WO2013179614A1 - Procédé de soudage hybride à arc laser - Google Patents

Procédé de soudage hybride à arc laser Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013179614A1
WO2013179614A1 PCT/JP2013/003278 JP2013003278W WO2013179614A1 WO 2013179614 A1 WO2013179614 A1 WO 2013179614A1 JP 2013003278 W JP2013003278 W JP 2013003278W WO 2013179614 A1 WO2013179614 A1 WO 2013179614A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
welding
laser
arc
angle
laser beam
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PCT/JP2013/003278
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
博幸 角
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Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 filed Critical Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority to CN201380028227.0A priority Critical patent/CN104349863A/zh
Priority to KR1020147028620A priority patent/KR20140133935A/ko
Priority to JP2014518267A priority patent/JPWO2013179614A1/ja
Publication of WO2013179614A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013179614A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
    • B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a laser-arc hybrid welding method (laser and arc hybrid welding method) in which laser welding and consumable electrode arc welding are used in combination, and in particular, tensile strength. Relates to a laser-arc hybrid welding method for high strength steel sheet or plate of 780 MPa or more.
  • arc welding which has been widely used conventionally, can be handled more easily than laser welding, and the apparatus is inexpensive and versatile.
  • the penetration depth is small and the welding speed is also slow.
  • laser / arc hybrid welding combining laser welding and arc welding has been proposed. Since laser-arc hybrid welding uses two heat sources with different energy densities, the welding speed is increased, the dimensional accuracy of the groove gap is reduced, It is known to be effective in increasing the penetration depth, improving the characteristics of the welded joint (specifically, improving the toughness of the weld metal, etc.), and suppressing weld defects.
  • Patent Document 1 a laser is disposed in advance and an arc is disposed in the subsequent direction, and the root gap of the material to be welded is set to a range of 10% or more of the plate thickness to a laser beam diameter (laser beam diameter) or less.
  • a laser-arc hybrid welding method capable of achieving high penetration welding with deep penetration has been disclosed.
  • Patent Document 3 the arc is preceded and the laser is moved backward, and arc welding is performed by arranging a pair of arc electrodes (also referred to as torches) on both sides of the weld line and arranging the tips of the electrodes.
  • a pair of arc electrodes also referred to as torches
  • a high-quality welded joint can be obtained even if a large gap exists between the members to be welded.
  • the causes of cold cracking include (a) diffusible hydrogen of weld metal, (b) HAZ (welded heat-affected zone), hardened microstructure of weld metal, and (c) welding.
  • HAZ welded heat-affected zone
  • hardened microstructure of weld metal and (c) welding.
  • welding There are three types of restraint stress of the joint, and it is said that cold cracking occurs when these conditions are met.
  • hydrogen is often dissolved in a supersaturated state in the weld metal, and it is considered that these diffuse into high stress points and accumulate to crack.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 described above the focus is on achieving both gap tolerance and high-speed welding, and no consideration is given to prevention of cold cracking.
  • diffusible hydrogen that is considered to be mixed from the welding wire or the atmosphere in the arc welding process cannot be ignored.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and is a low-temperature crack prevention technique that is considered to be a problem in applying laser-arc hybrid welding to a high-strength steel sheet having a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more.
  • an object is to provide a laser-arc hybrid welding method capable of reducing the amount of diffusible hydrogen in a weld metal.
  • the present inventor measured the amount of diffusible hydrogen in the weld metal part of laser / arc hybrid welding under conditions in which the arrangement of the laser and the arc was variously changed, and the welding condition (welding condition).
  • the effects of selenium on the amount of diffusible hydrogen have been investigated.
  • the amount of diffusible hydrogen tends to decrease when welding with an arc in the front and a laser in the succeeding case and welding with the laser in the preceding and the arc in the following. I found out.
  • the present invention has been made based on the above knowledge and has the following features.
  • a high strength steel sheet having a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more is to be welded, consumable electrode type arc welding is preceded and laser welding is followed in the welding progress direction, and the welding wire target position for arc welding
  • the distance between the laser beam irradiation position and the laser beam irradiation position is set to a range of 3 to 5 mm
  • the arc welding electrode angle is set to a receding angle of 20 to 60 ° in the welding progress direction.
  • a laser-arc hybrid welding method characterized in that the incidence is set to an angle in the range of 0 to 30 ° from the vertical direction to the welding direction.
  • the amount of diffusible hydrogen in the weld metal can be reduced, and a high strength steel plate having a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more. It is possible to improve the low temperature cracking resistance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a situation in which butt welding of materials to be welded (but welding) is seen from the side in the welding direction in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a test piece used for measuring the hydrogen amount in the example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a situation when butt welding of materials to be welded is seen from the side in the welding progress direction in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is a material to be welded
  • 2 is an arc welding electrode
  • 3 is a welding wire
  • 4 is a laser welding head
  • 5 is a laser beam
  • 6 is a weld bead
  • arrow A is welding.
  • X be the distance between the target position of the arc welding wire and the laser beam irradiation position.
  • the inclination angle (that is, the receding angle) of the arc welding electrode 2 with respect to the vertical direction is ⁇ a
  • the incident angle of the laser beam of laser welding is ⁇ b.
  • the welding wire target position of arc welding means the point where the extension line of a welding wire cross
  • the laser beam irradiation position refers to the center of the beam diameter of the irradiated laser beam on the steel plate surface.
  • arc welding is preceded and laser welding is arranged downstream, and the electrode angle ⁇ a of arc welding is set to a receding angle toward the welding direction.
  • diffusible hydrogen brought in from the atmosphere is reduced by welding the arc welding with a sweepback angle method, thereby reducing the width of the weld bead and reducing the area of the molten metal in contact with the atmosphere. This is because it can be reduced. Therefore, considering the handling of the arc welding electrode 2 and the laser welding head 4, arc welding is the preceding arrangement.
  • the distance X between the target position of the welding wire for arc welding and the laser beam irradiation position is defined as a range of 3 to 5 mm.
  • the laser beam 5 directly hits the welding wire 3 due to the fluctuation of the welding wire 3, and the welding tends to become unstable.
  • X exceeds 5 mm the molten pool formed by arc welding and the molten pool by laser welding are separated, so the surface area where the molten metal comes into contact with the air increases and diffusible hydrogen is mixed. It becomes easy. Therefore, the distance X between the welding wire target position of the arc welding and the laser beam irradiation position is set in the range of 3 to 5 mm.
  • the receding angle ⁇ a of arc welding is defined as a range of 20-60 °. If the receding angle ⁇ a is less than 20 °, the width of the weld bead of arc welding is not significantly narrowed, so it is difficult to obtain the effect of reducing the diffusible hydrogen of the weld metal, and if the receding angle ⁇ a exceeds 60 °, the arc The weld bead shape becomes unstable and the penetration depth decreases. Therefore, the receding angle ⁇ a for arc welding is set in the range of 20 to 60 °. More preferably, it is in the range of 30 to 45 °.
  • the incident angle ⁇ b of the laser beam 5 is defined as a range of 0 to 30 ° from the vertical direction to the welding progress direction.
  • the incident angle ⁇ b of the laser beam 5 is less than 0 °, the laser welding head 4 and the arc welding torch 2 are inclined to the same side as the welding direction, and only interfere with each other in position. In addition, there is no effect obtained.
  • the incident angle ⁇ b of the laser beam 5 exceeds 30 °, the penetration depth decreases. Therefore, the incident angle ⁇ b of the laser beam 5 for laser welding is set in the range of 0 to 30 °. More preferably, it is in the range of 0 to 15 °.
  • the welding current of arc welding shall be 300 A or less.
  • the laser output of laser welding is preferably 3 kW or more.
  • the welding current for arc welding is preferably 300 A or less.
  • the laser output of laser welding is preferably 3 kW or more.
  • laser beams using various forms of oscillators can be used.
  • a gas e.g., CO 2 (carbon dioxide gas) , helium - neon (helium-neon), argon (argon would be), nitrogen (Pnitrogen), iodine (iodine) or the like
  • gas laser gas laser
  • a fiber laser using a fiber instead of a bulk as a laser medium A disk laser or the like is preferable.
  • gas shielded arc welding in which welding is performed while shielding the arc and the weld metal from the atmosphere with a shielding gas can be used.
  • electrodes such as MAG welding (metal active gas welding) using CO 2 gas or a mixed gas of Ar and CO 2 and MIG welding (metal inert gas welding) using an inert gas such as Ar or He are continuously melted.
  • MAG welding metal active gas welding
  • MIG welding metal inert gas welding
  • the welding electrode type (consumable electrode type) welding that wears out is suitable.
  • the test method shown in JIS Z 3118 is generally used as a method for measuring the amount of hydrogen in a steel weld for arc welding. Therefore, in the measurement of diffusible hydrogen in laser-arc hybrid welding, basic matters such as the shape of the test piece, the collection of diffusible hydrogen, and the method for measuring the amount of hydrogen were performed in accordance with JIS (Japan Industrial Standards). That is, from an HT780 grade steel plate used as a test steel, a test plate 1A having a plate thickness of 12 mm ⁇ width of 25 mm ⁇ length of 40 mm and an end tab (end tab of 12 mm thick ⁇ 25 mm wide ⁇ 45 mm long) as shown in FIG. ) 1B was prepared, and the amount of diffusible hydrogen in the welds with various laser-arc hybrid welding conditions varied was measured.
  • JIS Japanese Industrial Standards
  • Table 1 shows the laser-arc hybrid welding conditions.
  • a YAG laser welding machine was used for laser welding, and the laser shielding gas was pure Ar.
  • HT780 grade MAG welding solid wire (1.2 mm diameter) was used for arc welding, and 80 vol% Ar-20 vol% CO 2 was used as the shielding gas.
  • the welding speed was set to 0.5 m / min to prevent penetration of the test plate 1A having a thickness of 12 mm.
  • the arc welding is preceded by the laser welding, and the distance X between the welding wire target position of the arc welding and the laser beam irradiation position In the range of 3 to 5 mm, the electrode angle ⁇ a of arc welding is set to a receding angle of 20 to 60 °, and the incident angle ⁇ b of the laser beam is set to 0 to 30 °.
  • the joint No. In 1, 3, 4, and 7, the welding current for arc welding is set to 300 A or less, and the laser output for laser welding is set to 3 kW or more. 6, the welding current of arc welding is set to 320 A, which exceeds 300 A, and the joint No. In No. 8, the laser output of laser welding is 2.5 kW, which is less than 3 kW.
  • the joint no. No. 2 is an example in which laser welding precedes arc welding.
  • No. 5 is an example in which the distance X between the target position of the welding wire for arc welding and the laser beam irradiation position is 1 mm which is less than 3 mm.
  • No. 9 is an example in which the distance X between the target position of the welding wire for arc welding and the laser beam irradiation position is 6 mm, which is more than 5 mm.
  • No. 10 is an example in which the incident angle ⁇ b of the laser beam is 45 ° which is more than 30 °.
  • 11 is an example in which the arc welding torch angle ⁇ a is set to a receding angle of 70 °, which exceeds 60 °.
  • Table 2 shows the results of measurement of the amount of diffusible hydrogen in these laser-arc hybrid welds.
  • the “hydrogen amount per mass of the weld metal” was 0.40 ml / 100 g or less.
  • the “hydrogen amount per mass of weld metal” in the comparative example was a value exceeding 0.60 ml / 100 g. That is, according to the present invention, the “hydrogen amount per mass of the weld metal” can be almost halved.
  • the amount of diffusible hydrogen in the laser-arc hybrid weld can be reduced, the low-temperature cracking resistance of high-strength steel can be improved.

Abstract

Grâce à la présente invention permet, afin de supprimer la fissuration à froid, le soudage à l'arc du type à électrode consommable est fait sur le côté précédent et le soudage laser est fait sur le côté suivant par rapport à la direction de progression de la soudure, à l'aide d'une feuille en acier très résistante ayant une résistance à la traction d'au moins 780 MPa comme sujet de soudage, la distance entre la position dans laquelle pointe un fil à souder pour soudage à l'arc et la position de rayonnement de faisceau laser est réglée dans une plage de 3 à 5 mm, l'angle d'électrode pour le soudage à l'arc est réglé sur un angle de flèche compris dans la plage de 20 à 60 ° vers la direction de progression de la soudure, et l'angle d'incidence du faisceau laser pour le soudage laser est réglé sur un angle compris dans la plage de 0 à 30 ° dans la direction de progression de la soudure depuis la direction verticale.
PCT/JP2013/003278 2012-05-29 2013-05-23 Procédé de soudage hybride à arc laser WO2013179614A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201380028227.0A CN104349863A (zh) 2012-05-29 2013-05-23 激光电弧复合焊接方法
KR1020147028620A KR20140133935A (ko) 2012-05-29 2013-05-23 레이저·아크 하이브리드 용접 방법
JP2014518267A JPWO2013179614A1 (ja) 2012-05-29 2013-05-23 レーザ・アークハイブリッド溶接方法

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JP2012-121481 2012-05-29

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CN104014934A (zh) * 2014-06-19 2014-09-03 兰州理工大学 适用于异种材料对接的电弧辅助激光熔钎焊方法
JP2017521263A (ja) * 2014-05-09 2017-08-03 イェスタムプ・ハードテック・アクチエボラーグ ２つのブランクを接合する方法、ブランク、及び得られた製品
EP3623096A4 (fr) * 2017-09-20 2020-06-24 JFE Steel Corporation Procédé de soudage hybride au laser à l'arc

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CN104907696B (zh) * 2015-06-03 2016-09-14 广东省工业技术研究院(广州有色金属研究院) 一种考虑焊接电流值的激光-电弧复合焊接方法
CN105171243A (zh) * 2015-10-23 2015-12-23 南京南车浦镇城轨车辆有限责任公司 一种中厚板角接接头的激光电弧复合焊接方法
KR101720087B1 (ko) * 2016-06-01 2017-03-28 주식회사 포스코 피로 특성이 우수한 용접이음부 및 이의 제조 방법
CN107309563A (zh) * 2017-06-27 2017-11-03 重庆科技学院 一种高级别管线钢的激光‑电弧复合焊接方法
CN110405344A (zh) * 2018-04-27 2019-11-05 上海汇众汽车制造有限公司 高强钢激光-mig电弧复合焊接的气孔缺陷抑制方法
WO2021131560A1 (fr) * 2019-12-25 2021-07-01 日本軽金属株式会社 Procédé d'assemblage

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JP2007260715A (ja) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-11 Jfe Steel Kk 超高強度溶接鋼管の製造方法
JP2011036883A (ja) * 2009-08-11 2011-02-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Ｔ字継手の溶接方法及び装置
JP2011174154A (ja) * 2010-02-25 2011-09-08 Nippon Steel Corp レーザ溶接用またはレーザ・アークハイブリッド溶接用の引張強さが１１００ＭＰａ以上の高張力鋼板の製造方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017521263A (ja) * 2014-05-09 2017-08-03 イェスタムプ・ハードテック・アクチエボラーグ ２つのブランクを接合する方法、ブランク、及び得られた製品
CN104014934A (zh) * 2014-06-19 2014-09-03 兰州理工大学 适用于异种材料对接的电弧辅助激光熔钎焊方法
EP3623096A4 (fr) * 2017-09-20 2020-06-24 JFE Steel Corporation Procédé de soudage hybride au laser à l'arc

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CN104349863A (zh) 2015-02-11
KR20140133935A (ko) 2014-11-20
JPWO2013179614A1 (ja) 2016-01-18

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