WO2013190996A1 - 導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物、導光体予備成形物、積層導光体予備成形物、面光源装置用導光体及び面光源装置 - Google Patents
導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物、導光体予備成形物、積層導光体予備成形物、面光源装置用導光体及び面光源装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013190996A1 WO2013190996A1 PCT/JP2013/065536 JP2013065536W WO2013190996A1 WO 2013190996 A1 WO2013190996 A1 WO 2013190996A1 JP 2013065536 W JP2013065536 W JP 2013065536W WO 2013190996 A1 WO2013190996 A1 WO 2013190996A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light guide
- light
- preform
- source device
- light source
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C44/04—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles consisting of at least two parts of chemically or physically different materials, e.g. having different densities
- B29C44/06—Making multilayered articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00663—Production of light guides
- B29D11/00721—Production of light guides involving preforms for the manufacture of light guides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08L33/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/045—Light guides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/0036—2-D arrangement of prisms, protrusions, indentations or roughened surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
- G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
- G02B6/0041—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles provided in the bulk of the light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0065—Manufacturing aspects; Material aspects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0066—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form characterised by the light source being coupled to the light guide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2101/00—Point-like light sources
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resin composition for a light guide preform, a light guide preform, a laminated light guide preform, a light guide for a surface light source device, and a surface light source device.
- an edge light type is often used from the viewpoint of making the liquid crystal display device compact.
- At least one end face of a rectangular light guide plate is used as a light incident end face.
- a linear primary light source such as a straight tube fluorescent lamp or a dotted primary light source such as a light emitting diode (LED) is disposed along the light incident end surface. The light emitted from the primary light source is incident on the light incident end face of the light guide plate, is introduced into the light guide plate, and is emitted from one of the two light emitting surfaces of the light guide plate.
- the light emitted from the light emitting surface of the light guide plate is diffused by a light diffusing element such as a light diffusing film and a light deflecting element such as a prism sheet disposed on the light emitting surface, and is deflected in a required direction.
- a light diffusing element such as a light diffusing film
- a light deflecting element such as a prism sheet disposed on the light emitting surface
- a light reflecting element such as a light reflecting sheet is disposed on the other back surface of the two main surfaces of the light guide plate so as to return the light emitted from the back surface to the light guide plate.
- a light emitting mechanism having a function for emitting light is formed on the light emitting surface or the back surface of the light guide.
- a rough surface that is appropriately roughened or a micro uneven structure such as a lens array forming surface in which a large number of lens arrays are arranged is used.
- a resin molded body is formed by molding a resin molded body using a molding apparatus using a molding die member having an uneven surface formed by blasting or cutting. Examples thereof include a method of transferring the irregular shape on the surface and a method of forming a foam layer on the surface of the resin molded body.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a method of forming a foam surface layer by laser irradiation processing on the main surface of a plate-shaped light guide preform made of a high molecular weight methacrylic resin produced by cast polymerization. .
- Patent Document 2 proposes a method in which a thermoplastic resin molded body is impregnated with carbon dioxide and / or nitrogen and then irradiated with a laser.
- Patent Document 1 it is possible to form a surface foam layer on the main surface of a plate-shaped light guide preform using an acrylic resin obtained by cast polymerization. There is a problem in that a foam layer cannot be formed on the surface of a molded product using an acrylic resin suitable for molding, and a light guide having a good light scattering effect cannot be obtained.
- Patent Document 2 requires a step of impregnating carbon dioxide and / or nitrogen before laser irradiation, leading to a problem of high costs.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and even in an acrylic resin having good moldability, a light guide preform that can form a foamed layer by laser irradiation processing and can form a good light scattering pattern at low cost
- An object of the present invention is to provide a resin composition.
- [4] The resin composition for a light guide preform according to [3], wherein the silicone compound is dimethyl silicone oil.
- the resin is a polymer containing 30 to 100% by mass of methyl methacrylate units and 0 to 70% by mass of other monomer units.
- a light guide preform which is a sheet obtained from the resin composition for a light guide preform according to any one of [1] to [5].
- [7] A laminated light guide preform, which is a laminate obtained by laminating the light guide preform according to [6] on another translucent sheet.
- the light guide preform according to [6] which is a sheet obtained by extrusion molding or injection molding of a resin composition for a light guide preform.
- At least one end face of the light guide preform according to [6] or [8] is a light incident end face, one of the two main faces of the light guide preform is a light exit face, and the other A light guide for a surface light source device having a main surface of the light source device as a back surface, wherein a surface layer having air bubbles is formed on a part or the entire region of the light emission surface or the back surface.
- At least one end face of the light guide preform that forms the laminated light guide preform according to [7] or [9] is used as a light incident end face, and two of the laminated light guide preforms are used.
- region [12] The light source for a surface light source device according to [10] or [11], wherein the thickness of the surface layer is 1 to 50 ⁇ m. [13] The light guide for a surface light source device according to any one of [10] to [12], wherein the surface layer has a concave shape in a cross section including the normal direction of the light emitting surface or the back surface.
- the light source for a surface light source device according to any one of [10] to [13], wherein the surface layer is formed by laser irradiation processing.
- the light source for a surface light source device according to [14], wherein the laser used for laser irradiation processing is an infrared laser.
- the light guide for a surface light source device according to [15], wherein the infrared laser is a carbon dioxide gas laser.
- a foamed layer having a large light scattering effect can be formed on the surface of a molded product at low cost by laser irradiation processing, which is suitable as a light guide for a liquid crystal display device or the like.
- FIG. 4A is an enlarged view of the light emitting mechanism in the light source sample for the surface light source device
- FIG. 4B is a front view of the light guide sample for the surface light source device.
- FIG. 6 is a SEM plan view and a SEM cross-sectional view showing a surface layer or a concave portion having air bubbles which becomes a light emitting mechanism of the light guide for a surface light source device obtained in Examples 3 to 8 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4.
- the present resin is contained in the resin composition for a light guide preform according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “the present resin composition”).
- the mass average molecular weight (hereinafter referred to as “Mw”) of the resin is 60,000 to 150,000.
- Mw mass average molecular weight
- the upper limit of Mw is preferably 100,000 or less.
- the resin examples include a methyl methacrylate homopolymer or a copolymer of a monomer mixture mainly composed of methyl methacrylate.
- a polymer containing 30 to 100% by mass of methyl methacrylate units and 0 to 70% by mass of other monomer units is preferable.
- the methyl methacrylate unit By setting the methyl methacrylate unit to 30% by mass or more, the transparency of the obtained light guide tends to be improved.
- Examples of other monomers include ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, iso-propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, iso-butyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid.
- -2-Methyl acrylate such as 2-ethylhexyl, benzyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, iso-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, iso-butyl acrylate, tert-acrylate
- acrylic acid esters such as butyl, cyclohexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and benzyl acrylate
- aromatic vinyl monomers such as styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene.
- these other monomers may be used independently and may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
- the first resin composition contains a resin having a mass average molecular weight of 60,000 to 150,000, and performs thermal mass measurement at a temperature rising rate of 5 ° C./minute from 100 ° C. in air.
- the 30% thermal mass reduction temperature is 310 ° C. or less
- the difference between the 40% thermal mass reduction temperature and the 20% thermal mass reduction temperature is 7 ° C. or less.
- the 30% thermal mass reduction temperature of the resin composition is 310 ° C. or less
- the difference between the 40% thermal mass reduction temperature and the 20% thermal mass reduction temperature is 7 ° C. or less.
- Laser foamability of a molded body hereinafter referred to as “the present molded body” such as a certain light guide preform (hereinafter referred to as “the present light guide preform”) is improved.
- the first present resin composition has a surface foam layer formed by laser irradiation processing of the present molded body, and has a surface of 40 ° C. under a simulated air flow containing 80% by mass of helium and 20% by mass of oxygen.
- the peak temperature of the maximum peak among the peaks showing the mass-to-charge ratio m / z 100 when the substance generated when heated at a temperature rising rate of 5 ° C./min from the state is subjected to mass spectrometry by ionization method using light energy Is preferably 310 ° C. or lower and the peak temperature half width is 25 ° C. or lower.
- the molded body capable of forming a better foamed layer generates more decomposed gas of the present light guide body preform during laser irradiation processing.
- the resin when a polymer containing 30 to 100% by mass of methyl methacrylate units and 0 to 70% by mass of other monomer units is used as the resin contained in the resin composition, the resin By evaluating the detection state of the mass-to-charge ratio m / z 100 indicating the methyl methacrylate component as the decomposition product gas component of the composition, the formation state of the foam layer on the surface of the light guide preform can be determined.
- the m / z 100 peak temperature is preferably 200 ° C. or higher in terms of generation of decomposed gas during laser irradiation processing.
- the peak temperature half-value width is preferably 1 ° C. or higher in terms of laser processability.
- the peak temperature half-value width means a value indicating a temperature region in which a detection amount is 50% or more of the maximum detection amount in the maximum peak among the peaks indicating the mass to charge ratio m / z 100.
- Examples of the first resin composition include a resin composition having a content of the resin of 50% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less.
- a resin composition containing 0001 to 1 part by mass, preferably 0.0001 to 0.5 part by mass may be used.
- the 90% thermal mass reduction temperature is 250 ° C. or higher and 650 ° C. or lower when thermal mass measurement is performed at a rate of temperature increase of 5 ° C./min from a state of 100 ° C. under nitrogen.
- a silicone compound (hereinafter referred to as “the present silicone compound”) is preferred. By containing the silicone compound in the first resin composition, the laser foamability tends to be good.
- silicone compound examples include dimethyl silicone oil.
- silicone compound examples include SH200 C FLUID 100CS (trade name) manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd. and KF96A-30CS (trade name) manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the content of the silicone compound in the first resin composition is preferably 10,000 ppm by mass or less.
- the content of the silicone compound is 10,000 mass ppm or less, the transparency of the molded product tends to be good.
- 50 mass ppm or more is preferable.
- the content of the silicone compound is 50 ppm by mass or more, foaming sufficient to scatter light on the surface of the molded body tends to be obtained.
- the second present resin composition comprises a resin having a mass average molecular weight of 60,000 to 150,000, and thermal mass measurement at a temperature rising rate of 5 ° C./min from a state of 100 ° C. under nitrogen. And a silicone compound having a 90% thermal mass reduction temperature of 250 ° C. or more and 650 ° C. or less.
- the silicone compound used in the second present resin composition is the same as that described in the first present resin composition, and the content thereof is preferably in the same range.
- the content of the silicone compound with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin is preferably 0.0001 to 1 part by mass, and 0.0001 to 0.5 parts by mass. Is more preferable.
- the present resin composition Various additives such as an ultraviolet absorber, a release agent, and an antioxidant can be added to the first and second present resin compositions (hereinafter simply referred to as “the present resin composition”) as necessary. .
- UV absorber examples include 2- (5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- [2-hydroxy-3,5-bis ( ⁇ , ⁇ '-dimethylbenzyl) phenyl] benzotriazole, 2 -(3,5-di-t-amyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) benzotriazole UV absorbers such as benzotriazole, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2 And benzophenone ultraviolet absorbers such as -hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone and salicylic acid ultraviolet absorbers such as phenyl salicylate and 4-t-butylphenyl salicylate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- release agent examples include glycerin fatty acid esters such as glycerin monostearate, higher alcohols such as stearyl alcohol, and higher fatty acids such as stearic acid. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- antioxidants examples include phenolic antioxidants, thioether antioxidants, and phosphite antioxidants. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- this resin composition can be prepared by mixing this resin and the various additives suitably selected as needed, for example.
- thermogravimeter TG
- TG / DTA simultaneous differential thermothermal mass measurement apparatus
- the substance generated when the resin composition is heated under the above-described conditions is a decomposition product of the resin composition.
- decomposition products include monomer components, carbon dioxide, and water, which are raw materials for resins used in the present resin composition.
- the decomposition product is promptly introduced into a mass spectrometer (MS: Mass Spectrometer).
- a thermal mass spectrometer and a mass spectrometer are used in that the adsorption of the decomposition product of the resin composition is suppressed by an interface connecting the thermal mass spectrometer that generates the decomposition product of the resin composition and the mass spectrometer.
- the bonding distance is preferably as short as possible, and it is preferable to use a combination of a thermal mass spectrometer and a mass spectrometer, such as ThermoMass Photo (trade name) manufactured by Rigaku Corporation.
- decomposition gas generated by heating a sample in the thermal mass spectrometer is transported to the ionization chamber of the mass spectrometer, and light is emitted to the decomposition gas. Irradiation causes photoionization. The generated ions are separated for each mass to charge ratio by the ion separation means, detected by the ion detection means, and the ion intensity for each mass to charge ratio is obtained.
- mass analysis of the resin composition is performed by a photoionization method (PI: Photo Ionization) using light energy.
- PI Photo Ionization
- the photoionization method is a method of ionizing molecules by absorbing the electromagnetic wave energy of the light when the decomposition gas is irradiated with light.
- Electron impact ionization is a method in which the sample molecules are impacted and ionized using an acceleration voltage ( Since ionization energy is lower than that of EI (Electron Impact Ionization), it is preferable in that decomposition gas and fragment ionization hardly occur.
- the light used for ionization is preferably ultraviolet light (wavelength: 10 to 380 nm) in that it is suitable for ionization with a mass to charge ratio of m / z 100.
- the mass spectrometer used in the present invention includes, for example, an ionization unit that ionizes the above gas, an ion separation unit that separates generated ions for each mass-to-charge ratio, and an ion detection unit that detects ion intensity. Can be used.
- Examples of ion separation means in the ion separation unit include (1) a quadrupole separation system that separates ions while changing the frequency of a high-frequency voltage applied to the quadrupole, and (2) passing ions through an electric field and a magnetic field. (3) A time-of-flight system that separates ions according to the time difference between flying ions to reach the detector by applying a predetermined force and (4) Applying quadrupoles Various ion separation methods such as the ion trap method can be applied.
- the light-guide preform of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the light-guide preform) is a sheet obtained from the resin composition.
- the sheet has a thickness of 50 ⁇ m or more and 30 mm or less.
- the light guide preform can be obtained in a required size by obtaining a sheet using the resin composition and then cutting it into a desired size.
- the cut end surface may be processed into a mirror surface.
- Examples of the cutting method include a method using a running saw, a panel saw, and a laser beam.
- a known method such as a polishing method using sand paper, a method of polishing with a known abrasive such as alumina, or a beauty method in which a diamond blade is brought into rotational contact with the cut end surface can be used.
- Examples of the method for molding the resin composition into a sheet include an extrusion molding method, an injection molding method, and a hot press molding method.
- This light guide preform can be obtained, for example, by the following method.
- pellets of the resin composition are obtained.
- the present resin composition obtained by polymerizing a raw material containing a monomer for obtaining the present resin in which a thermal decomposition accelerator is dispersed is put into an extruder to obtain pellets.
- examples thereof include a method and a method in which a mixture of a resin and a thermal decomposition accelerator is introduced into an extruder to obtain pellets.
- a sheet-shaped light guide preform is obtained by a molding method such as injection molding, extrusion molding, or hot press molding using the obtained pellets.
- the laminated light guide preform of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the present laminated light guide preform) is a laminate in which this light guide preform is laminated on another translucent sheet. Is the body.
- Another translucent sheet is a translucent sheet different from the light guide preform, such as methacrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, polystyrene, and MS resin (methyl methacrylate / styrene copolymer resin).
- a sheet of transparent resin such as styrene-containing resin can be used.
- this laminated light guide preform for example, a method of simultaneously extruding pellets of this resin composition and a resin as a raw material of a light-transmitting sheet and molding it into a sheet shape, and this light guide preform And a method of forming a laminate by hot press molding the translucent sheet.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a surface light source device according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic partial sectional view showing a light guide in the surface light source device.
- Main surface of the light guide preform obtained as described above (in the case where the light guide preform is a laminated light guide preform, the light guide constituting the laminated light guide preform)
- the main surface consisting of the exposed surface of the body preform is subjected to processing by laser light irradiation (laser irradiation processing), and the main surface of the light guide preform formed from the resin composition for the light guide preform
- a surface layer 244 having bubbles as shown in FIG. 2 is formed on the surface layer portion.
- a laser light guide having a high processing efficiency for the surface layer portion made of the resin composition for the light guide preform such as a carbon dioxide laser.
- An infrared laser such as (CO 2 laser) is used, and its wavelength is, for example, 9.3 ⁇ m or 10.6 ⁇ m.
- CO 2 laser the laser light irradiated by the light guide preform is efficiently absorbed, and the absorbed portion is heated, so that efficient laser irradiation processing is possible.
- the carbon dioxide laser irradiation processing apparatus manufactured by Keyence Corporation CO 2 laser marker ML-Z9520T (wavelength: 9.3 .mu.m, average output: 20W) and the like.
- the vertical cross-sectional shape (profile) of the surface layer 244 having bubbles can be easily changed by changing the laser output, the scanning speed, and the focal position (focus position) with respect to the main surface of the light guide preform. it can.
- the surface light source device of the present embodiment includes an LED 22 as a point-like primary light source, a plate-shaped light guide 24 that guides light emitted from the LED, and light diffusion.
- An element 26, a first light deflection element 28, a second light deflection element 30, and a light reflection element 32 are provided.
- the light guide 24 has a thickness direction in the vertical direction in FIGS. 1 and 2, spreads in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and has a rectangular plate shape as a whole.
- the light guide 24 has four side end surfaces. One of the pair of side end surfaces is a light incident end surface 241, and the LEDs 22 are arranged adjacent to each other so as to face the light incident end surface 241. Yes.
- the light guide 24 has one light incident end face 241, but the present invention is not limited to this as long as at least one end face is a light incident end face. Both the pair of side end faces and the two pairs of side end faces may be used as the light incident end faces. In this case, the LEDs are arranged adjacent to each other so as to face all the light incident end faces.
- the light guide preform is a laminated light guide preform
- at least one end surface of the four side end surfaces of the light guide preform constituting the laminated light guide preform is It is a light incident surface.
- the upper surface which is one of the two main surfaces substantially orthogonal to the light incident end surface 241 of the light guide 24 is a light emitting surface 242.
- the main surface of the laminated light guide preform has two main types: a light guide preform side and a translucent sheet side.
- the surface is conceivable, in the present invention, the main surface on either the light guide preform side or the translucent sheet side may be the light exit surface.
- the light emission surface 242 is a smooth surface (mirror surface), but is not limited to this, and a prism shape, a microlens shape, or the like can be imparted to the light emission surface.
- a plurality of LEDs 22 may be provided.
- the plurality of LEDs 22 are arranged at an appropriate interval in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1 and that the directions of the maximum intensity light of the light emitted therefrom are parallel to each other.
- a light emitting mechanism is formed on the main surface (back surface) 243 opposite to the light emitting surface 242 of the light guide 24.
- the light emission mechanism may be formed on either the light emission surface or the back surface.
- a light emitting mechanism can also be formed on the light emitting surface.
- the surface on which the light emitting mechanism is formed is limited to the main surface on the light guide preform side.
- the light emitting mechanism includes a surface layer 244 having bubbles formed in a partial region of the back surface 243. In the surface layer 244 having bubbles, a cross section (longitudinal cross section) including the direction of the normal line of the light emitting surface 242 or the back surface 243 has a concave shape.
- the region where the surface layer 244 having bubbles is formed is composed of a plurality of dot-like regions on the back surface 243.
- the dimensions of the dot-like region are, for example, a diameter of 30 to 1000 ⁇ m and a depth of 0.1 to 500 ⁇ m.
- the surface layer 244 having bubbles preferably has a thickness of 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the shape of the region where the surface layer 244 having bubbles is formed is not limited to the dot shape as described above, and may be a stripe-shaped region, that is, a linear or belt-shaped region. . Also in this case, the description of the shape of the cross section (vertical cross section) in the case of the dot shape applies to the shape of the cross section (vertical cross section) orthogonal to the extending direction of the stripe.
- the surface layer 244 having bubbles can be formed by performing laser irradiation processing using the sheet-shaped light guide preform.
- the change in the vertical cross-sectional shape (profile) of the surface layer 244 having bubbles changes the laser output, the scanning speed, and the focus position (focus position) on the main surface of the light guide preform in the manufacturing method as described later. This can be realized.
- the surface layer 244 having bubbles contains a large number of bubbles, and the inside of the bubbles has a refractive index greatly different from that of the light guide material.
- the surface layer 244 having bubbles functions as a non-uniform layer for light transmission and reflection, and functions as a light diffusion layer in its optical properties.
- the light incident on the light incident end surface 241 and guided through the light guide is diffusely reflected by the surface layer 244 having bubbles, and a part of the light is allowed to be emitted from the light emitting surface 242. Then, the light exits from the light exit surface 242 toward the light exit surface 242.
- the function of the surface layer 244 having such bubbles depends on the foaming state of the surface layer 244 having bubbles. If the formed bubbles are too small or the number of bubbles per unit area is too small, it is difficult to obtain a good light diffusion function.
- a plurality of regions of the surface layer 244 having air bubbles on the back surface 243 can be provided.
- the distribution can be made into random shape, a grid shape, a zigzag shape, or a close-packed form, for example.
- region of the surface layer 244 which has a bubble is stripe shape, the distribution can be made into parallel stripe shape, for example.
- the surface layer 244 having bubbles on the back surface 243 is formed in a part of the region, but the light guide for the surface light source device of the present invention is not limited to this, and the surface layer having bubbles is not limited to this. In some cases, it may be formed in a part or all of the light emitting surface or all of the back surface.
- the light guide preform is a laminated light guide preform
- the surface on which the light emitting mechanism is formed is limited to the main surface on the light guide preform side, so the light guide A surface layer having bubbles is formed in a part or all of the main surface on the preform side.
- the light diffusing fine particles are mixed and dispersed in the light guide 24 in combination with the surface layer 244 having bubbles formed on the back surface 243 as described above. What was formed can be used.
- the light emitting surface 242 or the back surface 243 may be provided with a shape such as a prism array or a cylindrical lens array.
- the light guide 24 has a plate shape having a uniform thickness as a whole as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (thickness when the concave shape of the surface layer 244 having bubbles on the back surface 243 is ignored).
- those having various cross-sectional shapes such as a rust-like one can be used so that the thickness gradually decreases from the light incident end surface 241 toward the opposite end surface.
- the thickness of the light guide 24 is, for example, 0.3 to 30 mm.
- the light diffusing element 26 is disposed on the light emitting surface 242 of the light guide 24 and is made of, for example, a light diffusing film. When the directivity of light emitted from the light exit surface 242 has a desired exit angle and viewing angle, the light diffusing element 26 may be omitted.
- the first light deflection element 28 is disposed on the light diffusion element 26, and the second light deflection element 30 is disposed on the first light deflection element 28. That is, the light diffusing element 26 is interposed between the first light deflecting element 28 and the light emitting surface 242 of the light guide.
- the first light deflection element 28 and the second light deflection element 30 include a light incident surface near the light guide 24 and a light output surface opposite to the light incident surface. It comprises a plurality of prism rows arranged in parallel. However, in the first light deflection element 28 and the second light deflection element 30, the extending directions of the plurality of prism rows on the light exit surface are orthogonal to each other.
- the extending direction of the plurality of prism rows on the light exit surface of the first light deflection element 28 is parallel to the light incident end surface 241, and the plurality of prism rows on the light exit surface of the second light deflection element 30 are arranged.
- the extending direction is perpendicular to the light incident end surface 241.
- Both the extending direction of the plurality of prism rows on the light exit surface of the first light deflection element 28 and the extending direction of the plurality of prism rows on the light exit surface of the second light deflection element 30 are both relative to the light incident end surface 241. They may be diagonal and orthogonal to each other.
- the thickness of the first light deflection element 28 and the second light deflection element 30 is, for example, 30 to 350 ⁇ m.
- the first light deflection element 28 and the second light deflection element 30 may be omitted. Further, when the angle distribution of the light emitted from the light emitting surface 242 or the light emitted from the light diffusing element 26 can be used in a required application (for example, a signboard) without requiring light deflection.
- the first light deflection element 28 or the second light deflection element 30 may be omitted.
- the light reflecting element 32 for example, a plastic sheet (light reflecting sheet) having a metal vapor deposition reflecting layer on the surface can be used.
- a reflective member also to end surfaces other than the end surface utilized as the light-incidence end surface of the light guide 24. FIG. When the amount of light emitted from the back surface 243 is small enough to be ignored, the light reflecting element 32 may be omitted.
- the light emitting surface (second light deflection) of the surface light source device including the LED 22, the light guide 24, the light diffusion element 26, the first light deflection element 28, the second light deflection element 30, and the light reflection element 32 as described above.
- a liquid crystal display device is configured by disposing a liquid crystal display element on the light emitting surface) of the element 30. The liquid crystal display device is observed by an observer through the liquid crystal display element from above in FIG.
- the second light diffusing element is disposed adjacent to the light exit surface of the second light deflecting element 30 to suppress glare, luminance unevenness, and the like that cause deterioration in image display quality, and image display quality. Can be improved.
- the mass average molecular weight of the resin was determined by the following measurement. 10 mg of the resin was added to 10 mL of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and allowed to stand still overnight to obtain a THF solution of the resin. Subsequently, the THF solution of the resin was used as a sample, and measurement was performed using liquid chromatography (trade name: HLC-8120, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation). In the measurement, TSK guard column Super HH manufactured by Tosoh Corp. was used for the guard column, and two TSK-Gel Super HM-H manufactured by Tosoh Corp. were used for the separation column. .
- the solvent used was THF, the flow rate was 0.6 mL / min, the detector was a differential refractometer, the measurement temperature was 40 ° C., and the injection volume was 10 ⁇ L.
- Polystyrene was used as the standard polymer.
- ⁇ Measurement of thermal mass reduction temperature of resin composition For measurement of the thermal mass reduction temperature of the resin composition, a differential thermothermal mass simultaneous measurement device (TG / DTA: TG8120 (trade name) manufactured by Rigaku Corporation) was used. The sample mass was 5 mg, and the sample was heated to 100 ° C. at a rate of temperature increase of 20 ° C./min and held for 10 minutes in order to eliminate the influence of low-temperature volatile components. Thereafter, the mass decrease is measured while heating up to 650 ° C. at a rate of temperature increase of 5 ° C./min, and the mass decrease rate is 20%, 30% and 40% based on the mass after being held at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes. The temperature was set to 20%, 30%, and 40% thermal mass reduction temperature, respectively. All measurements were performed in an air atmosphere.
- TG / DTA TG8120 (trade name) manufactured by Rigaku Corporation
- the temperature was raised at a rate of 5 ° C./min from a state of 40 ° C. under simulated air flow, and the m / z 100 peak temperature and the peak temperature half-value width were measured for the mass-to-charge ratio m / z 100 in the generated decomposed gas.
- the photoionization method was used for ionization of the decomposition gas.
- ⁇ Measurement of 90% thermal mass reduction temperature of silicone compound> For the measurement of the 90% thermal mass decrease temperature of the silicone compound, a differential thermothermal mass simultaneous measurement device (TG / DTA: manufactured by Rigaku Corporation, trade name: TG8120) was used. The sample mass was 5 mg, and the sample was heated to 100 ° C. at a temperature increase rate of 20 ° C./min and held for 10 minutes in order to eliminate the influence of low-temperature volatile components. Thereafter, the mass decrease was measured while heating up to 650 ° C. at a temperature increase rate of 5 ° C./min, and the temperature at which the mass reduction rate was 90% was 90% based on the mass after being held at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes. It was set as the thermal mass decreasing temperature. All measurements were performed under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an optical property evaluation method for a surface light source device, and shows a schematic diagram of an example of a measurement device used for luminance distribution evaluation.
- the luminance distribution of the surface light source device configured using the light guide B for the surface light source device was evaluated by the following method.
- An LED light source 440 one LED NS2W123B (trade name) manufactured by Nichia Corporation) that emits light at 20 mA by a constant current power supply 450 is applied to the light incident end face 402 of the light guide B for the surface light source device to be measured.
- the reflective sheet 410 (UX (trade name, manufactured by Teijin DuPont Films Ltd.) thickness 225 ⁇ m) was placed on the back surface (lower surface in FIG. 3) opposite to the light exit surface (upper surface in FIG. 3).
- a luminance meter 460 (BM-7 (trade name) manufactured by Topcon Co., Ltd.)
- BM-7 (trade name) manufactured by Topcon Co., Ltd.
- the light emitting surface normal direction was 0 degree
- the direction of the light incident end surface 402 as viewed from the light emitting mechanism 401 was ⁇ (minus)
- the opposite direction was + (plus). Based on this measurement result, the half-value angle width (degree) of the luminance distribution was obtained.
- the light emitting quality of the surface light source device configured using the light guide B for surface light source device was evaluated by the following method using the measuring apparatus shown in FIG. 3 under the following conditions.
- An LED light source 440 one LED NS2W123B (trade name) manufactured by Nichia Corporation) that emits light at 20 mA by a constant current power supply 450 is applied to the light incident end face 402 of the light guide B for the surface light source device to be measured.
- the reflection sheet 410 (UX (trade name) manufactured by Teijin DuPont Films Ltd., thickness 225 ⁇ m) was disposed on the back surface opposite to the light exit surface. Further, although not shown in FIG. 3, as shown in FIG.
- the diffusion sheet (26) as the light diffusion element and the first and second elements are adjacent to the light guide light exit surface (242).
- a prism sheet (28, 30) as a light deflection element was disposed.
- the prism sheet was disposed in a direction in which the prism row forming surface was directed to the opposite side (upward) from the light emitting surface (242) of the light source B (24) for the surface light source device. That is, the prism sheet (28, 30) includes a light incident surface near the light guide B (24) for the surface light source device and a light output surface opposite to the light incident surface. It comprises a plurality of prism rows.
- the diffusion sheet (26) As the diffusion sheet (26), a high-intensity diffusion film for LCD backlight (trade name: Light Up 100GM3) manufactured by Kimoto Co., Ltd., and as a prism sheet (28, 30), a brightness enhancement film manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd. (Trade name: Vikuiti BEFII 90/50) was used.
- the second prism sheet (30) is guided in the prism row and the light guide so that the prism row and the light guide light incident end face 402 (241) are parallel to each other. They are arranged so that their directions are parallel to each other (that is, the prism row and the light guide light incident end face 402 (241) are perpendicular to each other).
- the LED 440 was caused to emit light, and the light emission quality was evaluated by visually confirming whether or not the concave dots formed by laser etching were visible.
- X A dot was visually recognized.
- ⁇ Dot was not visible and good surface emission was obtained.
- Example 1 Polypropylene manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd. as a thermal decomposition accelerator for methacrylic resin pellets (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., trade name: Acrypet VH000, Mw: 86,000, methyl methacrylate unit 90 mass% or more) After adding 500 mass ppm of dimethylsiloxane SH200C FLUID 100CS, the mixture was stirred for 30 seconds at a stirring blade speed of 1,000 rpm using a super mixer SMV-20 (trade name) manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd., to obtain an additive mixed pellet. .
- the obtained resin composition was dried for 24 hours at 80 ° C. with a SBD-150AS type dehumidifying dryer manufactured by STEC, and then AUTOSHOT T Model 100D (trade name) manufactured by FANUC CORPORATION was used.
- a resin molded body having a width of 100 mm, a length of 100 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm was produced by injection molding.
- the mold temperature at this time is 60 ° C.
- the cylinder temperatures are C 1 250 ° C., C 2 250 ° C., C 3 250 ° C. and C 4 250 ° C.
- the injection speed is 20 mm / second
- the injection pressure (holding pressure) is 70 MPa.
- the holding time was 20 seconds
- the weighing was 30 mm
- the cooling time was 30 seconds
- the cycle was 45 seconds.
- an annealed molded product was obtained after performing an annealing treatment to remove distortion during molding of the obtained molded product.
- two stainless steel plates having an outer dimension of 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm, an inner dimension of 80 mm ⁇ 80 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm are used to sandwich the upper and lower surfaces of the molded product, and the periphery of the stainless steel plate is sandwiched and fixed by a clip. Heating was performed at 120 ° C. for 16 hours in a dryer, and further heating was performed at 130 ° C. for 16 hours.
- Table 1 shows the results of evaluation using an 80 mm ⁇ 80 mm ⁇ thickness 3 mm light guide preform obtained by cutting a peripheral portion sandwiched between 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm stainless steel plates of the obtained annealed molded product. Show.
- a 60 mm ⁇ 30 mm test piece as shown in FIG. 4B was cut out from the light guide preform.
- a carbon dioxide laser manufactured by Keyence Corporation, product name: ML-Z9520T (wavelength: 9.3 ⁇ m, average output) is provided on the surface of the test piece facing the light emitting surface 310 (the surface opposite to the light emitting surface). : 20 W)
- the laser irradiation processing was performed under the condition that the laser focal position was matched to the surface of the resin molded body at an output of 80% and a scanning speed of 500 mm / second, and the light shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C A light guide having an emission mechanism 301 was obtained.
- the evaluation results of the light guide are shown in Table 1.
- the pattern formed by laser irradiation processing was a pattern in which 13 dot shapes were arranged at a pitch of 0.5 mm in the direction parallel to the light incident end face, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. Further, the laser irradiation processing area was an area of 6.5 mm ⁇ 6.5 mm centered at a position 40 mm from the light incident end face 320 and 15 mm from the side end face of the test piece. Further, the end surface opposite to the light incident end surface was subjected to light shielding treatment by applying black ink.
- Example 2 Polypropylene manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd. as a thermal decomposition accelerator for methacrylic resin pellets (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., trade name: Acrypet VH000, Mw: 86,000, methyl methacrylate unit 90 mass% or more) After adding 100 mass ppm of dimethylsiloxane SH200C FLUID 100CS, the mixture was stirred for 30 seconds at a stirring blade speed of 1,000 rpm using a super mixer SMV-20 (trade name) manufactured by Kawata Co., Ltd. to obtain an additive mixed pellet. .
- a 120 ⁇ m thick portion was cut from the surface of the obtained resin molded body with an end mill (manufactured by Union Tool Co., Ltd., carbide end mill CPR2060-12 (trade name)), and a 120 ⁇ m thick sheet (this light guide) (Preliminary product) was prepared. Also, injection molding was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 using methacrylic resin pellets (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., trade name: Acrypet VH000, Mw: 86,000, methyl methacrylate unit 90 mass% or more). The obtained resin molding (transparency sheet) was prepared. Next, these were hot-pressed using AH-2003 (trade name) manufactured by AS ONE Co., Ltd.
- the layer containing the acrylic resin composition containing the thermal decomposition accelerator of the obtained laminated light guide preform (the present light guide preform) was subjected to laser processing in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain the foam layer. The state was observed and evaluated with a microscope. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the resin contains a resin having a mass average molecular weight of 60,000 to 150,000, a 30% thermal mass reduction temperature of 310 ° C. or less, a 40% thermal mass reduction temperature and a 20% thermal
- a light guide preform having a resin composition having a mass decrease temperature difference of 7 ° C. or less on the surface a surface foamed layer is formed by laser irradiation processing, and a pattern with good light scattering properties can be formed. Recognize. However, in the resin molded body that deviates from the above conditions, it was not confirmed at all whether or not there was a slight gap in the laser-processed portion, and a product having good light diffusibility was not obtained.
- Examples 3 to 8 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 For the methacrylic resin pellets (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., trade name: Acrypet VH000, methyl methacrylate unit 90% by mass or more), the concentration of the silicone compounds listed in Table 2 as thermal decomposition accelerators is shown in Table 2. And a resin composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the obtained resin composition was injection molded by the same method as in Example 1 and then annealed to obtain a light guide preform.
- the obtained light guide preform was laser processed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a light guide.
- Example 3 to 8 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 the type of silicone compound added, the amount added (concentration [mass base]) and 90% thermal mass reduction temperature, the resulting bubbles in the light guide B for the surface light source device Table 2 shows the thickness of the surface layer having the half-width, the half-value angle width of the luminance distribution, and the light emission quality evaluation result of the surface light source device.
- the types A to F of the silicone compounds shown in Table 2 are as follows.
- D Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. polydimethylsiloxane KF96A-50CS
- FIG. 5 shows an observation result (SEM photograph) of the surface and cross section of the concave portion of the light guide B for the surface light source device.
- the surface layer having bubbles has a fine structure such as a cracked shape, a depressed hole shape, or a hollow inclusion shape, and includes the bubbles in the fine structure.
- a comparative example using a light guide for a surface light source device of Comparative Example 3 to which no silicone compound is added and a silicone compound having a 90% thermal decomposition temperature of less than 250 ° C. in thermal mass reduction (TG / DTA) measurement In the light guide for surface light source device No. 4, fine irregularities can be observed on the surface of the recess, but no bubbles are observed in the cross section, and it can be seen that no surface layer having bubbles is formed.
- the light guides for surface light source devices of Examples 3 to 8 having the surface layer having bubbles on the surface of the recesses have broad luminance distribution characteristics with a wide half-value angle width. For this reason, when the surface light source device is configured in combination with an optical element, the recessed dots corresponding to the surface layer having bubbles are not easily seen, and high-quality light emission is obtained.
- the half-value angle width is extremely narrow, and only an output pattern with strong directivity can be obtained.
- the surface light source device is configured in combination with the optical element in the same manner as in the light guides for the surface light source devices of Examples 3 to 8, the recessed dots are easily visible and high-quality light emission cannot be obtained. .
- high efficiency light can be obtained by using the resin composition for a light guide preform, the light guide preform, the laminated light guide preform, and the light source for the surface light source device of the present invention.
- a light emitting mechanism having a diffusing function can be easily obtained, whereby a high-quality surface light source device can be easily obtained.
- LED 24 Light guide 241: Light incident end face 242: Light exit face 243: Back face 244: Surface layer 26 having bubbles 26: Light diffusion element 28: First light deflection element 30: Second light deflection element 32: Light reflection Element B: Surface light source device light guide 301: Light emitting mechanism 310: Light emitting surface 320: Light incident end surface 401: Light emitting mechanism 402: Light incident end surface 410: Reflective sheet 440: LED light source 450: Constant current power supply 460: Luminance meter
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Abstract
Description
[1] 質量平均分子量が6万~15万である樹脂を含有し、空気下において100℃の状態から5℃/分の昇温速度で熱質量測定を行ったときの30%熱質量減少温度が310℃以下であり、40%熱質量減少温度と20%熱質量減少温度の差が7℃以下である導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物。
[2] ヘリウム80質量%及び酸素20質量%を含有する擬似空気流下で、40℃の状態から5℃/分の昇温速度で加熱した際に発生する物質を光エネルギーによるイオン化法で質量分析を行なったときの質量電荷比m/z100を示すピークの中で最大のピークのピーク温度が310℃以下であり、ピーク温度半値幅が25℃以下である[1]に記載の導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物。
[3] 質量平均分子量が6万~15万である樹脂及び窒素下において100℃の状態から5℃/分の昇温速度で熱質量測定を行ったときの90%熱質量減少温度が250℃以上650℃以下であるシリコーン化合物を含有する導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物。
[4] シリコーン化合物がジメチルシリコーンオイルである[3]に記載の導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物。
[5] 樹脂が、メタクリル酸メチル単位30~100質量%及びその他の単量体単位0~70質量%を含有する重合体である[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物。
[6] [1]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載の導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物から得られるシートである導光体予備成形物。
[7] [6]に記載の導光体予備成形物を、別の透光性シートに積層した積層体である積層導光体予備成形物。
[8] 導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物の押出成形又は射出成形により得られるシートである[6]に記載の導光体予備成形物。
[9] 導光体予備成形物が導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物の押出成形又は射出成形により得られたシートである[7]に記載の積層導光体予備成形物。
[10] [6]又は[8]に記載の導光体予備成形物の少なくとも1つの端面を光入射端面とし、導光体予備成形物の2つの主面の一方を光出射面とし、他方の主面を裏面とする面光源装置用導光体であって、光出射面若しくは裏面の一部又は全体の領域に気泡を有する表面層が形成されている面光源装置用導光体。
[11] [7]又は[9]に記載の積層導光体予備成形物を構成する導光体予備成形物の少なくとも1つの端面を光入射端面とし、積層導光体予備成形物の2つの主面のうち導光体予備成形物側又は透光性シート側の主面を光出射面とする面光源装置用導光体であって、導光体予備成形物側の主面の一部又は全体の領域に気泡を有する表面層が形成されている面光源装置用導光体。
[12] 表面層の厚みが1~50μmである[10]又は[11]に記載の面光源装置用導光体。
[13] 表面層が、光出射面又は裏面の法線方向を含む断面において凹形状を有するものである[10]~[12]のいずれかに記載の面光源装置用導光体。
[14] 表面層がレーザー照射加工により形成された[10]~[13]のいずれかに記載の面光源装置用導光体。
[15] レーザー照射加工に使用されるレーザーが赤外レーザーである[14]に記載の面光源装置用導光体。
[16] 赤外レーザーが炭酸ガスレーザーである[15]に記載の面光源装置用導光体。
[17] [10]~[16]のいずれかに記載の面光源装置用導光体の光入射端面に隣接して一次光源が配置された面光源装置。
本発明で使用される樹脂(以下、「本樹脂」という)は本発明の導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物(以下、「本樹脂組成物」という)に含有されるものである。
第1の本樹脂組成物は、質量平均分子量が6万~15万である樹脂を含有し、空気下において100℃の状態から5℃/分の昇温速度で熱質量測定を行ったときの30%熱質量減少温度が310℃以下であり、40%熱質量減少温度と20%熱質量減少温度の差が7℃以下の値を示す。本樹脂組成物の30%熱質量減少温度が310℃以下であり、40%熱質量減少温度と20%熱質量減少温度の差が7℃以下であると、本樹脂組成物から得られるシートである導光体予備成形物(以下、「本導光体予備成形物」という)等の成形体(以下、「本成形体」という)のレーザー発泡性が良好となる。
本発明の導光体予備成形物(以下、本導光体予備成形物という)は、本樹脂組成物から得られるシートである。なお、本発明において、シートは、厚さが50μm以上、30mm以下である。
本発明の積層導光体予備成形物(以下、本積層導光体予備成形物という)は、本導光体予備成形物を別の透光性シートに積層した積層体である。
次に、本発明による面光源装置用導光体及び面光源装置の実施形態につき、説明する。
樹脂の質量平均分子量は以下の測定により求めた。
樹脂10mgをテトラヒドロフラン(THF)10mL中に添加して一晩静置溶解させ、樹脂のTHF溶液を得た。次いで、樹脂のTHF溶液を試料として液体クロマトグラフィー(東ソー(株)製、商品名:HLC-8120)を用いて測定した。
測定に際し、ガードカラムには東ソー(株)製TSK guard column Sper H-Hを使用し、分離カラムには東ソー(株)製TSK-Gel Super HM-Hを2本直列に配列したものを使用した。使用溶媒はTHF、流量は0.6mL/分、検出器は示差屈折計、測定温度は40℃、及び注入量は10μLとした。標準ポリマーにはポリスチレンを使用した。
樹脂組成物の熱質量減少温度の測定には、示差熱熱質量同時測定装置(TG/DTA:(株)リガク製 TG8120(商品名))を用いた。サンプル質量は5mgとし、低温揮発成分の影響を排除するため、20℃/分の昇温速度で100℃まで加熱後、10分間保持した。その後、5℃/分の昇温速度で650℃まで加熱しながら質量減少を測定し、100℃で10分保持後の質量を基準として、質量減少率が20%、30%及び40%となるときの温度をそれぞれ20%、30%及び40%熱質量減少温度とした。なお、測定はすべて空気雰囲気下で行った。
(株)リガク製の示差熱天秤-光イオン化質量分析同時測定システム「Thermo Mass Photo(商品名)」を用いて、樹脂組成物についての質量分析を以下の条件で実施した。
試料室内の天秤の基準側に空のアルミ製カップを配置し、測定試料側に樹脂組成物の試片7mgを充填したアルミ製カップを配置した。
測定機器中に、ヘリウム80質量%及び酸素20質量%を含有する混合ガスである、擬似空気を300mL/分で流通させ、質量変化が安定したところで測定を開始した。
擬似空気流下、40℃の状態から5℃/分の速度で昇温し、発生する分解物ガス中の質量電荷比m/z100についてm/z100ピーク温度及びピーク温度半値幅の測定を実施した。分解物ガスのイオン化には光イオン化法を用いた。
シリコーン化合物の90%熱質量減少温度の測定には、示差熱熱質量同時測定装置(TG/DTA:(株)リガク製、商品名:TG8120)を用いた。サンプル質量を5mgとし、低温揮発成分の影響を排除するため、20℃/分の昇温速度で100℃まで加熱後、10分間保持した。その後、5℃/分の昇温速度で650℃まで加熱しながら質量減少を測定し、100℃で10分保持後の質量を基準として、質量減少率が90%となるときの温度を90%熱質量減少温度とした。なお、測定はすべて窒素雰囲気下で行った。
樹脂成形体の表面に炭酸ガスレーザー((株)キーエンス製、商品名:ML-Z9520T(波長:9.3μm、平均出力:20W))を照射してレーザー加工処理を実施した。次いで、レーザー加工処理された箇所の正面及びその断面の状態を電子顕微鏡にて観察し、発泡層の有無を下記基準で目視評価した。
○:レーザー加工処理された箇所に多数の空隙が確認された。
×:レーザー加工処理された箇所には空隙がわずかに確認されるか全く確認されなかった。
図3は面光源装置の光学特性の評価方法の説明図であり、輝度分布評価に用いた測定装置の一例の模式図が示される。この測定装置により、面光源装置用導光体Bを用いて構成された面光源装置の輝度分布を下記の方法により評価した。
定電流電源450により20mAで発光させたLED光源440(日亜化学工業(株)製LED NS2W123B(商品名)1灯)を被測定用の面光源装置用導光体Bの光入射端面402に、反射シート410(帝人デュポンフィルム(株)製UX(商品名、)厚み225μm)を光出射面(図3における上面)の反対側の裏面(図3における下面)に、それぞれ配置した。
輝度計460((株)トプコン製BM-7(商品名))を用い、光出射機構401を設けた部位を中心とした視野角2度のエリアの光出射面から出射される光の、面光源装置用導光体B内での導光方向(図3における左右方向)と平行で導光体光出射面に垂直な面内での-90度から90度までの出射光角度における輝度分布を測定した。なお出射方向は、光出射面法線方向を0度、光出射機構401から見て光入射端面402の方向を-(マイナス)、その反対方向を+(プラス)とした。この測定結果に基づき、輝度分布の半値角度幅(度)を得た。
図3に示す測定装置を使用して以下の条件で、面光源装置用導光体Bを用いて構成された面光源装置の発光品位を下記の方法により評価した。
定電流電源450により20mAで発光させたLED光源440(日亜化学工業(株)製 LED NS2W123B(商品名)1灯)を被測定用の面光源装置用導光体Bの光入射端面402に、反射シート410(帝人デュポンフィルム(株)製 UX(商品名)、厚み225μm)を光出射面の反対側の裏面に、それぞれ配置した。
更に、図3には示されていないが、図1に示されるように、導光体光出射面(242)に隣接して光拡散素子としての拡散シート(26)並びに第1及び第2の光偏向素子としてのプリズムシート(28,30)を配置した。プリズムシートは、プリズム列形成面が面光源装置用導光体B(24)の光出射面(242)と反対側(上向き)に向く方向で配置した。すなわち、プリズムシート(28,30)は、面光源装置用導光体B(24)に近い側の入光面と、該入光面と反対側の出光面とを備えており、出光面は複数のプリズム列を含んでなる。拡散シート(26)としては、(株)きもと製LCDバックライト用高輝度拡散フィルム(商品名:ライトアップ100GM3)を、プリズムシート(28,30)としては、住友スリーエム(株)製輝度上昇フィルム(商品名:Vikuiti BEFII90/50)を用いた。第1のプリズムシート(28)をプリズム列と導光体光入射端面402(241)とが互いに平行になるように、第2のプリズムシート(30)をプリズム列と導光体内での導光方向とが互いに平行(すなわちプリズム列と導光体光入射端面402(241)とが互いに垂直)になるように、それぞれ配置した。
前述の輝度分布評価と同様にして、LED440を発光させ、レーザーエッチング加工により形成された凹部のドットが視認できるか否かを目視にて確認することで発光品位を評価した。
×:ドットが視認できた。
○:ドットが視認できず良好な面発光が得られた。
メタクリル樹脂のペレット(三菱レイヨン(株)製、商品名:アクリペットVH000、Mw:86,000、メタクリル酸メチル単位90質量%以上)に、熱分解促進剤として東レ・ダウコーニング(株)製ポリジメチルシロキサンSH200C FLUID 100CSを500質量ppm添加した後、(株)カワタ製スーパーミキサーSMV-20(商品名)を用い攪拌羽根回転数1,000rpmにて30秒攪拌し、添加剤混合ペレットを得た。さらにこの添加剤混合ペレットを用いて(株)池貝製二軸押出機PCM45(商品名)にてコンパウンド化を行い、樹脂組成物を得た。コンパウンド条件としては、押出時の温度条件C1を180℃、C2を235℃、C3を235℃、C4を235℃、C5を235℃、C6を240℃、ADを245℃及びDを245℃とした。また、吐出量を60kg/時間、スクリュー回転数を200rpm、フィーダー回転数を45rpm及びベント真空圧を-95kPa以下とし、押出されたストランドを水温55℃の水槽中にて冷却した後にいすず化工機(株)製SCF-150型ペレタイザー(商品名)を使用してペレタイズし、樹脂組成物を得た。
メタクリル樹脂のペレット(三菱レイヨン(株)製、商品名:アクリペットVH000、Mw:86,000、メタクリル酸メチル単位90質量%以上)に、熱分解促進剤として東レ・ダウコーニング(株)製ポリジメチルシロキサンSH200C FLUID 100CSを100質量ppm添加した後、(株)カワタ製スーパーミキサーSMV-20(商品名)を用い攪拌羽根回転数1,000rpmにて30秒攪拌し、添加剤混合ペレットを得た。
メタクリル樹脂及び熱分解促進剤からなる樹脂組成物ペレットの代わりにメタクリル樹脂のペレット(三菱レイヨン(株)製、商品名:アクリペットVH000、Mw:86,000、メタクリル酸メチル単位90質量%以上)を使用する以外は実施例1と同様にして樹脂成形体及び導光体を得た。評価結果を表1に示す。
アクリルキャストシート(三菱レイヨン(株)製、商品名:アクリライトL000、厚み4mm、質量平均分子量61万、メタクリル酸メチル単位90質量%以上)を粉砕し、実施例1と同様の方法で射出成形を行った。しかしながら、分子量が高く流動性が悪いため、シート状の成形体を得ることが出来なかった。
メタクリル樹脂のペレット(三菱レイヨン(株)製、商品名:アクリペットVH000、メタクリル酸メチル単位90質量%以上)に対し、熱分解促進剤として表2に記載のシリコーン化合物を表2に記載の濃度になるように添加し、実施例1と同様の方法で樹脂組成物を得た。
A:信越化学工業(株)製ポリジメチルシロキサンKF96A-10CS
B:信越化学工業(株)製ポリジメチルシロキサンKF96A-20CS
C:信越化学工業(株)製ポリジメチルシロキサンKF96A-30CS
D:信越化学工業(株)製ポリジメチルシロキサンKF96A-50CS
E:東レ・ダウコーニング(株)製ポリジメチルシロキサンSH200C FLUID 100CS
F:信越化学工業(株)製ポリジメチルシロキサンKF96A-6CS
24:導光体
241:光入射端面
242:光出射面
243:裏面
244:気泡を有する表面層
26:光拡散素子
28:第1の光偏向素子
30:第2の光偏向素子
32:光反射素子
B:面光源装置用導光体
301:光出射機構
310:光出射面
320:光入射端面
401:光出射機構
402:光入射端面
410:反射シート
440:LED光源
450:定電流電源
460:輝度計
Claims (17)
- 質量平均分子量が6万~15万である樹脂を含有し、空気下において100℃の状態から5℃/分の昇温速度で熱質量測定を行ったときの30%熱質量減少温度が310℃以下であり、40%熱質量減少温度と20%熱質量減少温度の差が7℃以下である導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物。
- ヘリウム80質量%及び酸素20質量%を含有する擬似空気流下で、40℃の状態から5℃/分の昇温速度で加熱した際に発生する物質を光エネルギーによるイオン化法で質量分析を行なったときの質量電荷比m/z100を示すピークの中で最大のピークのピーク温度が310℃以下であり、ピーク温度半値幅が25℃以下である請求項1に記載の導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物。
- 質量平均分子量が6万~15万である樹脂及び窒素下において100℃の状態から5℃/分の昇温速度で熱質量測定を行ったときの90%熱質量減少温度が250℃以上650℃以下であるシリコーン化合物を含有する導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物。
- シリコーン化合物がジメチルシリコーンオイルである請求項3に記載の導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物。
- 樹脂が、メタクリル酸メチル単位30~100質量%及びその他の単量体単位0~70質量%を含有する重合体である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物から得られるシートである導光体予備成形物。
- 請求項6に記載の導光体予備成形物を、別の透光性シートに積層した積層体である積層導光体予備成形物。
- 導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物の押出成形又は射出成形により得られるシートである請求項6に記載の導光体予備成形物。
- 導光体予備成形物が導光体予備成形物用樹脂組成物の押出成形又は射出成形により得られたシートである請求項7に記載の積層導光体予備成形物。
- 請求項6又は8に記載の導光体予備成形物の少なくとも1つの端面を光入射端面とし、導光体予備成形物の2つの主面の一方を光出射面とし、他方の主面を裏面とする面光源装置用導光体であって、光出射面若しくは裏面の一部又は全体の領域に気泡を有する表面層が形成されている面光源装置用導光体。
- 請求項7又は9に記載の積層導光体予備成形物を構成する導光体予備成形物の少なくとも1つの端面を光入射端面とし、積層導光体予備成形物の2つの主面のうち導光体予備成形物側又は透光性シート側の主面を光出射面とする面光源装置用導光体であって、導光体予備成形物側の主面の一部又は全体の領域に気泡を有する表面層が形成されている面光源装置用導光体。
- 表面層の厚みが1~50μmである請求項10又は11に記載の面光源装置用導光体。
- 表面層は、光出射面又は裏面の法線方向を含む断面において凹形状を有するものである請求項10~12のいずれかに記載の面光源装置用導光体。
- 表面層がレーザー照射加工により形成された請求項10~13のいずれかに記載の面光源装置用導光体。
- レーザー照射加工に使用されるレーザーが赤外レーザーである請求項14に記載の面光源装置用導光体。
- 赤外レーザーが炭酸ガスレーザーである請求項15に記載の面光源装置用導光体。
- 請求項10~16のいずれかに記載の面光源装置用導光体の光入射端面に隣接して一次光源が配置された面光源装置。
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KR101817373B1 (ko) * | 2010-03-17 | 2018-01-10 | 미쯔비시 케미컬 주식회사 | 면광원 장치, 그것에 이용하는 도광체 및 그의 제조방법 |
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JP2006241263A (ja) * | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-14 | Toray Ind Inc | アクリル樹脂組成物フィルムの製造方法 |
JP2012009160A (ja) * | 2010-06-22 | 2012-01-12 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 面光源装置、それに用いる導光体及びその製造方法 |
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US20150338568A1 (en) | 2015-11-26 |
CN104395670A (zh) | 2015-03-04 |
JP6011534B2 (ja) | 2016-10-19 |
TW201400538A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
KR102041768B1 (ko) | 2019-11-07 |
US9507077B2 (en) | 2016-11-29 |
CN104395670B (zh) | 2018-02-13 |
JPWO2013190996A1 (ja) | 2016-05-26 |
TWI560230B (en) | 2016-12-01 |
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