WO2013185464A1 - 一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂及其应用 - Google Patents
一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013185464A1 WO2013185464A1 PCT/CN2013/000256 CN2013000256W WO2013185464A1 WO 2013185464 A1 WO2013185464 A1 WO 2013185464A1 CN 2013000256 W CN2013000256 W CN 2013000256W WO 2013185464 A1 WO2013185464 A1 WO 2013185464A1
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- Prior art keywords
- additive
- carrier
- filter
- cigarette smoke
- cigarette
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- XKLJHFLUAHKGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrous amide Chemical compound ON=N XKLJHFLUAHKGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004005 nitrosamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- KSFOVUSSGSKXFI-GAQDCDSVSA-N CC1=C/2NC(\C=C3/N=C(/C=C4\N\C(=C/C5=N/C(=C\2)/C(C=C)=C5C)C(C=C)=C4C)C(C)=C3CCC(O)=O)=C1CCC(O)=O Chemical class CC1=C/2NC(\C=C3/N=C(/C=C4\N\C(=C/C5=N/C(=C\2)/C(C=C)=C5C)C(C=C)=C4C)C(C)=C3CCC(O)=O)=C1CCC(O)=O KSFOVUSSGSKXFI-GAQDCDSVSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 17
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 16
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 6
- 150000003278 haem Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003918 blood extract Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 5
- FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benz[a]pyrene Chemical compound C1=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- GBHCABUWWQUMAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydrazinoethanol Chemical compound NNCCO GBHCABUWWQUMAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- MNZMECMQTYGSOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;hydron;bromide Chemical compound Br.CC(O)=O MNZMECMQTYGSOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010036302 hemoglobin AS Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229950003776 protoporphyrin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- -1 protoporphyrin compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002110 toxicologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000039 Ames test Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010953 Ames test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 0 CC(*)[C@](C(C)C(N1)=CC(C(C(C)O*)=C2C)=NC2=C2)C1=CC(C(C)=C1CCC(O)=O)=NC1=CC1=C(CCC(O)=O)C(C)[C@]2N1 Chemical compound CC(*)[C@](C(C)C(N1)=CC(C(C(C)O*)=C2C)=NC2=C2)C1=CC(C(C)=C1CCC(O)=O)=NC1=CC1=C(CCC(O)=O)C(C)[C@]2N1 0.000 description 1
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000018832 Cytochromes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010052832 Cytochromes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMSO Substances CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004338 Transferrin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000901 Transferrin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 231100000215 acute (single dose) toxicity testing Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011047 acute toxicity test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002738 anti-smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011218 binary composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonaldehyde Chemical compound C\C=C\C=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N crotonaldehyde Natural products CC=CC=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002832 nitroso derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012794 pre-harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005586 smoking cessation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 231100000820 toxicity test Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012581 transferrin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/14—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as additive
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
- A24B15/241—Extraction of specific substances
- A24B15/245—Nitrosamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of cigarette manufacturing, and particularly relates to a cigarette filter additive having a harm reduction effect and an application thereof, in particular to a filter additive for reducing nitrosamine in cigarette smoke and an application thereof.
- TSNAs have become one of the most interesting areas of tobacco science research.
- TSNAs are one of the major hazardous substances in tobacco and its products. Reducing or eliminating TSNAs is the basis for the production of low-risk, safe cigarettes.
- the control pathways of TSNAs currently include improved seed selection, reduced nitrogen application levels, reformation of modulation processes, use of nitrate scavengers and antibiotics. Due to the limitations of these methods, they have not been widely applied. Therefore, research and development of new technologies with practical application value to reduce the content of TSNAs has important practical significance and broad application prospects.
- U.S. Patent No. 4,414,988 discloses a filter for a porous material (e.g., activated carbon) containing a solution of a protoporphyrin compound impregnated with a ferrous ion, which is effective for removing CO, benzo[a]pyrene (B) from flue gas. [a] P) and its derivatives. Then, the test results of Zhang Aihua et al. (Tobacco Science, 1992, 2, 27-28) showed that the hemoglobin-added filter (the heme concentration was 1.0 mg/mL, the dose was 50 ⁇ L/branch and the temperature was 30 °C). 0% ⁇ The cigarette tar can be reduced by 17. 0%.
- a porous material e.g., activated carbon
- Cida patent invented a tobacco bio-coke reducer, which is mainly made up of metal porphyrins with similar structure to biological enzymes. After being added to the filter rod, it can catalyze benzene at the biological concentration. The degradation of hydrazine and the conversion of C0 and NO to harmless gases reduce the content of benzopyrene and C0 and NO, and can effectively reduce the amount of tar.
- Dai Ya et al (Tobacco Science, 2001, 1, 19-21) extracted hemoglobin from animal blood and added it to cigarettes with hemoglobin as a filter additive to study its effect on nitrosamine content in cigarette smoke.
- the results show that the filter with hemoglobin as additive has significantly reduced the content of N-nitrosamine in cigarette smoke. It can be seen from the experimental data that hemoglobin can significantly retain the N-nitrosamine in the flue gas, and the reduction rate is basically At about 50%, and have a retention effect on the gas phase and the granular phase N-nitrosamine.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a filter additive which has a good effect of intercepting tobacco-specific nitrosamines, which is a harmful substance in cigarette smoke, and an application thereof, so as to reduce the harm of smoking to the human body.
- the technical proposal of the present invention provides a filter additive for reducing nitrosamines in cigarette smoke, a protoporphyrin derivative, which has the following chemical structural formula:
- R3, R4, and R5 are one or two of H, a mercapto group or an aryl group.
- R1 and R2 may be the same group or different groups.
- alkyl group is a linear alkyl group, a branched alkyl group, or a cycloalkyl group.
- the R1, R2 groups are respectively (3 ⁇ 4 (3 ⁇ 4 (3 ⁇ 4 (3 ⁇ 4 or 3 ⁇ 4.
- the invention also provides the use of the above filter additive for a cigarette composite filter.
- the above filter additive is suspended in a solution at a carrier weight of 0.05% to 10%, and then sprayed onto the carrier, and the carrier to which the protoporphyrin derivative is added is added to the tow at the time of tow formation.
- a composite filter is formed in the filter rod, and the additive-containing carrier added in each cigarette has a weight of 2 to 30 mg. 1% ⁇ 1. 0% ⁇
- the weight of the weight of the carrier is 0. 1% ⁇ 1. 0%.
- the solution is ethanol or water.
- the weight of the weight of the carrier is 0. 3 ⁇ 0. 6%.
- the weight of the additive-containing carrier added to each cigarette is 2 to 10 mg.
- the additive-containing carrier added to each cigarette has a weight of 4 to 6 rog.
- the carrier is a tea foam.
- the present invention provides the protoporphyrin derivative for the first time, which has a remarkable effect on reducing the content of TSNAs in the flue gas.
- UV-Vi s 400 nm, 500 nm, 530 nm, 575 nm, 625 nm.
- the prepared filter additive was suspended in ethanol at a concentration of 0.3% of the carrier, and sprayed onto the carrier tea foam.
- Example 2 Different from Example 1 is: The filter additive prepared in 2) is suspended in ethanol at a weight of the carrier and uniformly sprayed onto the carrier tea foam. The test results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 3 The difference from the embodiment 1 is as follows: In the 2), the prepared filter additive is suspended in ethanol at a weight of 0.6% of the carrier, and uniformly sprayed onto the carrier tea foam. The test results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 4 The difference from Example 1 was as follows: In 2), the prepared filter additive was suspended in ethanol at 2% by weight of the carrier, and uniformly sprayed onto the carrier tea foam. The test results are shown in Table 4.
- Example 5 In contrast to Example 1, the carrier containing the filter additive was added to the tow filter rod at 2 mg/branch to form a cigarette at the time of 3) tow formation.
- the Borgwaldt RM200A smoking machine was used for smoke detection according to the standard smoke detection method. The results are shown in Table 5.
- Example 6 In contrast to Example 1, the carrier containing the filter additive was added to the tow filter plug at 12 mg/dot to form a cigarette at the time of 3) tow formation.
- the Borgwaldt RM200A smoking machine was used for smoke detection according to the standard smoke detection method. The results are shown in Table 6.
- TSNAs TSNAs
- the prepared filter additive was suspended in ethanol hydrazine at 0.3% by weight of the carrier, and sprayed onto the carrier tea foam.
- Example 8 Different from Example 7 is: The filter additive prepared in 2) is used as a carrier 0.1% by weight was suspended in ethanol and sprayed evenly onto the carrier tea foam. The test results are shown in Table 9.
- Example 9 The difference from Example 7 was as follows: In 2), the prepared filter additive was suspended in ethanol at 0.6% by weight of the carrier, and uniformly sprayed onto the carrier tea foam. The gas test results are shown in Table 8.
- Example 10 The difference from Example 7 was as follows: In 2), the prepared filter additive was suspended in ethanol at 2% by weight of the carrier, and uniformly sprayed onto the carrier tea foam. The smoke test results are shown in Table 10. Table 10:
- the prepared filter additive was suspended in ethanol at 0.3% by weight of the carrier, and uniformly sprayed onto the carrier tea foam.
- the prepared filter additive was suspended in ethanol hydrazine at 0.3% by weight of the carrier, and uniformly sprayed onto the carrier tea foam.
- the carrier containing the filter additive was added to the tow filter rod at 60 mg during the tow forming to form a cigarette.
- the Borgwaldt RM200A smoking machine was used to test the flue gas according to the standard flue gas detection method. The smoke test results showed that the additive had a good effect of reducing the TSNAs content in the cigarette smoke. The results are shown in Table 12 below.
- UV-Vis 402 nm, 503, 537, 570, 625.
- the prepared filter additive was suspended in ethanol at a weight of 0.3% of the carrier, and uniformly sprayed onto the carrier tea foam.
- the carrier containing the filter additive was added to the tow filter rod at 60 mg during the tow forming to form a cigarette.
- the Borgwaldt RM200A smoking machine was used to test the flue gas according to the standard flue gas detection method. The smoke test results showed that the additive had a better effect of reducing the TSNAs content in the cigarette smoke. The results are shown in Table 13 below.
Abstract
本发明公开了一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂及其应用,该添加剂是原卟啉衍生物中的一种。将0.05%~10%载体重量的上述滤嘴添加剂悬浮于溶剂中,然后喷洒到载体上,添加了上述原卟啉衍生物的载体在丝束成型时添加到丝束滤棒中制成复合滤嘴。有益的是,本发明首次给出了所述原卟啉衍生物,对降低烟气中的TSNAs含量具有显著的效果。
Description
一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂及其应用 技术领域
本发明属于卷烟制造领域, 具体涉及包含具有减害作用的卷烟滤嘴添加剂及 其应用, 尤其是降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂及其应用。
背景技术
1990年, D. Hoffmann和 S. S. Hecht 发表了 12类共 43种烟气有害成分名 单。 而后, 卷烟烟气特殊有害成分的分析和降低逐步成为烟草科研的热点 (D. Hoffmann, I. Hoffmann, K. EI-Bayoumy, Chem. Res. Toxicol. , 2001, 14 (7) , 767-790)。 我国科研人员 (谢剑平, 刘惠民, 朱茂祥等, 烟草科技, 2009 (2) , 5-15 )在分析评价了来自于中国市场的 163个卷烟样品后, 分析卷烟主流烟气中 29种有害成分 (包括 4种 TSNAs、 3种 PAHs、 8种羰基化合物、 7种酚类物质、 HCN、 N0、 N0x、 NH3、 C0、 烟碱和焦油等) 以及 4种毒理学指标 (小鼠吸入急毒 试验、 细胞毒性试验、 Ames试验和细胞微核试验) 的基础上, 建立了烟气有害 成分与毒理学指标的函数关系。通过采用无信息变量删除法和遗传算法,筛选出 了最具代表性的 7种卷烟烟气有害成分, 即 C0、 HCN、 NNK、 NH3、 B [a] P、 苯酚 和巴豆醛。用这 7种有害成分表征卷烟烟气的危害性具有科学性和可行性。选择 性降低这 7种有害成分的释放量可以降低卷烟危害性指数。
烟草特有亚硝胺 (Tobacco-specific nitrosamines, 简称 TSNAs )是一组仅 发现于烟草及其制品的致癌物质, 主要包括 N-亚硝基去甲基烟碱(NNN), 4- (N- 甲基-亚硝基) -1- ( 3-吡啶基) -1-丁酮(NNK), N-亚硝基新烟草碱 (NAT) 和 N-亚硝基假木贼碱 (NAB)等 4种成分。 TSNAs在不同烟草类型中的含量以白肋 烟最高, 香料烟和烤烟含量都较低。 研究证明, TSNAs的主要前体物质是生物碱 和硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐, 在收获前的绿色烟叶中没有 TSNAs存在, 它们产生于收获 后的调制和发酵过程中。 过去 20年以来, TSNAs成为烟草科学研究中最受关注 的领域之一。
随着人们对吸烟与健康问题的广泛关注及全世界戒烟和控烟等反吸烟运动 的兴起,烟草业如何在既能满足消费者的需求,又能减少吸烟给消费者带来危害
上面临严重挑战。 TSNAs是烟草及其制品中的主要有害物质之一, 减少或消除 TSNAs含量是生产低危害、 安全型卷烟的基础。 TSNAs的控制途径目前主要有良 种选育、 降低施氮水平、 改革调制工艺、硝酸盐清除剂及抗生素的使用等。 由于 这些方法存在一定的局限性, 目前尚未得到普遍推广应用。 因此, 研究开发具有 实际应用价值的降低 TSNAs含量的新技术具有重要的现实意义和广阔的应用前 景。
近年来, 在采用滤嘴添加剂进行选择性过滤卷烟烟气的有害物质方面己经做 了大量的研究工作。 特别是来源于生物体物质的利用, 更受青睐。
美国专利 US4414988发明了一种含有浸渍螯合亚铁离子的原卟啉类化合物溶 液的多孔性物质(如活性炭)的滤嘴,可有效去除烟气中的 CO、苯并 [a]芘(B [a] P) 及其衍生物等。而后, 张爱华等(烟草科技, 1992, 2, 27-28 )的试验结果表明, 添加血红素的滤嘴(血红素浓度为 1. 0mg/mL、 剂量 50 μ L/支和温度 30'C )可使 卷烟焦油降低 17. 0%。 希腊的斯塔夫里迪斯 (US5909736 ) 等通过对生物滤嘴的 详细研究发现:①丝束或活性炭浸渍血红蛋白的滤嘴可使卷烟烟气中的有害物包 括 N0、 N0X、 亚硝基化合物、 自由基、 C0、 醛类和痕量元素各降低 90%以上; ② 转铁蛋白、过氧化氢酶、原卟啉和细胞色素 C也是一类有效降低卷烟有害烟气成 分的生物材料。
中国专利 (CN1252245A)发明了一种烟草生物降焦剂, 主要由与生物酶结构 相似的金属卟啉为主要原料制成,加入滤棒中后,在生物浓度下可以同生物酶一 样催化苯并芘的降解和使 C0、 NO向无害气体的转化, 从而降低苯并芘和 C0、 NO 含量, 并能有效降低焦油量。
戴亚等(烟草科技, 2001, 1, 19-21 )从动物鲜血中提取了血红蛋白, 并以 血红蛋白为滤嘴添加剂加入卷烟中, 研究其对卷烟烟气中亚硝胺含量的影响。结 果表明, 以血红蛋白为添加剂的滤嘴显著降低了卷烟烟气中 N-亚硝胺的含量, 从所得实验数据可以看出, 血红蛋白可以显著截留烟气中的 N-亚硝胺, 降低率 基本在 50%左右,而且对气相和粒相 N-亚硝胺均有截留作用。在后续的工作中以 卟啉类化合物和天然提取物组成复合生化制剂, 以茶沫为载体, 制成二元复合滤 棒, 用于卷烟生产(CN1757337 , CN101708072A)。检测结果表明可较大幅度地降 低主流烟气中多种稠环芳烃 (PAHs)、 烟草特有亚硝胺(TSNAs:)、 自由基和芳香
胺等有害成分的含量。 并对复合生化制剂减害的作用机理进行了讨论(戴亚,汪 长国, 朱立军等, 烟草科技, 2008, 5, 5-8 )。
汪长国、戴亚等采用荧光淬灭法和紫外可见光谱法进一步研究卟啉对卷烟主 流烟气中 3, 4-苯并 [a]芘和烟草特有亚硝胺 N-亚硝胺的截留效果及作用机制。 结果表明卟啉与二者都有强烈相互作用(汪长国,戴亚等,环境与健康杂志, 2010, 27 (5) , 426-427; 2010, 27 (12) , 1093-1094)。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种对卷烟烟气中有害物质烟草特有亚硝胺截留效 果较好的滤嘴添加剂及其应用, 以减轻吸烟对人体的危害。
本发明的提供的技术方案是, 提供一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加 剂, 一种原卟啉衍生物, 其化学结构式为如下:
进一步地, 所述烷基为直链烷基、 支链垸基、 环烷基。
优选地, 所述 Rl、 R2基团分别为 (¾(¾(¾(¾或(¾。
本发明还提供了上述滤嘴添加剂的应用, 应用于卷烟复合滤嘴。 具体的说, 是以 0. 05%〜 10%载体重量的上述滤嘴添加剂悬浮于溶液中, 然后喷洒到载体上, 添加了上述原卟啉衍生物的载体在丝束成型时添加到丝束滤棒中制成复合滤嘴, 每支卷烟中添加的含添加剂的载体量重为 2〜30mg。 优选地, 所述滤嘴添加剂为 载体重量的 0. 1%〜1. 0%。 优选地, 所述溶液为乙醇或水。
更优选地, 所述滤嘴添加剂为载体重量的 0. 3^0. 6%。
优选地, 每支卷烟中添加的含添加剂的载体重量为 2〜10mg。
更优选地, 每支卷烟中添加的含添加剂的载体重量为 4〜6rog。
进一步地, 所述载体为茶沫。
有益的是, 本发明首次给出了所述原卟啉衍生物, 对降低烟气中的 TSNAs含 量具有显著的效果。
具体实施方式
实施例 1 :
1 ) 制备包括:
将来源于商业或动物血液提取物的血红素 10g溶解于 33%氢溴酸的醋酸溶液 ( 100ml )中, 室温搅拌 48小时, 然后缓慢加入甲醇后, 回流 2小时, 减压浓縮 除去溶剂, 将残余物然后悬浮于水中, 用 2N氢氧化钠水溶液调 pH至 8, 过滤收 集固体。 将干燥后的固体溶于 1N氢氧化钠的甲醇溶液中, 回流反应 30分钟,将 甲醇溶液浓縮干, 所得的固体物溶于水中, 用醋酸溶液调 pH至: Γ5, 收集固体, 分离得所需的滤嘴添加剂 (R,=R2=C ),
lHNMR (d^-DMSO): -3. 04 (2H, s) , 2. 18 (6H, d, J=5. 6Hz) , 2. 96 (4H, t, J=8. 4Hz) , 3. 56〜3. 72 (應, m) , 4. 33 (4H, t, J=8. 4Hz) , 6. 10 (2H, d, J=5. 6Hz) , 10. 23 (1H, s) , 10. 51 (1H, s) , 10. 59 (1H, s), 10. 71 (1H, s) .
ESI— MS (Positive mode): 627 [M+l] .
UV-Vi s: 400nm, 500nm, 530nm, 575nm, 625nm。
2 )将制备得到的滤嘴添加剂以载体重量的 0. 3%悬浮于乙醇中, 均勾喷洒到 载体茶沫上。
3 ) 在丝束成形时将包含滤嘴添加剂的载体以 6mg/支加到丝束滤棒中制成卷 烟。 用 Borgwaldt RM200A型吸烟机按照标准烟气检测方法进行烟气检测, 烟气 检测结果显示该添加剂具有较好的降低卷烟烟气中 TSNAs含量的效果,结果见表 1。
表 1 :
表 2:
实施例 3: 与实施例 1不同的是: 在 2 ) 中将制备得到的滤嘴添加剂以载体 重量的 0. 6%悬浮于乙醇中, 均匀喷洒到载体茶沫上。 检测结果见表 3。
表 3:
实施例 4: 与实施例 1不同的是: 在 2) 中将制备得到的滤嘴添加剂以载体 重量的 2%悬浮于乙醇中, 均匀喷洒到载体茶沫上。 检测结果见表 4。
表 4:
实施例 5: 与实施例 1不同的是: 在 3) 丝束成形时将包含滤嘴添加剂的载 体以 2mg/支加到丝束滤棒中制成卷烟。 用 Borgwaldt RM200A型吸烟机按照标准 烟气检测方法进行烟气检测, 结果见表 5。
表 5:
实施例 6: 与实施例 1不同的是: 在 3) 丝束成形时将包含滤嘴添加剂的载 体以 12mg/支加到丝束滤棒中制成卷烟。 用 Borgwaldt RM200A型吸烟机按照标 准烟气检测方法进行烟气检测, 结果见表 6。
TSNAs
NNK NNN NAT NAB
试制卷烟(ng/支) 5.39 2.58 12.37 1.02 对照卷烟(ng/支) 8.28 3.37 12.72 1.08 降幅% 34.9 23.5 2.7 5.6
实施例 7:
1) 制备
将来源于商业或动物血液提取物的血红素 10g溶解于 33%氢溴酸的醋酸溶液 (100ml)中, 室温搅拌 48小时, 缓慢加入正丁醇后回流 8小时时间, 减压浓缩 除去溶剂,将残余物然后悬浮于水中,用 2N氢氧化钠调 pH至 8,过滤收集固体, 将干燥后的固体溶于 1N氢氧化钠的甲醇溶液中, 回流待反应 1小时, 将甲醇溶 液浓缩干, 所得的固体物溶于水中, 用醋酸溶液调 pH至 3-5, 收集固体, 得所 需的滤嘴添加剂 (R1=R2=CH3CH2CH2CH2) ;
lHNMR(c/6-DMS0) : -3.02 (2H, s), 0.78 (6H, t), 1.38^1.46(4H, m), 1.66^1.71 (4H, m), 2.16 (6H, d, J=5.2Hz) , 3.18 (4H, t, J=8.0Hz) , 3.54"3.76(16H, m), 4.34 (4H, t, J=8.0Hz) , 6.17 (2H, d, J=5.2Hz) , 10.24 (1H, s), 10.33 (1H, s), 10.6K1H, s), 10.66 (1H, s), 12.55 (2H, b);
ESI- MS (Positive mode): 711〔M+1]。
2)将制备得到的滤嘴添加剂以载体重量的 0.3%悬浮于乙醇屮, 均勾喷洒到 载体茶沫上。
3)在丝束成形时将包含滤嘴添加剂的载体以 6mg/支添加到丝束滤棒中制备 成卷烟。 用 Borgwaldt RM200A型吸烟机按照标准烟气检测方法进行烟气检测, 烟气检测结果显示该添加剂具有较好的降低卷烟烟气中 TSNAs含量的效果,结果 见表 7。
表 7:
实施例 8: 与实施例 7不同的是: 在 2) 中将制备得到的滤嘴添加剂以载体
重量的 0.1%悬浮于乙醇中, 均匀喷洒到载体茶沫上。 检测结果见表 9。
表 8:
实施例 9: 与实施例 7不同的是: 在 2) 中将制备得到的滤嘴添加剂以载体 重量的 0.6%悬浮于乙醇中, 均匀喷洒到载体茶沫上。 气检测结果见表 8。
表 9:
实施例 10: 与实施例 7不同的是: 在 2) 中将制备得到的滤嘴添加剂以载体 重量的 2%悬浮于乙醇中, 均匀喷洒到载体茶沫上。 烟气检测结果见表 10。 表 10:
实施例 11:
1) 制备包括:
将来源于商业或动物血液提取物的血红素 10g溶解于 33%氢溴酸的醋酸溶液 (100ml) 中, 室温搅拌 48小时, 在冰浴下缓慢加入 ION NaOH水溶液至溶液 pH=12~14, 室温搅拌 48小时, 用醋酸继续调 pH为; Γ5, 过滤收集固体, 千燥即 可得滤嘴添加剂 (R1=R2=H),
ESI- MS (Positive mode): 599[M+1]。
2)将制备得到的滤嘴添加剂以载体重量的 0.3%悬浮于乙醇中, 均匀喷洒到 载体茶沫上。
3) 在丝束成形时将包含滤嘴添加剂的载体以 6mg/支加到丝束滤棒中制成卷
烟。 用 Borgwaldt RM200A型吸烟机按照标准烟气检测方法进行烟气检测, 烟气 检测结果显示该添加剂具有较好的降低卷烟烟气中 TSNAs含量的效果,结果见表 11。
表 11:
实施例 12:
1) 制备包括:
将来源于商业或动物血液提取物的血红素 10g溶解于 33%氢溴酸的醋酸溶液 (100ml)中,室温搅拌 48小时,缓慢加入苯甲醇后室温搅拌 24小时,然后 90 °C 反应过夜, 减压浓缩除去溶剂, 将残余物然后悬浮于水中, 用 2N氢氧化钠调 PH 至 8, 然后二氯甲烷萃取 (3*100ml)。 浓縮后的红色油状物溶于 IN氢氧化钾的 甲醇溶液中, 回流待反应 2小时, 将甲醇溶液浓缩干, 所得的固体物溶于水中, 用醋酸溶液调 pH至 3- 5, 收集固体, 得所需的滤嘴添加剂 (Rl=R2=CH2Ph) 。
lHNMR(c/6-DMS0): -2.13 (2H, s), 2.16 (m, 2H), 3.03 (m, 4H), 3.37, 3.41, 3.46, 3.57 (4s, 12H), 4.09 (m, 4H), 4.56 (m, 4H), 6.10 (m, 2H), 7.30^7.37 (m, 10H), 10.02, 10.11, 10.33, 10. 8 (4H, s), 10.98 (2H, s) ;
ESI-MS (Positive mode): 779[M+1]。
2)将制备得到的滤嘴添加剂以载体重量的 0.3%悬浮于乙醇屮, 均匀喷洒到 载体茶沫上。
3) 在丝束成形时将包含滤嘴添加剂的载体以 6mg/支加到丝束滤棒中制成卷 烟。 用 Borgwaldt RM200A型吸烟机按照标准烟气检测方法进行烟气检测, 烟气 检测结果显示该添加剂具有较好的降低卷烟烟气中 TSNAs含量的效果,结果见下 表 12。
实施例 13:
1 ) 制备包括- 将来源于商业或动物血液提取物的血红素 5g溶解于 33%氢溴酸的醋酸溶液 ( 100ml )中, 室温搅拌 48小时,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,然后缓慢加入苯酚后 60 °C 搅拌反应 24小时,将反应混合物加水 300ml,用氯仿萃取 (3*200ml )。 有机相用 饱和碳酸钠水溶液洗滴两次, 干燥后减压除去溶剂氯仿, 溶于 1N氢氧化钾的甲 醇溶液中, 室温搅拌水解 24小时, 将甲醇溶液浓缩干, 所得的固体物溶于水中, 用醋酸溶液调 pH至 3-5, 收集固体, 得所需的滤嘴添加剂 (Rl=R2=Ph) 。
ESI-MS (Positive mode): 751 [M+l] ;
UV-Vis: 402 nm, 503, 537, 570, 625。
2 )将制备得到的滤嘴添加剂以载体重量的 0. 3%悬浮于乙醇中, 均匀喷洒到 载体茶沫上。
3) 在丝束成形时将包含滤嘴添加剂的载体以 6mg/支加到丝束滤棒中制成卷 烟。 用 Borgwaldt RM200A型吸烟机按照标准烟气检测方法进行烟气检测, 烟气 检测结果显示该添加剂具有较好的降低卷烟烟气中 TSNAs含量的效果,结果见下 表 13。
表 13:
Claims
1、 一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂, 其特征在丁 ·, 该滤嘴添加剂 的
R4
5-c- 其中, Rl , R2基团为: H或 R3 , R3, R4, R5为 H、 烷基或芳基中的一 种或两种。
2、 根据权利耍求 1所述的一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂, 其特 征在于, 所述垸基为直链烷基、 支链垸基、 环垸基。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂, 其特 征在于, 所述 Rl、 R2分别为 CH3CH2CH2CH2或 CH3。
4、权利要求 1、2或 3所述 ·种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂的应用, 其特征在于, 以 0. 05%〜10%载体重量的上述滤嘴添加剂悬浮于溶剂(乙醇或水 中), 然后喷洒到载体上, 添加了上述滤嘴添加剂的载体在丝束成型时添加到丝 束滤棒中制成复合滤嘴, 每支卷烟中添加的含添加剂的载体重量为 2〜30mg。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂的应用, 其特征在于, 所述滤嘴添加剂为载体重量的 0. 1%〜1. 0%。
6、根据权利要求 5所述的 · ·种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂的应用, 其特征在于, 所述滤嘴添加剂为载体重量的 0. 3%〜0. 6%。
7、根据权利要求 4所述的一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂的应用, 其特征在于, 每支卷烟中添加的含添加剂的载体重量为 2〜10mg。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂的应用, 其特征在于, 每支卷烟中添加的含添加剂的载体重量为 4~6mg。
9、根据权利要求 3所述的一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂的应用, 其特征在于, 所述载体为茶沫。
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CN1066767A (zh) * | 1991-05-23 | 1992-12-09 | 高春平 | 烟草制品烟气中致癌物滤除材料 |
WO1996000019A1 (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1996-01-04 | Ioannis Stavridis | Removal of noxious oxidants and carcinogenic volatile nitrosocompounds from cigarette smoke using biological substances |
CN1252245A (zh) * | 1999-11-23 | 2000-05-10 | 郭灿城 | 烟草生物降焦剂 |
CN1582796A (zh) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-02-23 | 南京大学 | 降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺含量的滤嘴及丝束添加剂 |
CN1757337A (zh) * | 2005-10-26 | 2006-04-12 | 重庆烟草工业有限责任公司 | 四种卟啉类化合物去除卷烟烟气中的几类致癌物 |
CN102715654A (zh) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-10 | 川渝中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂及其应用 |
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JPS5739767A (en) * | 1980-08-23 | 1982-03-05 | Advance Kk | Tobacco filter |
CN101708072B (zh) * | 2009-12-23 | 2011-04-13 | 川渝中烟工业公司 | 一种含有生物组合物的复合滤嘴 |
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Patent Citations (6)
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CN1066767A (zh) * | 1991-05-23 | 1992-12-09 | 高春平 | 烟草制品烟气中致癌物滤除材料 |
WO1996000019A1 (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1996-01-04 | Ioannis Stavridis | Removal of noxious oxidants and carcinogenic volatile nitrosocompounds from cigarette smoke using biological substances |
CN1252245A (zh) * | 1999-11-23 | 2000-05-10 | 郭灿城 | 烟草生物降焦剂 |
CN1582796A (zh) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-02-23 | 南京大学 | 降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺含量的滤嘴及丝束添加剂 |
CN1757337A (zh) * | 2005-10-26 | 2006-04-12 | 重庆烟草工业有限责任公司 | 四种卟啉类化合物去除卷烟烟气中的几类致癌物 |
CN102715654A (zh) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-10 | 川渝中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种降低卷烟烟气中亚硝胺的滤嘴添加剂及其应用 |
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