WO2013178837A1 - Tuyère fixe symétrique d'accélération pour vaisseaux aquatiques en condition de navigation libre - Google Patents

Tuyère fixe symétrique d'accélération pour vaisseaux aquatiques en condition de navigation libre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013178837A1
WO2013178837A1 PCT/ES2012/070835 ES2012070835W WO2013178837A1 WO 2013178837 A1 WO2013178837 A1 WO 2013178837A1 ES 2012070835 W ES2012070835 W ES 2012070835W WO 2013178837 A1 WO2013178837 A1 WO 2013178837A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nozzle
watercraft
propeller
edge
free navigation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2012/070835
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Juan José ROMERO VÁZQUEZ
Original Assignee
Romero Vazquez Juan Jose
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Romero Vazquez Juan Jose filed Critical Romero Vazquez Juan Jose
Priority to PCT/ES2013/070341 priority Critical patent/WO2013178853A2/fr
Publication of WO2013178837A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013178837A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/14—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers characterised by being mounted in non-rotating ducts or rings, e.g. adjustable for steering purpose
    • B63H5/15—Nozzles, e.g. Kort-type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H47/00—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing
    • F16H47/06—Combinations of mechanical gearing with fluid clutches or fluid gearing the fluid gearing being of the hydrokinetic type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an accelerator nozzle for watercraft in free navigation condition, forming part of the propulsion system of floating or underwater watercraft.
  • Feed coefficient J V A / nD P.
  • a V being the speed of advance of the propellant, n the number of revolutions per second of the propeller and D P the propeller diameter.
  • Free navigation condition when sailing with exclusively indoor cargo; in this condition the load index C T has a value between 1.5 and 3 in cruising speed at 80% of the nominal power.
  • Trawling or shooting navigation condition when sailing by pulling a fishing net or towing to another ship; in this case the speed of the ship is very small in relation to the thrust or shot of the propulsive system constituted by an open propeller or by a nozzle propeller, it is said that the propulsive system is very loaded, the load index C T is by above value 4; Only fishing trawlers and tugboats navigate in this condition when they are doing their specific job.
  • Propeller thrust coefficient ⁇ T p / T, where T p is the thrust exerted by the propeller only and T the thrust exerted by the propeller-nozzle assembly. In the open propeller (without nozzle) it is worth 1, in accelerating nozzles less than 1 and in decelerating nozzles more than 1.
  • the ratio L / D axial length of the nozzle divided by the inside diameter of the nozzle, is an essential reference. It is called a liquid vein, when a liquid is driven by a propeller, in the case at hand, inside the same liquid, differentiating itself from the rest of the same liquid that surrounds the vein by its kinematic characteristics, both downstream of the propeller over everything, like upstream of the propeller.
  • a naval propeller generates, in a certain direction, an effective wake speed downstream with axial, tangential and radial components.
  • the axial component is the most important in terms of module.
  • Angle of attack of a profile is the one that forms the line that contains the rope with the general direction of the fluid that falls on said profile.
  • Codaste continuation of the keel of the watercraft by stern, both in floating ships and in submarine ships.
  • Ae refers to the total surface of the blades and Ao refers to the area of the scanning disc.
  • the propeller-nozzle assembly can rotate 360 e on a vertical axis, which does not require a rudder.
  • the most similar nozzle is the so-called "38" nozzle developed for use in the tugging condition; described and represented on pages 62 and 63 of the following book, Title: "The Wageningen Propeller Series", ISBN: 90-900 7247-0, Author G. Kuiper, Edited by: MARIN Maritime Research Institute Netherlands, First Edition, Place of edition: Holland, Year of publication 1992;
  • the profile of said nozzle has, in the sense of general water circulation, first a converging inner surface, then a cylindrical inner surface and finally a divergent inner surface;
  • the L / D ratio is 0.738, with L being the axial length of the profile of the nozzle and D the inside diameter of the nozzle; with a single nozzle for each propeller;
  • the cylindrical interior surface of the nozzle is around the propeller; the maximum thickness is 0.13L;
  • the outer surface of the nozzle is cylindrical; both the inlet and the trailing edge are formed by a toroidal surface, with the same radius of curvature in the profile of the
  • the technical problem that currently exists is the relatively low performance of propulsive systems for ships in free navigation condition with cruising speed up to a maximum of 18 knots (which is the limit for current nozzles) due to losses in the effective wake mainly (called axial losses), due to the low coefficient of support C L that is obtained with the current profiles for load indexes C T lower than the value 3 and for the drag losses of the nozzle.
  • the effort to achieve greater performance in the propulsive systems has been constant by all researchers and research groups of both companies and universities, especially since the oil crisis of 1973 until today.
  • the technical advantage provided by this invention lies in reducing axial losses mainly, increasing very significantly the lift coefficient C L with the consequent acceleration of water in the plane of sweeping the propeller and greatly reducing the drag of the nozzle, all which combined contributes to a significant increase in efficiency of the propulsive system.
  • the ratio L / D is between 0.20 and 1.90, with L being the axial length of the profile of the nozzle and D the inside diameter of the nozzle; with a single nozzle for each propeller; the cylindrical interior surface of the nozzle is around the propeller; the nozzle is fixed with respect to the support of the propeller shaft;
  • the line containing the rope of the nozzle profile which runs from the front end of the inlet edge to the rear end of the outlet edge, intersects with the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical inner part of the nozzle, upstream of said nozzle, in the general direction of the ship's bow when navigating straight forward, (to mainly reduce axial losses and to increase the coefficient of lift C L with respect to the current nozzles, both in the Traditional configuration of the propulsion system with propeller shaft and nozzle in the longitudinal direction of the ship permanently, as in the azimuthal configuration in "pod" where the propeller-nozzle assembly can rotate 360 e ).
  • the difference between the outer radius of the nozzle and the inner radius of the nozzle is between 0.050D and 0.076D, (to considerably reduce the nozzle drag, because for load coefficients below the value 3 the influence of the suction of the propeller does not reach greater radial distance);
  • the outer surface of the nozzle is cylindrical along its entire axial length from the leading inlet edge to the trailing edge of the water in accordance with the general direction of water circulation (to avoid detachment of the boundary layer in this area and therefore the associated turbulence) and the convergent inner surface is convex;
  • the convergent inner surface joins the outer surface by means of a toroidal surface, with circumference as a generatrix, forming the water inlet edge in the nozzle, said edge has a radius of curvature in profile, between 0.01019D and 0.004D (so that the penetration of the nozzle in the fluid causes less resistance);
  • the divergent inner surface is convex and in its
  • the difference between the outer radius of the nozzle and the inner radius of the nozzle is 0.063D;
  • the L / D ratio is 0.4970;
  • the inlet edge of the nozzle has a radius of curvature in profile of 0.01019D;
  • the scanning plane of the center of the blade tips of the propeller perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical inner part of the nozzle is located at a distance of the leading edge of 0.4564L; and in the profile of the nozzle the line tangent to the convex inner surface converging by a point at an axial distance of 0.046L downstream of the inlet edge, forms an angle with the axis of symmetry of the nozzle of 26 e .
  • This accelerator nozzle for watercraft in free navigation condition is part of a floating or underwater watercraft, with an engine that is attached and imparts turning movement to the propeller shaft of the propulsion system constituted by the propeller and said nozzle.
  • the nozzle with all these characteristics acts together with the propeller (influence or mutual interaction), increasing the performance of the propeller-nozzle system, compared to those currently used, which are naturally the most efficient to date.
  • This nozzle having a profile with greater peripheral length inside than outside, from the leading edge to the trailing edge, is a water speed accelerating nozzle inside the nozzle; decelerating nozzles such as the "33" nozzle of "MARIN” have a profile with greater outer peripheral length and are only used on military ships to reduce cavitation and noise, especially if lower performance is obtained even than with an open propeller, in order to make detection more difficult; the line that contains the rope of the profile that goes from the center of the rounded anterior edge to the living edge of the trailing edge, intersects with the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical interior part of the nozzle upstream of it, whereby present a greater angle of attack with respect to the general direction of water entering the nozzle (which is always convergent even with low load indexes C T ) the bearing coefficient C L is greater and therefore the acceleration caused by this concept the nozzle to the water that flows through it; as is well known to greater acceleration greater efficiency of a nozzle; as is known at a higher load index C T, the
  • the thrust coefficient of the propeller ⁇ is lower for the same speed of the spacecraft and therefore this increases efficiency; in the decelerating nozzles, the thrust coefficient of the propeller ⁇ is greater than the unit and therefore decreases the efficiency of the propeller-nozzle propulsion system as a whole.
  • the notable minor difference between the outer radius of the nozzle and the inner radius causes a minimum drag for load indexes of value 3 or lower.
  • Axial losses in the effective wake are transcendently reduced, since the nozzle, having the trailing edge with the maximum radius, and due to the position of the profile rope, induces the liquid vein that passes through the inside the nozzle to reach said maximum radius downstream to join with the water coming from the cylindrical outer surface, whereby increasing the diameter of the liquid vein increases the static pressure in this posterior area which is transmitted to the propeller system.
  • nozzle as an increase in thrust and most importantly, the difference in velocity of the liquid vein downstream of the nozzle with respect to the velocity of the surrounding water decreases, whereby axial losses due to friction and turbulence in the effective wake are considerably reduced; It is well known that axial losses are the most important in any propulsion system.
  • the final truncation of the nozzle with a divergence greater than 50 e implies the detachment of the boundary layer in a plane very close to the plane of the trailing edge, where it is profitable from the point of view of efficiency, since the reverse flow in the wall it is scarce and a free expansion of the liquid vein is allowed until reaching the peripheral current from the cylindrical outer surface of the nozzle to join both downstream; lengthening the nozzle would lead to greater drag by friction.
  • This proposed nozzle has the advantage of increasing the propulsive performance of the propeller-nozzle assembly and therefore reducing the fuel consumption in the same proportion, in all types of watercraft in free navigation condition, especially up to a cruising speed exceeding 20 knots, with respect to the propulsive systems that are currently used.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation in axial section of the nozzle.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the profile of the nozzle with representation of the rope and other details.
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged detail of the front part of the nozzle profile.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the propeller assembly, nozzle and nozzle supports, seen from downstream.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic representation of the propeller system and fixed nozzle with respect to the propeller, in vertical section of the nozzle by a plane containing the axis of rotation of the propeller; and in view the propeller is represented with the blades and the core (hub), the horn (rear support of the propeller shaft), the elbow, a nozzle holder and the rudder; forming part of a ship, so that the details of the set can be well appreciated.
  • Figure 1 shows the front part 1 of the nozzle, the central part 2 of the nozzle and the rear part 3 of the nozzle; the axial length A of the front part, the length axial B of the central part and the axial length C of the rear; the nozzle 4, the inlet edge 5 of the water in the nozzle and the outlet edge 6 of the water of the nozzle, observing how the inner walls are convergent convexes in the direction of the flow in the anterior part, then straight and therefore cylindrical surface and then convex divergent to the rear end; in this figure it is observed how the outer walls 8 of the profile are straight with the same distance to the axis of symmetry 7 of the cylindrical inner part of the nozzle in all its axial extension and therefore the outer surface is cylindrical; the nozzle 4 has a greater thickness in the central part; the axial length C of the posterior divergent surface is 20% greater than the axial length A of the anterior convergent surface; the inner radius Ri of the nozzle, the outer radius Ro of the nozzle and its difference S of 0.063D which
  • FIG 2 the profile of the nozzle in which the rope 9 is shown, which is shown from the front end of the entrance edge to the rear end of the exit edge is shown; the scanning plane 10 of the center of the blade tips of the propeller perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical inner part of the nozzle, represented by dashed line, observing how the axial distance H of 0.4564L to the inlet edge is smaller at axial distance E to the trailing edge; the tangent line 11 to the profile is also represented by a point located at an axial distance F of 0.046L downstream of the inlet edge forming an angle ⁇ with a line 12 parallel to the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical inner part of the nozzle of 26 e .
  • Figure 3 shows the current line G indicating the direction and general direction of the upstream fluid, immediately before entering the front part of the nozzle, part of the rope 9 and the angle ⁇ that form both directions, in the same plane that contains the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical inner part of the nozzle; and also the radius r of the circumference generated by the toroidal surface of the inlet edge is observed, having as axis of rotation the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical inner part of the nozzle; said radius r of the circumference has a value of 0.01019D and naturally the leading edge of the complete nozzle has a toroidal surface.
  • the blades 14, the blade tips in the form of an arc coaxial to the axis of rotation, the direction of rotation of the blades indicated by arrow, the core (hub) of the propeller, and the supports 13 of the nozzle 4 that joins is at the stern of the ship, not shown in this figure.
  • the nozzle 4 the propeller with its blades 14, the rudder 15, one of the two supports 13 of the nozzle, and the elbow 16 belonging to the vessel.
  • the core of the propeller (central part of the propeller) is attached to the tree and this to the ship's engine.
  • the motor shaft passes through the interior of the horn that acts as a support at the stern end of the hull.
  • the rotating propeller causes less static pressure in front and greater static pressure behind, such pressures are also transmitted locally on the interior walls of the nozzle, whereby the nozzle pushes the vessel with the axial component, through the supports that connect it to the stern of the ship.
  • Both the propeller and the nozzle push the vessel, both forming the propulsion system.
  • the propulsion system is part of the ship.
  • the nozzle protects the propeller from most shocks with external elements and therefore from irreversible deterioration; and also of networks and cables that could temporarily disable it.
  • the length of the radius has the same value as the abscissa.
  • This invention has industrial application in the naval industry.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une tuyère fixe symétrique d'accélération pour vaisseaux aquatiques en condition de navigation libre. L'invention permet d'obtenir un plus grand rendement dans des vaisseaux aquatiques du fait de la tuyère dans laquelle, la ligne qui contient la corde (9) du profil de la tuyère, coupe l'axe de symétrie de la partie intérieure cylindrique de la tuyère, en aval de ladite tuyère; la différence entre le rayon extérieur de la tuyère et le rayon intérieur étant comprise entre 0,050D et 0,076D, D étant le diamètre intérieur de la tuyère; la surface extérieure (8) de la tuyère est cylindrique; et le bord d'entrée présente un rayon de courbure en profil compris entre 0,01019D et 0,004D. La tuyère fait partie d'un système de propulsion qui lui-même fait partie d'un vaisseau aquatique. Rien à traduire
PCT/ES2012/070835 2012-05-30 2012-11-28 Tuyère fixe symétrique d'accélération pour vaisseaux aquatiques en condition de navigation libre WO2013178837A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2013/070341 WO2013178853A2 (fr) 2012-05-30 2013-05-28 Tuyère fixe symétrique d'accélération pour vaisseaux aquatiques en condition de navigation libre

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201200572 2012-05-30
ES201200572A ES2385994B2 (es) 2012-05-30 2012-05-30 Tobera fija simétrica aceleradora para naves acuáticas en condición de navegación libre

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WO2013178837A1 true WO2013178837A1 (fr) 2013-12-05

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PCT/ES2012/070835 WO2013178837A1 (fr) 2012-05-30 2012-11-28 Tuyère fixe symétrique d'accélération pour vaisseaux aquatiques en condition de navigation libre

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ES (1) ES2385994B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013178837A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013178853A2 (fr) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-05 Romero Vazquez Juan Jose Tuyère fixe symétrique d'accélération pour vaisseaux aquatiques en condition de navigation libre

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4832633A (en) * 1977-11-30 1989-05-23 Hydronic, Ltd. Marine propulsion system
WO2000027697A1 (fr) * 1998-11-09 2000-05-18 Scheepswerf Van De Giessen B.V. Dispositif pour la propulsion de bateaux, et buse utilisee dans celui-ci
JP2006306304A (ja) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-09 Niigata Shipbuilding & Repair Inc 推進装置及びその製造方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4832633A (en) * 1977-11-30 1989-05-23 Hydronic, Ltd. Marine propulsion system
WO2000027697A1 (fr) * 1998-11-09 2000-05-18 Scheepswerf Van De Giessen B.V. Dispositif pour la propulsion de bateaux, et buse utilisee dans celui-ci
JP2006306304A (ja) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-09 Niigata Shipbuilding & Repair Inc 推進装置及びその製造方法

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ES2385994B2 (es) 2013-01-02
ES2385994A1 (es) 2012-08-06

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