WO2013155934A1 - 一种埋地黑色金属基管道防腐涂层及其喷涂方法 - Google Patents

一种埋地黑色金属基管道防腐涂层及其喷涂方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013155934A1
WO2013155934A1 PCT/CN2013/073656 CN2013073656W WO2013155934A1 WO 2013155934 A1 WO2013155934 A1 WO 2013155934A1 CN 2013073656 W CN2013073656 W CN 2013073656W WO 2013155934 A1 WO2013155934 A1 WO 2013155934A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
zinc
aluminum
coating
rare earth
alloy
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PCT/CN2013/073656
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张同波
宋延琦
李军
王恩清
信绍广
张永杰
王世锋
李海顺
申勇
赵福恩
叶卫合
綦晓平
夏召梦
张三辉
张明
赵文良
Original Assignee
新兴铸管股份有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201210112678.XA external-priority patent/CN103373033B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210112698.7A external-priority patent/CN103375657B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210112918.6A external-priority patent/CN103374692B/zh
Application filed by 新兴铸管股份有限公司 filed Critical 新兴铸管股份有限公司
Priority to EP13778196.9A priority Critical patent/EP2840292B1/en
Priority to EA201491729A priority patent/EA030442B1/ru
Priority to EP20174479.4A priority patent/EP3800392A3/en
Publication of WO2013155934A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013155934A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L58/00Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
    • F16L58/02Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
    • F16L58/04Coatings characterised by the materials used
    • F16L58/08Coatings characterised by the materials used by metal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06Metallic material
    • C23C4/08Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/131Wire arc spraying

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite anticorrosive coating and a spraying method thereof, in particular to an active metal anticorrosive coating for a buried earth iron cast pipe and a spraying method thereof.
  • Arc thermal spraying technology has a large number of mature applications in the surface of steel structures in the atmospheric environment.
  • the typical coatings involved include zinc layer, aluminum layer and zinc-aluminum layer.
  • zinc layer aluminum layer and zinc-aluminum layer.
  • the outer surface is coated with a seal primer + intermediate paint + top coat, and there is also a method using zinc-aluminum-magnesium pseudo-alloy.
  • alloy/pseudo-alloy coating literatures have focused on the application research in the atmospheric environment, and regarding the arc The corrosion resistance of thermal spray coatings in soil has rarely been reported.
  • Patent No. CN101451243 B discloses a method for arc spraying anti-corrosion coating of steel structure, firstly sandblasting the surface of the steel structure, and then spraying in sequence Anodized metal coating, closed primer coating, intermediate coating, topcoat coating, the effect can prevent the damage of steel structure caused by ocean climate and urban acid rain climate, but the disadvantage is that multiple coatings lead to construction period Long, the cost has increased significantly, and the antiseptic effect in the soil environment has not been studied.
  • Chinese invention patent application "a composite coating resistant to marine corrosion and hot corrosion and a preparation method thereof" CN201110111175.6, discloses a composite coating resistant to marine corrosion and hot corrosion and a preparation method thereof, first on a steel substrate Arc-sprayed FeCrAIRE powder core wire forms a coating, and then sprayed ZnAlMgRE powder core wire forms a protective coating on the surface of FeCrAIRE coating.
  • ZnAlMgRE powder core wire contains rare earth nickel powder.
  • the proportion of rare earth nickel is: nickel 60%, rare earth 40%, this technology can improve the anti-corrosion effect of the coating in the marine atmosphere and hot air environment, but the disadvantage is that nickel will increase the coating potential, resulting in a significant reduction in the sacrificial anode protection performance, which is not suitable for the electrochemical corrosion environment of the soil.
  • This patent application also does not test the corrosion resistance of coatings in soil environments.
  • Buried metal pipes contain steel pipes and iron pipes. Since the corrosion rate of steel pipes is much higher than that of iron, the current coatings for buried steel pipes generally adopt organic coating + cathodic protection measures, but the inspection and maintenance costs are high, and Impressed current cathodic protection easily leads to hydrogen embrittlement defects. Some buried steel pipes have many leaks after one year of use, causing huge economic losses and causing great negative impact on society.
  • ductile iron pipes have much lower corrosion rates than steel pipes, and it is not necessary to do the same complex cathodic protection measures as steel pipes, usually by spraying a metal zinc layer or a zinc-aluminum coating on the surface of the ductile iron pipe, and then coating the metal.
  • the surface of the layer is coated with a sealing finish.
  • the defect of the traditional Zn coating is that on the one hand, the porosity is high, and the corrosion resistance is weakened.
  • the surface of the Zn coating is hardly soluble in water due to the intrusion of chloride ions.
  • Corrosion products such as carbonates are quickly replaced by loose, easily soluble chloride compounds, which greatly reduce the self-healing properties of corrosion products;
  • ZnAl coatings combine the advantages of zinc coatings and aluminum coatings, but pores The rate is still large, and the corrosion product is not dense, resulting in its self-sealing effect is still not complete, resulting in poor corrosion resistance of ZnAl coating in a highly corrosive soil environment.
  • the invention provides a buried black metal-based pipeline anticorrosive coating and a spraying method thereof, which have the advantages of low porosity, good self-sealing effect, stable anti-corrosion performance, low production cost and good economic applicability.
  • a composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline comprising a zinc-aluminum rare earth alloy layer comprising the following weight components: A1: 4.7 ⁇ 85%; RE: 0.01 ⁇ 10%; It is Zn.
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline wherein the zinc-aluminum rare earth alloy layer comprises the following components by weight: A1: 4.7-60%, RE: 0.02 ⁇ 5 %, and the balance is Zn
  • the surface of the zinc-aluminum rare earth alloy layer is coated with a sealing final layer.
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline wherein in the zinc-aluminum rare earth alloy layer, the metal phase formed by the zinc-aluminum rare earth metal contains a zinc-rich phase, an aluminum-rich phase, and a zinc-rich aluminum rare earth alloy
  • the phase and its intermetallic compound, preferably the weight component content of each metal compound is:
  • Zinc-rich phase 60.0 ⁇ 95.0%, aluminum-rich phase: 4.8 ⁇ 35.0%, zinc-rich aluminum rare earth alloy phase and intermetallic compound: 0.01 -5.0%, the sum of which satisfies 100%;
  • the zinc-rich phase is: 70.0 to 88.0%, the aluminum-rich phase: 10.0 to 28.0%, the zinc-rich aluminum rare earth alloy phase and the intermetallic compound thereof: 0.02-5.0%;
  • zinc-rich phase 75.0 ⁇ 85.0%
  • aluminum-rich phase 12.0 ⁇ 25.0%
  • zinc-rich aluminum rare earth alloy phase and intermetallic compound 0.05-3.0%;
  • the composition of the zinc-rich phase is preferably Zn: 54-96%, AI: 0.5-42%, RE: 0.01 ⁇ 5.0%; the composition of the aluminum-rich phase is AI: 50-95%, Zn: 1.5-45 %, RE: 0.01 to 5.0%; the composition of the zinc-rich aluminum rare earth alloy phase and its intermetallic compound is Zn: 65-99%, AI: 0.5-35%, RE: 0.05 to 3.0%. Scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis experiments show that the phase structure and distribution can significantly improve the adhesion, porosity and corrosion resistance of zinc-aluminum rare earth alloy coatings. The main reason is that trace rare earth elements are dissolved in the eutectic phase.
  • rare earth elements form a multi-component intermetallic compound with zinc, aluminum, impurity iron, and silicon. These intermetallic compounds are partially distributed in the crystal, and most of them are concentrated in the grain boundary, which serves as a refining coating. The effect of layer grains and microstructure can better inhibit intergranular corrosion.
  • the inventors also found that rare earths can purify impurities and refine grains, and concentrate on the surface of the coating to form a dense and uniform oxide layer on the surface. It can well prevent the diffusion of foreign impurity atoms into the interior of the alloy, thus delaying the oxidation and corrosion processes.
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline wherein the anticorrosive coating comprises a zinc-aluminum rare earth pseudo-alloy layer, and the zinc-aluminium rare earth pseudo-alloy layer comprises a substance having the following weight components: Ah 5 ⁇ 60%, RE: 0.02 to 10%, and the balance is Zn; the zinc-aluminum rare earth pseudo-alloy layer is formed by arc spraying.
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline according to the present invention wherein in the zinc-aluminum rare earth pseudo-alloy layer, the metal phase formed by the zinc-aluminum rare earth metal contains a zinc-rich phase, an aluminum-rich phase, and a zinc-rich aluminum rare earth
  • the alloy phase and its intermetallic compound, preferably the weight component content of each metal compound are:
  • Zinc-rich phase 50.0 ⁇ 85.0%, aluminum-rich phase: 10.0 ⁇ 45.0%, zinc-rich aluminum rare earth alloy phase and intermetallic compound: 0.02-10%, the sum of which satisfies 100%;
  • a zinc-rich phase 68.0 to 85.0%, an aluminum-rich phase: 10.0 to 30.0%, a zinc-rich aluminum rare earth alloy phase and an intermetallic compound thereof: 0.02 to 8%;
  • the zinc-rich phase 73.0 ⁇ 85.0%
  • the aluminum-rich phase 12.0-25.0%
  • the zinc-rich aluminum rare earth alloy phase and the intermetallic compound thereof 0.02-5%;
  • the zinc-rich phase composition is Zn: 58-98%, AI: 1-40%, RE: 1 ⁇ 5.0%;
  • the aluminum-rich phase composition is AI: 55-98%, Zn: 1.5-40 %, RE: 0.01 to 5.0%;
  • the composition of the zinc-rich aluminum rare earth alloy phase and its intermetallic compound is Zn: 60-95%, AI: 0.5-35%, RE: 0.1 to 10.0%.
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline according to the present invention, wherein a surface of the zinc-aluminum rare earth pseudoalloy layer is coated with a sealing final layer.
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline wherein the plugging finishing layer is preferably an aqueous coating layer, a solvent-based coating layer or a powder coating layer, and the thickness of the sealing final layer is 60-180 ⁇ m, preferably 100-150 ⁇ m.
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline according to the present invention wherein Zn is 56-85% and A1 is 14-42%.
  • the present invention is buried pipe with metal matrix composite black anti-corrosion coating, wherein the weight of the zinc alloy layer or a zinc aluminum rare earth rare earth aluminum pseudo alloy layer per unit area of 130-400g / m 2, preferably 200g / m 2 .
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline wherein the RE is ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , At least one of ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ; at least one of ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ; more preferably at least one of ⁇ and ⁇ .
  • a composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline comprising a zinc aluminum magnesium rare earth multi-component pseudoalloy layer, preferably coated with a sealing end surface on the surface of the zinc aluminum magnesium rare earth polyalloy layer a layer
  • the ferrous metal-based pipe is preferably an iron-based pipe, more preferably a cast iron pipe, more preferably a ductile iron pipe;
  • the zinc aluminum magnesium rare earth polyalloy layer comprises a substance having the following weight components:
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline wherein in the zinc-aluminum-magnesium rare earth multi-component pseudo-alloy layer, the metal phase formed by the zinc-aluminum-magnesium rare earth metal contains a zinc-rich phase, an aluminum-rich phase, and a rich The aluminum-magnesium alloy phase, a small amount of zinc-rich aluminum-magnesium rare earth alloy phase and its intermetallic compound, preferably the weight component content of each metal compound is:
  • Zinc-rich phase 35.0 ⁇ 90.0%, aluminum-rich phase: 8.0 ⁇ 55.0%, aluminum-rich magnesium alloy phase: 0.5 ⁇ 10.0%, zinc-rich aluminum-magnesium rare earth alloy phase and intermetallic compound: 0.01 ⁇ 5.0%, the sum of which satisfies 100%;
  • zinc-rich phase 50.0 ⁇ 85.0%
  • aluminum-rich phase 10.0-45.0%
  • aluminum-rich magnesium alloy phase 0.5-8.0%
  • zinc-rich aluminum-magnesium rare earth alloy phase and intermetallic compound 0.05 ⁇ 4.0%
  • the zinc-rich phase 65.0 ⁇ 80.0%
  • the aluminum-rich phase 15.0-33.0%
  • the aluminum-rich magnesium alloy phase 0.5 ⁇ 5.0%
  • the zinc-rich aluminum-magnesium rare earth alloy phase and the intermetallic compound 0.05 ⁇ 3.0%;
  • the zinc-rich phase composition is Zn: 55-98%, AI: 1 -40%, Mg: 0.01 -10%, RE: 0.01 ⁇ 5.0%; aluminum-rich phase composition is AI: 50-90%, Zn: 5- 45%, Mg: 0.01 -10%, RE: 0.01 ⁇ 5.0%; phase composition of the aluminum-rich magnesium alloy is AI: 90-95%, Mg: 1 -5%, RE: 0.01 -5.0%; preferably zinc-rich aluminum-magnesium
  • the composition of the rare earth alloy phase and its intermetallic compound is Zn: 60-90%, Ah 5-30%, Mg: 0.01 -1 .0%, RE: 1 to 10.0%.
  • the intermetallic compounds formed by rare earth elements such as Al, Mg and Si are spherical and short-rod distributed in the grain boundary or boundary, in the microstructure. There are a large number of dislocation distributions.
  • the rare earth also begins to form many new phases containing rare earth elements with magnesium and other elements in the alloy. At the same time, the shape and size of the second phase are changed from long strips to short rods, and the size of the particles becomes smaller.
  • these intermetallic compounds can inhibit the grain boundary slip, and at the same time hinder the dislocation motion, thus strengthening; the inventors also found that magnesium can effectively prevent intergranular corrosion of zinc-aluminum alloy, but magnesium also Reducing the fluidity and plasticity of the alloy, its content is greatly limited, but the addition of rare earth can improve the fluidity and plasticity of the coating, so the magnesium content can be appropriately increased to improve the corrosion resistance of the coating. Magnesium plays a synergistic role.
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipe according to the present invention wherein RE is preferably from 0.05 to 2%, further preferably from 0.1 to 1.0%, more preferably from 0.6 to 1.0%.
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline according to the present invention, wherein the preparation method of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium rare earth multi-component pseudo-alloy layer can adopt a constant-speed constant-speed, equal-diameter iso-speed, constant-speed different-diameter spraying method .
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipe according to the present invention wherein the plugging finishing layer is preferably an organic or inorganic coating layer, and the sealing layer has a thickness of 100-150 ⁇ m.
  • the present invention is buried pipe with metal matrix composite black anti-corrosion coating, wherein the weight of the zinc-magnesium alloy layer of rare earth polyhydric dummy basis of 130-400g / m 2, preferably 200g / m 2.
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline according to the present invention wherein the zinc aluminum-magnesium rare earth multi-pseudo-alloy layer further comprises one or one of Cu, ln, Mn, Sn, Li, Si, Ti, Pb Any combination of the above.
  • the composite anticorrosive coating for a buried black metal-based pipeline wherein the RE is ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , At least one of ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ; at least one of ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ; more preferably at least one of ⁇ and ⁇ .
  • a spraying method for an anticorrosive coating for a ferrous metal-based pipeline, using arc spraying the method is:
  • a ZnAlRE ternary pseudoalloy layer is deposited on the tube substrate by using two different constituent wires, or a ZnAlRE alloy is deposited on the tube substrate by using two ZnAlRE alloy wires of the same composition.
  • a rare earth zinc wire + aluminum wire is used to form a zinc aluminum rare earth pseudo alloy coating or two identical zinc aluminum rare earth alloy wires are used to form a zinc aluminum rare earth alloy coating;
  • a ZnAlMgRE quaternary pseudo-alloy layer is deposited on the tube substrate by using two different constituent wires; preferably a rare earth zinc wire + aluminum-magnesium alloy wire is used to form a zinc-aluminum-magnesium rare earth pseudo Alloy coating;
  • the pseudo-alloy coated wire material is selected from one or two of the following wires: ZnAlRE package fan, ZnAlRE core wire, ZnAlRE alloy wire, Zn core wire, Zn bag fan, A1 core wire, A1 package Fans, AIRE core wire, AIRE bag fans, AlMg bag fans, AlMg core wire, ZnAl core wire, ZnAl bag fans, ZnRE wire, ZnRE core wire, ZnRE bag fans, ZnAlMg wire, ZnAlMg core wire , ZnAlMg package fans, AlMgRE alloy wire, AlMgRE cored wire, AlMgRE package fans, ZnAlMgRE alloy wire, ZnAlMgRE cored wire.
  • a ductile iron pipe fitting wherein the coating is sprayed on the pipe base, and preferably the metal coating and the pipe have a bonding strength of 12.5-16.5 MPa.
  • a method for preventing corrosion of ductile iron pipe fittings wherein the coating is sprayed on the pipe base.
  • a method for preparing a corrosion-resistant ductile iron pipe fitting wherein the coating is sprayed on a pipe base, and the corrosion-resistant ductile iron pipe is preferably resistant to soil corrosion and suitable for use in a soil environment.
  • the porosity of the metal coating was tested by the gray scale method, and the porosity was 1.5-3.6%; the salt spray test of the coating was 9000 h without red rust; the polarization of the coating was accelerated after 100 days of corrosion test in the marine environment.
  • the electric resistance is 9000 10000 ⁇ -cm 2 ; preferably, the coating has a soil electrolysis accelerated corrosion rate of 0.03 to 0.06 g/cm 2 ; preferably, the coating has a high temperature accelerated corrosion test after 30 days. 6800 ⁇ ⁇ 2 .
  • the arc sprayed rare earth (magnesium) zinc-aluminum alloy coating must take into account the influence of rare earth elements and magnesium on the corrosion resistance of the coating, while the corrosion resistance of the coating involves adhesion, porosity, electrochemical performance and salt spray resistance. Corrosion, soil corrosion resistance and other indicators, and all of these properties are determined by the microscopic phase structure of the alloy.
  • the metallographic structure of the alloy coating when the composition of the coating is Zn, Al, and RE, the content of the zinc-aluminum rare earth alloy phase and the intermetallic compound is 0.02-10%; In the case of Mg element, the content of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium rare earth alloy phase and the intermetallic compound thereof is 0.01 to 5.0%.
  • the RE element forms an intermetallic compound with Zn, Al, Mg and other impurities, mainly concentrated in the grain boundary, and a small part is distributed in the crystal.
  • These intermetallic compounds can change the microstructure of the alloy phase, that is, coarse and continuous dendrites. Refined into tiny spherical or short rod-like grains, the dispersion state makes the alloy phase structure more uniform, and can effectively inhibit intergranular corrosion.
  • the rare earth conversion film is very dense and covers the surface of the coating, which can largely resist external corrosion. The immersion of the medium improves the corrosion resistance of the coating.
  • the inventors found that when the zinc-aluminium rare earth coating preferably has a zinc-rich phase weight content of 50.0-85.0%, the aluminum-rich phase weight content is 10.0 45.0. %, the zinc-rich aluminum rare earth alloy phase and its intermetallic compound weight content 0.02 ⁇ 10%, the coating soil accelerated corrosion test after 30 days, the polarization resistance 5900 6500 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2 , relative to the zinc-aluminum alloy coating, polarization resistance Significantly improved, indicating a significant increase in soil corrosion resistance.
  • the zinc-aluminum-magnesium rare earth coating preferably has a zinc-rich phase content of 35.0 to 90.0%, an aluminum-rich phase weight content of 8.0 55.0%, an aluminum-rich magnesium alloy phase of 0.5 10.0%, a zinc-rich aluminum-magnesium rare earth alloy phase and an intermetallic phase thereof
  • the weight content of the compound is 0.01%
  • the polarization resistance of the coated soil accelerated corrosion test is 6400 6800 ⁇ -cm 2 after 30 days. Compared with the zinc-aluminum alloy coating, the polarization resistance is greatly improved, indicating that the soil corrosion resistance is more improved. Greatly improved.
  • RE will exist in three main forms in the Zn-Al alloy: solid solution in the matrix; segregation at the phase boundary, grain boundary and dendrite boundary; solid solution in the compound Or in the form of a compound.
  • the research shows that: RE solid solution in the matrix plays a certain role of solid solution strengthening, and the formation of spherical and short rod-shaped intermetallic compounds is distributed in the grain boundary or the internal structure, which increases the deformation resistance; RE also with Al, Mg
  • the elements form a number of new phases containing RE elements.
  • the addition of RE elements refines the grains, allowing the dendrites to transition to a fine agglomerate, thereby increasing strength and hardness and significantly improving wear resistance.
  • the corrosion potential of the alloy is lowered, which is lower than the potential of Zn. Therefore, its sacrificial anodic protection is better than Zn.
  • rare earth can purify impurities and refine grains and enrich the surface of the coating, a dense and uniform oxide layer is formed on the surface, which can prevent the external corrosive medium from diffusing into the alloy to a considerable extent, thereby delaying Oxidation and corrosion processes.
  • the main reason for the influence of the addition of RE element on the corrosion resistance of the coating is that the RE element can be refined.
  • the coated particles make the particle size uniform, reduce the porosity of the coating, make the coating dense, and reduce the corrosion passage, thereby reducing the surface active point during the corrosion process of the coating, thereby further improving the corrosion resistance of the coating.
  • Mg is more likely to oxidize and evaporate, preferentially forming an oxide of spinel structure, and the formed spinel oxide can improve the coating.
  • the cathodic protection of A1, and the Al-Mg thin layer has a certain self-sealing ability, which can further improve the corrosion resistance of the Zn-Al alloy coating.
  • the second phase can be transformed into short rod-shaped particles, and the size of the particles becomes finer and dispersed, which plays a role in strengthening the Zn-Al alloy to some extent.
  • the Zn-Al-Mg-RE multi-metal composite anticorrosive coating When it is in contact with corrosive media such as soil, the main reason for the improvement of the corrosion resistance of the coating by the addition of Mg is that the Zn-Al-Mg-RE multi-metal composite anticorrosive coating generates a series of Zn basic salts, Mg hydrogen. Corrosion products of oxides and hydrates of spinel oxide formed by A1 and A1. These corrosion products not only form a passivation film on the surface of the coating, but also effectively block the pores of the coating itself and cut off the corrosive medium quickly.
  • the sealing layer material is water-based paint, solvent-based paint or powder coating.
  • the most commonly used solvent-based epoxy resin coating has a coating thickness of 70-150 microns.
  • the coating method can be spray coating, brush coating or roll coating, sealing layer.
  • the sprayed Zn-Al-RE or Zn-Al-Mg-RE metal coating of the invention has a wide composition range, and can adjust the proportion of each element in the coating in a large range, satisfying Zn-Al-RE Or the diversity of Zn-Al-Mg-RE metal coatings can be applied to a variety of applications.
  • RE element can refine the coating particles, make the particle size uniform, reduce the porosity of the coating, make the coating dense, and thus reduce the corrosion passage.
  • the soil or other corrosive medium is difficult to enter the coating through the surface defects of the coating.
  • the self-sealing effect of the coating is more obvious, and the stability of the corrosion product layer of the coating is greatly improved, so that the ZnAIRE metal coating exhibits better soil corrosion resistance than the ZnAl coating.
  • Mg element to the Zn-Al-Mg-RE multi-metal composite anticorrosive coating produces a series of corrosion products such as a basic salt of Zn, a hydroxide of Mg, and a hydrate of a spinel oxide formed by Mg and A1. These corrosion products not only form a passivation film on the surface of the coating, but also effectively block the pores of the coating itself. Gap, cutting off the fast path of soil or other corrosive media, so that the ZnAlMgRE metal coating exhibits better soil corrosion resistance than the ZnAl coating.
  • Zn-Al-RE, Zn-Al-Mg-RE multi-metal coating is coated with a sealing layer, which has good anti-corrosion properties. On the one hand, it can fill the pores of metal coating, on the other hand, it can block metal coating. Contact with corrosive media from the outside can effectively slow the corrosion of the coating in soil or other environments.
  • the metal coating is economical and can be used with the existing wire material in the market.
  • the production cost is low and easy to implement, which reduces the huge research and development cost of the alloy layer and greatly shortens the development cycle.
  • test methods for coating performance parameters in this application are as follows:
  • the bond strength test was carried out using a CSS-44100 electronic universal testing machine to determine the tensile bond strength of the coating to the substrate.
  • the test piece was mounted on a testing machine at a tensile speed of lmm/min. The load was evenly and continuously applied until the test piece was broken. The maximum breaking load of the test piece was recorded.
  • the joint strength was calculated according to the following formula: F
  • the porosity was measured by the gray scale method, and the measured average value was used as the porosity of the coating.
  • the cross-sectional morphology and microstructure of the coating were observed by metallographic microscope. Under the metallographic analysis system, three fields of view were randomly taken to measure the number of cells in each field of view, and the three fields of view were The ratio of the total number of cells occupied by the voids to the number of cells of the total field of view is the porosity of the coating.
  • the imported salt spray box is used, and the sample is cut from the ductile iron product.
  • the test is carried out according to IS09227 standard.
  • the test conditions are temperature of 35 ⁇ 2°C, pH 6.5 ⁇ 7.2, sodium chloride concentration of 50g/l ⁇ 5g/l.
  • the test period was 9000 hours, and the red rust condition of the coating before and after the test was observed.
  • the corrosion potential test system of the coating consists of PAR M273A potentiostat and M5210 lock-in amplifier. It uses a three-electrode system with various 100-day salt spray test samples as the working electrode, the area is lOx lOmm, and the saturated calomel electrode (SCE) For the reference electrode, the platinum electrode is the auxiliary electrode.
  • the corrosive medium was 3.5% NaCl solution. The sample was immersed in the solution for 30 min before the test, and the measurement was started after the potential was stabilized.
  • Test soil Undisturbed soil sample at Tianjin Dagang Test Station Normal temperature 20% water
  • Sample packaging method 1 welding sample, sealed with silica gel; weighing before test 2 measuring exposed area before test
  • the corrosion resistance of the coating was compared by testing the weight loss of the coating before and after the test.
  • Test soil The original soil sample of Tianjin Dagang Test Station, 20% water content, soil resistivity 0.06 ⁇ , Cl_ and S0 4 2 _ high content, soil at room temperature is a very strong corrosive grade soil.
  • the accelerated corrosion test was carried out by controlling the temperature at 70 °C.
  • Test content After 30 days of accelerated soil corrosion test of the sample, electrochemical test was carried out.
  • the corrosion potential test system of the coating consisted of PAR M273A potentiostat and M5210 lock-in amplifier.
  • the three-electrode system was used to accelerate the corrosion test sample for 30 days.
  • the area is lOx lOmm
  • the saturated calomel electrode (SCE) is the reference electrode
  • the platinum electrode is the auxiliary electrode.
  • the corrosive medium is Dagang saturated soil solution. The sample is immersed in the solution for 30 min before the test, and the potential is stabilized.
  • the spray wire is selected from a Zn wire and an AIRE wire, and the wire diameter is 1.0 to 4.0 mm.
  • the arc thermal spraying equipment consisting of high-power spraying power supply, spray gun, wire feeding mechanism, air compressor and control box is selected.
  • Arc-spraying was used to deposit a Zn-Al-La metal coating on the ductile iron pipe substrate using the selected wire.
  • the composition of each element of the coating was: A1: 14.9%, La: 0.1%, and the rest was Zn.
  • the weight per unit area of the zinc aluminum rare earth metal layer was 130 g/m 2 .
  • the sealing layer was sprayed with an epoxy resin coating to a thickness of 100 microns.
  • the porosity of the zinc-aluminum rare earth metal coating is lower than that of the zinc-aluminum coating, which is more favorable for blocking the external corrosion medium from contacting the metal matrix, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the coating.
  • Table 3 shows the results of the 9000h neutral salt spray test for the 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 coating and 85Zn-14.9Al-0. lLa coating. It can be seen from the table that the corrosion resistance of the zinc-aluminum rare earth coating is significantly improved.
  • the corrosion rate of Zn-Al rare earth is 37.13% lower than that of Zn-Al coating.
  • Example 2 The greater the polarization resistance of the coating, the lower the corrosion rate and the better the soil corrosion resistance. It can be seen from Table 6 that the zinc-aluminum rare earth ternary metal coating has a much larger polarization resistance than the zinc-aluminum two-element metal coating, indicating that the zinc-aluminum rare earth has better soil corrosion resistance than the zinc-aluminum coating. .
  • Example 2 The greater the polarization resistance of the coating, the lower the corrosion rate and the better the soil corrosion resistance. It can be seen from Table 6 that the zinc-aluminum rare earth ternary metal coating has a much larger polarization resistance than the zinc-aluminum two-element metal coating, indicating that the zinc-aluminum rare earth has better soil corrosion resistance than the zinc-aluminum coating. .
  • Example 2 The greater the polarization resistance of the coating, the lower the corrosion rate and the better the soil corrosion resistance. It can be seen from Table 6 that the zinc-aluminum rare earth ternary metal coating
  • the content of the Zn-Al-Ce metal coating is A1: 15%, Ce: 1%, and the balance is Zn.
  • the weight per unit area of the zinc aluminum rare earth metal layer was 200 g/m 2 .
  • sealing layer is sprayed with epoxy resin coating, and the coating thickness is 70 microns. The rest are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • Comparative coating The wire was made of 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 alloy wire, the same example 2.
  • Table 9 shows the results of the 9000h neutral salt spray test of the 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 coating and the 84Zn-15Al-lCe coating. It can be seen from the table that the corrosion resistance of the zinc-aluminum rare earth coating is significantly improved.
  • the Zn-Al-RE ternary metal coating has a polarization resistance value of 94.5% higher than that of the 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 ternary metal coating, indicating that the corrosion resistance is much better.
  • Example 3 The greater the polarization resistance of the coating, the lower the corrosion rate and the better the soil corrosion resistance. It can be seen from Table 12 that the zinc-aluminum rare earth ternary metal coating has a much larger polarization resistance than the zinc-aluminum two-element metal coating, indicating that the zinc-aluminum rare earth has better soil corrosion resistance than the zinc-aluminum coating. .
  • Example 3 The greater the polarization resistance of the coating, the lower the corrosion rate and the better the soil corrosion resistance. It can be seen from Table 12 that the zinc-aluminum rare earth ternary metal coating has a much larger polarization resistance than the zinc-aluminum two-element metal coating, indicating that the zinc-aluminum rare earth has better soil corrosion resistance than the zinc-aluminum coating. . Example 3
  • the spray wire is selected from a Zn-Al package fan and a Zn-Al-La alloy wire having a diameter of 1.0 to 4.0 mm.
  • the arc thermal spraying equipment consisting of high-power spraying power supply, spray gun, wire feeding mechanism, air compressor and control box is selected.
  • Arc-spraying was used to deposit a Zn-Al-RE pseudo-alloy layer on the ductile iron pipe substrate by using the selected wire.
  • the composition of each element of the coating was: A1: 20%, La: 0.02%, and the rest was Zn.
  • the weight per unit area of the zinc-aluminium rare earth pseudoalloy layer was 200 g/m 2 .
  • the sealing layer was sprayed with an asphalt coating with a coating thickness of 100 microns.
  • Comparative coating The same as Example 3 except that the wire was made of 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 alloy wire.
  • Zinc-aluminum alloy coating 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 Zinc-aluminum rare earth coating 79.98Zn-20Al-0.02La La 3.0
  • the porosity of the zinc-aluminium rare earth pseudo-alloy coating is lower than that of the pure zinc coating and the zinc-aluminum alloy coating, which is more favorable for blocking external corrosion.
  • the medium contacts the metal substrate to improve the corrosion resistance of the coating.
  • Table 15 shows the results of the 9000h neutral salt spray test of the 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 coating and the 79.98Zn-20Al-0.02La coating. It can be seen from the table that the corrosion resistance of the zinc-aluminum rare earth coating is significantly improved.
  • the zinc-aluminum rare earth ternary metal coating has a much larger polarization resistance than the zinc-aluminum two-element metal coating, indicating that the zinc-aluminum rare earth is more resistant to soil corrosion than the zinc-aluminum coating. The layer has been greatly improved.
  • Type of sprayed wire Two ZnAlLaCe alloy wires are used, and the wire diameter is 4.0 mm.
  • ZnAlLaCe alloy coating was deposited on the ductile iron tube substrate by arc spraying, using ZnAlLaCe alloy wire.
  • the composition of each element of the coating was: A1: 14.9%, La+Ce: 0.1%, and the rest was Zn.
  • the sealing seal layer was sprayed with an epoxy resin coating to a thickness of 150 microns.
  • Comparative coating The same as Example 4 except that the wire was made of 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 alloy wire.
  • the porosity of the Zn-Al rare earth alloy coating is lower than that of the Zn-Al alloy coating, which is more favorable for blocking the external corrosive medium from contacting the metal matrix, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the coating.
  • Table 21 shows the results of the 9000h neutral salt spray test for the 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 coating and the 85Zn-14.9Al-0.1(La+Ce;) coating. It can be seen from the table that the corrosion resistance of the zinc-aluminum rare earth coating is significantly improved. .
  • the corrosion rate of Zn-Al rare earth is 40% lower than that of Zn-Al coating, and its soil corrosion resistance is significantly improved.
  • the zinc-aluminium rare earth ternary metal coating has a much larger polarization resistance than the zinc-aluminum two-element metal coating, indicating that the zinc-aluminum is thin. Soil corrosion resistance is greatly improved compared to zinc aluminum coating.
  • the spray wire was selected from an Al-Mg alloy wire and a Zn-Al-La alloy wire, each having a diameter of 4.0 mm.
  • the arc thermal spraying equipment consisting of high-power spraying power supply, spray gun, wire feeding mechanism, air compressor and control box is used to respectively combine a weight of cp4.0mm into Zn 85%; A1 14.5%; La 0.5%
  • the weight of the alloy wire and a cp4.0mm is A195%; the alloy wire of Mg5% is sprayed on the surface of the pipe at 130g/m 2 as the wire of the arc thermal spray to form Zn-Al-Mg-La Pseudo alloy coating.
  • Coating composition Zn 84.5%, A1 14.3%, Mg 1.0%, La 0.2%.
  • the sealing layer was sprayed with an asphalt coating with a coating thickness of 100 microns.
  • Comparative coating The same as Example 5 except that the wire was made of 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 alloy wire.
  • the porosity of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium rare earth pseudo-alloy coating is lower than that of the pure zinc coating and the zinc-aluminum alloy coating, which is more favorable for blocking the external corrosive medium from contacting the metal matrix, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the coating.
  • Neutral salt spray test Table 27 Neutral salt spray test results for zinc-aluminum coatings, zinc-aluminum-magnesium rare earth coatings
  • Table 27 shows the results of the 9000h neutral salt spray test of the 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 coating and the 84.5Zn-14.3Al-1.0Mg-0.2La coating. It can be seen from the table that the corrosion resistance of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium rare earth coating is remarkable. improve.
  • the spray wire is selected from an Al-Mg alloy wire and a Zn-Ce alloy wire, and the wire diameter is cp2 ⁇ 3.0mm.
  • Select an arc thermal spraying equipment consisting of a high-power spray power supply, a spray gun, a wire feeding mechanism, an air compressor, and a control box, respectively, one (p3 ⁇ 4.0mm Zn 99.5%; Ce 0.5% alloy wire and one
  • the weight composition of ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3.0mm is A1 97%; Mg3% alloy wire is sprayed on the surface of the pipe at 150g/m 2 as the wire of thermal arc sprayed to form Zn-Al-Mg-Ce quaternary pseudoalloy coating.
  • Layer, coating composition Zn 76%, A1 22%, Mg 1.9%, Ce 0.1%.
  • the sealing layer was sprayed with an asphalt coating with a coating thickness of 100 microns.
  • Comparative coating The same as Example 6 except that the wire was made of 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 alloy wire.
  • the porosity of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium rare earth pseudo-alloy coating is lower than that of the pure zinc coating and the zinc-aluminum alloy coating, which is more favorable for blocking the external corrosive medium from contacting the metal matrix, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the coating.
  • Table 33 is the results of the 9000h neutral salt spray test of the 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 coating, 76Zn-22Al-1.9Mg-0. lCe coating. It can be seen from the table that the corrosion resistance of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium rare earth coating is significantly improved. .
  • the corrosion rate of Zn, Al, and Mg rare earths is 50.4% lower than that of Zn-Al coatings.
  • the spray wire is made of two Zn-Al-Mg- La core wires, and the wire diameter is cp3 ⁇ 4.0mm.
  • Select the arc thermal spraying equipment consisting of high-power spraying power supply, spray gun, wire feeding mechanism, air compressor and control box, respectively, two (p3 ⁇ 4mm weight composition is Zn 70%; A1 27.4%; Mg 2.0% La 0.6% multi-component fan material is sprayed on the surface of the pipe at 400g/m 2 as an arc-thermally sprayed wire material to form a Zn-Al-Mg-La multi-component pseudo-alloy coating.
  • Coating composition Zn70%, A1 27.4%, Mg 2.0%, La 0.6%.
  • the pseudo-alloy layer is sealed by brushing a silicate coating on the surface of the multi-pseudo-alloy layer, and the thickness of the sealing finish layer is 150 ⁇ m.
  • Comparative coating The same as Example 7 except that the wire was made of 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 alloy wire.
  • the porosity of the zinc-aluminum-magnesium rare earth pseudo-alloy coating is lower than that of the pure zinc coating and the zinc-aluminum alloy coating, which is more favorable for blocking the external corrosive medium from contacting the metal matrix, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the coating.
  • Table 39 shows the results of the 9000 h neutral salt spray test of the 85 ⁇ -15 ⁇ 1 coating and the 70Zn-27.4Al-2.0Mg-0.6La coating. It can be seen from the table that the corrosion resistance of the Zn-Al-Mg rare earth coating is significantly improved.
  • the corrosion rate of Zn, Al, and Mg rare earths is 51.2% lower than that of zinc-aluminum coating.
  • Zn-Al-Ce pseudo alloy layer A1: 40%, Ce: 1%, and the rest is Zn.
  • the rest is the same as in Embodiment 6.
  • Zn-Al-Mg-Pr pseudoalloy layer A1: 25 %, Mg: 1.2%, Pr: 2.0%, and the balance being Zn.
  • the spray wire was selected from a Zn-Al-Ce package fan and a Zn-Al-Ce alloy wire, each having a diameter of 3.2 mm.
  • the arc thermal spraying equipment consisting of high-power spraying power supply, spray gun, wire feeding mechanism, air compressor and control box is selected.
  • Arc-spraying was used to deposit a Zn-Al-Ce pseudo-alloy layer on the ductile iron pipe substrate by using the selected wire.
  • the composition of each element of the coating was: A1: 50%, Ce: 8.0%, and the rest was Zn.
  • the weight per unit area of the zinc-aluminium rare earth pseudoalloy layer was 250 g/m 2 .
  • the sealing layer was sprayed with an asphalt coating with a coating thickness of 100 microns.
  • the varnished wire was selected from a ZnLa alloy wire and a ZnAl alloy wire, and the wire diameter was 2.8 mm.
  • the arc thermal spraying equipment consisting of high-power spraying power supply, spray gun, wire feeding mechanism, air compressor and control box is selected.
  • Arc-spraying was used to deposit a Zn-Al-La pseudo-alloy layer on the ductile iron pipe substrate by using the selected wire.
  • the composition of each element of the coating was: A1: 60%, La: 10.0%, and the rest was Zn.
  • the weight per unit area of the zinc-aluminum rare earth pseudo-alloy layer was 350 g/m 2 .
  • the sealing layer was sprayed with a silica sol coating having a coating thickness of 100 microns.
  • the sprayed wire can also be selected in the following combinations:
  • the production equipment used for spraying belongs to the existing mature equipment, and the formed anticorrosive coating can be widely applied in the field of composite anticorrosive coating, especially strong corrosion.
  • the soil environment, and produces positive anti-corrosion effects, has great market prospects and strong industrial applicability.

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Abstract

提供了一种埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层,所述防腐涂层包含锌铝稀土合金层、锌铝稀土伪合金层或锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层,所述锌铝稀土合金层包括如下重量组份的物质:Al:4.7-60%,RE:0.02-5%,其余为锌;所述锌铝稀土伪合金层包括如下重量组份的物质:Al:5-60%,RE:0.02-10%,其余为锌;所述锌铝镁稀土金属涂层包括如下重量组份的物质:Al:5-85%,RE:0.01-5%,Zn:30-95%,Mg:0.05-10%。该涂层具有孔隙率低、自封闭效果好、防腐性能稳定、制作成本低、经济适用性好等优点,可以应用于强腐蚀性土壤环境中。

Description

一种埋地黑色金属基管道防腐涂层及其喷涂方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合防腐涂层及其喷涂方法, 尤其涉及一种埋地球墨铸铁管道外活性金 属防腐涂层及其喷涂方法。
背景技术
电弧热喷涂技术在大气环境中钢结构表面已经有大量成熟应用, 所涉及的典型涂层包含 锌层、 铝层、 锌铝层, 为了延长使用寿命, 通常在锌层、 铝层、 锌铝层外表面涂装封闭底漆 + 中间漆 +面漆, 也有采用锌铝镁伪合金的方法, 截止目前, 几乎所有的合金 /伪合金涂层文献 都集中在大气环境中的应用研究,而关于电弧热喷涂层在土壤中的耐腐蚀性研究却鲜有报道。
中国发明专利《钢结构电弧喷涂复合防腐蚀涂层体系的方法及工艺》专利号 CN101451243 B, 公开了一种钢结构电弧喷涂防腐涂层的方法, 先将钢结构表面喷砂处理, 然后依次喷涂 阳极性金属涂层、 封闭底漆涂层、 中间漆涂层、 面漆涂层, 其效果可以防止海洋气候、 城市 酸雨气候对钢结构的破坏, 但不足之处在于多遍涂装导致施工周期长、 成本大幅度升高, 也 没有研究土壤环境中的防腐效果。
中国发明专利申请 《一种抗海洋腐蚀与热腐蚀的复合涂层及其制备方法》 CN201110111175.6, 公开了一种抗海洋腐蚀与热腐蚀的复合涂层及其制备方法, 先在钢基体 上电弧喷涂 FeCrAIRE粉芯丝材形成涂层, 而后喷涂 ZnAlMgRE粉芯丝材在 FeCrAIRE涂层 表面上形成防护涂层, ZnAlMgRE粉芯丝材中含有稀土镍粉, 稀土镍比例为: 镍 60%、 稀土 40%, 该技术可以提高涂层在海洋大气和热气环境下的防腐效果, 但缺点是由于镍会使涂层 电位升高, 导致其牺牲阳极保护性能明显减弱, 不适合土壤电化学腐蚀环境, 该专利申请也 没有关于涂层在土壤环境中的耐腐蚀性能测试。
土壤环境中的腐蚀因素比大气环境复杂得多, 金属在强腐蚀性土壤中的腐蚀速率比大气 环境高得多。 埋地金属管道包含钢管和铁管, 由于钢管腐蚀速率比铁的腐蚀速率高得多, 所 以目前埋地钢管外涂层一般采用有机涂层 +阴极保护措施, 但检测和维护费用较高, 而且外 加电流阴极保护容易导致氢脆缺陷, 有的埋地钢管在使用一年后出现多处漏穿现象, 造成巨 大经济损失, 给社会造成很大负面影响。 相比之下, 球铁管比钢管腐蚀速率低得多, 不必要 做与钢管同样复杂的阴极保护措施, 通常是在球铁管表面电弧喷涂金属锌层或锌铝涂层, 再 在金属涂层表面涂装封孔终饰层。传统 Zn涂层的缺陷是一方面孔隙率较高,减弱其防腐性能, 另一方面, 在海水或氯离子含量较高的环境中, 由于氯离子的侵入, Zn涂层表面较难溶于水 的碳酸盐等腐蚀产物迅速被疏松、 易于溶解的氯盐化合物所取代, 极大地减弱了腐蚀产物的 自愈合性能; ZnAl涂层虽然综合了锌涂层和铝涂层的优点, 但孔隙率依然较大, 腐蚀产物致 密性不好, 导致其自封闭作用仍不彻底,致使 ZnAl涂层在较强腐蚀性土壤环境中耐腐蚀性较 差。
随着现代工业的飞速发展, 土壤腐蚀性日益增强, 强腐蚀性土壤区域日益广泛, 现有 Zn 涂层、 ZnAl涂层越来越不能满足埋地球铁管外防腐涂层的需要, 因此, 开发强腐蚀性土壤环 境中埋地球铁管道的外防腐涂层性能研究就成了迫在眉急的问题。
发明内容
本发明提供一种埋地黑色金属基管道防腐涂层及其喷涂方法, 具有孔隙率低、 自封闭效 果好、 防腐性能稳定、 制作成本低、 经济适用性好等优点。
为解决现有技术存在的问题, 本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 所述防腐涂层包含锌铝稀土合金层, 其包括 如下重量组分的物质: A1: 4.7〜 85 % ; RE: 0.01〜10%; 其余为 Zn。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述锌铝稀土合金层包括如下 重量组分的物质: A1: 4.7-60% , RE: 0.02〜5 %, 其余为 Zn; 在所述锌铝稀土合金层表面 涂有封孔终饰层。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述锌铝稀土合金层中, 锌铝 稀土金属形成的金属相中含有富锌相、 富铝相、 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化合物, 优选 各金属化合物的重量组分含量为:
富锌相: 60.0~95.0%, 富铝相: 4.8~35.0%, 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化合物: 0.01 -5.0%, 其总和满足 100%;
进一步优选富锌相: 70.0~88.0%, 富铝相: 10.0~28.0%, 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属 间化合物: 0.02-5.0%;
更优选富锌相: 75.0~85.0%, 富铝相: 12.0~25.0%, 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化 合物: 0.05-3.0%;
其中, 优选所述富锌相组成为 Zn: 54-96%, AI: 0.5-42%, RE: 0.01〜5.0%; 富铝相 组成为 AI: 50-95%, Zn: 1 .5-45%, RE: 0.01〜5.0%; 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化合 物的组成为 Zn: 65-99%, AI: 0.5-35%, RE: 0.05〜3.0%。 通过扫描电镜和能谱分析试验 发现, 所述相结构及分布能够明显提高锌铝稀土合金涂层的附着力、 孔隙率及耐蚀性, 其主 要原因是微量稀土元素固溶在共晶相中, 而绝大多数稀土元素与锌、 铝、 杂质铁、 硅形成多 元金属间化合物, 这些金属间化合物少部分分布在晶内, 大部分富集在晶界, 起到了细化涂 层晶粒和组织的作用, 能较好的抑制晶间腐蚀; 发明人还发现, 稀土能净化杂质和细化晶粒, 并富集于涂层表面, 在表面形成了致密而均匀的氧化层, 它能很好地阻止外界杂质原子向合 金内部扩散, 从而延缓了氧化和腐蚀过程。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述防腐涂层包含锌铝稀土伪 合金层, 所述锌铝稀土伪合金层包括如下重量组分的物质: Ah 5〜60%, RE: 0.02〜10%, 其余为 Zn; 所述锌铝稀土伪合金层采用电弧喷涂法制成。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述锌铝稀土伪合金层中, 锌 铝稀土金属形成的金属相中含有富锌相、 富铝相、 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化合物, 优 选各金属化合物的重量组分含量为:
富锌相: 50.0~85.0%, 富铝相: 10.0~45.0%, 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化合物: 0.02-10%, 其总和满足 100%;
进一步优选富锌相: 68.0~85.0%, 富铝相: 10.0~30.0%, 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属 间化合物: 0.02~8%;
更优选富锌相: 73.0~85.0%, 富铝相: 12.0~25.0%, 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化 合物: 0.02-5%;
其中, 优选所述富锌相组成为 Zn: 58-98%, AI: 1 -40%, RE: 1〜5.0%; 富铝相组 成为 AI: 55-98%, Zn: 1 .5-40%, RE: 0.01〜5.0%; 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化合 物的组成为 Zn: 60-95%, AI: 0.5-35%, RE: 0.1〜10.0%。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中在所述锌铝稀土伪合金层表面 涂有封孔终饰层。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述封孔终饰层优选为水性涂 料层、溶剂型涂料层或者粉末涂料层,所述封孔终饰层的厚度为 60-180μιη,优选 100-150μιη。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中 Zn 56-85%, A1 14-42%。 本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中 RE优选为 0.05-2%, 进一步 优选 0.1-1.0%, 更优选 0.6-1.0%。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述锌铝稀土合金层或锌铝稀 土伪合金层单位面积上的重量为 130-400g/m2, 优选 200g/m2
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述 RE为镧、 铈、 镨、 钕、 钷、 钐、 铕、 钆、 铽、 镝、 钬、 铒、 铥、 镱、 镥、 钪、 钇中的至少一种; 优选镧、 铈、 镨、 钕中的至少一种; 更优选镧、 铈中的至少一种。 一种埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 所述所述防腐涂层包括锌铝镁稀土多元伪合 金层, 优选在所述锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层表面涂有封孔终饰层, 所述黑色金属基管道优选 为铁基管道, 更优选为铸铁管道, 更优选为球墨铸铁管道;
所述锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层包括如下重量组分的物质:
A1: 5〜85 %;
RE: 0.01〜5 %;
Zn: 30〜95 %;
Mg: 0.05-10%。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层 中, 锌铝镁稀土金属形成的金属相中含有富锌相、 富铝相、 富铝镁合金相、 少量富锌铝镁稀 土合金相及其金属间化合物, 优选各金属化合物的重量组分含量为:
富锌相: 35.0~90.0%, 富铝相: 8.0~55.0%, 富铝镁合金相: 0.5~10.0%, 富锌铝镁稀 土合金相及其金属间化合物: 0.01 ~5.0%, 其总和满足 100%;
进一步优选富锌相: 50.0~85.0%, 富铝相: 10.0~45.0%, 富铝镁合金相: 0.5~8.0%, 富锌铝镁稀土合金相及其金属间化合物: 0.05~4.0%;
更优选其中富锌相: 65.0~80.0%, 富铝相: 15.0~33.0%, 富铝镁合金相: 0.5~5.0%, 富锌铝镁稀土合金相及其金属间化合物: 0.05~3.0%;
优选富锌相组成为 Zn: 55-98%, AI: 1 -40%, Mg: 0.01 -10%, RE: 0.01〜5.0%; 富铝相组成为 AI: 50-90%, Zn: 5-45%, Mg: 0.01 -10%, RE: 0.01〜5.0%; 富铝镁合 金相组成为 AI: 90-95%, Mg: 1 -5%, RE: 0.01 -5.0%; 优选富锌铝镁稀土合金相及其金 属间化合物组成为 Zn: 60-90%, Ah 5-30%, Mg: 0.01 -1 .0%, RE: 1〜10.0%。 通过微 观组织结构分析及耐腐蚀性能试验发现, 锌铝镁稀土金属涂层中, 稀土与 Al、 Mg、 Si等元 素形成的金属间化合物呈球状和短棒状分布在晶界或界内, 组织中有大量位错分布。 稀土还 与合金中的镁及其他元素开始形成许多含稀土元素的新相, 同时使第二相的形状、 尺寸从长 条状等形状转变成短棒状粒子出现, 粒子的尺寸也变得比较细小, 且呈弥散分布, 这些金属 间化合物能够抑制晶界滑移, 同时阻碍位错运动,因而起到强化作用; 发明人还发现, 镁能有 效地阻止锌铝合金的晶间腐蚀, 但镁也降低合金的流动性及塑性, 其含量受到很大限制, 但 稀土的加入则可以改善涂层流动性及塑性,因而可以适当增加镁元素含量来提高涂层耐蚀性, 由此可见, 稀土和镁起到协同增效的作用。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中 RE优选为 0.05-2%, 进一步 优选 0.1-1.0%, 更优选 0.6-1.0%。 本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层 的制备方法可以采取等径等速、 等径异速、 等速异径的喷涂方式。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述封孔终饰层优选为有机或 无机涂料层, 所述封孔层的厚度为 100-150μιη。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层 单位面积上的重量为 130-400g/m2, 优选 200g/m2
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层 还包括 Cu、 ln、 Mn、 Sn、 Li、 Si、 Ti、 Pb中一种或一种以上的任意组合。
本发明所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其中所述 RE为镧、 铈、 镨、 钕、 钷、 钐、 铕、 钆、 铽、 镝、 钬、 铒、 铥、 镱、 镥、 钪、 钇中的至少一种; 优选镧、 铈、 镨、 钕中的至少一种; 更优选镧、 铈中的至少一种。
一种黑色金属基管道用防腐涂层的喷涂方法, 采用电弧喷涂, 所述方法为:
所述涂层包括 ZnAlRE元素时, 利用两根组成不同的丝材, 在管基体上沉积出 ZnAlRE 三元伪合金层, 或利用两根组成相同的 ZnAlRE合金丝, 在管基体上沉积出 ZnAlRE合金层; 优选为采用一根稀土锌丝 +铝丝形成锌铝稀土伪合金涂层或采用两根相同的锌铝稀土合金丝 形成锌铝稀土合金涂层;
所述涂层包括 ZnAlMgRE 元素时, 利用两根组成不同的丝材, 在管基体上沉积出 ZnAlMgRE 四元伪合金层; 优选为采用一根稀土锌丝 +铝镁合金丝形成锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂 层;
所述伪合金涂层丝材选自下列丝材中的一种或两种: ZnAlRE包粉丝、 ZnAlRE包芯丝、 ZnAlRE合金丝、 Zn包芯丝、 Zn包粉丝、 A1包芯丝、 A1包粉丝、 AIRE包芯丝、 AIRE包粉 丝、 AlMg包粉丝、 AlMg包芯丝、 ZnAl包芯丝、 ZnAl包粉丝、 ZnRE合金丝、 ZnRE包芯丝、 ZnRE包粉丝、 ZnAlMg合金丝、 ZnAlMg包芯丝、 ZnAlMg包粉丝、 AlMgRE合金丝、 AlMgRE 包芯丝、 AlMgRE包粉丝、 ZnAlMgRE合金丝、 ZnAlMgRE包芯丝。
一种含有所述复合防腐涂层的黑色金属基管道, 所述黑色金属为铁, 所述的管道为铸铁 管道, 优选球墨铸铁管道。
一种球墨铸铁管件, 在管件基体上喷涂有所述的涂层, 优选所述的金属涂层与管道的结 合强度为 12.5-16.5Mpa。
一种球墨铸铁管件防腐蚀的方法, 在管件基体上喷涂有所述的涂层。
一种耐腐蚀球墨铸铁管件的制备方法, 采用所述喷涂方法在管件基体上喷涂所述的涂 层, 优选所述的耐腐蚀球墨铸铁管件是耐土壤腐蚀, 适用于土壤环境。 金属涂层孔隙率是采用灰度法进行测试的, 孔隙率为 1.5-3.6%; 所述涂层的盐雾试验 9000h无红锈; 所述涂层的海洋环境加速腐蚀试验 100天后的极化电阻为 9000 10000 Ω-cm2; 优选所述的涂层的土壤电解加速腐蚀速率为 0.03~0.06g/cm2;优选所述的涂层的土壤高温加速 腐蚀试验 30天后的极化电阻为 5950 6800 Ω· η2
电弧喷涂稀土 (镁)锌铝合金涂层必须综合考虑到稀土元素、 镁元素对涂层耐腐蚀性能 的影响, 而涂层耐蚀性能则涉及附着力、 孔隙率、 电化学性能、 耐盐雾腐蚀、 耐土壤腐蚀等 指标, 而所有这些性能都是由合金微观相组织结构决定的。 通过对合金涂层的金相组织观察 发现, 当涂层组成为 Zn、 Al、、 RE 元素时, 其锌铝稀土合金相以及其金属间化合物含量为 0.02-10%; 当涂层中还含有 Mg 元素时, 锌铝镁稀土合金相以及其金属间化合物含量为 0.01~5.0%。 此时 RE元素与 Zn、 Al、 Mg及其它杂质形成金属间化合物, 主要富集在晶界, 而少部分分布在晶内, 这些金属间化合物能够改变合金相组织结构, 即将粗大连续的枝晶细 化成微小的球状或短棒状晶粒, 其弥散分布状态使得合金相组织更加均匀, 能有效抑制晶间 腐蚀, 稀土转化膜非常致密, 并且覆盖在涂层表面, 能够很大程度上抵挡外界腐蚀介质的浸 入, 从而提高涂层耐蚀性能。 通过对具有不同合金相组成的涂层进行耐土壤腐蚀电化学性能 对比试验, 发明人发现, 当锌铝稀土涂层优选富锌相重量含量为 50.0~85.0%, 富铝相重量含 量为 10.0 45.0%,富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化合物重量含量 0.02~10%时, 涂层土壤加速 腐蚀试验 30天后极化电阻 5900 6500 Ω· η2, 相对于锌铝合金涂层, 极化电阻大幅度提高, 表明耐土壤腐蚀性能显著提高。 当锌铝镁稀土涂层优选富锌相重量含量为 35.0~90.0%, 富铝 相重量含量为 8.0 55.0%,富铝镁合金相为 0.5 10.0%,富锌铝镁稀土合金相及其金属间化合物 重量含量 0.01 5.0%时, 涂层土壤加速腐蚀试验 30天后极化电阻 6400 6800 Ω-cm2, 相对于 锌铝合金涂层, 极化电阻有更大幅度提高, 表明耐土壤腐蚀性能得到更大程度提高。
一、 RE元素的作用
在 Ζη-Α1合金涂层中添加少量的 RE, RE在 Zn-Al合金中将以三种主要形式存在: 固溶 在基体中;偏聚在相界、晶界和枝晶界;固溶在化合物中或以化合物形式存在。研究表明: RE 固溶在基体中起到一定的固溶强化作用, 而形成呈球状和短棒状的金属间化合物分布在晶界 或界内组织中, 增加了变形阻力; RE还与 Al、 Mg等元素形成许多含 RE元素的新相, 加 入 RE元素可以细化晶粒, 使树枝晶向细团状过渡, 从而提高强度和硬度, 并显著提高耐磨 性。 由于微量稀土固溶在共晶相中, 使合金的腐蚀电位下降, 比 Zn的电位更低。 因此, 其牺 牲性阳极保护作用比 Zn更好些。此外,由于稀土能净化杂质和细化晶粒,并富集于涂层表面, 在表面形成了致密而均匀的氧化层, 它能在相当程度上阻止外界腐蚀介质向合金内部扩散, 从而延缓了氧化和腐蚀过程。 RE元素的加入对涂层耐蚀性影响的主要原因是 RE元素可细化 涂层颗粒, 使颗粒粒度均匀, 降低涂层孔隙率, 使涂层组织致密, 进而减少了腐蚀通道, 从 而使涂层腐蚀过程中的表面活性点减少, 从而进一步提高涂层的耐蚀性能。
二、 Mg元素的作用
在 Zn-Al合金涂层中添加少量的 Mg元素, 在热喷涂过程中, Mg更容易氧化和蒸发, 优先形成尖晶石结构的氧化物, 所形成的尖晶石氧化物可以改善涂层中 A1的阴极保护作用, 且 Al-Mg薄层具有一定的自封闭能力, 可进一步提高 Zn-Al合金涂层的耐蚀能力。 同时可使 第二相转变成短棒状粒子, 粒子的尺寸也变得比较细小, 且呈弥散分布, 一定程度上起到了 强化 Zn-Al合金的作用。当与土壤等腐蚀介质接触时, Mg元素的加入对涂层耐蚀性提高的主 要原因是 Zn-Al-Mg-RE多元金属复合防腐涂层生成一系列 Zn的碱式盐类、 Mg的氢氧化物及 Mg与 A1形成的尖晶石氧化物的水合物等腐蚀产物,这些腐蚀产物不但能在涂层表面形成钝 化膜, 还能有效地堵塞涂层自身的孔隙, 切断腐蚀介质的快速通道, 当腐蚀反应进行一定时 间后, 由于钝化膜及腐蚀产物的堵塞, 腐蚀介质很难通过涂层表面的缺陷进入涂层到达涂层 / 基体的界面, 涂层的自封闭效果更加明显, 大幅度提高了涂层腐蚀产物层的稳定性, 从而使 金属涂层表现出更好的耐蚀性。
由于稀土能够净化铁基表面杂质和增加电弧喷涂高温熔融金属粒子在球铁管表面的流 动性, 因此球墨铸铁管道表面在喷涂前无需进行抛丸处理, 只需除去管道表面水分、 油脂、 灰尘或疏松氧化皮等杂物即可。 封孔层材料为水性涂料、 溶剂型涂料或者粉末涂料, 最常用 的溶剂型环氧树脂涂料, 涂层厚度为 70-150微米, 涂覆方法可以是喷涂、 刷涂或辊涂, 封孔 层具有良好的防腐性能, 一方面可以填充 Zn-Al-RE或 Zn-Al-Mg-RE金属涂层的孔隙, 另一 方面阻挡 Zn-Al-RE 或 Zn-Al-Mg-RE 金属涂层与外界腐蚀介质的接触, 因而可以有效减缓 Zn-Al-RE或 Zn-Al-Mg-RE金属涂层的腐蚀速度。
采用上述技术方案所产生的有益效果在于:
1.本发明喷涂的 Zn-Al-RE或 Zn-Al-Mg-RE金属涂层的成分范围较宽, 可以在较大范围 内随意调整涂层中各元素比例, 满足了 Zn-Al-RE或 Zn-Al-Mg-RE金属涂层的多样性, 可以 适用于多种用途。
2. RE元素可细化涂层颗粒, 使颗粒粒度均匀, 降低涂层孔隙率, 使涂层组织致密, 进而 减少了腐蚀通道, 土壤或其它腐蚀介质很难通过涂层表面的缺陷进入涂层到达涂层 /基体的界 面, 涂层的自封闭效果更加明显, 大幅度提高了涂层腐蚀产物层的稳定性, 从而使 ZnAIRE 金属涂层表现出优于 ZnAl涂层的耐土壤腐蚀性。 Mg元素的加入 Zn-Al-Mg-RE多元金属复合 防腐涂层生成一系列 Zn的碱式盐类、 Mg的氢氧化物及 Mg与 A1形成的尖晶石氧化物的水合 物等腐蚀产物, 这些腐蚀产物不但能在涂层表面形成钝化膜, 还能有效地堵塞涂层自身的孔 隙, 切断土壤或其它腐蚀介质的快速通道, 从而使 ZnAlMgRE金属涂层表现出优于 ZnAl涂 层的耐土壤腐蚀性。
3. Zn-Al-RE, Zn-Al-Mg-RE多元金属涂层外表面涂有封孔层, 具有良好的防腐性能, 一 方面可以填充金属涂层的孔隙, 另一方面阻挡金属涂层与外界腐蚀介质的接触, 因而可以有 效减缓涂层在土壤或其他环境中的腐蚀速度。
4. 金属涂层经济性好,可以利用市场现有丝材随意搭配喷涂合金或伪合金层,制作成本 低, 易于实施, 减少了合金层的巨额研发费用, 并极大地缩短了研发周期。
具体实施方式
本申请中涂层性能参数的测试方法如下:
1、 力学性能
( 1 ) 结合强度测试试验
结合强度测试实验采用 CSS-44100电子万能试验机测定涂层与基体的抗拉结合强度。将 试件装在试验机上, 拉伸速度为 lmm/min, 均匀、 连续地施加载荷至试件破断, 记录试件最 大破坏载荷, 根据下面公式计算结合强度: F
σ,―
b πά2 式中 ^一涂层的结合强度 (N/mm2); F_涂层的最大断裂载荷 (N); d_涂层破断处结 合面直径 (mm)。
(2) 孔隙率测试
采用灰度法测定孔隙率, 以实测平均值作为涂层的孔隙率。 用金相显微镜观察涂层的截 面形貌和组织结构, 在金相分析系统下, 随机取 3个视场, 测出每个视场中空隙所占的格数, 并将 3个视场的空隙所占的总格数同总视场的格数相比, 比值即为涂层的孔隙度。
2、 海洋性气候加速腐蚀实验
( 1 ) 中性盐雾试验
采用进口盐雾箱, 试样从球铁管产品上切割, 按照 IS09227标准进行试验, 试验条件为 温度为 35±2°C, pH6.5~7.2, 氯化钠浓度 50g/l±5g/l, 试验周期 9000小时, 观察试验前后涂层 红锈状况。
(2) 电化学性能测试
涂层的腐蚀电位测试系统由 PAR M273A恒电位仪和 M5210锁相放大器组成,采用三电 极体系, 以各种 100天盐雾试验样品为工作电极、 面积为 lOx lOmm, 饱和甘汞电极 (SCE)为 参比电极,铂电极为辅助电极。腐蚀介质为 3.5%NaCl溶液,测试前试样在溶液中浸泡 30 min, 待电位稳定后开始测量。
3、 耐土壤腐蚀性性能测试
( 1 ) 土壤电解加速腐蚀试验一快速对比选材实验
试样状态: 完整涂层
试验土壤: 天津大港试验站原状土样 常温 20%水
试验周期: 24h
试样封装方式: ①焊样, 用硅胶涂封; 试验前称重 ②试验前测量暴露面积
实验仪器: 直流稳压电源 6V
通过测试实验前后涂层失重来分析比较涂层耐土壤腐蚀性能。
(2) 土壤高温加速腐蚀试验——电化学实验
试样状态: 完整涂层
试验土壤: 天津大港试验站原状土样, 20%含水量, 土壤电阻率 0.06Ω·ιη, Cl_及 S04 2_ 含量很高, 常温土壤已属特强腐蚀性等级土壤。 将温度控制在 70°C, 进行加速腐蚀试验。
实验仪器: 土壤加速腐蚀试验箱
测试内容: 试样土壤加速腐蚀试验 30天后, 进行电化学测试, 涂层的腐蚀电位测试系 统由 PAR M273A恒电位仪和 M5210锁相放大器组成,采用三电极体系, 以 30天土壤加速腐 蚀试验样品为工作电极、 面积为 lOx lOmm, 饱和甘汞电极 (SCE)为参比电极, 铂电极为辅助 电极。 腐蚀介质为大港饱和土壤溶液, 测试前试样在溶液中浸泡 30 min, 待电位稳定后开始
实施例 1
1. Zn-Al-La金属涂层
喷涂丝材选择一根 Zn丝和一根 AIRE丝, 合金丝直径为 1.0〜4.0mm。
选用由大功率喷涂电源、 喷涂枪、 送丝机构、 空压机、 控制箱组成的电弧热喷涂设备。 采用电弧喷涂, 利用选择的丝材在球墨铸铁管基体上沉积出 Zn-Al-La金属涂层, 其涂层各元 素的成分含量为: A1 : 14.9% , La: 0.1 % , 其余为 Zn。 锌铝稀土金属层单位面积上的重量 为 130g/m2
2.封面层
采用环氧树脂涂料喷涂封孔层, 涂层厚度为 100微米。
对比涂层: 除丝材采用 85Ζη-15Α1合金丝外, 其余实施例 1相同。 (1)、 附着力测试结果
表 1.锌铝合金涂层、 锌铝稀土伪合金涂层的附着力
Figure imgf000012_0001
从表 1可以看出,锌铝稀土金属涂层的附着力高于锌铝涂层,从而提高涂层耐腐蚀性能。 2、 孔隙率测试结果
表 2.锌铝涂层、 锌铝稀土涂层的孔隙率
Figure imgf000012_0002
从表 2可以看出, 锌铝稀土金属涂层的孔隙率低于锌铝涂层, 更有利于阻挡外界腐蚀介 质接触金属基体, 从而提高涂层耐腐蚀性能。
3、 海洋性大气环境加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 中性盐雾试验
表 3.锌铝涂层、 锌铝稀土涂层的中性盐雾试验结果
Figure imgf000012_0003
表 3是 85Ζη-15Α1涂层、 85Zn-14.9Al-0. lLa涂层经历 9000h中性盐雾试验结果, 由表中 可以看出, 锌铝稀土涂层耐蚀性能得到显著提高。
(2) 电化学测试一交流阻抗测试
涂层经 100天中性盐雾试验后, 进行交流阻抗测试, 其拟合后极化电阻如表 4所示。
表 4.两种涂层 100天盐雾试验后交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
Figure imgf000012_0004
由表 4可以看出,添加稀土元素之后, Zn-Al-RE三元金属涂层相比于 85Ζη-15Α1两元金 属涂层极化电阻值大一倍, 表明耐蚀性更加优异。
4、 土壤加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 土壤电解加速腐蚀试验
表 5.两种涂层土壤电解加速腐蚀试验结果
Figure imgf000013_0001
由表 5可以看出, 锌铝稀土腐蚀速率比锌铝涂层降低了 37.13%
( 2 ) 高温土壤加速腐蚀试验-电化学交流阻抗测试
表 6.两种涂层大港原土高温加速腐蚀 30天交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
Figure imgf000013_0002
涂层极化电阻越大, 腐蚀速率越低, 耐土壤腐蚀性越好。 从表 6可以看出, 锌铝稀土三 元金属涂层相比于锌铝两元金属涂层极化电阻值大得多, 表明锌铝稀土耐土壤腐蚀性比锌铝 涂层有大幅度提高。 实施例 2
1、 Zn-Al-Ce金属涂层的含量为 A1 : 15 %, Ce: 1 %, 其余为 Zn。 锌铝稀土金属层单 位面积上的重量为 200g/m2
2.封孔层 采用环氧树脂涂料喷涂封孔层, 涂层厚度为 70微米。 其余同实施例 1。
对比涂层: 除丝材采用 85Ζη-15Α1合金丝外, 同实施例 2.
(1)、 附着力测试结果
表 7.锌铝涂层、 锌铝稀土涂层的附着力
Figure imgf000013_0003
从表 7可以看出,锌铝稀土涂层的附着力高于锌铝合金涂层,从而提高涂层耐腐蚀性能。 (2)、 孔隙率测试结果 表 8.锌铝合金涂层、 锌铝稀土伪合金涂层的孔隙率
Figure imgf000014_0001
从表 8可以看出, 锌铝稀土涂层的孔隙率远远低于锌铝合金涂层, 更有利于阻挡外界腐 蚀介质接触金属基体, 从而提高涂层耐腐蚀性能。
(3 )、 海洋性大气环境加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 中性盐雾试验
表 9.锌铝涂层、 锌铝稀土涂层的中性盐雾试验结果
Figure imgf000014_0002
表 9是 85Ζη-15Α1涂层、 84Zn-15Al-lCe涂层经历 9000h中性盐雾试验结果, 由表中可 以看出, 锌铝稀土涂层耐蚀性能得到显著提高。
(2) 电化学测试一交流阻抗测试
涂层经 100天中性盐雾试验后, 进行交流阻抗测试, 其拟合后极化电阻如表 10所示。
表 10.两种涂层 100天盐雾试验后交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
Figure imgf000014_0003
由表 10可以看出, 添加稀土元素之后, Zn-Al-RE三元金属涂层相比于 85Ζη-15Α1两元 金属涂层极化电阻值增大 94.5%, 表明耐蚀性优异得多。
4、 土壤加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 土壤电解加速腐蚀试验
表 11.两种涂层土壤电解加速腐蚀试验结果
Figure imgf000014_0004
由表 11可以看出, 锌铝稀土腐蚀速率比锌铝涂层降低了 32.6% ( 2 ) 高温土壤加速腐蚀试验-电化学交流阻抗测试
表 12.两种涂层大港原土高温加速腐蚀 30天交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
Figure imgf000015_0001
涂层极化电阻越大, 腐蚀速率越低, 耐土壤腐蚀性越好。 从表 12可以看出, 锌铝稀土 三元金属涂层相比于锌铝两元金属涂层极化电阻值大得多, 表明锌铝稀土耐土壤腐蚀性比锌 铝涂层有大幅度提高。 实施例 3
1. Zn-Al-La伪合金层
喷涂丝材选择一根 Zn-Al包粉丝和一根 Zn-Al-La合金丝, 合金丝直径为 1.0〜4.0mm。 选用由大功率喷涂电源、 喷涂枪、 送丝机构、 空压机、 控制箱组成的电弧热喷涂设备。 采用电弧喷涂,利用选择的丝材在球墨铸铁管基体上沉积出 Zn-Al-RE伪合金层,其涂层各元 素的成分含量为: A1 : 20% , La: 0.02% , 其余为 Zn。 锌铝稀土伪合金层单位面积上的重 量为 200g/m2
2.封孔层
采用沥青涂料喷涂封孔层, 涂层厚度为 100微米。
对比涂层: 除丝材采用 85Ζη-15Α1合金丝外, 同实施例 3
(1)、 附着力测试结果
表 13.锌铝合金涂层、 锌铝稀土伪合金涂层的附着力
Figure imgf000015_0002
从表 13可以看出, 锌铝稀土伪合金涂层的附着力高于锌铝合金涂层, 从而提高涂层耐 腐蚀性能。
2、 孔隙率测试结果
表 14.锌铝合金涂层、 锌铝稀土伪合金涂层的孔隙率
涂层种类 孔隙率(%) 锌铝合金涂层 85Ζη-15Α1 4.5 锌铝稀土涂层 79.98Zn-20Al-0.02La La 3.0 从表 14可以看出, 锌铝稀土伪合金涂层的孔隙率低于纯锌涂层、 锌铝合金涂层, 更有 利于阻挡外界腐蚀介质接触金属基体, 从而提高涂层耐腐蚀性能。
3、 海洋性大气环境加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 中性盐雾试验
表 15.锌铝涂层、 锌铝稀土涂层的中性盐雾试验结果
Figure imgf000016_0001
表 15是 85Ζη-15Α1涂层、 79.98Zn-20Al-0.02La涂层经历 9000h中性盐雾试验结果, 由 表中可以看出, 锌铝稀土涂层耐蚀性能得到显著提高。
(2) 电化学测试一交流阻抗测试
涂层经 100天中性盐雾试验后, 进行交流阻抗测试, 其拟合后极化电阻如表 16所示。
表 16.两种涂层 100天盐雾试验后交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
Figure imgf000016_0002
由表 16可以看出, 添加稀土元素之后, Zn-Al-RE三元金属涂层相比于 85Ζη-15Α1两元 金属涂层极化电阻值增大一倍, 表明耐蚀性优异得多。
4、 土壤加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 土壤电解加速腐蚀试验
表 17.两种涂层土壤电解加速腐蚀试验结果
Figure imgf000016_0003
由表 17可以看出, 锌铝稀土腐蚀速率比锌铝涂层降低了 39.3%
( 2 ) 高温土壤加速腐蚀试验-电化学交流阻抗测试
表 18.两种涂层大港原土高温加速腐蚀 30天交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
涂层种类 涂层成分 Rp (Ω+cm2) 锌铝合金涂层 85Ζη-15Α1 3828 锌铝稀土涂层 79.98Zn-20Al-0.02La 6312 涂层极化电阻越大, 腐蚀速率越低, 耐土壤腐蚀性越好。 从表 18可以看出, 添加稀土 元素之后, 锌铝稀土三元金属涂层相比于锌铝两元金属涂层极化电阻值大得多, 表明锌铝稀 土耐土壤腐蚀性比锌铝涂层有大幅度提高。 实施例 4
1、 喷涂 ZnAlLaCe合金层
喷涂丝材种类: 采用两根 ZnAlLaCe合金丝, 合金丝直径均为 4.0mm。
通过电弧喷涂, 利用 ZnAlLaCe合金丝材, 在球墨铸铁管基体上沉积出 ZnAlLaCe合金 涂层, 其涂层各元素的成分含量为: A1 : 14.9% , La+Ce: 0.1 % , 其余为 Zn。
2、 涂覆封孔密封层
采用环氧树脂涂料喷涂封孔密封层, 涂层厚度为 150微米。
对比涂层: 除丝材采用 85Ζη-15Α1合金丝外, 同实施例 4
(1)、 附着力测试结果
表 19.锌铝合金涂层、 锌铝稀土合金涂层的附着力
Figure imgf000017_0001
从表 19可以看出, 锌铝稀土合金涂层的附着力高于锌铝合金涂层, 从而提高涂层耐腐 蚀性能。
(2)孔隙率测试结果
表 20.锌铝合金涂层、 锌铝稀土合金涂层的孔隙率
Figure imgf000017_0002
从表 20可以看出, 锌铝稀土合金涂层的孔隙率低于锌铝合金涂层, 更有利于阻挡外界 腐蚀介质接触金属基体, 从而提高涂层耐腐蚀性能。
3、 海洋性大气环境加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 中性盐雾试验 表 21.锌铝涂层、 锌铝稀土涂层的中性盐雾试验结果
Figure imgf000018_0001
表 21是 85Ζη-15Α1涂层、 85Zn-14.9Al-0.1(La+Ce;)涂层经历 9000h中性盐雾试验结果, 由表中可以看出, 锌铝稀土涂层耐蚀性能得到显著提高。
(2) 电化学测试一交流阻抗测试
涂层经 100天中性盐雾试验后, 进行交流阻抗测试, 其拟合后极化电阻如表 22所示。
表 22两种涂层 100天盐雾试验后交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
Figure imgf000018_0002
由表 22可以看出, 85Zn-14.9Al-0.1(La+Ce)合金涂层相比于 85Ζη-15Α1两元金属涂层极 化电阻值增大一倍多, 表明耐蚀性优异得多。
4、 土壤加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 土壤电解加速腐蚀试验
表 23.两种涂层土壤电解加速腐蚀试验结果
Figure imgf000018_0003
由表 23可以看出, 锌铝稀土腐蚀速率比锌铝涂层降低了 40%, 其耐土壤腐蚀性得到明 显提高。
( 2 ) 高温土壤加速腐蚀试验-电化学交流阻抗测试
表 24.两种涂层大港原土高温加速腐蚀 30天交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
Figure imgf000018_0004
涂层极化电阻越大, 腐蚀速率越低, 耐土壤腐蚀性越好。 从表 24可以看出, 添加稀土 元素之后, 锌铝稀土三元金属涂层相比于锌铝两元金属涂层极化电阻值大得多, 表明锌铝稀 土耐土壤腐蚀性比锌铝涂层有大幅度提高。
实施例 5
1. Zn-Al-Mg-La伪合金层
喷涂丝材选择一根 Al-Mg合金丝和一根 Zn-Al-La合金丝, 丝材直径均为 4.0mm。
选用由大功率喷涂电源、 喷涂枪、 送丝机构、 空压机、 控制箱组成的电弧热喷涂设备, 分别将一根 cp4.0mm的重量组成为 Zn 85%; A1 14.5%; La 0.5%的合金丝材和一根 cp4.0mm的 重量组成为 A195%; Mg5%的合金丝材作为电弧热喷涂的金属丝材,按 130g/m2喷涂于管道表 面,形成 Zn-Al-Mg-La多元伪合金涂层。涂层成分: Zn 84.5%, A1 14.3%, Mg 1.0%, La 0.2% 。
2.封孔层
采用沥青涂料喷涂封孔层, 涂层厚度为 100微米。
对比涂层: 除丝材采用 85Ζη-15Α1合金丝外, 同实施例 5。
(1)附着力测试结果
表 25.锌铝合金涂层、 锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂层的附着力
Figure imgf000019_0001
从表 25可以看出, 锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂层的附着力高于锌铝合金涂层, 从而提高涂层 耐腐蚀性能。
2、 孔隙率测试结果
表 26.锌铝合金涂层、 锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂层的孔隙率
Figure imgf000019_0002
从表 26可以看出, 锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂层的孔隙率低于纯锌涂层、 锌铝合金涂层, 更 有利于阻挡外界腐蚀介质接触金属基体, 从而提高涂层耐腐蚀性能。
3、 海洋性大气环境加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 中性盐雾试验 表 27.锌铝涂层、 锌铝镁稀土涂层的中性盐雾试验结果
Figure imgf000020_0001
表 27是 85Ζη-15Α1涂层、 84.5Zn-14.3Al-l.0Mg-0.2La涂层经历 9000h中性盐雾试验结果, 由表中可以看出, 锌铝镁稀土涂层耐蚀性能得到显著提高。
(2) 电化学测试一交流阻抗测试
涂层经 100天中性盐雾试验后, 进行交流阻抗测试, 其拟合后极化电阻如表 28所示。
表 28.两种涂层 100天盐雾试验后交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
Figure imgf000020_0002
由表 28可以看出,添加镁和稀土元素之后, 84.5Zn-14.3Al-l.0Mg-0.2La四元金属涂层相 比于 85Ζη-15Α1两元金属涂层极化电阻值增大一倍, 表明耐蚀性优异得多。
4、 土壤加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 土壤电解加速腐蚀试验
Figure imgf000020_0003
涂层极化电阻越大, 腐蚀速率越低, 耐土壤腐蚀性越好。 从表 30可以看出, 添加稀土 元素之后, 锌铝镁稀土四元金属涂层相比于锌铝两元金属涂层极化电阻值大得多, 表明锌铝 镁稀土耐土壤腐蚀性比锌铝涂层有大幅度提高。 实施例 6
Zn-Al-Mg-Ce伪合金层
喷涂丝材选择一根 Al-Mg合金丝和一根 Zn-Ce合金丝, 丝材直径均为 cp2~3.0mm。 选用由大功率喷涂电源、 喷涂枪、 送丝机构、 空压机、 控制箱组成的电弧热喷涂设备, 分别将一根 (p3~4.0mm的 Zn 99.5%; Ce 0.5%的合金丝和一根 φ2~3.0mm的重量组成为 A1 97%; Mg3%的合金丝材作为电弧热喷涂的金属丝材,按 150g/m2喷涂于管道表面,形成 Zn-Al-Mg-Ce 四元伪合金涂层, 涂层成分: Zn 76%, A1 22%, Mg 1.9%, Ce 0.1% 。
2.封孔层
采用沥青涂料喷涂封孔层, 涂层厚度为 100微米。
对比涂层: 除丝材采用 85Ζη-15Α1合金丝外, 同实施例 6
(1)、 附着力测试结果
表 31.锌铝合金涂层、 锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂层的附着力
Figure imgf000021_0001
从表 31 可以看出, 锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂层的附着力高于锌铝合金涂层, 从而提高涂层 耐腐蚀性能。
2、 孔隙率测试结果
表 32.锌铝合金涂层、 锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂层的孔隙率
Figure imgf000021_0002
从表 32可以看出, 锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂层的孔隙率低于纯锌涂层、 锌铝合金涂层, 更 有利于阻挡外界腐蚀介质接触金属基体, 从而提高涂层耐腐蚀性能。
3、 海洋性大气环境加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 中性盐雾试验
表 33锌铝涂层、 锌铝镁稀土涂层的中性盐雾试验结果
Figure imgf000021_0003
锌铝镁稀土涂层 76Zn-22Al-l.9Mg-0. lCe
表 33是 85Ζη-15Α1涂层、 76Zn-22Al-l.9Mg-0. lCe涂层经历 9000h中性盐雾试验结果, 由表中可以看出, 锌铝镁稀土涂层耐蚀性能得到显著提高。
(2) 电化学测试一交流阻抗测试
涂层经 100天中性盐雾试验后, 进行交流阻抗测试, 其拟合后极化电阻如表 34所示。
表 34.两种涂层 100天盐雾试验后交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
Figure imgf000022_0001
由表 34可以看出, 添加镁和稀土元素之后, 76Zn-22Al-l.9Mg-0. lCe四元金属涂层相比 于 85Ζη-15Α1两元金属涂层极化电阻值增大一倍, 表明耐蚀性优异得多。
4、 土壤加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 土壤电解加速腐蚀试验
表 35.两种涂层土壤电解加速腐蚀试验结果
Figure imgf000022_0002
由表 35可以看出, 锌铝镁稀土腐蚀速率比锌铝涂层降低了 50.4%
( 2 ) 高温土壤加速腐蚀试验-电化学交流阻抗测试
表 36.两种涂层大港原土高温加速腐蚀 30天交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
Figure imgf000022_0003
涂层极化电阻越大, 腐蚀速率越低, 耐土壤腐蚀性越好。 从表 36可以看出, 添加稀土 元素之后, 锌铝镁稀土四元金属涂层相比于锌铝两元金属涂层极化电阻值大得多, 表明锌铝 镁稀土耐土壤腐蚀性比锌铝涂层有大幅度提高。 实施例 7
Zn-Al-Mg- La伪合金层
喷涂丝材选择两根 Zn-Al-Mg- La包芯丝, 丝材直径均为 cp3~4.0mm 选用由大功率喷涂电源、 喷涂枪、 送丝机构、 空压机、 控制箱组成的电弧热喷涂设备, 分别将两根(p3~4mm的重量组成为 Zn 70%; A1 27.4%; Mg 2.0%; La 0.6%的多元包粉丝材作 为电弧热喷涂的金属丝材, 按 400g/m2喷涂于管道表面, 形成 Zn-Al-Mg-La多元伪合金涂层, 涂层成分: Zn70%, A1 27.4%, Mg 2.0%, La 0.6% 。
(3 ) 涂覆封孔终饰涂层
在多元伪合金层表面刷涂硅酸盐涂料对伪合金层进行封孔处理, 封孔终饰层厚度为 150μιη。
对比涂层: 除丝材采用 85Ζη-15Α1合金丝外, 同实施例 7
(1)、 附着力测试结果
表 37.锌铝合金涂层、 锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂层的附着力
Figure imgf000023_0001
从表 37可以看出, 锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂层的附着力高于锌铝合金涂层, 从而提高涂层 耐腐蚀性能。
2、 孔隙率测试结果
表 38.锌铝合金涂层、 锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂层的孔隙率
Figure imgf000023_0002
从表 38可以看出, 锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂层的孔隙率低于纯锌涂层、 锌铝合金涂层, 更 有利于阻挡外界腐蚀介质接触金属基体, 从而提高涂层耐腐蚀性能。
3、 海洋性大气环境加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 中性盐雾试验
表 39锌铝涂层、 锌铝镁稀土涂层的中性盐雾试验结果
Figure imgf000023_0003
表 39是 85Ζη-15Α1涂层、 70Zn-27.4Al-2.0Mg-0.6La涂层经历 9000h中性盐雾试验结果, 由表中可以看出, 锌铝镁稀土涂层耐蚀性能得到显著提高。 (2) 电化学测试一交流阻抗测试
涂层经 100天中性盐雾试验后, 进行交流阻抗测试, 其拟合后极化电阻如表 40所示。
表 40.两种涂层 100天盐雾试验后交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
Figure imgf000024_0001
由表 40可以看出, 添加镁和稀土元素之后, 70Zn-27.4Al-2.0Mg-0.6La四元金属涂层相 比于 85Ζη-15Α1两元金属涂层极化电阻值增大一倍以上, 表明耐蚀性优异得多。
4、 土壤加速腐蚀试验
( 1 ) 土壤电解加速腐蚀试验
表 41.两种涂层土壤电解加速腐蚀试验结果
Figure imgf000024_0002
由表 41可以看出, 锌铝镁稀土腐蚀速率比锌铝涂层降低了 51.2%
( 2 ) 高温土壤加速腐蚀试验-电化学交流阻抗测试
表 42.两种涂层大港原土高温加速腐蚀 30天交流阻抗谱拟合极化电阻的结果
Figure imgf000024_0003
涂层极化电阻越大, 腐蚀速率越低, 耐土壤腐蚀性越好。 从表 42可以看出, 添加镁、 稀土元素之后, 锌铝镁稀土四元金属涂层相比于锌铝两元金属涂层极化电阻值大得多, 表明 锌铝镁稀土耐土壤腐蚀性比锌铝涂层有大幅度提高。 实施例 8:
Zn-Al-Ce伪合金层: A1 : 40% , Ce: 1 % , 其余为 Zn。 其余同实施例 6。
实施例 9
Zn-Al-Mg-Pr伪合金层: A1 : 25 % , Mg: 1.2%, Pr: 2.0%, 其余为 Zn。 其余同实施例 实施例 10 Zn-Al-Mg-Nd伪合金层: Al : 35 % , Mg3.0%, Nd: 1.0%, 其余为 Zn。 其余同实施例
6。
实施例 11
1. Zn-Al-Ce伪合金层
喷涂丝材选择一根 Zn-Al-Ce包粉丝和一根 Zn-Al-Ce合金丝, 丝材直径均为 3.2mm。 选用由大功率喷涂电源、 喷涂枪、 送丝机构、 空压机、 控制箱组成的电弧热喷涂设备。 采用电弧喷涂, 利用选择的丝材在球墨铸铁管基体上沉积出 Zn-Al-Ce伪合金层, 其涂层各元 素的成分含量为: A1 : 50% , Ce: 8.0% , 其余为 Zn。 锌铝稀土伪合金层单位面积上的重 量为 250g/m2
2.封孔层
采用沥青涂料喷涂封孔层, 涂层厚度为 100微米。
实施例 12
1. Zn-Al-La伪合金层
喷涂丝材选择一根 ZnLa合金丝和一根 ZnAl合金丝, 合金丝直径均为 2.8mm。
选用由大功率喷涂电源、 喷涂枪、 送丝机构、 空压机、 控制箱组成的电弧热喷涂设备。 采用电弧喷涂, 利用选择的丝材在球墨铸铁管基体上沉积出 Zn-Al-La伪合金层, 其涂层各元 素的成分含量为: A1 : 60% , La: 10.0% , 其余为 Zn。 锌铝稀土伪合金层单位面积上的重 量为 350g/m2
2.封孔层
采用硅溶胶涂料喷涂封孔层, 涂层厚度为 100微米。
通过对实施例 8~12中的涂层进行与实施例 1-7相同的性能测试发现, 伪合金涂层的附 着力在 13.0 -15.5MPa, 孔隙率为 2.0-3.0%, 中心盐雾试验为 9000h, 100天盐雾试验后极化 电阻为 9012Ω. η2
所述喷涂丝材还可以选择下述组合方式:
一根 Ζη包芯丝 + —根 Zn-Al-RE合金丝 /Zn-Al-RE包芯丝 /Zn-Al-RE包粉丝; 一根 A1包粉丝 +—根 ZnRE合金丝 / Zn-Al-RE包芯丝 /Zn-Al-RE包粉丝;
一根 Zn-Al-RE包芯丝 +—根 Zn-Al-RE包粉丝 / ZnRE合金丝 /AIRE合金丝 /Zn-Al-RE合金 丝;
一根 Zn-Al-Mg合金丝 +—根 ZnAl合金丝 /ZnRE合金丝 /Zn-Al-RE合金丝;
一根 ZnAl包粉丝 +—根 Al-Mg-RE合金丝 /Zn-Al-RE合金丝;
一根 ZnRE包芯丝 +—根 AIRE合金丝 /Zn-Al-RE合金丝。 以上所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述, 并非对本发明的范围进行 限定, 在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下, 本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的 各种变形和改进, 均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
工业实用性
本发明埋地黑色金属基管道防腐涂层及其喷涂方法中, 喷涂所使用的生产设备属于现有 的成熟设备, 形成的防腐涂层能够广泛应用在复合防腐涂层领域中, 尤其是强腐蚀的土壤环 境, 并产生积极地防腐效果, 具有很大的市场前景和很强的工业实用性。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所述防腐涂层包括如下重 量组分的物质: A1: 4.7〜85 %; RE: 0.01〜10 %; 其余为 Zn。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所述防 腐涂层包括锌铝稀土合金层,所述锌铝稀土合金层包括如下重量组分的物质: A1: 4.7〜60 %, RE: 0.02〜5 %, 其余为 Zn; 在所述锌铝稀土合金层表面涂有封孔终饰层。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所述锌 铝稀土合金层中, 锌铝稀土金属形成的金属相中含有富锌相、 富铝相、 富锌铝稀土合金相及 其金属间化合物, 优选各金属化合物的重量组分含量为:
富锌相: 60.0~95.0%, 富铝相: 4.8~35.0%, 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化合物: 0.01 -5.0%, 其总和满足 100%;
进一步优选富锌相: 70.0~88.0%, 富铝相: 10.0~28.0%, 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属 间化合物: 0.02-5.0%;
更优选富锌相: 75.0~85.0%, 富铝相: 12.0~25.0%, 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化 合物: 0.05-3.0%;
其中, 优选所述富锌相组成为 Zn: 54-96%, AI: 0.5-42%, RE: 0.01〜5.0%; 富铝 相组成为 AI: 50-95%, Zn: 1 .5-45%, RE: 0.01〜5.0%; 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间 化合物的组成为 Zn: 65-99%, AI: 0.5-35%, RE: 0.05〜3.0%。
4、 根据权利要求 1 所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所述防 腐涂层包含锌铝稀土伪合金层, 所述锌铝稀土伪合金层包括如下重量组分的物质: A1: 5〜60 % , RE: 0.02〜10 %, 其余为 Zn; 所述锌铝稀土伪合金层采用电弧喷涂法制成。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 在所述 锌铝稀土伪合金层表面涂有封孔终饰层。
6、 根据权利要求 4或 5所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所述锌铝稀土伪合金层中, 锌铝稀土金属形成的金属相中含有富锌相、 富铝相、 富锌铝 稀土合金相及其金属间化合物, 优选各金属化合物的重量组分含量为:
富锌相: 50.0~85.0%, 富铝相: 10.0~45.0%, 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化合物:
0.02-10%, 其总和满足 100%;
进一步优选富锌相: 68.0~85.0%, 富铝相: 10.0~30.0%, 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属 间化合物: 0.02~8%; 更优选富锌相: 73.0~85.0%, 富铝相: 12.0~25.0%, 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化 合物: 0.02-5%;
其中, 优选所述富锌相组成为 Zn: 58-98%, AI: 1 -40%, RE: 1〜5.0%; 富铝相组 成为 AI: 55-98%, Zn: 1 .5-40%, RE: 0.01〜5.0%; 富锌铝稀土合金相及其金属间化合 物的组成为 Zn: 60-95%, AI: 0.5-35%, RE: 0.1〜10.0%。
7、 根据权利要求 2或 5所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所 述封孔终饰层优选为水性涂料层、 溶剂型涂料层或者粉末涂料层, 所述封孔终饰层的厚度为 60-180μιη, 优选 100-150μιη。
8、 根据权利要求 2或 4所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: Zn 56-85%, A1 14-42%。
9、根据权利要求 2或 4所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: RE 优选为 0.05-2%, 进一步优选 0.1-1.0%, 更优选 0.6-1.0%。
10、 根据权利要求 2或 3或 4或 5所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征 在于: 所述锌铝稀土合金层或锌铝稀土伪合金层单位面积上的重量为 130-400g/m2, 优选 200g/m2
11、根据权利要求 9所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层,其特征在于: 所述 RE 为镧、 铈、 镨、 钕、 钷、 钐、 铕、 钆、 铽、 镝、 钬、 铒、 铥、 镱、 镥、 钪、 钇中的至少一种; 优选镧、 铈、 镨、 钕中的至少一种; 更优选镧、 铈中的至少一种。
12、 一种埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所述防腐涂层包括锌铝镁 稀土多元伪合金层, 优选在所述锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层表面涂有封孔终饰层, 所述黑色金 属基管道优选为铁基管道, 更优选为铸铁管道, 更优选为球墨铸铁管道;
所述锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层包括如下重量组分的物质:
A1: 5〜85 %;
RE: 0.01〜5 %;
Zn: 30〜95 %;
Mg: 0.05-10%。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所述 锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层中, 锌铝镁稀土金属形成的金属相中含有富锌相、 富铝相、 富铝镁 合金相、少量富锌铝镁稀土合金相及其金属间化合物, 优选各金属化合物的重量组分含量为: 富锌相: 35.0~90.0%, 富铝相: 8.0~55.0%, 富铝镁合金相: 0.5~10.0%, 富锌铝镁稀 土合金相及其金属间化合物: 0.01 ~5.0%, 其总和满足 100%; 进一步优选富锌相: 50.0~85.0%, 富铝相: 10.0~45.0%, 富铝镁合金相: 0.5~8.0%, 富锌铝镁稀土合金相及其金属间化合物: 0.05~4.0%;
更优选其中富锌相: 65.0~80.0%, 富铝相: 15.0~33.0%, 富铝镁合金相: 0.5~5.0%, 富锌铝镁稀土合金相及其金属间化合物: 0.05~3.0%;
优选富锌相组成为 Zn: 55-98%, AI: 1 -40%, Mg: 0.01 -10%, RE: 0.01〜5.0%; 富铝相组成为 AI: 50-90%, Zn: 5-45%, Mg: 0.01 -10%, RE: 0.01〜5.0%; 富铝镁合 金相组成为 AI: 90-95%, Mg: 1 -5%, RE: 0.01 -5.0%; 优选富锌铝镁稀土合金相及其金 属间化合物组成为 Zn: 60-90%, Ah 5-30%, Mg: 0.01 -1 .0%, RE: 1〜10.0%。
14、 根据权利要求 12 所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: RE 优选为 0.05~1%, 进一步优选 0.1~0.5%; 所述 Mg的含量优选为 0.5~2.0%。
15、 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所述锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层的制备方法可以采取等径等速、 等径异速、 等速异径的喷涂方 式。
16、 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所述封孔终饰层优选为有机或无机涂料层, 所述封孔层的厚度为 100-150μιη。
17、 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所述锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层单位面积上的重量为 130-400g/m2, 优选 200g/m2
18、 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所述锌铝镁稀土多元伪合金层还包括 Cu、 ln、 Mn、 Sn、 Li、 Si、 Ti、 Pb中一种或一种以上 的任意组合。
19、 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的埋地黑色金属基管道用复合防腐涂层, 其特征在于: 所述 RE为镧、 铈、 镨、 钕、 钷、 钐、 铕、 钆、 铽、 镝、 钬、 铒、 铥、 镱、 镥、 钪、 钇中的 至少一种; 优选镧、 铈、 镨、 钕中的至少一种; 更优选镧、 铈中的至少一种。
20、权利要求 1-19任一项所述的一种黑色金属基管道用防腐涂层的喷涂方法,其特征在 于采用电弧喷涂, 所述方法为:
所述涂层包括 ZnAIRE元素时, 利用两根组成不同的丝材, 在管基体上沉积出 ZnAIRE 三元伪合金层, 或利用两根组成相同的 ZnAIRE合金丝, 在管基体上沉积出 ZnAIRE合金层; 优选为采用一根稀土锌丝 +铝丝形成锌铝稀土伪合金涂层或采用两根相同的锌铝稀土合金丝 形成锌铝稀土合金涂层;
所述涂层包括 ZnAlMgRE 元素时, 利用两根组成不同的丝材, 在管基体上沉积出 ZnAlMgRE 四元伪合金层; 优选为采用一根稀土锌丝 +铝镁合金丝形成锌铝镁稀土伪合金涂 层;
所述伪合金涂层丝材选自下列丝材中的一种或两种: ZnAlRE包粉丝、 ZnAlRE包芯丝、 ZnAlRE合金丝、 Zn包芯丝、 Zn包粉丝、 A1包芯丝、 A1包粉丝、 AIRE包芯丝、 AIRE包粉 丝、 AlMg包粉丝、 AlMg包芯丝、 ZnAl包芯丝、 ZnAl包粉丝、 ZnRE合金丝、 ZnRE包芯丝、 ZnRE包粉丝、 ZnAlMg合金丝、 ZnAlMg包芯丝、 ZnAlMg包粉丝、 AlMgRE合金丝、 AlMgRE 包芯丝、 AlMgRE包粉丝、 ZnAlMgRE合金丝、 ZnAlMgRE包芯丝。
21、一种含有权利要求 1-19中任意一项所述复合防腐涂层的黑色金属基管道,其特征在 于: 所述黑色金属为铁, 所述的管道为铸铁管道, 优选球墨铸铁管道。
22、一种球墨铸铁管件,其特征在于在管件基体上喷涂有权利要求 1-19任一项所述的涂 层, 优选所述的金属涂层与管道的结合强度为 12.5-16.5Mpa。
23、 一种球墨铸铁管件防腐蚀的方法, 其特征在于在管件基体上喷涂有权利要求 1-19 任一项所述的涂层。
24、 一种耐腐蚀球墨铸铁管件的制备方法, 其特征在于采用权利要求 20 的方法在管件 基体上喷涂有权利要求 1-19任一项所述的涂层, 优选所述的耐腐蚀球墨铸铁管件是耐土壤腐 蚀, 适用于土壤环境。
PCT/CN2013/073656 2012-04-17 2013-04-02 一种埋地黑色金属基管道防腐涂层及其喷涂方法 WO2013155934A1 (zh)

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