WO2013162405A1 - Matériau composite à couches multiples (variantes) - Google Patents

Matériau composite à couches multiples (variantes) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013162405A1
WO2013162405A1 PCT/RU2012/000393 RU2012000393W WO2013162405A1 WO 2013162405 A1 WO2013162405 A1 WO 2013162405A1 RU 2012000393 W RU2012000393 W RU 2012000393W WO 2013162405 A1 WO2013162405 A1 WO 2013162405A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bamboo
fragments
layer
mesh
cloth
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2012/000393
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Александр Витольдович МАЛИЦКИЙ
Original Assignee
Malitskiy Alexander Vitoldovich
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Malitskiy Alexander Vitoldovich filed Critical Malitskiy Alexander Vitoldovich
Publication of WO2013162405A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013162405A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the production of glued laminated structures and can be used for the manufacture of small-sized wall materials, small-sized prefabricated structures, elements of building structures and the structures themselves, as well as elements of floor and roof coverings, false and false ceilings, carpentry and furniture panels.
  • the invention considers a composite laminate or a layered structure, in which the term “composite” refers to the so-called composite material or composite - an artificially created inhomogeneous continuous material consisting of two or more components, different in physical and chemical properties, which remain separate at the macroscopic level in the finish structure.
  • the mechanical behavior of the composite is determined by the ratio of the properties of the reinforcing elements and the matrix (only in the value of the binder in the composite material), as well as the strength of the bond between them.
  • the effectiveness and operability of the material depend on the correct choice of the starting components and the technology of their connection, designed to provide a strong bond between the components while maintaining their original characteristics.
  • bamboo to replace wood reduces the weight of solid wood and wood-based composite materials by about 40%, reaching a density of up to 250 kg / m3, and can significantly reduce the internal stress in such laminated materials, which often leads to deformation of the panels in violation of manufacturing technology or when exposed to stress and atmospheric conditions.
  • Composite material is also known from bamboo, containing two surface layers made of sheet material, and an internal filler placed between them, the internal filler being made in the form of a cellular honeycomb structure, the sheet material being made in the form of bamboo panels, the inner filler consists of one and more layers, honeycomb cells are made in the form of cylinders made of bamboo, cardboard or plastic, between the layers of the internal filler layers of sheet material are placed in the form of panels of bamboo, plywood, cardboard or paper, and between layers of sheet material and honeycomb cells in the form of cylinders of bamboo a reinforcing mesh of fiberglass or plastic or metal is placed and layers of glue or adhesive are applied that connect the sheet material to the cylinders from bamboo, cardboard or plastic (RU M> 103548, ⁇ 04 ⁇ 2 / 00, published on 04/20/2011 1). This decision was made as a prototype for all declared facilities.
  • the present invention aims to achieve a technical
  • At least one inner layer placed between them made in the form of a reinforced honeycomb cellular structure made of bamboo fragments in the form of rings or cylinders obtained transversely by cutting a bamboo stem, a fiberglass mesh or fiberglass cloth was used to reinforce the honeycomb structure cellular honeycomb structure formed by the placement of fragments bamboo with the orientation of the direction of their fiber perpendicular to the surface of the surface layer and laid on a grid or canvas and top closed with another mesh or canvas.
  • the specified technical result for the third embodiment is achieved by the fact that in a composite layered material containing layers interconnected by means of glue or adhesive, followed by curing, each made in the form of a reinforced honeycomb cellular structure from fragments of bamboo in the form of rings or cylinders obtained transversely by cutting a bamboo stalk, or in the form of plates or chips from bamboo walls, obtained by cutting a bamboo stalk along the walls and across the stalk, to reinforce each cellular honeycomb the structures used a fiberglass mesh or fiberglass cloth, while the honeycomb cellular structure is laid on a grid or cloth and covered with another mesh or cloth on top, and in each next layer bamboo fragments are laid on a mesh or cloth covering bamboo fragments in the first layer, and on top closed with an additional mesh or canvas to form a composite block in the form of a parallelepiped or cube.
  • the specified technical result for the fourth embodiment is achieved by the fact that in the composite layered material containing two surface layers of sheet material bonded to each other by means of glue or adhesive and then cured, at least one inner layer is placed between them, made in the form of reinforced honeycomb cellular structure from fragments of bamboo in the form of plates or chips from the walls of bamboo obtained by cutting a bamboo stalk along the walls and across the stalk for reinforcing Ia honeycomb cell structure used fiberglass mesh or web of glass fibers, wherein the honeycomb cellular structure is formed by disposing bamboo fragments with their fiber orientation directions perpendicular to the surface of the surface layer W
  • the specified technical result for the fifth embodiment is achieved by the fact that in a composite layered material containing at least 5 layers made in the form of a reinforced honeycomb cellular structure of bamboo fragments in the form of rings or cylinders obtained transversely by cutting a bamboo stem, or in the form plates or chips from the walls of bamboo, obtained by cutting the bamboo stem along the walls and across the stem, characterized in that a fiberglass mesh was used to reinforce the honeycomb cellular structure but made of fiberglass, while the honeycomb cellular structure is laid on a grid or canvas and is covered by another mesh or canvas from above.
  • FIG. 1 is a first embodiment of a composite material
  • FIG. 2 is a second example of a composite material
  • FIG. 3 is a third example of a composite material
  • FIG. 4 is a fourth embodiment of a composite material
  • 25 of FIG. 5 is a fifth example of a composite material
  • FIG. 6 fragment execution of the inner layer
  • FIG. 7 the inner layer in the form of a grid of bamboo planks
  • FIG. 8 inner layer in the form of a grid of bamboo planks superimposed on each other.
  • a layered composite material which can be used for the manufacture of panels or structural elements for a wide range of purposes.
  • a feature of the composite material is its reduced weight with high strength characteristics and high bearing capacity, which is due to the fact that natural bamboo is used as the starting material, which fills the cavity in the form of fragments (individual parts in the form of rings, cylinders 1, plates 2 of the walls) panels. Fragments of bamboo can withstand high loads both along the fiber and across the fiber.
  • the composite laminate has a multilayer construction and in the example shown in FIG. 1, consists of three layers: two outer layers 3 and 4, which are surface and reinforcing, and one inner layer 5, made in the form of a honeycomb cellular structure of bamboo fragments in the form of rings or cylinders 1, obtained transversely by cutting a bamboo stem, or in the form plates 2 or wood chips from bamboo walls obtained by cutting a bamboo stem along the walls and across the stem.
  • a fiberglass mesh 6 or a fiberglass web was used for this example of execution and for all subsequent examples of execution.
  • honeycomb honeycomb structure is laid on a grid 6 or a web on which a layer of glue 7 or adhesive is applied, and on top it is covered with another grid 6 or a cloth, on the side of which facing the honeycomb structure a layer of glue 7 or adhesive is also applied.
  • the outer layers 3 and 4 made of fiberglass mesh 6 or fiberglass fabric, are also reinforcement layers.
  • adhesives are used, which are usually used in the manufacture of parquet boards or glues veneer on a furniture surface. Due to the variety of such products, this type of adhesive or adhesive is not specified in the framework of this application.
  • Such a composite material is a panel of a given size, whose internal structure, made of bamboo fragments, determines the mechanical properties of this product.
  • the panel accepts loads well in directions that coincide both with the direction of the bamboo fiber and across these fibers, and these are just the loads transverse to the panel, which allows such a panel to be considered as a building laminated sheet material with high bearing capacity.
  • Such a panel has a reduced weight, which is determined, in fact, by the weight of the bamboo itself (bamboo has a low density of about 500 kg / m 3 , the weight of the fiberglass mesh is 135 grams per square meter, and the weight of the fiberglass cloth is 473 grams per square meter) . Since a fiberglass mesh or cloth, having flexibility before interacting with glue or a binder, is practically not affected by aggressive media and does not have elasticity, monolithization of the entire layered structure occurs after the glue dries or the polymerisation of the adhesive.
  • the mechanical properties that is, the bearing capacity of a panel of composite material, can be multiplied by an almost small increase in weight due to an increase in the number of layers of the honeycomb structure.
  • a panel is first formed, as described with reference to the product of FIG. 1, and then a second layer is formed.
  • the mesh 6 or the web covering the bamboo fragments in the first layer is covered with a layer of glue 7 or adhesive.
  • the bamboo fragments are laid on a net or cloth covering the bamboo fragments in the first layer, and on top they are covered with an additional net or cloth, the back of which also carries a layer of glue or adhesive.
  • a panel with two or more inner layers becomes a monolithic structure.
  • layers with bamboo fragments can be located in the same direction as their fibers (Fig. 3) or in one layer bamboo fragments can be located in the direction of their fibers, different from the direction of fibers of bamboo fragments in another layer or other layers (Fig. 5). Moreover, in the inner layer, at least part of the bamboo fragments can be located with the direction of their fibers different from the direction of the fibers of the other part of bamboo fragments in this layer (an example is not shown illustratively).
  • the material takes the form of a composite block in the form of a parallelepiped or a cube (Fig. 4).
  • Such blocks are convenient, since I then allow using a saw to saw it into separate panels 8 in any direction of the block, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the first basic three-layer fragment is formed: the honeycomb cellular structure of bamboo fragments is laid on a mesh or fiberglass cloth and covered with another same mesh or cloth on top, and in each next layer the bamboo fragments are laid on a mesh or cloth covering the bamboo fragments in the previous layer, and on top they cover with an additional mesh or canvas for the formation of a composite block.
  • the bonding of nets or webs with fragments of bamboo is carried out by means of glue or adhesive, which are applied in layers to a net or canvas.
  • a feature of the application of flexible mesh or non-woven flexible fabric made of glass fibers is that in the polymerization of the glue or adhesive mesh is placed on the layer of bamboo pieces and eliminates the unevenness of the honeycomb structure.
  • the use of a mesh or nonwoven fabric made of fiberglass allows for air permeability of a separate three-layer panel, as well as a multilayer panel and a building block of such layers. This allows you to get a ventilated structure on the one hand, and noise- and
  • FIG. 2 shows a composite laminate comprising bonded together by means of glue or adhesive with
  • the surface layers may be made of cardboard or paper or plastic or wood or bamboo. Depending on the type
  • 25 material of the surface layer can be obtained at the exit of furniture panels, parquet board, decorative panels, etc.
  • the thickness of such panels is determined by the sum of the thicknesses of each of the layers, which allows you to vary this parameter depending on the application.
  • honeycomb cellular structures can be used as zo fragments of bamboo parts of it in the form of rings or cylinders 1 obtained transversely by cutting a bamboo stalk, or in the form of plates 2 or wood chips from bamboo walls, obtained by cutting a bamboo stalk along the walls and across the stalk.
  • variations in the location of these fragments in cellular cellular structures are diverse.
  • bamboo fragments in the form of rings or cylinders may be offset with respect to bamboo fragments in the form of rings or cylinders in the first inner layer.
  • fragments of bamboo in the form of rings or cylinders can be located adjacent to each other by walls or are located relative to each other with a gap between the walls.
  • at least part of the bamboo fragments in the form of rings or cylinders are located adjacent to each other by the walls.
  • the middle layer can be made of bamboo cylinders on the principle of "one in another", i.e. according to the principle of "nested dolls".
  • cylinder 1 or a bamboo ring the same cylinder 1 or a ring of bamboo, but of a smaller diameter, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • This option allows cylinders (rings) of large bamboo diameter to more easily “select” the volume of products. And to increase strength, a small one is inserted inside such a cylinder.
  • the arrangement of the cylinders in the middle layer can be either ordered or chaotic.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a material with an inner layer made in the form of a single-level grid composed of intersecting bamboo strips
  • FIG. 8 is the same as in FIG. 9. only the grid is two-level: at the lower level, the bamboo strips are placed distantly relative to each other with the same direction, and at the upper level the same styling, but the strips are directed in the other direction - crosswise.
  • the composite material can be modified to exclude one of the layers of the fiberglass mesh.
  • one layer of mesh or fiberglass cloth is laid in an orderly or chaotic manner cylinders or rings made, for example, of different heights, but their position is ordered or chaotic, which allows you to create an artistic ornament.
  • This feature allows you to create a composite layered material in which fragments of bamboo in the form of rings or cylinders or plates of walls are made of different heights and laid out on a fiberglass coated with glue or abrasive mesh or fiberglass cloth in the form of an ornament or pattern.
  • the proposed design of the building and finishing composite material makes it possible to obtain panels of any thickness and structure with low weight, while the design is sufficiently rigid to be used as load-bearing plates.
  • the proposed device allows you to reliably protect the interior from temperature fluctuations and external noise, and thereby increase heat and sound insulation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne la production de structures encollées à couches multiples. Le matériau composite à couches multiples comprend deux couches de surface liées entre elles au moyen d'une colle ou d'un adhésif qui durcit par la suite, ces couches étant réalisées chacune à partir d'un matériau en feuille et comprenant au moins une couche interne réalisée sous forme de structure alvéolaire cellulaire armée constituée de fragments de bambou en forme de plaquettes ou de copeaux de bambou obtenus par la coupe d'une tige de bambou le long des parois et en travers de la tige. Pour armer la structure alvéolaire cellulaire on utilise un filet souple en fibres de verre ou en toile souple en fibres de verre, la structure alvéolaire cellulaire étant formée par la disposition des fragments de bambou avec une orientation de leur fibres perpendiculairement au plan de la couche de surface et posée par-dessus le filet ou la toile puis recouverte par un autre filet ou une autre toile.
PCT/RU2012/000393 2012-04-24 2012-05-17 Matériau composite à couches multiples (variantes) WO2013162405A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2012116393/03A RU2529687C2 (ru) 2012-04-24 2012-04-24 Композитный слоистый материал (варианты)
RU2012116393 2012-04-24

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017194630A1 (fr) 2016-05-12 2017-11-16 Air Bamboo Industrial Gmbh Élément de construction comprenant des panneaux de recouvrement et des segments de tube constitués d'un matériau dérivé du bois
WO2018019789A1 (fr) * 2016-07-25 2018-02-01 Eco-Technilin Sas Matériau composite stratifié et procédé de fabrication d'un matériau composite stratifié
WO2020216871A1 (fr) * 2019-04-25 2020-10-29 Markus Bard Panneau de matériau
CN114293726A (zh) * 2022-01-06 2022-04-08 福建永中利实业有限公司 一种住宅室内装饰用环保复合墙板
EP3224040B1 (fr) * 2015-08-04 2022-05-18 Mock Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH Nervure, panneau stratifié, bloc stratifié et procédé de fabrication de ceux-ci

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2596236C1 (ru) * 2015-03-25 2016-09-10 Александр Витольдович Малицкий Камерная деревянная строительная панель
CN205136858U (zh) * 2015-09-08 2016-04-06 浙江鑫宙竹基复合材料科技有限公司 一种预制竹复合管廊
RU196079U1 (ru) * 2019-05-17 2020-02-14 Алексей Владимирович Старцев Изолирующая панель

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2234935A (en) * 1989-07-20 1991-02-20 Wa Chu Laminated board including bamboo
RU103548U1 (ru) * 2010-12-23 2011-04-20 Александр Витольдович Малицкий Строительно-отделочная панель из натурального бамбука
RU110110U1 (ru) * 2011-05-27 2011-11-10 Александр Витольдович Малицкий Панель из натурального бамбука

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7842629B2 (en) * 2003-06-27 2010-11-30 Johns Manville Non-woven glass fiber mat faced gypsum board and process of manufacture

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2234935A (en) * 1989-07-20 1991-02-20 Wa Chu Laminated board including bamboo
RU103548U1 (ru) * 2010-12-23 2011-04-20 Александр Витольдович Малицкий Строительно-отделочная панель из натурального бамбука
RU110110U1 (ru) * 2011-05-27 2011-11-10 Александр Витольдович Малицкий Панель из натурального бамбука

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3224040B1 (fr) * 2015-08-04 2022-05-18 Mock Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH Nervure, panneau stratifié, bloc stratifié et procédé de fabrication de ceux-ci
WO2017194630A1 (fr) 2016-05-12 2017-11-16 Air Bamboo Industrial Gmbh Élément de construction comprenant des panneaux de recouvrement et des segments de tube constitués d'un matériau dérivé du bois
WO2018019789A1 (fr) * 2016-07-25 2018-02-01 Eco-Technilin Sas Matériau composite stratifié et procédé de fabrication d'un matériau composite stratifié
WO2020216871A1 (fr) * 2019-04-25 2020-10-29 Markus Bard Panneau de matériau
CH716115A1 (de) * 2019-04-25 2020-10-30 Bard Markus Werkstoffplatte.
CN114293726A (zh) * 2022-01-06 2022-04-08 福建永中利实业有限公司 一种住宅室内装饰用环保复合墙板

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Publication number Publication date
RU2012116393A (ru) 2013-10-27
RU2529687C2 (ru) 2014-09-27

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