WO2014005422A1 - 电子锁芯及含有该电子锁芯的电子锁系统及开锁方法 - Google Patents

电子锁芯及含有该电子锁芯的电子锁系统及开锁方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014005422A1
WO2014005422A1 PCT/CN2013/000814 CN2013000814W WO2014005422A1 WO 2014005422 A1 WO2014005422 A1 WO 2014005422A1 CN 2013000814 W CN2013000814 W CN 2013000814W WO 2014005422 A1 WO2014005422 A1 WO 2014005422A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electronic
core
key
mechanical
lock
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/000814
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈炳辉
Original Assignee
Chen Binghui
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chen Binghui filed Critical Chen Binghui
Priority to AU2013286524A priority Critical patent/AU2013286524B2/en
Priority to CA2878118A priority patent/CA2878118C/en
Priority to US14/410,522 priority patent/US9376839B2/en
Publication of WO2014005422A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014005422A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B47/0002—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets
    • E05B47/0003—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core
    • E05B47/0004—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with electromagnets having a movable core said core being linearly movable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B67/00—Padlocks; Details thereof
    • E05B67/06—Shackles; Arrangement of the shackle
    • E05B67/22—Padlocks with sliding shackles, with or without rotary or pivotal movement
    • E05B67/24—Padlocks with sliding shackles, with or without rotary or pivotal movement with built- in cylinder locks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/70—Operating mechanism
    • Y10T70/7441—Key
    • Y10T70/7486—Single key

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic lock cylinder, an electronic lock system including the same, and an unlocking method.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION At present, electronic locks are mainly divided into two major categories on the market. One type is an electric lock with a power supply provided by a lock body. The lock has two major drawbacks: 1. Since the lock has a battery, the battery needs to be replaced periodically, so maintenance The cost is very high; Second, because the battery is placed in the lock body, the lock has a large volume, so it cannot be applied to products such as padlocks and box locks. In another type of electronic lock, there is no power supply in the lock body, and the key provides the lock to open the required power supply. The lock core of the lock is reduced in volume relative to the above-mentioned electronic lock. However, the electronic lock cylinder still has the following Aspect defects:
  • the driving device (such as the motor) of the electronic lock cylinder often uses a key to supply power to the lock cylinder and provides stored authority data.
  • the method of powering off after 5 to 10 seconds of continuous power supply often wastes a large amount of electric energy.
  • the battery inside the key needs to be replaced frequently, which greatly reduces the number of times the key is unlocked.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • An electronic lock cylinder includes a mechanical core, an electronic core, and a cylindrical casing for accommodating the mechanical core, the open ends of the electronic core, and a rod; one end of the casing a front end, the end of the front end is provided with a limiting clip for axial limiting; one end of the mechanical rotating core is a flat lever, the lever extends beyond the front end of the outer casing, the mechanical rotation a rear end of the core is a cylindrical first cavity, a portion of the first cavity outside the center of the bottom of the first cavity is provided with a concave hole; a section of the cavity wall of the first cavity is convex along the axial direction thereof, Forming an arc-shaped limiting portion, wherein an intermediate portion of the arc-shaped limiting portion is provided with a through-mechanical core card slot parallel to the first cavity axis, and the arc-shaped limiting portion is formed into a first limit And the second limiting portion; the electronic rotating core is a multi-segment cylindrical shape, one end of the electronic rotating
  • a Hall sensor is further disposed in the electronic core, the Hall sensor is located outside a center of a front end surface of the electronic core; a bottom of the first cavity and the Hall sensor The opposite position is provided with a magnet.
  • the front end opening of the outer casing is provided with a triangular block for limiting the angle of rotation of the lever.
  • a tail seal and an annular pressure plate are further included, and the front end of the tail seal has a ring shape a sliding groove, the tail seal is fixedly connected to the outer casing at a rear end of the outer casing; the pressure plate is fixedly connected to a rear end of the electronic rotating core and the pressure plate is located in the sliding groove.
  • the wall of the electronic core card slot and/or the housing card slot is sloped.
  • the arc lengths of the first limiting portion and the second limiting portion are equal.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic lock system including the electronic lock cylinder as described above and an electronic key, a lock body and a U-shaped main lever;
  • the electronic key includes a key lever and a key case;
  • a rotating guide groove is disposed in a middle portion of the middle portion of the key shaft, and a guide groove is axially disposed on the outer wall of the head of the key shaft, the guide groove is open to communicate with the rotary guide groove;
  • the key end of the key rod is provided with a key contact; Inserting the electronic key into the electronic lock cylinder, the key contact of the electronic key is in communication with an electronic contact in the electronic lock cylinder;
  • the key shell is provided with a key chip, a key chip and a key The contact is connected by a wire;
  • a battery for supplying power to the key chip is disposed in the key case;
  • a bevel groove is respectively disposed on an inner side of the main card;
  • the lock body is provided with a lock core mounting hole and two main rod holes,
  • Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an unlocking method capable of accurately recording a true unlocking situation.
  • the present invention provides a method for unlocking an electronic lock system, comprising the following steps:
  • step S12 determining whether the verification by the authority is successful, if the authorization verification is successful, proceeding to step S131, if the authorization verification is not successful, proceeding to step S132;
  • step S 131 The battery in the electronic key is powered by the electromagnet in the electronic core, after the electromagnet is powered, the iron core is retracted into the electronic core, and step S 14 is performed;
  • the following steps are performed while performing the step S14: After receiving the rotation signal of the electronic core detected by the Hall sensor, the electronic control unit in the electronic core records the information of the unlocker and stores it.
  • step of performing the step S14 is further performed as follows: after the electronic control unit in the electronic rotating core receives the detected rotation signal of the electronic rotating core of the Hall sensor, The control unit disconnects the circuit of the electromagnet.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the core of the electromagnet is used to realize the axial fixation between the electronic rotating core and the mechanical rotating core. Compared with the motor, the electromagnet has a fast response speed, and the electronic rotating core is manually rotated to cancel the motor. The structure is simplified, and the volume of the electronic lock cylinder is greatly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structural view of an electronic lock cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the electronic lock cylinder shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the electronic lock cylinder shown in FIG.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the other direction of Figure 5;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the electronic lock cylinder of Figure 1 with the outer casing removed;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the other direction of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the electronic lock cylinder shown in Figure 1 as seen from the direction of the tail seal;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of Figure 7 along the A-A direction (the core of the electromagnet protrudes into the recessed hole and is in a locked state);
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of Figure 7 along the B-B direction (the core of the electromagnet protrudes into the recessed hole and is in a locked state);
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of Figure 7 along the B-B direction (electromagnet is charged, the iron core is retracted into the electronic lock cylinder, and when the electronic rotating core is started to unlock);
  • Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electronic lock cylinder shown in Figure 1 taken along the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the electronic lock cylinder from the joint portion of the electronic core and the core of the movement (closed state);
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view of the rotating electronic core in the unlocking process of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view of Figure 11 after the electronic rotating core drives the mechanical rotating core to rotate, in a fully open state;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic perspective structural view of an electronic key according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a front elevational view of Figure 14;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of Figure 14;
  • Figure 17 is a block diagram showing the internal structure of the electronic key shown in Figure 14;
  • Figure 18 is a block diagram showing the internal structure of an electronic lock cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 19 is an exploded perspective view showing a padlock of an electronic lock cylinder (without a casing) to which the present invention is applied;
  • Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view (locked state) of a padlock to which an electronic lock cylinder of the present invention is applied
  • Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view (unlocked state) of a padlock to which an electronic lock cylinder of the present invention is applied
  • Figure 22 is a view of the present invention
  • an electronic lock cylinder includes a mechanical rotary core 2, an electronic rotary core 3, and open ends for accommodating the mechanical rotary core 2 and the electronic rotary core 3.
  • the cylindrical outer casing 1 and the rod 32 (for the sake of simplicity of the drawing, the lever 32 is not shown in Figs. 3 and 4, and the lever 32 is shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6); as shown in Fig. 2, the outer casing 1 One end is a front end, and the front end opening is provided with a limiting clip 307 for axially limiting.
  • the limiting clip 307 is formed by folding an end of the outer end of the outer casing 1 for axial limitation. Its internal components. As shown in Fig.
  • the inner wall of the outer casing 1 is provided with an outer casing slot 16 in the axial direction.
  • all references to “front end” and “back end” are defined according to the following rules.
  • the "back end” refers to the end for inserting the key
  • the "front end” refers to the end for unlocking the other parts of the lock, for other parts such as the mechanical core 2
  • the "front end” and “rear end” of the electronic core 3 and the outer casing 1 have the same meaning, that is, the "rear end” is closer to the end of the electronic lock cylinder for inserting the key than the "front end”.
  • the front end of the mechanical core 2 is a flat lever 300, and the flat lever 300 includes a wide wide face 38 and a narrow narrow face 37.
  • the narrow face 37 is used. Abutting against other components, the narrow surface 37 is a circular arc surface for better cooperation with other components.
  • the lever 300 extends out of the front end of the outer casing 1, and the rear end of the mechanical core 2 is a cylindrical first cavity 23, and a portion outside the center of the bottom of the first cavity 23 is provided with a recessed hole 26; the first cavity 23 A section of the cavity wall protrudes along the axial direction thereof to form an arcuate limiting portion, and an intermediate portion of the arcuate limiting portion is provided with a through-mechanical core card slot 15 parallel to the axis of the first cavity 23,
  • the curved limiting portion is partitioned into a first limiting portion 43 and a second limiting portion 44.
  • the electronic core 3 has a plurality of cylindrical shapes, and two electronic contacts 11 are disposed at the rear end of the electronic core 3.
  • the front end of the electronic core 3 is inserted into the first cavity 23 and mechanically rotated.
  • the core 2 forms a rotational connection.
  • the structure of the electronic core 3 will be further described below with reference to FIG. 8 to FIG. 11.
  • the electronic core 3 is internally provided with an electronic control unit (not shown) and an electromagnet 12, and the electronic control unit is disposed on the circuit board 10, and is electrically controlled.
  • the unit is connected to the electronic contact 11 and the electromagnet 12, respectively, and controls the action of the electromagnet 12.
  • the front end of the electronic core 3 is provided with a through hole for expanding and contracting the iron core 35 of the power supply magnet 12 at a position matching the recessed hole 26, and the iron core 3 is provided with an iron supply inside.
  • the core 35 abuts against the spring 301 which protrudes therefrom, and the core 35 simultaneously serves as a snap member that is caught in the recessed hole 26.
  • the electromagnet 12 is de-energized, the iron core 35 extends out of the electronic core 3 and is located in the recessed hole 26. Therefore, the electronic rotating core 3 and the mechanical rotating core 2 can only rotate synchronously.
  • the concave hole 26 and the corresponding iron core 35 must be Set at a position that deviates from the center of the circle.
  • the front end of the electronic core 3 is provided with an arc shape for the arc-shaped limiting portion in the circumferential direction.
  • the mating side groove, the side groove is axially matched with the arcuate limiting portion to ensure that the electronic rotating core 3 and the mechanical rotating core 2 can mutually rotate at an angle.
  • An electronic core card slot 34 is defined in the side slot along the axial direction of the electronic core 3, and the side slot is divided into a first side slot 41 opposite to the first limiting portion 43 and a second opposite to the second limiting portion 44.
  • the two-sided groove 42 satisfies the following two geometric relationships: (1) The arc length of the first side groove 41 is greater than or equal to the arc length of the first limiting portion 43. (2) The arc length of the second side groove 42 is greater than or equal to the sum of the arc length of the second limit portion 44 and the width of the mechanical core card slot 15.
  • the electronic core card slot 34 can be mechanically rotated.
  • the core card slot 15 is aligned, the lever 32 is moved, enters the electronic core card slot 34, and is located in the electronic core card slot 34 and the mechanical core card slot 15, thereby realizing the electronic core 3 and the mechanical core 2 Synchronous rotation between the two.
  • the arc length of the first side groove 41 is smaller than the arc length of the first limiting portion 43, referring to FIG. 12, it can be imagined that the first limiting portion 43 covers the electronic core card slot 34 and continues to rotate.
  • the electronic core card slot 34 is also incapable of being aligned with the housing card slot 16, and the present invention cannot be implemented. 5 and FIG. 6, it should be noted that, in FIG. 5, the mechanical core card slot 15 and the electronic core card slot 34 are staggered. In FIG. 6, with the rotation of the electronic core 3, the mechanical rotation The core card slot 15 is exactly opposite to the electronic core card slot 34, so the electronic core card slot 34 coincides with the lead of the reference numeral of the mechanical core card slot 15.
  • the mechanical core card groove 15 and the rod 32 are located above the second side groove 42 to satisfy the mechanical core 2 .
  • the mechanical core 2 Fixed to the outer casing 1, the mechanical core 2 cannot be rotated.
  • the electronic core card slot 34 can be aligned with the mechanical core card slot 15.
  • the arc length of the second side groove 42 is equal to the sum of the arc length of the second limiting portion 44 and the width of the mechanical core slot 15, when the second limiting portion 44 abuts the side of the second side groove 42
  • the mechanical core card slot 15 is just opposite to the side of the electronic core card slot 34, so that the card lever 32 just enters the electronic core card slot 34.
  • the arc length of the second side groove 42 must satisfy that the electronic core card slot 34 is located behind the mechanical core card slot 15 (clockwise for the front) to enable the rotation of the electron in a clockwise direction.
  • the electronic core of the present invention also needs to satisfy the following bonding relationship:
  • the housing card slot 16 is aligned with the mechanical core slot 15 and the electronic core card
  • the slot 34 is staggered, and the latch 32 is located in the housing card slot 16 and the mechanical core slot 15 to realize a fixed connection between the mechanical core 2 and the outer casing 1. The two cannot rotate with each other, and the mechanical core 2 is fixed to the outer casing 1.
  • the iron core 35 When unlocking, the iron core 35 is retracted into the electronic rotating core 3, and the electronic rotating core 3 is rotated counterclockwise to a fixed angle.
  • the mechanical rotating core slot 15 is aligned with the electronic rotating core slot 34, and the lever 32 is simultaneously located at the electronic rotating In the core card slot 34 and the mechanical core card slot 15, the synchronous rotation between the electronic core 3 and the mechanical core 2 is realized, and the electronic core 3 is continuously rotated, and the mechanical core 2 starts to rotate under the driving of the electronic core 3,
  • the lever 300 of the mechanical core 2 starts to rotate, and other related components are toggled to unlock.
  • the process of the lever 300 dialing other related components is the same as the prior art, and is no longer ⁇ Said.
  • the invention adopts the iron core 35 of the electromagnet to realize the clamping between the electronic rotary core 3 and the mechanical rotary core 2.
  • the electronic rotary core 3 and the mechanical rotary core 2 are engaged by the iron core 35, and cannot rotate each other.
  • the mechanical core 2 and the outer casing 1 are locked by the rod 32, and cannot rotate with each other.
  • the lever 300 of the mechanical core 2 cannot be rotated, and the locking is realized.
  • unlocking it is divided into three steps. The first step: the core 35 is retracted, and the separation of the electronic core 3 and the mechanical core 2 is realized. At this time, the mechanical core 2 is fixed on the outer casing 1 by the rod 32;
  • the second step manually rotating the electronic core 3 by the key.
  • the electronic core 3 rotates relative to the mechanical core 2, and when rotated to a certain angle, the mechanical core slot 15 is opposite to the electronic core slot 34.
  • the lever 32 leaves the mechanical core card slot 15 and enters the electronic core card slot 34, and is simultaneously located in the mechanical core card slot 15 and the electronic core card slot 34 to realize synchronous rotation of the electronic core 3 and the mechanical core 2.
  • the mechanical core 2 and the outer casing 1 are separated; the third step: the mechanical rotary core 2 can rotate with the electronic rotary core 3, and the shifting lever 300 is rotated to realize unlocking, so that the three steps are connected to each other, which is better. Anti-theft performance.
  • the response speed is improved, the structure is simplified, and the volume of the electronic lock cylinder is greatly reduced as compared with the scheme using the motor. And since the selection of the electronic core does not require power consumption, the life of the battery can be improved.
  • the electronic core 3 is further provided with a Hall sensor 13 located at a position outside the center of the front end surface of the electronic core 3; the bottom of the first cavity 23 and the Hall A magnet 8 is provided at a position opposite to the sensor 13.
  • the magnet 8 supplies an induced magnetic field to the Hall sensor 13.
  • the Hall sensor 13 sends a signal to the electronic control unit in the electronic core 3.
  • the electronic rotating core 3 and the mechanical rotating core 2 are relatively rotated, it is not necessary to continue supplying power to the electromagnet 12, and the electronic control unit can de-energize the circuit of the electromagnet 12, thereby further achieving the purpose of saving electric energy.
  • the electronic control unit monitors whether the electronic rotary core 3 is rotated by the Hall sensor 13. Only when the electronic rotary core 3 rotates, the unlocking record is stored, including the unlocking person, the unlocking time, etc., and can be stored in the electronic rotary core 3 or the electronic key. The unlock record can also be stored in both. Avoid the situation in the prior art that only the electronic key is inserted, and it is not actually opened and recorded, and the unlocking situation is recorded objectively and truthfully.
  • the front end opening of the outer casing 1 is provided with a triangular block 40 for restricting the rotation angle of the lever 300.
  • Block 40 can be dialed The effect of the rotation angle limit of the rod 300 can improve its performance.
  • the electronic lock cylinder of the embodiment further includes a tail seal 5 and an annular pressure plate 4.
  • the front end of the tail seal 5 has an annular sliding groove, and the tail seal 5 is located at the rear end of the outer casing 1.
  • the outer casing 1 is fixedly connected.
  • the tail seal 5 is provided with a radial connecting hole 48 and the outer casing 1 is fixedly connected by a screw 9.
  • the inside of the tail seal 5 is a cavity 19, and a key lever for an electronic key is provided.
  • the tail seal 5 is provided with a tail seal pin 6 along its radial direction, and the tail seal pin 6 extends into the interior of the tail seal 5 as a part of the cavity (the effect of which will be described later).
  • the platen 4 is fixedly attached to the rear end of the electronic core 3 and the platen 4 is located in the chute.
  • the platen 4 By providing an annular platen 4 and forming a platen cavity 46 therein, it is possible to provide space for mounting the electrical contacts 11 and to protect the electrical contacts 11, and the platen 4 and the electronic core 3
  • the body and the electronic key can be engaged with the pressure plate 4 to realize the purpose of the electronic key to drive the rotation of the electronic core 3 (the cooperation relationship between the electronic key and the electronic core) is described in detail below.
  • the platen 4 is provided with a platen pin 7 in its radial direction for engagement with an electronic key.
  • the slot wall of the electronic core card slot 34 is a slope
  • the slot wall of the housing card slot 16 is also a slope, so that the card bar 32 slides in and out. Out.
  • the first limiting portion 43 and the second limiting portion 44 have the same arc length, and the arc length of the second side groove 42 is the arc length of the first side groove 41. Times. As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, it can be ensured that when the unlocking and locking are performed, the electronic key drives the electronic rotating core 3 to rotate counterclockwise or clockwise at the same angle, which is in accordance with the usage habits of ordinary people.
  • an electronic lock system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the above description of an electronic lock cylinder structure, including an electronic lock cylinder 600, an electronic key 60, a lock body 500, and a U-shape as described above.
  • the main card pole 50 including an electronic lock cylinder 600, an electronic key 60, a lock body 500, and a U-shape as described above.
  • the electronic key 60 includes a key lever 54 and a key housing 57.
  • the upper middle portion of the key lever 54 is provided with a rotating guide groove 50 in the radial direction.
  • the outer wall of the head of the key lever 54 is axially disposed with a guide groove 59.
  • the guide groove 59 is opened to the rotary guide groove. 50 is connected; the insertion end of the key lever 54 is an accommodating space 51 for accommodating the key contact 52, and a key contact 52 is disposed therein, and the two key contacts 52 are mounted on the contact mounting seat 53, the contact mounting seat 53 is located on the key lever 54 and disposed along its axial direction.
  • the key contact 52 is a resilient contact.
  • the rotary guide 50 When inserted in the end, the rotary guide 50 just reaches the position of the tail seal pin 6, at which time the electronic key 60 can be rotated, and the free end of the tail seal pin 6 slides in the rotary guide 50. At this time, the platen pin 7 is caught in the guide groove 59, and the key lever 54 is manually rotated. The key lever 54 rotates the platen 4 by the platen pin 7, and the electronic core 3 fixedly connected to the platen 4 also starts to rotate. In the locked state, the tail seal pin 6 and the platen pin 7 are in the same straight line in the axial direction of the electronic core 3, ensuring that the guide groove 59 on the key lever 54 can be matched with the tail seal pin 6 and the platen pin 7 in sequence.
  • the key case 57 is provided with a key chip 56 (the structure of which is described below), the key chip 56 and the key contact 52 are connected by a wire 60; and the key case 57 is provided with a battery 58 for supplying power to the key chip 56.
  • the lock body 500 is provided with a lock core mounting hole 530, and the electronic lock core 600 is disposed in the lock core mounting hole 530 of the lock body.
  • the position of the lever 300 of the electronic lock cylinder 600 corresponds to the position of the card bead 521 to move the card bead 521 card. Press or release the main lever 501.
  • the lock body 500 is provided with two main rod holes (shown in the figure) for mounting the main rod 501, and a through hole is respectively arranged between the inner wall of the cylinder mounting hole 530 and the two main rod holes.
  • the first card 521 and the second ball 522 are respectively disposed in the through hole;
  • the main card 501 is U-shaped, and the first groove 511 and the second groove 512 are respectively opened on the inner side thereof, and the first groove 511 and The second groove 512 is adapted to the position of the through hole, and the through hole is sized to accommodate the first bead 521 and the second bead 522.
  • the first bead 521 and One side of the second card bead 522 is abutted by the narrow face 37 of the lever 300, and is abutted against the first groove 511 and the second groove 512 on one side.
  • the wide face 38 of the lever 300 faces the first bead 521 and the second bead 522, and the main bar 501 is lifted to unlock. If the elastic member is provided at the bottom of the main lever hole, the automatic ejection of the main lever 501 can be realized.
  • the outer casing 1 of the electronic lock cylinder 600 is not included in FIG. 19, and the outer casing 1 is replaced by the lock body 500 and its function is realized.
  • the inner wall of the lock cylinder mounting hole 530 is opened by the shape of the outer casing slot 16 of the outer casing 1.
  • the same slot In practice, if the electronic lock cylinder including the outer casing 1 is installed in the cylinder mounting hole 530, the same function can be achieved, but the outer casing 1 and the lock body 500 are required to achieve a fastening connection. As shown in FIG. 19, when the outer casing 1 is not used, the function of the outer casing 1 is realized by the lock body 500, and the inner wall of the lock cylinder mounting hole 530 is opened by the same shape as the outer casing slot 16 of the outer casing 1.
  • the unlocking method of the electronic lock system of the present invention comprises the following steps in sequence:
  • the key contact of the electronic key is in contact with the electronic contact of the electronic core, and the two exchange data and authority verification; the control chip in the electronic core can also be judged by the control circuit in the electronic key.
  • the authority data can be transmitted from the electronic key to the electronic core, or from the electronic core to the electronic key, as long as the authority verification can be realized.
  • S132 Stop unlocking
  • S14 rotating the electronic rotating core by using the electronic key, and the electronic rotating core drives the mechanical rotating core to rotate, so that the lever moves the card to release the main locking bar to realize unlocking.
  • step S14 while performing the step S14, the following steps are further performed: after the electronic control unit in the electronic core receives the rotation signal of the electronic core monitored by the Hall sensor, recording Unlock the person's information and store it. It can be stored on the memory chip of the electronic control unit or on the memory circuit of the key chip, or it can store the unlock record in both.
  • the storage unlocking record is started after the electronic rotating core is rotated, so that the unlocking can be made objective and accurate.
  • the electronic control unit in the electronic core receives the detected rotation signal of the electronic core after the Hall sensor
  • the electronic control unit disconnects the circuit of the electromagnet. That is, after the electronic core is rotated, it is no longer necessary to supply power to the electromagnet, and the power is cut off, which can save more power and increase battery life.
  • the electronic control unit in the electronic core can perform the two tasks in one of two tasks or simultaneously: a) record the information of the unlocker and store it;

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

一种电子锁芯包括机械转芯（2）、电子转芯（3）和用于容置机械转芯（2）、电子转芯（3）的两端敞口的圆筒状的外壳（1）及卡杆（32）；机械转芯（2）、电子转芯（3）之间通过电磁铁的铁芯（35）在轴向固定，机械转芯（2）和外壳（1）之间通过卡杆（32）固定，在铁芯（35）缩回时，机械转芯（2）和电子转芯（3）能相对转动一定角度，卡杆（32）移动以固定机械转芯（2）和电子转芯（3）并共同转动，此时，使用电子钥匙（60）转动电子转芯（3），带动机械转芯（2）的拨杆（300）转动而开锁。还公开了包括上述电子转芯的电子锁系统以及开锁方法。该电子转芯采用电磁铁的铁芯（35）来实现电子转芯（2）和机械转芯（3）之间的轴向固定，其响应速度快、体积小且结构简单。

Description

电子锁芯及含有该电子锁芯的电子锁系统及开锁方法 技术领域 本发明涉及一种电子锁芯、 含有该电子锁芯的电子锁系统及开锁 方法。 背景技术 目前市场上电子锁主要分成两大类， 一类是锁体自带电源供电的 电锁， 这种锁有两大缺点： 一、 由于锁内带有电池， 要定期更换电池， 因此维护成本很高； 二、 因为电池置于锁体内， 锁的体积较大， 因此 不能应用于如挂锁、 箱锁等产品上。 另一类电子锁的锁体内没有电源， 由钥匙提供锁具开启所需电源， 这类锁的锁芯相对上述的电子锁在体 积上缩少了， 但是， 这种电子锁芯仍存在以下几个方面的缺陷：
(1)电子锁芯的旋转由马达驱动， 马达的体积较大， 所以电子锁芯 的体积不能进一步降低， 此外马达还具有响应速度慢的缺点。
(2 ) 对电子锁芯的驱动装置 （如马达） 往往采用钥匙向锁芯供电 并提供储存的权限数据， 连续供电 5至 10秒钟后断电的方法， 这种方法 往往浪费很大的电能， 需要经常更换钥匙内的电池， 大大降低钥匙开 锁的次数。
(3)钥匙或者电子锁芯所记录的开锁记录不够准确， 每当钥匙插入 电子锁芯， 钥匙的钥匙触点和电子锁芯的电子触点接触后， 不管是否 打开， 都会被记录为开锁一次， 不能客观真实地记录开锁情况。 发明内容 针对现有技术存在的上述缺陷， 本发明要解决的一个技术问题是 提供一种集成度高、 防撬性好、 结构简单的电子锁芯。
为解决上述问题， 本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种电子锁芯， 包括机械转芯、 电子转芯和用于容置所述机械转 芯、 电子转芯的两端敞口的圆筒状的外壳以及卡杆； 所述外壳的一端 为前端， 该前端的开口处设有用于轴向限位的限位卡头； 所述机械转 芯的一端为扁平的拨杆， 所述拨杆伸出所述外壳的前端， 所述机械转 芯的后端为圆柱形的第一空腔， 所述第一空腔的底部圆心之外的部位 设有凹孔； 所述第一空腔的空腔壁的一段沿其轴向凸出， 形成弧形限 位部， 所述弧形限位部的中间部位开有平行于所述第一空腔轴线的贯 通的机械转芯卡槽， 把所述弧形限位部分成第一限位部和第二限位部; 所述电子转芯为多段圆柱状， 所述电子转芯的一端为后端， 该后端设 有电子触点， 所述电子转芯的前端插入第一空腔内与所述机械转芯形 成转动连接， 所述电子转芯内部设有电控单元和电磁铁， 所述电控单 元分别与所述电子触点和所述电磁铁连接并控制所述电磁铁的动作； 所述电子转芯的前端与所述凹孔相适配的位置设有供所述电磁铁的铁 芯伸缩的通孔， 所述电子转芯内部设有供所述铁芯抵靠使其伸出的弹 簧； 所述电子转芯的前端沿圆周方向开设有一段弧形的用于与所述弧 形限位部相配合的边槽， 所述边槽在轴向上与所述弧形限位部相配合， 所述边槽上沿所述电子转芯的轴向开设有电子转芯卡槽， 把所述边槽 分为与第一限位部相对的第一边槽和与所述第二限位部相对的第二边 槽， 所述第一边槽的弧长大于或者等于所述第一限位部的弧长并且所 述第二边槽的弧长大于或等于所述第二限位部的弧长与所述机械转芯 卡槽的宽度之和； 所述外壳的内壁沿轴向开设有外壳卡槽； 锁紧时， 所述铁芯伸入所述凹孔内， 所述外壳卡槽与所述机械转芯卡槽对准并 与所述电子转芯卡槽错开， 所述卡杆同时位于所述外壳卡槽与所述机 械转芯卡槽内； 开锁时， 所述铁芯缩回所述电子转芯内， 所述电子转 芯转动一定角度使所述电子转芯卡槽与所述机械转芯卡槽对准， 所述 卡杆向所述电子转芯卡槽移动并同时位于所述电子转芯卡槽与所述机 械转芯卡槽内， 使所述电子转芯与所述机械转芯同步转动。
作为优选， 所述电子转芯内还设有霍尔传感器， 所述霍尔传感器 位于所述电子转芯的前端面圆心之外的部位； 所述第一空腔的底部与 所述霍尔传感器相对的位置设有磁铁。
作为优选， 所述外壳的所述前端开口处设有三角形的用于限制所 述拨杆转动角度的卡块。
作为优选， 还包括尾封和环形的压盘， 所述尾封的前端开有环形 的滑槽， 所述尾封位于所述外壳的后端与所述外壳固定连接； 所述压 盘固定连接在所述电子转芯的后端并且所述压盘位于所述滑槽内。
作为优选， 所述电子转芯卡槽和 /或所述外壳卡槽的槽壁为斜坡。 作为优选， 所述第一限位部和第二限位部的弧长相等。
本发明同时还提供了一种电子锁系统， 包括如上所述的电子锁芯 以及电子钥匙、 锁体和 U形的主卡杆； 所述电子钥匙包括钥匙杆和钥 匙壳； 所述钥匙杆的中上部沿径向设置旋转导槽， 所述钥匙杆的头部 外壁轴向设置导槽， 所述导槽开至与旋转导槽连通； 所述钥匙杆的插 入端设有钥匙触点； 开锁时， 所述电子钥匙插入到所述电子锁芯内， 所述电子钥匙的钥匙触点与所述电子锁芯内的电子触点连通； 所述钥 匙壳内设有钥匙芯片， 钥匙芯片与钥匙触点通过导线连接； 钥匙壳内 设置有为钥匙芯片供电的电池； 所述主卡杆的内侧分别设有斜面凹槽; 所述锁体开有锁芯安装孔和两个主卡杆孔， 锁芯安装孔内壁与主卡杆 孔之间设有通孔， 所述通孔与所述斜面凹槽即电子锁芯的拨杆的位置 相匹配； 所述通孔内设有卡珠； 所述电子锁芯设置于锁体的锁芯安装 孔内， 所述电子锁芯的拨杆与所述卡珠的位置相对应以拨动所述卡珠 卡紧或松开所述主卡杆。
本发明还要解决的另一个技术问题是， 提供一种能准确记录真实 的开锁情况的开锁方法。
为解决准确记录开锁情况的技术问题， 本发明提供了一种电子锁 系统的开锁方法， 包括依次进行的如下步骤：
S11 : 所述电子钥匙的钥匙触点与所述电子转芯的电子触点接触， 二者进行权限数据的交换和权限验证；
S12 :判断通过权限验证是否成功， 如果权限验证成功则进行步骤 S131 , 如果权限验证未成功， 则进行步骤 S132;
S 131： 所述电子钥匙内的电池为所述电子转芯内的电磁铁供电， 所述电磁铁得电后其铁芯缩回所述电子转芯内， 并进行步骤 S 14;
S132: 停止开锁；
S14: 使用所述电子钥匙转动所述电子转芯， 所述电子转芯带动所 述机械转芯转动使所述拨杆拨动所述卡珠以松开所述主锁杆。
作为优选， 在进行所述 S14步骤的同时还进行如下步骤： 所述电子转芯内的电控单元接收到所述霍尔传感器监测到的所述 电子转芯的转动信号后， 记录开锁人的信息并存储。
作为进一步的优选， 在进行所述 S14步骤的同时还进行如下步骤: 所述电子转芯内的电控单元接收到所述霍尔传感器的监测到的所 述电子转芯的转动信号后， 电控单元将所述电磁铁的电路断开。
与现有技术相比， 本发明具有如下有益效果：
( 1 )采用电磁铁的铁芯来实现电子转芯和机械转芯之间的轴向固 定， 与马达相比， 电磁铁的响应速度快， 采用手动的方式转动电子转 芯， 取消了马达， 简化了结构， 大大降低了电子锁芯的体积。
( 2 ) 采用霍尔传感器监测电子锁芯是否转动， 转动后立即断电， 节省电能， 提高电池使用寿命。
( 3 ) 开锁记录准确， 采用霍尔传感器监测电子锁芯是否转动， 只 有转动电子锁芯时才对开锁情况进行记录并存储。 附图说明 图 1为本发明的实施例的电子锁芯整体结构示意图；
图 2为图 1所示的电子锁芯的另一个方向的整体结构示意图； 图 3为图 1所示的电子锁芯的分解示意图；
图 4为图 5的另一个方向的分解示意图；
图 5为图 1所示的电子锁芯的去掉外壳时的结构示意图；
图 6为图 5的另一个方向的示意图；
图 7为图 1所示的电子锁芯从尾封方向看的示意图；
图 8为图 7沿 A-A向的示意图 （电磁铁的铁芯伸出到凹孔内， 处于已 关锁状态）；
图 9为图 7沿 B-B向的示意图 （电磁铁的铁芯伸出到凹孔内， 处于已 关锁状态）；
图 10为图 7沿 B-B向的示意图 （电磁铁带电， 铁芯缩回电子锁芯内， 开始转动电子转芯开锁时）；
图 11为图 1所示的电子锁芯沿垂直于电子锁芯轴向的平面方向从 电子转芯和机芯转芯的结合部位剖切的示意图 （关锁状态）；
图 12为图 11开锁过程中转动电子转芯时的示意图； 图 13为图 11在电子转芯带动机械转芯旋转后， 处于完全打开状态 时的示意图；
图 14为本发明的实施例的电子钥匙的立体结构示意图；
图 15为图 14的主视图；
图 16为图 14的内部结构示意图；
图 17为图 14所示的电子钥匙的内部电路的组成框图；
图 18为本发明的实施例的电子锁芯的内部电路的组成框图； 图 19为应用本发明的电子锁芯（不带外壳）的挂锁的分解结构示意 图；
图 20为应用本发明的电子锁芯的挂锁的剖视示意图 （关锁状态）； 图 21为应用本发明的电子锁芯的挂锁的剖视示意图 （开锁状态）； 图 22为本发明的一个实施例的开锁方法的流程示意图。 具体实施方式 下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述， 但不作 为对本发明的限定。
如图 1-图 13所示， 本发明的一个实施例的电子锁芯， 包括机械转 芯 2、电子转芯 3和用于容置机械转芯 2和电子转芯 3的两端敞口的圆 筒状的外壳 1以及卡杆 32 (为图面简洁考虑，图 3和图 4中未显示卡杆 32， 卡杆 32详见图 5和图 6) ; 如图 2所示， 外壳 1的一端为前端， 该 前端开口设有用于轴向限位的限位卡头 307， 本实施例中， 限位卡头 307是外壳 1的一端开口处向内折而形成的，用于轴向限位其内部的部 件。 如图 3所示， 所述外壳 1的内壁沿轴向开设有外壳卡槽 16。 需要 指出的是， 在本发明的权利要求书和说明书中， 为表述方便， 凡是提 到 "前端"、 "后端"均按下述规则进行定义， 对电子锁芯来说， 沿所 述电子锁芯的轴向， 其 "后端"指的是用于插入钥匙的一端， 其 "前 端"指的是用于拨动锁的其他部件以开锁的一端， 对于其他的部件如 机械转芯 2、 电子转芯 3及外壳 1的 "前端"和 "后端"均与此含义相 同， 即其 "后端" 比 "前端"更靠近电子锁芯用于插入钥匙的一端。
如图 2至图 5所示， 机械转芯 2的前端为扁平的拨杆 300， 扁平的 拨杆 300包括一个较宽的宽面 38和一个较窄的窄面 37， 窄面 37用来 与其他部件抵靠， 为了更好地与其他部件配合， 窄面 37为圆弧面。 拨 杆 300伸出外壳 1的前端，机械转芯 2的后端为圆柱形的第一空腔 23， 第一空腔 23的底部圆心之外的部位设有凹孔 26; 第一空腔 23的空腔 壁的一段沿其轴向凸出， 形成弧形限位部， 所述弧形限位部的中间部 位开有平行于第一空腔 23轴线的贯通的机械转芯卡槽 15，把弧形限位 部分隔成第一限位部 43和第二限位部 44。
如图 3至图 5所示， 电子转芯 3为多段圆柱状， 电子转芯 3的后 端设有两个电子触点 11，电子转芯 3的前端插入第一空腔 23内与机械 转芯 2形成转动连接。以下结合图 8-图 11继续说明电子转芯 3的结构， 电子转芯 3内部设有电控单元（图中未示出）和电磁铁 12， 电控单元设 置于电路板 10上， 电控单元分别与电子触点 11和电磁铁 12连接并控 制电磁铁 12的动作。 如图 4、 图 9、 图 10所示， 电子转芯 3的前端与 凹孔 26相适配的位置设有供电磁铁 12的铁芯 35伸缩的通孔， 电子转 芯 3内部设有供铁芯 35抵靠使其伸出的弹簧 301，铁芯 35同时充当卡 在凹孔 26内的卡接部件使用， 电磁铁 12失电时， 铁芯 35伸出电子转 芯 3位于凹孔 26内，使得电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2之间只能同步转动， 为了达到在轴向上只设置一个铁芯 35便能达到二者同步转动的目的， 凹孔 26及对应的铁芯 35必须设置于偏离圆心的部位。
参照图 4并结合图 11、图 12继续说明机械转芯 2与电子转芯 3之 间的配合情况， 电子转芯 3的前端沿圆周方向开设有一段弧形的用于 与弧形限位部相配合的边槽， 边槽在轴向上与弧形限位部相配合， 以 保证电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2之间可以以一定角度相互转动。 边槽上 沿电子转芯 3的轴向开设有电子转芯卡槽 34， 把边槽分为与第一限位 部 43相对的第一边槽 41和与第二限位部 44相对的第二边槽 42;并且 满足以下两方面的几何关系： （1 )第一边槽 41的弧长大于或者等于第 一限位部 43的弧长。 (2)第二边槽 42的弧长大于或等于第二限位部 44 的弧长与机械转芯卡槽 15的宽度之和。
下面参照图 11、图 12并结合图 5和图 6解释上述两方面的几何关 系是为了保证电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2之间能以一定角度转动。
如图 12所示， 在电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2相互转动时， 当第一限 位部 43与第一边槽 41的边相抵靠时， 电子转芯卡槽 34能够与机械转 芯卡槽 15对准， 卡杆 32移动， 进入电子转芯卡槽 34内， 并同时位于 电子转芯卡槽 34与机械转芯卡槽 15内，实现电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2 之间的同步转动。 反之， 如果第一边槽 41的弧长小于第一限位部 43 的弧长， 参照图 12， 可以想象， 此时第一限位部 43覆盖在电子转芯卡 槽 34上， 再继续旋转电子转芯卡槽 34也不能与外壳卡槽 16相对准， 不能实现本发明。 针对图 5和图 6， 需要指出的是， 在图 5中， 机械转 芯卡槽 15与电子转芯卡槽 34是错开的， 在图 6中， 随着电子转芯 3 的转动， 机械转芯卡槽 15与电子转芯卡槽 34正好相对， 所以电子转 芯卡槽 34与机械转芯卡槽 15的附图标记的引线重合。
参照图 11，以满足在第二限位部 44与第二边槽 42的边相抵靠时， 机械转芯卡槽 15和卡杆 32与位于第二边槽 42的上方， 满足机械转芯 2与外壳 1固定， 机械转芯 2不能转动。 按照图示的箭头方向， 顺时针 旋转电子转芯 3，可以实现电子转芯卡槽 34与机械转芯卡槽 15相对准。 当第二边槽 42的弧长等于第二限位部 44的弧长与机械转芯卡槽 15的 宽度之和时， 在第二限位部 44与第二边槽 42的边相抵靠时， 机械转 芯卡槽 15， 刚好与电子转芯卡槽 34—边相对， 使卡杆 32刚好欲进入 电子转芯卡槽 34内。 换句话说， 参照图 11， 第二边槽 42的弧长必须 满足电子转芯卡槽 34位于机械转芯卡槽 15的后方（以顺时针为前方）， 才能实现按照顺时针的方向旋转电子转芯 3时， 实现卡杆 32的移动， 使卡杆 32进入电子转芯卡槽 34并同时位于机械转芯卡槽 15内， 实现 电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2之间的同步转动。 同时， 本发明的电子转芯 还需要满足如下的结合关系： 锁紧时， 铁芯 35伸入凹孔 26内时， 外 壳卡槽 16与机械转芯卡槽 15对准并与电子转芯卡槽 34错开，卡杆 32 同时位于外壳卡槽 16与机械转芯卡槽 15内，实现机械转芯 2和外壳 1 之间的固定连接， 二者不能相互转动， 机械转芯 2固定于外壳 1上； 开锁时，铁芯 35缩回电子转芯 3内，逆时针转动电子转芯 3—定角度， 机械转芯卡槽 15与电子转芯卡槽 34对准， 卡杆 32同时位于电子转芯 卡槽 34与机械转芯卡槽 15内， 实现电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2之间的 同步转动， 继续旋转电子转芯 3， 机械转芯 2在电子转芯 3带动下开始 旋转， 机械转芯 2的拨杆 300开始转动， 拨动其他相关部件以实现开 锁。 拨杆 300拨动其他相关部件的过程与现有技术相同， 在此不再赘 述。
本发明采用电磁铁的铁芯 35来实现电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2之间 的卡接， 在未通电时， 电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2通过铁芯 35卡接， 不 能相互转动， 机械转芯 2和外壳 1之间通过卡杆 32实现卡持， 不能相 互转动， 机械转芯 2的拨杆 300不能转动， 实现了锁紧。 在开锁时， 分为三个步骤， 第一步： 铁芯 35缩回， 实现电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2 的分离， 此时， 机械转芯 2通过卡杆 32固定在外壳 1上； 第二步： 通 过钥匙手动旋转电子转芯 3，此时，电子转芯 3相对于机械转芯 2转动， 在转动到一定角度时， 机械转芯卡槽 15与电子转芯卡槽 34相对， 卡 杆 32离开机械转芯卡槽 15并进入电子转芯卡槽 34， 并且同时位于机 械转芯卡槽 15与电子转芯卡槽 34内， 实现电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2 的同步转动， 并且此时机械转芯 2与外壳 1实现脱离； 第三步： 机械 转芯 2能随着电子转芯 3而转动， 带动拨杆 300转动， 实现开锁， 如 此三步骤相互衔接， 具有较好的防盗性能。 由于本发明采用电磁铁， 与采用马达的方案相比， 提高了响应速度， 简化了结构， 大大降低了 电子锁芯的体积。 并且由于选择电子转芯不需要耗费电能， 能够提高 电池的寿命。
作为优选方案， 本实施例中， 电子转芯 3内还设有霍尔传感器 13， 霍尔传感器 13位于电子转芯 3的前端面圆心之外的部位；第一空腔 23 的底部与霍尔传感器 13相对的位置设有磁铁 8。 磁铁 8为霍尔传感器 13提供感应磁场， 当电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2相对转动时， 霍尔传感 器 13向电子转芯 3内的电控单元发出信号。 电子转芯 3和机械转芯 2 相对转动时， 便不必为电磁铁 12继续供电， 电控单元使电磁铁 12的 电路断电， 可以进一步达到节省电能的目的。 此外， 电控单元通过霍 尔传感器 13监测电子转芯 3是否转动， 只有电子转芯 3转动时候， 才 存储开锁记录， 包括开锁人、 开锁时间等， 可以存储在电子转芯 3内 或者电子钥匙内， 也可以在二者中均存储开锁记录。 避免现有技术中 只是插入电子钥匙， 并没有实际打开也被记录的情况， 客观真实地记 录开锁情况。
如图 2所示， 作为优选， 本实施例中， 外壳 1的前端开口处设有 三角形的用于限制拨杆 300转动角度的卡块 40。卡块 40可以起到对拨 杆 300的转动角度限位的作用， 可以提高其使用性能。
如图 1-图 10所示，本实施例的电子锁芯还包括尾封 5和环形的压 盘 4， 尾封 5的前端开有环形的滑槽， 尾封 5位于外壳 1的后端与外壳 1固定连接， 如图 3-图 10所示， 尾封 5设有径向的连接孔 48与外壳 1 通过螺丝 9固定连接， 尾封 5内部为空腔 19， 可供电子钥匙的钥匙杆 进入； 尾封 5上沿其径向设置有尾封销钉 6， 尾封销钉 6伸入尾封 5内 部为空腔一部分 （其作用见后面的描述）。 如图 4所示， 压盘 4固定连 接在电子转芯 3的后端并且压盘 4位于滑槽内。通过设置环形的压盘 4， 并在其内部形成压盘空腔 46， 可以为安装电子触点 11提供空间， 并能 起到保护电子触点 11的作用， 并且压盘 4和电子转芯 3—体， 电子钥 匙可与压盘 4卡合来实现电子钥匙带动电子转芯 3转动的目的 （电子 钥匙与电子转芯的配合关系下文详细描述）。 在本实施例中， 如图 8所 示， 压盘 4上沿其径向设置有压盘销钉 7， 用于与电子钥匙实现卡合。
如图 3及图 11-图 13所示， 作为优选方案， 本实施例中， 电子转 芯卡槽 34槽壁为斜坡， 外壳卡槽 16的槽壁也为斜坡， 便于卡杆 32滑 进滑出。
作为优选方案， 本实施例中， 所述第一限位部 43和第二限位部 44 的弧长相等， 所述第二边槽 42的弧长是第一边槽 41的弧长的两倍。 如图 11和图 12所示， 可以保证开锁和锁紧时， 电子钥匙带动电子转 芯 3逆时针或顺时针转动的角度相同， 符合一般人的使用习惯。 以下 参照图 14-图 21， 并结合上述对电子锁芯结构的描述说明本发明的一 个实施例的电子锁系统， 包括如上所述的电子锁芯 600、 电子钥匙 60、 锁体 500和 U形的主卡杆 50。电子钥匙 60包括钥匙杆 54和钥匙壳 57; 钥匙杆 54的中上部沿径向设置旋转导槽 50， 钥匙杆 54的头部外壁轴 向设置导槽 59， 导槽 59开至与旋转导槽 50连通； 钥匙杆 54的插入端 为容置钥匙触点 52的容置空间 51， 其内设有钥匙触点 52， 两个钥匙 触点 52安装在触点安装座 53上， 触点安装座 53位于钥匙杆 54并沿 其轴向设置。 为了实现良好的电接触性能， 作为优选方案， 本实施例 中， 钥匙触点 52为弹性触点。 开锁时， 电子钥匙 60插入到电子锁芯 600内， 电子钥匙 60的钥匙触点 52与电子锁芯 600内的电子触点 11 连通。结合图 1、 图 3和图 4以及图 9和图 10说明一下电子钥匙 60与 电子锁芯的机械配合关系， 在将要开锁时， 钥匙杆 54的插入端要插入 尾封 5内的空腔 19时， 导槽 59与尾封销钉 6要对准， 才能插入， 待 钥匙杆 54插入到底时， 旋转导槽 50刚好到达尾封销钉 6位置， 此时 可以旋转电子钥匙 60， 尾封销钉 6的自由端在旋转导槽 50中滑动。并 且此时， 压盘销钉 7卡在导槽 59中， 手动旋转钥匙杆 54， 钥匙杆 54 通过压盘销钉 7带动压盘 4旋转， 与压盘 4固定连接的电子转芯 3也 开始旋转。 在关锁状态， 尾封销钉 6和压盘销钉 7在电子转芯 3的轴 向上位于同一直线上， 保证钥匙杆 54上的导槽 59可以依次与尾封销 钉 6、 压盘销钉 7配合， 并且在导槽 59与压盘销钉 7配合时， 尾封销 钉 6与旋转导槽 50配合， 此时可以旋转钥匙杆 54， 并且， 尾封销钉 6 和压盘销钉 7不再位于同一直线上， 在开锁状态下， 由于钥匙杆 54上 的导槽 59与压盘销钉 7配合， 钥匙杆 54被压盘销钉 7卡住， 钥匙杆 54不能自由拔出， 只有反向旋转钥匙杆 54， 即从开锁状态返回关锁状 态时， 尾封销钉 6和压盘销钉 7又回到同一直线上（平行于电子转芯 3 的轴向）， 此时可以拔出钥匙杆 54。
钥匙壳 57内设有钥匙芯片 56 (其结构见下文描述）， 钥匙芯片 56 与钥匙触点 52通过导线 60连接； 钥匙壳 57 内设置有为钥匙芯片 56 供电的电池 58。
锁体 500开有锁芯安装孔 530， 电子锁芯 600设置于锁体的锁芯安装 孔 530内， 电子锁芯 600的拨杆 300与卡珠 521的位置相对应以拨动卡珠 521卡紧或松开主卡杆 501。
锁体 500上设置有用于安装主卡杆 501的两个主卡杆孔 （图中为示 出）， 锁芯安装孔 530的内壁与两个主卡杆孔之间分别设有通孔， 所述 通孔内分别设有第一卡珠 521和第二卡珠 522 ; 主卡杆 501为 U形， 其内 侧分别开设有第一凹槽 511和第二凹槽 512， 第一凹槽 511和第二凹槽 512与所述通孔的位置相适配， 并且所述通孔尺寸可容纳所述第一卡珠 521和第二卡珠 522， 在锁紧状态时， 第一卡珠 521和第二卡珠 522的一 侧被所述拨杆 300的窄面 37相抵靠， 并一侧被并在所述第一凹槽 511和 第二凹槽 512所抵靠。 在锁紧状态时， 拨杆 300的宽面 38正对第一卡珠 521和第二卡珠 522， 提拉主卡杆 501便实现开锁。 如果在主卡杆孔的底 部设有弹性件， 便能实现主卡杆 501的自动弹出。 需要指出的是， 图 19中未包括电子锁芯 600的外壳 1， 由锁体 500 来代替外壳 1并实现其功能，在锁芯安装孔 530的内壁开设由与外壳 1 的外壳卡槽 16形状相同的槽。 实施上， 锁芯安装孔 530内如果安装包 括外壳 1 的电子锁芯， 同样可以实现相同的功能， 只是需要外壳 1和 锁体 500实现紧固连接。如图 19所示，在不使用外壳 1时， 由锁体 500 来实现外壳 1 的功能， 在锁芯安装孔 530的内壁开设由与外壳 1 的外 壳卡槽 16形状相同的槽， 在这种情况下， 为了防止拨杆 300越位， 在 锁芯安装孔 530 的底部可设置一个限位杆（图中未示出）， 限位杆从锁 芯安装孔 530的底部凸出， 限位杆与上文所述的外壳 1上的卡块 40的 作用相同， 在此不再赘述。 此外， 图 19中未示出用于把电子锁芯 600 与锁体 500 固定连接的安装钉， 这是本领域技术人员的技术常识， 在 此也不再赘述。
参照图 22所示的流程图并结合图 17和图 18所示的电子钥匙及电 子转芯的电路结构框图说明本发明的电子锁系统的开锁方法。 需指出 的是图 17和图 18只是示意地表示了电子钥匙及电子转芯内的信号流 和电力传输关系。 图 17和图 18中， 信号流采用空心大箭头表示， 电 力传输采用细实线表示。
本发明的电子锁系统的开锁方法包括依次进行的如下步骤：
S11 : 电子钥匙的钥匙触点与电子转芯的电子触点接触， 二者进行 权限数据的交换和权限验证； 可以是电子转芯内的控制芯片也可以由 电子钥匙内的控制电路进行判断， 权限数据可以是由电子钥匙传向电 子转芯， 也可以从电子转芯传向电子钥匙， 只要能实现权限验证即可。
S12 :判断通过权限验证是否成功， 如果权限验证成功则进行步骤 S131 , 如果权限验证未成功， 则进行步骤 S132; 由电子钥匙内的钥匙 芯片内的控制电路根据存储在钥匙芯片的存储电路上的或者电子转芯 的电控单元的控制芯片根据所存储在电控单元的存储芯片上的权限数 据进行比较。
S131 : 所述可由电子转芯内的电控单元控制电路使所述电子钥 匙内的电池为所述电子转芯内的电磁铁供电， 所述电磁铁得电后其铁 芯缩回所述电子转芯内， 并进行步骤 S14;
S132 : 停止开锁； S14: 使用所述电子钥匙转动所述电子转芯， 所述电子转芯带动所 述机械转芯转动使所述拨杆拨动所述卡珠以松开所述主锁杆， 实现开 锁。
作为一种优选方案， 在进行所述 S14步骤的同时还进行如下步骤: 所述电子转芯内的电控单元接收到所述霍尔传感器监测到的所述 电子转芯的转动信号后， 记录开锁人的信息并存储。 可以存储在电控 单元的存储芯片上或钥匙芯片的存储电路上， 也可以在二者均存储开 锁记录。 在电子转芯转动后才开始存储开锁记录， 可以使开锁记客观 准确。
作为另一种优选方案， 在进行所述 S14步骤的同时还进行如下步 骤： 所述电子转芯内的电控单元接收到所述霍尔传感器的监测到的所 述电子转芯的转动信号后， 电控单元将所述电磁铁的电路断开。 即在 转动电子转芯后已不需要给电磁铁供电， 便切断电源， 可以更加节省 电能， 增加电池寿命。 并且， 所述电子转芯内的电控单元接收到所述 霍尔传感器的监测到的所述电子转芯的转动信号后， 可以以下两项任 务中的一个或者同时执行该两项任务： （a)记录开锁人的信息并存储;
(b) 将所述电磁铁的电路断开。 这样可以保证开锁记录的准确性， 确 保只是在真正打开锁时， 才记录， 而且更省电。 当然， 以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式， 应当指出， 对于本技 术领域的普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下， 还可以 做出若干改进和润饰， 这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种电子锁芯， 其特征在于， 包括机械转芯、 电子转芯和用于 容置所述机械转芯、 电子转芯的两端敞口的圆筒状的外壳以及卡杆； 所述外壳的一端为前端， 该前端的开口处设有用于轴向限位的限 位卡头；
所述机械转芯的一端为扁平的拨杆， 所述拨杆伸出所述外壳的前 端， 所述机械转芯的后端为圆柱形的第一空腔， 所述第一空腔的底部 圆心之外的部位设有凹孔； 所述第一空腔的空腔壁的一段沿其轴向凸 出， 形成弧形限位部， 所述弧形限位部的中间部位开有平行于所述第 一空腔轴线的贯通的机械转芯卡槽， 把所述弧形限位部分成第一限位 部和第二限位部；
所述电子转芯为多段圆柱状， 所述电子转芯的一端为后端， 该后 端设有电子触点， 所述电子转芯的前端插入第一空腔内与所述机械转 芯形成转动连接， 所述电子转芯内部设有电控单元和电磁铁， 所述电 控单元分别与所述电子触点和所述电磁铁连接并控制所述电磁铁的动 作； 所述电子转芯的前端与所述凹孔相适配的位置设有供所述电磁铁 的铁芯伸缩的通孔， 所述电子转芯内部设有供所述铁芯抵靠使其伸出 的弹簧；
所述电子转芯的前端沿圆周方向开设有一段弧形的用于与所述弧 形限位部相配合的边槽， 所述边槽在轴向上与所述弧形限位部相配合， 所述边槽上沿所述电子转芯的轴向开设有电子转芯卡槽， 把所述边槽 分为与第一限位部相对的第一边槽和与所述第二限位部相对的第二边 槽， 所述第一边槽的弧长大于或者等于所述第一限位部的弧长并且所 述第二边槽的弧长大于或等于所述第二限位部的弧长与所述机械转芯 卡槽的宽度之和；
所述外壳的内壁沿轴向开设有外壳卡槽；
锁紧时， 所述铁芯伸入所述凹孔内， 所述外壳卡槽与所述机械转 芯卡槽对准并与所述电子转芯卡槽错开， 所述卡杆同时位于所述外壳 卡槽与所述机械转芯卡槽内； 开锁时， 所述铁芯缩回所述电子转芯内， 所述电子转芯转动一定角度使所述电子转芯卡槽与所述机械转芯卡槽 对准， 所述卡杆向所述电子转芯卡槽移动并同时位于所述电子转芯卡 槽与所述机械转芯卡槽内， 使所述电子转芯与所述机械转芯同步转动。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的电子锁芯， 其特征在于， 所述电子转芯内 还设有霍尔传感器， 所述霍尔传感器位于所述电子转芯的前端面圆心 之外的部位； 所述第一空腔的底部与所述霍尔传感器相对的位置设有 磁铁。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的电子锁芯， 其特征在于， 所述外壳的 所述前端开口处设有三角形的用于限制所述拨杆转动角度的卡块。
4、 如权利要求 2所述的电子锁芯， 其特征在于， 还包括尾封和环 形的压盘， 所述尾封的前端开有环形的滑槽， 所述尾封位于所述外壳 的后端与所述外壳固定连接；
所述压盘固定连接在所述电子转芯的后端并且所述压盘位于所述 滑槽内。
5、 如权利要求 1或 2或 4所述的电子锁芯， 其特征在于， 所述电 子转芯卡槽和 /或所述外壳卡槽的槽壁为斜坡。
6、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的电子锁芯， 其特征在于， 所述第一限 位部和第二限位部的弧长相等。
7、 一种电子锁系统， 其特征在于， 包括权利要求 2或 4所述的电 子锁芯以及电子钥匙、 锁体和 U形的主卡杆；
所述电子钥匙包括钥匙杆和钥匙壳；
所述钥匙杆的中上部沿径向设置旋转导槽， 所述钥匙杆的头部外 壁轴向设置导槽， 所述导槽开至与旋转导槽连通；
所述钥匙杆的插入端设有钥匙触点； 开锁时， 所述电子钥匙插入 到所述电子锁芯内， 所述电子钥匙的钥匙触点与所述电子锁芯内的电 子触点连通；
所述钥匙壳内设有钥匙芯片， 钥匙芯片与钥匙触点通过导线连接; 钥匙壳内设置有为钥匙芯片供电的电池；
所述主卡杆的内侧分别设有斜面凹槽；
所述锁体开有锁芯安装孔和两个主卡杆孔， 锁芯安装孔内壁与主 卡杆孔之间设有通孔， 所述通孔与所述斜面凹槽即电子锁芯的拨杆的 位置相匹配； 所述通孔内设有卡珠；
所述电子锁芯设置于锁体的锁芯安装孔内， 所述电子锁芯的拨杆 与所述卡珠的位置相对应以拨动所述卡珠卡紧或松开所述主卡杆。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的电子锁系统的开锁方法， 其特征在于， 包 括依次进行的如下步骤：
S11 : 所述电子钥匙的钥匙触点与所述电子转芯的电子触点接触， 二者进行权限数据的交换和权限验证；
S12 :判断通过权限验证是否成功， 如果权限验证成功则进行步骤 S131 , 如果权限验证未成功， 则进行步骤 S132;
S 131： 所述电子钥匙内的电池为所述电子转芯内的电磁铁供电， 所述电磁铁得电后其铁芯缩回所述电子转芯内， 并进行步骤 S 14;
S132: 停止开锁；
S14: 使用所述电子钥匙转动所述电子转芯， 所述电子转芯带动所 述机械转芯转动使所述拨杆拨动所述卡珠以松开所述主锁杆。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的电子锁系统的开锁方法， 其特征在于， 在 进行所述 S14步骤的同时还进行如下步骤：
所述电子转芯内的电控单元接收到所述霍尔传感器监测到的所述 电子转芯的转动信号后， 记录开锁人的信息并存储。
10、 如权利要求 8或 9所述的电子锁系统的开锁方法， 其特征在 于， 在进行所述 S14步骤的同时还进行如下步骤：
所述电子转芯内的电控单元接收到所述霍尔传感器的监测到的所 述电子转芯的转动信号后， 电控单元将所述电磁铁的电路断开。
PCT/CN2013/000814 2012-07-03 2013-07-03 电子锁芯及含有该电子锁芯的电子锁系统及开锁方法 WO2014005422A1 (zh)

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