WO2013172699A1 - Composé de caoutchouc pour la production de bandes de roulement de pneus de motocycles, son procédé de production et bande de roulement de pneu de motocycle ainsi obtenue - Google Patents

Composé de caoutchouc pour la production de bandes de roulement de pneus de motocycles, son procédé de production et bande de roulement de pneu de motocycle ainsi obtenue Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013172699A1
WO2013172699A1 PCT/MY2013/000098 MY2013000098W WO2013172699A1 WO 2013172699 A1 WO2013172699 A1 WO 2013172699A1 MY 2013000098 W MY2013000098 W MY 2013000098W WO 2013172699 A1 WO2013172699 A1 WO 2013172699A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rubber
weight
rubber compound
parts
compound according
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PCT/MY2013/000098
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English (en)
Inventor
Yen Wan NGEOW
Mazlina MUSTAPHA KAMAL (Dr.)
Pei Chin KHAW
Ahmad Kifli CHE AZIZ
Teku Zakwan ZAEIMOEDIN
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Lembaga Getah Malaysia
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Publication of WO2013172699A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013172699A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
    • B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/15—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring
    • C08K5/151—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring having one oxygen atom in the ring
    • C08K5/1515—Three-membered rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L15/00—Compositions of rubber derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C2200/00—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications
    • B60C2200/10—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications for motorcycles, scooters or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
    • C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
    • C08C19/04—Oxidation
    • C08C19/06—Epoxidation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction 

Definitions

  • This invention generally relates to rubber compounds for motorcycle tyre treads. More particularly the invention relates to a rubber compound for the manufacture of motorcycle tyre treads, the method of producing the rubber compound and the motorcycle tyre tread made from the rubber compound.
  • a tyre is generally a circular-shaped covering that wraps around the rims of the wheels of a vehicle and provides a flexible surface that acts as a cushion that absorbs shock when the vehicle is in motion. Tyres are usually made of synthetic rubber and/or natural rubber, fabric and wire, along with other compounds and chemical additives.
  • the tyre consists of a tread and a body, with the tread portion providing traction to the surface it is in contact with while the body provides support.
  • the majority of tyres today are inflatable structures where the tyre is filled with compressed air to form an inflatable cushion.
  • motorcycle tyres are the only contact between the motorcycle vehicle and the ground.
  • the contact surface of a motorcycle tyre is generally very small compared to a tyre used for larger vehicles such as cars, lorries and trucks.
  • a good compromise between each of the desired physical properties can be achieved.
  • Conventional motorcycle tyres are generally manufactured from synthetic rubber such as styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and polybutadiene rubber (PBR), which are derived from fossil fuels such as crude oil.
  • SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
  • PBR polybutadiene rubber
  • the rubber compound is usually reinforced with carbon black and further comprises fatty acid additives (cure aid) and vulcanization aids.
  • Cure aid fatty acid additives
  • vulcanization aids fatty acid additives
  • plasticizer or softening oil
  • the plasticizer used is an aromatic oil derived from crude oil. Plasticizers that contain high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content have been deemed carcinogenic and are effectively prohibited for use in tyre production in Europe.
  • European publication no. 2 340 946 Al teaches a method to produce a rubber compound for tyre components such as beads, apexes and sidewall veneers mainly comprising preferably a blend of at least two diene based elastomers (natural and/or synthetic).
  • the compound of this prior European publication further comprises epoxidized palm oil as a plasticizer to negate the use of fatty acids as a cure aid due to its undesirable effect on tack retention. This is possible due to the natural presence of stearic acid in epoxidized palm oil. However, only a small amount (1 phr) of stearic acid is present in the epoxidized palm oil, and this leads to a prolonged cure time.
  • the epoxidized palm oil used in this European publication contains between 2.6% to 3.4% oxirane oxygen content, which aids in improving tack retention of the rubber compound. If an epoxidized palm oil with a lowered oxirane oxygen content is used, it may cause an increased acidity in the rubber compound leading to the compound having poor ageing resistance and increased curing time during vulcanization. Use of an epoxidized palm oil with lower oxirane oxygen content than 2.6% to 3.4% is desirable as this will aid in increasing abrasion resistance of the compound. However, doing so with the teachings of this European publication will lead to the undesirable consequences described above.
  • a rubber compound for the manufacture of motorcycle tyre treads comprising a rubber component derived from natural rubber based polymers, a dual-filler system consisting of carbon black and silica, a plasticizer derived from epoxidized palm oil containing not more than 2% oxirane oxygen content, a neutralizing agent derived from calcium stearate and a vulcanization agent derived from sulphur.
  • the tyre tread manufactured from the rubber compound of this invention exhibits low rolling resistance, good abrasion and wear resistance and improved wet traction performance.
  • the rubber may comprise about 40 parts by weight of epoxidized natural rubber and about 60 parts by weight of natural rubber, about 20 to about 80 parts by weight carbon black, about 20 to about 80 parts by weight silica, about 5 to about 30 parts by weight of epoxidized palm oil containing not more than 2% oxirane oxygen content, about 1 to about 5 parts by weight of calcium stearate and about 1.8 parts by weight of sulphur.
  • the rubber compound may comprise about 10 to about 90 parts by weight of epoxidized natural rubber and about 10 to about 90 parts by weight of natural rubber.
  • the rubber compound may comprise about 100 parts by weight of epoxidized natural rubber, about 20 to about 80 parts by weight carbon black, about 20 to about 80 parts by weight silica, about 5 to about 30 parts by weight of epoxidized palm oil containing not more than 2% oxirane oxygen content, about 1 to about 5 parts by weight of calcium stea rate and about 1.8 parts by weight of sulphur vulcanization agent.
  • the epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) used may be ENR with 25 mole% epoxide content.
  • the carbon black may be of a type selected from a group comprising super abrasion furnace (SAF), intermediate SAF (ISAF), high abrasion furnace (HAF) and/or easy processing channel (EPC).
  • SAF super abrasion furnace
  • IHF intermediate SAF
  • HAF high abrasion furnace
  • EPC easy processing channel
  • the silica may be fumed silica or hydrated amorphous silica.
  • the plasticizer used may be epoxidized palm oil containing from about 1.8 to about 2.0% oxirane oxygen content. In another embodiment of the present invention, the plasticizer used may be epoxidized palm oil containing less than 1% oxirane oxygen content.
  • the compound may further comprise zinc oxide and/or stearic acid as vulcanization activators.
  • the zinc oxide may be present in an amount ranging from about 1 to about 5 parts by weight.
  • the compound may further comprise vulcanization accelerators such as guanidine, sulphonamide, thiazole, and/or thiuram.
  • vulcanization accelerators such as guanidine, sulphonamide, thiazole, and/or thiuram.
  • the compound may contain about 1.5 to about 2.5 parts by weight of vulcanization accelerator.
  • the compound may further comprise an anti-ageing agent in an amount from about 1 to about 3 parts by weight.
  • the anti-ageing agent may be N-(l,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine.
  • the compound may further comprise anti-degradant agents in an amount from about 1 to about 3 parts by weight.
  • the anti-degradant agent may be 2,2,4- trimethyl-l,2-dihydroquinoline.
  • a method for producing the rubber compound of the present invention comprises the following steps: i) providing an appropriate amount of natural rubber based polymers into a mixing device;
  • step (iii) adding the vulcanization agent to the mixture of step (ii);
  • step (iii) heating the resultant mixture of step (iii) to vulcanize the compound.
  • Adding the dual-filler system in at least two separate stages facilitates in dispersing and distributing the silica and carbon black efficiently into the rubber component by reducing the interaction of silica particles with other silica particles while maximizing the interaction of silica particles with the rubber elastomers resulting in better reinforcement properties.
  • the mixing device used in the above method may be an internal mixer and/or a two-roll mill.
  • addition of the dual-filler system may be carried out before the nonproductive mixing stage of step (ii).
  • the dual-filler system of step (ii) may comprise 0.5:0.5 by weight ratio of carbon black and silica which may be added in two separate stages.
  • the dual-filler system of step (ii) may be added in three separate stages with 0.5:0.5 by weight ratio of carbon black and silica added during the first stage; 0.125:0.125 by weight ratio added during the second stage; and 0.375:0.375 by weight ratio added during the third stage.
  • step (i) to step (ii) may be conducted at a temperature ranging from about 30 °C to about 180 °C.
  • step (iv) may be conducted at a temperature ranging from about 100 °C to about 190 °C.
  • a vulcanization activator such as zinc oxide and/or stearic acid may be further added in step (iii).
  • an anti-ageing agent may be further added in step (ii).
  • an anti-degradant agent may be further added in step (ii).
  • a motorcycle tyre comprising a body and a tread wherein the tread is produced from the rubber compound of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a rubber compound for the manufacture of motorcycle tyre treads, the method of producing the rubber compound and the motorcycle tyre tread made from the rubber compound.
  • Rubber Compound for the manufacture of motorcycle tyre treads, the method of producing the rubber compound and the motorcycle tyre tread made from the rubber compound.
  • TTie rubber compound mainly comprises a rubber component derived from natural rubber based polymers, a dual-filler system consisting of carbon black and silica, a plasticizer derived from epoxidized palm oil containing not more than 2% oxirane oxygen content, a neutralizing agent derived from calcium stearate and a vulcanization agent derived from sulphur.
  • the rubber component of the present invention comprises of at least one natural rubber based polymers.
  • the rubber based polymers may be solely epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) or a mixture of ENR and natural rubber in a suitable ratio.
  • the rubber component may comprise an amount of 40 parts by weight of ENR and 60 parts by weight of natural rubber or 10 parts by weight of ENR and 90 parts by weight of natural rubber.
  • the rubber component may comprise 100 parts by weight of ENR.
  • Natural rubber is more elastomeric in nature compared to synthetic rubbers and promotes higher tensile properties in the resultant rubber compound. This in turn aids in improving tackiness of the compound without the need for addition of a tackifying resin.
  • the natural rubber used may be of any suitable grade such as Standard Malaysian Rubber (SMR).
  • ENR is less elastomeric in nature in comparison to natural rubber due to the presence of epoxide groups and this leads to better compatibility when mixed with silica, thus reducing the need for a coupling agent and providing better hysteresis performance.
  • the ENR used may be of any suitable grade and preferably of about 25 mole% epoxide content such as EKOPRENATM25.
  • silica and carbon black may be used as a reinforcing agent for rubber compounds.
  • silica when silica is used alone and in high amounts for a rubber compound, it will lead to poor reinforcement characteristics compared to using carbon black alone. This is due to the nature of silica having stronger interaction with other silica particles rather than rubber particles. Rubber compounds reinforced with silica alone also exhibit poor processability and low abrasion resistance.
  • a dual-filler svstem consisrina of carbon black and silica that inrrease the ahra inn Any suitable type of carbon black may be used.
  • the carbon black used for tyre production has a specific area for nitrogen adsorption of 30 ml/lOOg to 200 ml/lOOg and an adsorption amount of compressed dibutyl phthalate (DBP) of 30 ml/lOOg to 150 ml/lOOg.
  • DBP compressed dibutyl phthalate
  • EExamples of suitable carbon black are Super Abrasion Furnace (SAF), Intermediate SAF (ISAF), High Abrasion Furnace (HAF) and Easy Processing Channel (EPC).
  • the amount of carbon black added to the rubber component may be 20 to 80 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 40 parts by weight. Carbon black improves reinforcement of the rubber compound and also the abrasion resistance of the tyre produced from the rubber compound.
  • silica Any suitable type of silica may be used in the present invention.
  • Silica grades such as fumed silica or hydrated amorphous silica may be used and are known and commercially available.
  • the silica used in the present invention is Zeosil® 1165MP.
  • the amount of silica added together with the carbon black to the rubber component may be 20 to 80 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 40 parts by weight.
  • Silica improves reinforcement of the rubber compound and traction and rolling resistance of the tyre produced.
  • Common processing oils used in industry include aromatic, paraffinic, naphthenic, bio- based oils (other than castor oil), and low Polycyclic Aromatic (PCA) oils such as Mild Extract Solvate (MES), Treated Distillate Aromatic Extract (TDAE), Residual Aromatic Extract (RAE) and heavy naphthenic oils.
  • PCA Polycyclic Aromatic
  • MES Mild Extract Solvate
  • TDAE Treated Distillate Aromatic Extract
  • RAE Residual Aromatic Extract
  • Suitable low PCA oils include those having a polycyclic aromatic content of less than 3 percent by weight as determined by IP346 test method. However, all of these processing oils derived from crude oil are deemed carcinogenic.
  • the plasticizer consisting of epoxidized palm oil is used as processing oil of the rubber compound of the present invention.
  • Epoxidized palm oil is produced by the epoxidation of palm oil, where typically, a fraction of the double bond in the palm oil is epoxidized, converting the palm oil fatty acids to epoxide functional groups such as oxirane.
  • Any epoxidized palm oil containing not more than 2% oxirane oxygen content may be used in this invention, for example, epoxidized palm oil containing between 1.8 to 2% oxirane oxygen content and more preferably less than 1% oxirane oxygen content. 5 to 30 parts by weight of epoxidized palm oil may be added to the rubber component.
  • Commercially available epoxidized palm oil such as Rovpro® 5300 and 5301 from Rovski Industries Sdn. Bhd. may be used.
  • epoxidized palm oil with not more than 2% oxirane oxygen content provides the rubber compound with high abrasion resistance without compromising tack retention.
  • An increased acidity of the compound causes a bloom experience which reduces the tack of the rubber component.
  • a bloom experience is when sulphur rises to the surface of the rubber instead of dispersing within the rubber compound affecting the tack retention of the rubber compound's surface.
  • a neutralizing agent that acts as a base addition is lised in this invention.
  • the neutralizing agent used is calcium stearate which may be added in an amount of 1 to 5 parts by weight.
  • the neutralizing agent acts as a scorch safety agent during the vulcanization process.
  • the acidity of the rubber compound causes the ring-opening of the epoxy group of ENR during the coagulation of the rubber. This causes the rubber compound to lose its ageing resistance. When the acidity of the rubber compound is neutralized, the rubber is able to coagulate efficiently and form stronger bonds and increasing ageing resistance.
  • the vulcanization agent used for vulcanization of the rubber compound of this invention is sulphur.
  • the sulphur is added at an amount of 1.8 parts by weight to the mixture.
  • Heat is applied to the mixture by any known technique to activate the vulcanization process.
  • Any suitable vulcanization activators may be used.
  • the vulcanization activators used may be zinc oxide and/or stearic acid which may be used independently or in any combination thereof.
  • the activators may be added in an amount of 1 to 5 parts by weight and preferably, 3 to 5 parts by weight of zinc oxide and 1 to 3 parts by weight of stearic acid Any suitable vulcanization accelerators may be used.
  • the vulcanization accelerators used may be selected from a group consisting of guanidine, sulphonamide, thiazole and thiuram and the like, which may be used independently or in any combination thereof. These accelerators may be added in an amount of 1.5 to 2.5 parts by weight.
  • the vulcanization activators are preferably added to the compound before the vulcanization process.
  • the vulcanization agent and vulcanization accelerators are added later to avoid any premature vulcanization of the rubber compound which may cause hardening and result in reduced processability of the compound.
  • the compound may also be selectively mixed with further components such as anti-ageing agents and anti-degradant agents.
  • the anti-ageing agent used may comprise N-(l,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine added in 1 to 3 parts by weight to the compound.
  • anti-degradant agent Any suitable anti-degradant agent may be used.
  • the anti-degradant agent used may comprise 2,2,4-trimethyl-l,2-dihydroquinoline added in 1 to 3 parts by weight to the compound of the present invention.
  • the method for producing the rubber compound of the present invention mainly comprises the following steps:
  • step (iii) adding said vulcanization agent to the mixture of step (ii);
  • step (iii) heating the resultant mixture of step (iii) to vulcanize the compound.
  • any suitable mixing device may be used. Two types of mixing devices are used in the mpfhnri fnr nrnrinrinn fhp n ihhpr rnmnni inH nf fhk invpnfinn Thp firc;t- miYinn MQPH Anti-ageing agents and anti-degradant agents may be selectively added in step (ii).
  • the dual-filler system may be added in at least two separate stages before or during the non-productive mixing stage of step (ii).
  • the dual-filler system may be added into the mixing device at any ratio that incorporates, disperses and distributes the silica and carbon black efficiently into the rubber component.
  • the dual-filler system of step (ii) may be added in two separate stages comprising 0.5:0.5 by weight ratio of carbon black and silica each stage.
  • the dual-filler system of step (ii) may be added in three separate stages with 0.5:0.5 by weight ratio of carbon black and silica added during the first stage; 0.125:0.125 by weight ratio added during the second stage; and 0.375:0.375 by weight ratio added during the third stage.
  • Adding the dual-filler system in stages will reduce the interaction of silica particles with other silica particles while maximizing the interaction of silica particles with the rubber elastomers. This will result in better reinforcement properties between the silica particles and rubber elastomers and removing the need for a tackifying resin.
  • the vulcanization agent is added in step (iii) to the resultant rubber mixture of step (ii).
  • the non-productive mixing stage of step (i) and step (ii) is subjected to a thermomechanical mixing step conducted at a temperature ranging from 30 °C to 180 °C.
  • the thermomechanical mixing step comprises a period of suitable mixing time in a mixing device to produce a rubber compound with ooney viscosity ranges of 55 Mooney Unit to 70 Mooney Unit (at 100 °C).
  • the productive mixing stage of steps (iii) is typically conducted at a temperature lower than the mixing temperature of the preceding productive mixing stages.
  • the vulcanization process may be conducted at a temperature ranging from 100 °C to 190 °C with curina time of about 5 to 20 minutes deoendina on the tvne nf mntorcvrle steam or hot air.
  • the vulcanization curing time for the present invention is about 15 minutes at an operating temperature of 150 °C.
  • motorcycle tyre manufactured using the rubber compound of the present invention does not contain any synthetic rubbers or any crude oil based plasticizers.
  • motorcycle tyres manufactured from the compound of this invention comprising natural rubber derived polymers exhibit low rolling resistance, good abrasion and wear resistance and improved wet traction performance as will be shown in the following examples.
  • the rubber compound of the present invention is advantageous for the manufacture of motorcycle tyres due to its low rolling resistance, good abrasion and wear resistance, and improved wet traction properties. This is especially useful when the motorcycle tyre is used on off-road surfaces, poorly maintained roads or laterite roads which are not optimal surfaces for a normal tyre to operate.
  • the rubber compound of the present invention has a wet traction index of 177 to 263 which aids in reducing the occurrence of aquaplaning. This usually occurs on wet roads with improper drainage design where excess amounts of water forms a layer between the tyre and the road which affects the traction performance of the tyres.
  • the rubber compound of this invention exhibits high tensile strengths of 23.1 to 27.4 MPa and elongation of 510 to 577%. Since motorcycle tyre treads are generally much thinner than normal tyres used in larger vehicles, the rubber compound must withstand higher physical forces applied onto the surface of the tread especially during off-road use without puncturing.
  • the rubber compound must generally resist wear and tear for at least a sufficient period of time before needing a change of tyre.
  • the rubber compound of this invention has a crescent tear value of 107 to 120 N/mm. Being generally thinner than normal tyres, the rubber compound of a motorcycle tyre would wear off quickly if the abrasion resistance of the rubber compound is low and the rolling resistance is high.
  • the rubber compound of the nresenf invention nroviries hiah abrasion resistance index nf 80 rn 9 and low rnllinn resistance index of 86 to 115 which is particularly suitable for the manufacture of motorcycle tyre treads.
  • the motorcycle tyre manufactured using the rubber compound of the present invention comprises major raw material components derived solely from sustainable sources. Reliance on crude oil and fossil fuels is reduced and impact to the environment is greatly lowered.
  • SBR Styrene Butadiene Rubber (Nipol® 1502 - Zeon);
  • ENR 25 Epoxidised Natural Rubber with 25% mole epoxidation (EKOPRENATM - Malaysian Rubber Board); 8 EPO: Epoxidised Palm Oil with less than 1% oxirane oxygen content (ROVPRO® 5301 - Rovski Industries Sdn Bhd);
  • EPO Epoxidised Palm Oil with 1.8 - 2.0% oxirane oxygen content (ROVPRO® 5300 - Rovski Industries Sdn Bhd);
  • nT Q anti-degradant agent: 2,2,4-Trimethyl-l,2-dihydroquinoline (Flectol® - Flexsys);
  • Blend 1 is a control rubber composition.
  • Blends 2, 3, 4 and 5 are comparative rubber compositions.
  • Blends 2 to 5 are epoxidized natural rubber compositions reinforced with a dual-filler system and naphthenic type process oil with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content of less than 10 ppm.
  • Blends 6 and 7 is epoxidized natural rubber and natural rubber blend elastomeric composition reinforced with a dual-filler system and mixed with epoxidized palm oil that has no polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content.
  • Tangent delta (tan ⁇ ) is expressed by the ratio of the energy lost as heat (loss modulus - G") versus the energy stored (storage modulus - G 7 ). This ratio represents the mechanical loss angle.
  • the mechanical loss angle is expressed as G"/G'.
  • good wet traction or wet grip is predicted by a high value for tan ⁇ at 0°C.
  • Low rolling resistance is predicted by low tan ⁇ value at temperatures of 60 °C or higher.
  • Good (high) wet traction and low rolling resistance will require a compromise between the two physical properties.
  • Tan ⁇ was measured under conditions of temperatures ranging from 0°C and 60°C with initial strain of 10%, a dynamic strain of ⁇ 0.1% and a frequency of 10 Hz by employing a Rheometric Scientific Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analyser (DMTA) IV.
  • DMTA Rheometric Scientific Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analyser
  • a Hampden Abrasion instrument was used to measure according to the DIN standard 53516. The amount of abrasion was measured under a predetermined condition with temperatures of 20°C.
  • blends 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 have high tensile strength and good elongation at break. However, only blends 2, 6 and 7 exhibit moderate hardness value which are preferable for motorcycle tyre tread applications.
  • the crosslinked manufactured product obtained from the rubber composition shows significant improvement in wet traction except for blends 4, 5, 6 and 7 with slight reduction on rolling resistance.
  • Lower rolling resistance indicates less drag force which equates to lower energy consumption and enhanced fuel economy.
  • Factors taken into consideration to improve the fuel economy of a particular tyre include tyre design and inflation pressure of the tyre during operation. Other factors such as vehicle weight, vehicle aerodynamic design and alignment of vehicle's tandem and steer axles will affect the fuel economy performance as well.
  • blends 6 and 7 exhibits significant improvement on tensile properties, elongation at break and tear strength that indicates better cut resistance compared to blend 1.
  • Blends 6 and 7 shows better performance for wet traction and cut resistance performance compared to synthetic rubber elastomeric composition as indicated by blend 1.
  • blends 6 and 7 comprising natural rubber based polymers reinforced with a dual- filler system and mixed with epoxidized palm oil indicate excellent wet traction and cut resistance performance while exhibiting low rolling resistance and good abrasion resistance properties.
  • Blend 7 shows the best physical properties for a motorcycle tyre tread although it has a slightly lower abrasion and wet traction index. Other physical properties are significantly better than that of blend 6 and hence, it is surmised that a rubber compound with blend 7 would be able to perform as well, if not better than the tyre tread from the rubber compound of blend 6.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract

Cette invention concerne un composé de caoutchouc pour la fabrication de bandes de roulement de pneus de motocycles comprenant un composant caoutchouc dérivé de polymères à base de caoutchouc naturel, un système de double charge constitué de noir de carbone et de silice, un plastifiant dérivé d'une huile de palme époxydée ayant une teneur en oxygène d'oxiranne inférieure ou égale à 2 %, un agent de neutralisation dérivé du stéarate de calcium et un agent de vulcanisation dérivé du soufre. Le composé de caoutchouc selon l'invention a une faible résistance au roulement, une bonne résistance à l'abrasion et à l'usure et une performance en traction sur route humide améliorée. Le procédé de production du composé de caoutchouc précité est également décrit, le procédé comprenant le chargement d'une quantité appropriée de polymères à base de caoutchouc naturel dans un dispositif de mélange, puis le mélange du composant caoutchouc avec le plastifiant et l'agent de neutralisation, avec ajout simultané d'un système de charge à deux composants au moment approprié en au moins deux étapes distinctes. Le mélange est ensuite additionné à l'agent de vulcanisation et chauffé pour vulcaniser le composé. Cette invention concerne également une bande de roulement de pneu de motocycle comprenant une carcasse et une bande de roulement, la bande de roulement étant fabriquée à partir du composé de caoutchouc ci-dessus.
PCT/MY2013/000098 2012-05-16 2013-05-16 Composé de caoutchouc pour la production de bandes de roulement de pneus de motocycles, son procédé de production et bande de roulement de pneu de motocycle ainsi obtenue WO2013172699A1 (fr)

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MYPI2012002161 2012-05-16
MYPI2012002161A MY176032A (en) 2012-05-16 2012-05-16 A rubber compound for the production of motorcycle tyre treads, process for producing the rubber compound and the motorcycle tyre tread produced

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WO2015077769A1 (fr) * 2013-11-25 2015-05-28 Kior, Inc. Biocompositions de résidu dérivé du pétrole non cancérogènes et renouvelables, et leurs procédés de fabrication et d'utilisation
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US10179479B2 (en) 2015-05-19 2019-01-15 Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc Plant oil-containing rubber compositions, tread thereof and race tires containing the tread
US10626255B2 (en) 2015-06-04 2020-04-21 Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc Pneumatic tire having advantageous low temperature performance characteristics
CN113334994A (zh) * 2016-10-28 2021-09-03 倍耐力轮胎股份公司 摩托车轮胎
CN109369982A (zh) * 2018-10-30 2019-02-22 双钱集团（江苏）轮胎有限公司 提高撕裂性能的轮胎面胶料的生产工艺
JP7439483B2 (ja) 2019-12-05 2024-02-28 住友ゴム工業株式会社 二輪車用タイヤ

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