoustic sound concentration of 40- 80% at low focus lengths and are particularly cheap to manufacture .
  • acoustic parabolic mirrors can be employed as acoustic concentrator devices. They reach a sound concentration ratio of up to 95%, albeit at longer focus lengths.
  • the at least one acoustic sensor is an optical fiber. This allows for a particularly cheap and reliable monitoring of large areas.
  • Detection thresholds can further be improved, if at least one section of such an optical fiber arranged within the focal point of an acoustic concentrator is coiled. By coiling the fiber, a longer portion of it is exposed to the concentrated sound waves within the focal point, thereby increasing the sensitivity of the system.
  • the system comprises a plurality of acoustic concentrator devices with different spatial orientations, allowing for a more complete monitoring of the technical installation. Additionally, this allows for locating events more precisely due to the additional directional information.
  • At least one portion of the acoustical sensor not arranged within a focal point of an acoustic concentrator device is acoustically isolated.
  • the suppression of noise from the non-detecting parts of the sensor improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the system.
  • FIG 1 A schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a system according to the invention
  • FIG 2 a detailed view of a holding arrangement for an acoustic concentrator device for a system according to FIG 1;
  • FIG 3 a detailed view of a holding arrangement for an optic fiber sensor for a system according to FIG 1;
  • FIG 4 a detailed view of a Fresnel type acoustic concentrator device for a system according to FIG 1;
  • FIG 5 a detailed view of a mirror type acoustic concentrator device for a system according to FIG 1;
  • FIG 6 a schematic representation of an alternate embodiment of a system according to the invention and
  • FIG 7 a detailed view of an alternate holding arrangement for an optic fiber sensor for a system according to FIGs 1 or 6.
  • a system 10 for monitoring a technical installation, in particular a pipeline, comprises a fiber optic acoustical sensor 12 which is strung out along the area to be monitored and placed in a manner that it traverses the focal points 14 of a plurality of acoustic concentrators 16.
  • Sound waves emanating from the area to be monitored e.g. sounds caused by leaks in the pipeline, sounds produced by intruders and the like, are concentrated by the concentrator devices 16 onto the sensor 12 and cause vibrations within the optical fiber part of the sensor 12. Such vibrations can be detected and localized by means of Brillouin backscattering and/or coherent Rayleigh noise.
  • the concentrator devices are attached to clamps 18, which hold the fiber optic sensor 12 fixed to the respective focal points 14 of the acoustic concentrators 16.
  • Such a system 10 is suitable to detect particularly faint signals.
  • pinhole leaks in pipelines cause supersonic or transonic flow through the hole, emitting high frequency noise which tends to disperse on medium non-uniformities of the same scale as the wavelength and therefor tends to get attenuated before it can reach conventional sensors.
  • the acoustic concentrators 16 have the form of acoustic Fresnel lenses, as depicted in FIG 4. Such a concentrator 16 comprises a plurality of concentric annular Fresnel zones 20. They reach concentration ratios of 40-80% and exhibit a very short focal length.
  • parabolic or spherical acoustic mirrors as shown in FIG 5 can be employed. Incoming sound waves are reflected on the parabolic inner surface of the concentrator 16. The reflected waves 24 are concentrated into the focal point 14 of the concentrator 16. Usually, the focal distance is longer for mirrors than for Fresnel lenses.
  • the concentrator device 16 has to be significantly larger than the wavelength of the sound to be concentrated.
  • the extremely short wavelength of sound created by pinhole leaks poses no practical restrictions on the design of the concentrators 16, which can have radii as small as dozens of centimeters.
  • the design of the concentrators 16 can be adapted to the monitoring task at hand.
  • Form and size of the concentrators 16 determine not only the wavelengths that can be amplified, but also the spatial resolution of the system 10. In case of pipeline monitoring systems 10, the spatial resolution has to be in the order of magnitude of the length of one pipe-tube section, e.g. about 10 m.
  • the concentrator devices 16 can be oriented facing in different directions 26, as shown in FIG 6. This allows for determination of the precise direction from which a detected signal emanates.
  • FIG. 7 An additional increase in sensitivity can be reached by using an arrangement as depicted in FIG 7.
  • a section 28 of the optical fiber sensor 12, which is located within the focal point 14 of the concentrator device 16 is coiled, so that a bigger part of the optical fiber sensor 12 is exposed to the concentrated sound.
  • the sections 30 of the optical fiber sensor 12, which are located between the focal points 14 of the concentrators 16, can be used as reference readings to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the detection. Alternatively, it is possible to acoustically isolate those sections 30.
  • a system 10 as described above allows for high-sensitivity detection of events that are not detectable with monitoring systems known from the state of the art, such as very small leaks in pipelines. Such events can therefore be detected particularly early, so that necessary maintenance can be performed before any significant damage has been done.
  • the directional monitoring capability offered by the system 10 makes it possible to precisely locate the source of sound events. Furthermore, no active sound amplification is necessary, so that such a system 10 is particularly cheap to install and easily to integrate with existing fiber monitoring systems.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système (10) permettant de surveiller une installation technique, en particulier un pipeline, comprenant au moins un capteur acoustique (12) permettant de détecter un bruit émis dans une zone de surveillance contenant au moins partiellement l'installation technique. Selon l'invention, le ou les capteurs acoustiques (12) sont au moins partiellement agencés à l'intérieur d'un point focal respectif (14) d'au moins un dispositif concentrateur acoustique (16).
PCT/RU2012/000590 2012-07-19 2012-07-19 Système permettant de surveiller une installation technique WO2014014378A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2012/000590 WO2014014378A1 (fr) 2012-07-19 2012-07-19 Système permettant de surveiller une installation technique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/RU2012/000590 WO2014014378A1 (fr) 2012-07-19 2012-07-19 Système permettant de surveiller une installation technique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014014378A1 true WO2014014378A1 (fr) 2014-01-23

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Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO2014014378A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023208364A1 (fr) 2022-04-29 2023-11-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système et procédé de détection fiable d'une fuite dans une structure contenant un fluide
WO2023208368A1 (fr) 2022-04-29 2023-11-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système et procédé de détection précoce d'une fuite dans une structure contenant un fluide

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2456300A (en) * 2008-01-08 2009-07-15 Schlumberger Holdings Flexible riser having optical fibre sensor for predicting and managing conditions of pipe
GB2457278A (en) 2008-02-08 2009-08-12 Schlumberger Holdings Detection of deposits in pipelines by measuring vibrations along the pipeline with a distributed fibre optic sensor
EP2418466A2 (fr) * 2010-06-17 2012-02-15 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Câble à fibre optique pour détection acoustique distribuée dotée d'une sensibilité acoustique améliorée

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2456300A (en) * 2008-01-08 2009-07-15 Schlumberger Holdings Flexible riser having optical fibre sensor for predicting and managing conditions of pipe
GB2457278A (en) 2008-02-08 2009-08-12 Schlumberger Holdings Detection of deposits in pipelines by measuring vibrations along the pipeline with a distributed fibre optic sensor
EP2418466A2 (fr) * 2010-06-17 2012-02-15 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Câble à fibre optique pour détection acoustique distribuée dotée d'une sensibilité acoustique améliorée

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023208364A1 (fr) 2022-04-29 2023-11-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système et procédé de détection fiable d'une fuite dans une structure contenant un fluide
WO2023208368A1 (fr) 2022-04-29 2023-11-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système et procédé de détection précoce d'une fuite dans une structure contenant un fluide

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