WO2013159915A1 - Reaktor und verfahren zum vergasen und/oder reinigen eines ausgangsmaterials - Google Patents
Reaktor und verfahren zum vergasen und/oder reinigen eines ausgangsmaterials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013159915A1 WO2013159915A1 PCT/EP2013/001222 EP2013001222W WO2013159915A1 WO 2013159915 A1 WO2013159915 A1 WO 2013159915A1 EP 2013001222 W EP2013001222 W EP 2013001222W WO 2013159915 A1 WO2013159915 A1 WO 2013159915A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal bath
- reactor vessel
- reactor
- starting material
- vessel
- Prior art date
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 155
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000634 wood's metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004941 influx Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015149 toffees Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/30—Loose or shaped packing elements, e.g. Raschig rings or Berl saddles, for pouring into the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/14—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot liquids, e.g. molten metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/02—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/34—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00027—Process aspects
- B01J2219/0004—Processes in series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00121—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling
- B01J2219/00123—Controlling the temperature by direct heating or cooling adding a temperature modifying medium to the reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00139—Controlling the temperature using electromagnetic heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/302—Basic shape of the elements
- B01J2219/30207—Sphere
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/30—Details relating to random packing elements
- B01J2219/304—Composition or microstructure of the elements
- B01J2219/30408—Metal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics
Definitions
- the invention relates to a reactor for gasifying and / or purifying a starting material, in particular for depolymerizing plastics material, with (a) a reactor vessel for receiving the starting material, in particular the plastics material, (b ) a metal bath disposed in the reactor vessel and comprising a liquid metallic substance having a metal bath melting temperature, a plurality of filler elements at least partially disposed in the metal bath, and (d) a heater, in particular an induction heater, for Heating the starting material in the reactor vessel. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating such a reactor.
- Such a reactor and a corresponding method are known from WO 2010/130404 and serve to depolymerize plastic material in order to make it easier to recycle.
- DE 10 2010 002 704 A1 describes a device for continuous pyrolysis of organic starting materials.
- the organic starting materials are transported through a tin bath having a temperature of about 480 ° C, whereby the endothermic pyrolysis reaction is triggered.
- the device also has an opening for supplying additional metal externally. During gasification or depolymerization, residues remain which stick to the filling elements. It is therefore usually necessary to use the filling elements in
- the invention has for its object to facilitate the cleaning of the filling elements.
- the invention solves the problem by a generic reactor having a metal bath storage device connected to the reactor vessel for withdrawing at least a portion of the metal bath from the reactor and guiding the metal bath into the reactor vessel, and comprising a metal bath conveying device wherein the conveying device has a pressure increasing unit, by means of the metal bath by applying gas pressure can be conveyed. Furthermore, the invention solves the problem by a method of operating such a reactor comprising the steps of: (i) increasing a metal bath level of the metal bath so that residuals floating on the metal bath overflow; (ii) draining the residuals through the overflow and (iii) lowering the metal bath level of the metal bath.
- An advantage of the invention is that only a small number of components of the reactor comes into contact with the metal bath. Unlike with the use of pumps, no components can be damaged by solidifying metal. Another advantage is the simple construction of the metal bath intermediate storage device, since the energy required to convey the metal bath can be applied by gas pressure.
- reactor is understood to mean, in particular, a thermocatalytic depolymerization reactor.
- This is understood to mean a reactor which is designed to thermally and / or catalytically depolymerize supplied polymers and / or to decompose them into substances having a lower melting or boiling point.
- the reactor can also be designed to clean plastic material.
- the tempera in the reactor is then preferably chosen so that the impurity decomposes, but the plastic material remains unaffected.
- the reactor vessel contains a starting material to be gasified and / or purified having a reaction temperature at which the starting material is at least partially depolymerized and / or vaporized, the starting material having a carbonization temperature, the starting material being at least partially carbonized and the metal baths being at least partially carbonized.
- the reaction temperature is to be understood as meaning, in particular, the temperature above which the starting material is gassed within at least 25% by mass within one hour.
- the carbonization temperature is understood to mean, in particular, that temperature above which at least 3% by weight of the starting material remains carbonized at a reaction time of one day, that is to say it is solid at the corresponding temperature and therefore must be discharged firmly from the reactor.
- the metal bath temperature of the metal bath is preferably above the reaction temperature and below the carbonization temperature, in particular between 350 ° C. and 600 ° C.
- the conveying device is understood to be any device by means of which the metal bath can be completely or partially removed from the reactor vessel and can be returned to it.
- the pressure booster unit is in particular a device understood the, by means of the gas is deliverable, which is under such a high pressure that the metal bath from the reactor vessel and / or is conveyed into the reactor vessel.
- the pressure increasing unit may for example have a compressed gas storage and a gas cylinder. But it is also possible that the pressure increasing unit comprises a pump, is compressed by means of the gas, which serves for conveying. It is also conceivable that the pressure increasing unit comprises two chemical substances which react with each other to evolve gas.
- the metal bath consists of Wood's metal, the Lipowitz alloy, the Newton alloy, the Lichtenberg alloy, and / or an alloy comprising gallium and indium.
- the metal bath typically has a density of at least more than 9 grams per cubic centimeter so that the starting material experiences a strong buoyancy.
- a melting temperature of the metallic substance is in particular at least 300 ° C. Preferably, the melting temperature is at most 600 ° C
- the metal bath storage device comprises a metal bath vessel spaced from the reactor vessel.
- This metal bath container is designed so that it does not react with the metal bath and is not attacked by the metal bath.
- the reactor preferably comprises a removal tube arranged centrally in the reactor vessel, by means of which residual substances floating on the metal bath can be withdrawn, the removal tube in particular comprising a ferromagnetic net tube material.
- the residuals may be, for example, organic or inorganic contaminants of the starting material or reaction products that have passed through the reactor vessel before they are fully gasified.
- the sampling tube is warmer than the surrounding metal bath. This can be achieved by the sampling tube being ferromagnetic.
- the tubing may have a tubing curie temperature that differs from a wall material Curie temperature of the reactor vessel and / or the pad Curie temperature of the padding elements by at least 10 Kelvin.
- the tubing curie temperature may be greater than the wall material Curie temperature and / or a Curie Curve temperature.
- the metal bath container is at least partially disposed below the reactor vessel so that the metal bath is at least partially drainable in the metal bath vessel. In this way, the metal bath can be easily removed from the reactor vessel.
- the pressure-increasing unit is set up to increase a pressure, in particular the gas pressure, in the metal bath container, so that the metal bath can be pushed back into the reactor vessel. It is possible, but not necessary, for the metal bath to be pressed back directly into the reactor vessel. It is also possible for the metal bath intermediate storage device to have a second or more metal bath container into which the metal bath can be circulated. It is possible, but not necessary, for the metal bath container to have a heater by means of which the metal bath can be heated. In general, the residence time of the metal bath in the metal container is so short that it does not solidify.
- the metal bath intermediate storage device comprises a metal bath tank, which is initially disposed partially above the reactor vessel, such that the metal bath is dischargeable into the reactor vessel.
- the pressure increase unit is set up to increase a pressure in the reactor vessel, so that the metal bath can be pressed into the metal bath vessel.
- the metal bath intermediate storage device comprises two metal bath containers, wherein a metal bath container is arranged so that the metal bath from the reactor vessel in this first metal bath container is drainable, wherein the metal bath intermediate storage device comprises at least a second metal bath container, from which the metal bath is discharged into the reactor vessel.
- the pressure increasing unit is configured to increase the pressure in the first metal bath tank so that metal bath can be pressurized from the lower metal bath tank into the upper metal bath tank by gas pressure.
- the volume of the at least one metal bath container prefferably be configured to completely accommodate the metal bath.
- FIG. 1 shows a reactor according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a reactor according to the invention for carrying out a method according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a reactor 10 according to the invention for gasifying starting material in the form of plastic material 12, in particular of polyolefin polymers.
- the reactor comprises an example, substantially cylindrical reactor vessel 14 for heating the plastic material 12, which is introduced via an extruder 16 in the reactor vessel 14.
- the reactor 10 comprises a heater, for example an induction heater 8, which has a plurality of coils 20.1, 20.2, 20.4, by means of which an alternating magnetic field is generated in an interior 22 of the reactor vessel 14.
- the coils 20 (reference numerals without counting suffix denote the object as such) are connected to a not shown power supply unit which applies an alternating current to the coils.
- the frequency f of the alternating current is for example in the range of 4 to 50 kHz. Higher frequencies are possible, but lead to an increase in the so-called skin effect, which is undesirable.
- a braking device 24 is arranged, by means of which the flow of liquefied plastic material 12 in the reactor vessel 14 can be slowed down.
- the braking device 24 includes a plurality of in the interior 22 movably arranged filling elements 25.1, 25.2, ... of ferromagnetic material, which are formed in the present case by balls with a spherical radius R.
- the ball radius R can be, for example, between 0.5 and 50 millimeters.
- the filling elements 25 are heated by the induction heating 18 and thus heat a metal tank 26 of liquid metal present in the reactor vessel 14.
- the statement that an object such as the filling elements are formed from ferromagnetic material always means that the object is ferromagnetic at room temperature of 23 ° C.
- the metal bath 26, together with the plastic material 12, fills at least part of the interstices of the filling elements 25.
- the metal bath 26 generally has a density of more than 9 grams per cubic centimeter, so that the plastic material 12 experiences a strong buoyancy. This buoyancy accelerates the plastic material 12.
- the filling elements 25 counteract this acceleration.
- the reactor vessel 14 there is a metal bath temperature T which is above a reaction temperature T R at which the plastic material 12 successively decomposes. Gas bubbles 28 are formed which rise upwards.
- the metal bath 26 can have a catalytic effect on the decomposition process so that the reactor 10 can be a thermocatalytic polymerization reactor.
- the supplied through the extruder 16 plastic material 12 passes through an inlet opening 30, which is preferably arranged at the bottom of the reactor vessel 14, in the interior 22nd
- the braking device 24 may include restraint devices, such as frame strained meshes, whose meshes are so small that the filler elements 25 can not pass upwardly. But that is not necessary, as a rule, the filling elements 25 are sufficient to achieve a sufficiently large braking effect.
- the distribution of the filling elements 25, in the present case the balls, is drawn purely schematically in FIG.
- FIG. 1 also shows a removal tube 36 arranged centrally in the reactor vessel 14, through which residues 38 floating on the metal bath can be removed.
- the removal tube 36 runs coaxially to a longitudinal axis L of the reactor vessel 14.
- the residual substances 38 are, for example, contaminants of the plastic material 12 and / or optionally added catalyst 32, which can be supplied together with the plastic material 2.
- the sampling tube 36 may be made of ferromagnetic tubing having a tube Curie temperature T c , 36. As a result, the removal tube 36 heats up to Tc, 36 when the induction heater 18 is operated at a sufficiently high power.
- the pipe material Curie temperature Tc, 36 may correspond, for example, to the filler element Curie temperature Tc, 25, 1, it may but also be smaller or larger. But it is also possible that the sampling tube 36 is constructed of a non-ferromagnetic material, such as titanium or non-ferromagnetic steel.
- the reactor vessel 14 is constructed at least on its side facing the interior 22 of a wall material.
- the wall material may be ferromagnetic, for example iron or magnetic steel. Alternatively, the wall material may also be non-magnetic.
- the wall material is ferromagnetic, then it has a wall material Curie temperature T C , 14. This may be less than the filling element Curie temperature Tc, 25. In this case, the wall of the reactor vessel 14 is colder than the filling elements 25 during operation.
- the sampling tube 36 is part of a contaminant drain 40. Since typical contaminants of the plastic material 12, for example sand, are lighter than the metal bath 26, they float and can be pulled off at the top.
- the contaminant removal 40 also includes a settling tank 48 in which residue 38 collects.
- the residue 38 may not contain completely depolymerized organic material in addition to inorganic material.
- the organic material floats on the inorganic material and may be recycled to the bottom of the reactor vessel 14 through a recycle line 50.
- the reactor 10 also includes a gas vent 42, which opens into a condenser 44 and withdrawing gas produced. Liquid material emerging from the condenser 44 passes into a collector 46.
- the described reactor can also be operated as a starting material instead of plastic material, for example with waste oil, and then serve for the preparation.
- FIG. 1 also shows a metal bath storage device 52 comprising a metal bath container 54.
- the metal bath intermediate storage device 52 is connected to the reactor vessel 14 at the bottom side thereof by means of a withdrawal line 56. By opening a valve 58, the metal bath 26 can be substantially completely deflated. By this is meant that, though certain residual amounts of metal bath 26 remain in the reactor vessel 14, but that these residual amounts make up only a small fraction of the total metal bath, for example less than 5%.
- the metal bath intermediate storage device 52 further comprises a pressure increasing unit 60, which in the present case comprises a gas cylinder 62 and a gas valve 63.
- the gas valve 63 can be controlled electronically by a control unit, not shown, so that the pressure p in the metal bath tank 54 can be adjusted.
- the pressure increasing unit 60 forms, together with the withdrawal conduit 56 has a conveying device 64.
- the metal bath level which is determined Hf u n by the filling level, for example, by raised that an elevated ter influx of plastic material 12 is conveyed through the extruder 16 in the reactor vessel 14.
- the pressure increasing unit 60 is activated so that liquid metal material is forced out of the metal bath tank 54 through the extraction line 56 into the reactor vessel 14.
- the metal bath level Hf ü n increases and the metal 26 floating residues 38 pass into the overflow, which is formed in the present case through the draw tube 36th
- the metal bath level of the metal bath 26 is lowered, for example, by opening a drain valve 66, so that the gas pressure p in the metal bath tank 54 decreases.
- the valve 58 is opened, part of the metal bath 26 flows into the metal bath container 54.
- a method according to the invention is additionally carried out by first conveying metal bath 26, that is to say the entire metal bath or only a part thereof, out of the reactor vessel 14 into the metal bath intermediate storage device 52, in particular into the metal bath vessel 54. This is done by opening the valve 54, the gas pressure p in the metal bath container 54 being smaller than a pressure p 2 6 of the metal bath 26 at the bottom of the reactor vessel 14. then the filling elements 25 removed and cleaned or in the reactor vessel 14, without being removed. Subsequently, the metal bath 20 is returned from the metal bath tank to the reactor vessel 14 by closing the drain valve 66 and keeping the valve 58 open and pressurizing the metal bath tank 54 with gas pressure. If a predetermined metal bath level is reached, the valve 58 is closed.
- FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a reactor 10 according to the invention, in which the metal bath container 54 is arranged above the reactor vessel 14, so that the metal bath 26 can be discharged into the reactor vessel 14.
- the pressure increasing unit 60 is filed to increase the pressure pi 4 in the reactor vessel 14 by opening a gas valve 68.
- the metal bath container 54 can be subjected to gas pressure, so that the metal bath 26, which is present in the metal bath container 54, can be conveyed completely into the reactor container 14 by applying the gas pressure p.
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (9)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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BR112014026386A BR112014026386A2 (pt) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-23 | reator e método para a gaseificação e/ou limpeza de um material de partida |
JP2015507415A JP2015521100A (ja) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-23 | 出発材料をガス化および/または精製するための反応装置および方法 |
CA2870576A CA2870576A1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-23 | Reactor and method for gasifying and/or cleaning a starting material |
EP13718509.6A EP2841532A1 (de) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-23 | Reaktor und verfahren zum vergasen und/oder reinigen eines ausgangsmaterials |
RU2014147053A RU2014147053A (ru) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-23 | Реактор и способ газификации и/или очистки исходного материала |
CN201380022093.1A CN104471031A (zh) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-23 | 用于汽化和/或清洁原始材料的反应器和方法 |
MX2014012405A MX2014012405A (es) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-23 | Reactor y metodo para la gasificacion y/o purificacion de un material de partida. |
US14/394,580 US20150087874A1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-23 | Reactor and Method for Gasifying and/or Cleaning a Starting Material |
AU2013252107A AU2013252107A1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-23 | Reactor and method for gasifying and/or cleaning a starting material |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102012008458.7 | 2012-04-24 | ||
DE102012008458A DE102012008458A1 (de) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-04-24 | Reaktor zum Vergasen und/oder Reinigen eines Ausgangsmaterials |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2013159915A1 true WO2013159915A1 (de) | 2013-10-31 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
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PCT/EP2013/001222 WO2013159915A1 (de) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-04-23 | Reaktor und verfahren zum vergasen und/oder reinigen eines ausgangsmaterials |
Country Status (11)
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US (1) | US20150087874A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2841532A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2015521100A (de) |
CN (1) | CN104471031A (de) |
AU (1) | AU2013252107A1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR112014026386A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2870576A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102012008458A1 (de) |
MX (1) | MX2014012405A (de) |
RU (1) | RU2014147053A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2013159915A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105567339B (zh) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-02-09 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种废塑料熔盐裂解塔 |
CN105524632A (zh) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-04-27 | 陈庄 | 一种利用高温液体的生物质裂解装置 |
WO2020104472A1 (de) | 2018-11-19 | 2020-05-28 | Biofabrik Hoyerswerda Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reinigung von verschmutztem altöl |
DE102020200585A1 (de) | 2020-01-20 | 2021-07-22 | Wolfgang Zauner | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Änderung des flüssigen oder festen Aggregatszustandes eines Ausgangsmaterials in einen gasförmigen Aggregatszustand |
WO2022248698A1 (de) | 2021-05-26 | 2022-12-01 | Biofabrik Black Refinery Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reinigung von altöl |
CN113976555B (zh) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-07-15 | 杭州青云新材料股份有限公司 | 一种聚合反应器高效清洗系统及清洗方法 |
Citations (6)
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US2787584A (en) * | 1954-02-04 | 1957-04-02 | Farafonow Wladimir Michael | Continuous carbonization process and apparatus for solid carbonaceous materials |
DE10212105A1 (de) * | 2002-03-11 | 2003-09-25 | Abf Entwicklungsbetr Fuer Inno | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Pyrolyse von Abfall mit organischen Bestandteilen |
DE102008008999A1 (de) * | 2007-11-26 | 2009-05-28 | Werning, Holger, Dr. | Verfahren zur thermischen Konvertierung von organischem Reststoff sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
WO2010130404A1 (de) | 2009-05-14 | 2010-11-18 | SCHLÜTER, Hartwig | Verfahren und anlage zur durchführung chemischer prozesse |
DE102010002704A1 (de) | 2010-03-09 | 2011-09-15 | Bos Technology Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Pyrolyse organischer Ausgangsstoffe |
WO2012072061A1 (de) * | 2010-11-02 | 2012-06-07 | SCHLÜTER, Hartwig | Reaktor und verfahren zum zumindest teilweisen zersetzen und/oder reinigen von kunststoffmaterial |
Family Cites Families (5)
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DE4414891A1 (de) * | 1993-11-26 | 1995-11-02 | Fischer Reinhard | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verwertung von Abfallpolymeren |
EP0767821A1 (de) * | 1994-06-27 | 1997-04-16 | Unique Tire Recycling (Canada) Inc. | Apparat zur thermischen behandlung von kohlenwasserstoffen |
CN2350395Y (zh) * | 1998-10-26 | 1999-11-24 | 北京绿神环保技术有限公司 | 用废塑料连续化炼制燃油的装置 |
DE10061026A1 (de) * | 2000-12-08 | 2002-06-13 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Metallgießverfahren und -vorrichtung |
CN201231114Y (zh) * | 2008-07-16 | 2009-05-06 | 上海普泽瑞华环保科技有限公司 | 用于垃圾气力输送系统的空气过滤装置 |
-
2012
- 2012-04-24 DE DE102012008458A patent/DE102012008458A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-04-23 CA CA2870576A patent/CA2870576A1/en active Pending
- 2013-04-23 JP JP2015507415A patent/JP2015521100A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-04-23 MX MX2014012405A patent/MX2014012405A/es unknown
- 2013-04-23 US US14/394,580 patent/US20150087874A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-04-23 BR BR112014026386A patent/BR112014026386A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-04-23 RU RU2014147053A patent/RU2014147053A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-04-23 EP EP13718509.6A patent/EP2841532A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-04-23 WO PCT/EP2013/001222 patent/WO2013159915A1/de active Application Filing
- 2013-04-23 AU AU2013252107A patent/AU2013252107A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-04-23 CN CN201380022093.1A patent/CN104471031A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2787584A (en) * | 1954-02-04 | 1957-04-02 | Farafonow Wladimir Michael | Continuous carbonization process and apparatus for solid carbonaceous materials |
DE10212105A1 (de) * | 2002-03-11 | 2003-09-25 | Abf Entwicklungsbetr Fuer Inno | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Pyrolyse von Abfall mit organischen Bestandteilen |
DE102008008999A1 (de) * | 2007-11-26 | 2009-05-28 | Werning, Holger, Dr. | Verfahren zur thermischen Konvertierung von organischem Reststoff sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
WO2010130404A1 (de) | 2009-05-14 | 2010-11-18 | SCHLÜTER, Hartwig | Verfahren und anlage zur durchführung chemischer prozesse |
DE102010002704A1 (de) | 2010-03-09 | 2011-09-15 | Bos Technology Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Pyrolyse organischer Ausgangsstoffe |
WO2012072061A1 (de) * | 2010-11-02 | 2012-06-07 | SCHLÜTER, Hartwig | Reaktor und verfahren zum zumindest teilweisen zersetzen und/oder reinigen von kunststoffmaterial |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2014147053A (ru) | 2016-06-10 |
EP2841532A1 (de) | 2015-03-04 |
JP2015521100A (ja) | 2015-07-27 |
US20150087874A1 (en) | 2015-03-26 |
MX2014012405A (es) | 2015-05-15 |
CA2870576A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
AU2013252107A1 (en) | 2014-11-06 |
BR112014026386A2 (pt) | 2017-06-27 |
DE102012008458A1 (de) | 2013-10-24 |
CN104471031A (zh) | 2015-03-25 |
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