WO2013146231A1 - Capteur de déformation - Google Patents

Capteur de déformation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013146231A1
WO2013146231A1 PCT/JP2013/056824 JP2013056824W WO2013146231A1 WO 2013146231 A1 WO2013146231 A1 WO 2013146231A1 JP 2013056824 W JP2013056824 W JP 2013056824W WO 2013146231 A1 WO2013146231 A1 WO 2013146231A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
deformation
layer
sensor element
input panel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/056824
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
勝 村山
雄紀 齋藤
村松　篤
Original Assignee
東海ゴム工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 東海ゴム工業株式会社 filed Critical 東海ゴム工業株式会社
Publication of WO2013146231A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013146231A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
    • G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G01L1/205—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using distributed sensing elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04105—Pressure sensors for measuring the pressure or force exerted on the touch surface without providing the touch position

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a deformation sensor used for an input terminal device such as a smartphone or a mobile phone.
  • touch sensors capable of detecting plane direction coordinates have been arranged in input terminal devices such as smartphones and mobile phones. That is, the input terminal device detects the position of the operator's finger (coordinates in the surface direction of the input panel) with the touch sensor and performs an operation according to the coordinates.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose load sensors that can detect a load applied in the front and back direction.
  • the load sensor of Patent Document 3 includes a resistance increasing type sensor thin film, a load transmission plate, and an elastic plate.
  • the load transmission plate is laminated on the front side of the sensor thin film.
  • the load transmission plate includes a plurality of convex portions.
  • the elastic plate is laminated on the back side of the sensor thin film. The elastic plate is elastically deformable.
  • the load is transmitted from the front side to the sensor thin film through a plurality of convex portions of the load transmission plate.
  • the portion of the sensor thin film that is pressed by the convex portion protrudes to the back side.
  • the portion of the sensor thin film that is not pressed by the convex portion is supported by the elastic plate from the back side. For this reason, the said part is hard to protrude to a back side.
  • the load transmitting plate on the front side of the sensor thin film and the elastic plate on the back side, the elastic deformation (bending deformation) of the sensor thin film can be promoted. For this reason, according to the load sensor of the literature, the load detection accuracy is increased.
  • the amount of deformation in the front and back direction of the input panel when an indentation load is input by the operator is extremely small.
  • an assembly error may occur between a plurality of input terminal devices of the same model due to dimensional accuracy or the like.
  • the assembly error is larger than the amount of deformation of the input panel in the front / back direction, it is difficult for the sensor to detect the amount of deformation of the input panel in the front / back direction. That is, it is difficult to accurately detect the push amount and push load of the operator.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a deformation sensor capable of accurately detecting an indentation parameter (for example, an indentation amount and an indentation load).
  • a deformation sensor of the present invention includes a main body having a screen on the surface, an input panel that covers the screen from the front side, and a pressing load is applied by an operator, the main body, and the input panel A sensor housing section that is partitioned between the input terminal device, the base panel, and the input panel deformed in response to the indentation load stacked on the front surface or the back surface of the base layer.
  • the sensor element having a sensor layer whose electrical resistance changes due to deformation, and is arranged on at least one of the front side and the back side of the sensor element, and in advance in the no-load state where the pushing load is not applied, And a predeformation imparting layer capable of imparting elastic deformation.
  • the “deformation” of the input panel includes displacement. That is, the case where the input panel moves entirely from the front side to the back side and the case where a part of the input panel bends from the front side to the back side are included.
  • the “deformation” of the sensor layer includes not only elastic deformation but also deformation accompanying opening and closing of the crack when the sensor layer has a crack. Even in this case, the sensor element can be elastically deformed as a whole by elastically deforming the sensor element other than the sensor layer (for example, the base layer).
  • the sensor element is already elastically deformed with respect to the natural state (non-elastically deformed state) in the no-load state. For this reason, at least a part of the assembly error of the input terminal device can be absorbed by the elastic deformation amount. Therefore, it is possible to accurately detect a pressing parameter (for example, a pressing amount, a pressing load, etc.) related to a change in the electrical resistance of the sensor layer when the operator applies a pressing load to the input panel.
  • a pressing parameter for example, a pressing amount, a pressing load, etc.
  • the sensor layer is laminated on the base layer.
  • the base layer constrains free deformation of the surface of the sensor layer on the base layer side. For this reason, bending deformation can be induced in the sensor layer by the indentation load.
  • the sensor layer is preferably configured to be elastically deformed when the input panel is deformed in accordance with the indentation load.
  • the electrical resistance of the sensor layer changes (increase in resistance, decrease in resistance) due to elastic deformation of the sensor layer.
  • the input terminal device includes a support frame that supports the input panel so that the input panel can be deformed in a front-back direction with respect to the screen. , Having an in-frame portion arranged in the frame of the support frame when viewed from the front side of the input panel, and point-symmetrical with respect to the center of gravity in the surface direction of the in-frame portion when viewed from the front side of the input panel Or it is better to have a configuration in which the lines are symmetrical with respect to a straight line passing through the center of gravity.
  • the deformation sensor of this configuration is arranged so as to be point-symmetric with respect to the center of gravity in the surface direction of the in-frame portion or line-symmetric with respect to a straight line passing through the center of gravity as viewed from the front side of the input panel. For this reason, the indentation load can be transmitted to the deformation sensor regardless of the surface direction coordinates to which the indentation load is input. Further, the transmission loss of the indentation load to the deformation sensor is reduced.
  • the length in the front and back direction before the deformation sensor is accommodated in the sensor accommodating portion is the set front length
  • the deformation sensor is the sensor.
  • the sensor element when the deformation sensor is accommodated in the sensor accommodating portion, the sensor element can be elastically deformed by applying a compressive force to at least a part of the deformation sensor from the front and back directions. That is, it is possible to impart elastic deformation to the sensor element by using the deformation sensor setting operation.
  • the absolute value of the variation in the length in the front-and-back direction of the sensor housing portion among the plurality of input terminal devices is assembled, the pre-set length and the post-set length It is better that the compression allowance is larger than the assembling variation.
  • “variation” means, for example, the maximum value of deviation from the design value of the front and back direction length of the sensor housing (reference state without variation), the design value of the front and back direction length of the sensor housing (variation Difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the deviation from the standard condition), and the variance, standard deviation, average absolute deviation, and average of the deviation from the design value of the front and back direction of the sensor housing (standard condition with no variation) It means a difference.
  • the assembly variation can be absorbed by the compression allowance. Therefore, the indentation parameter can be detected with high accuracy.
  • the maximum deformation amount in the front and back direction of the input panel may be smaller than the assembly variation.
  • the maximum deformation amount in the front and back direction of the input panel is smaller than the assembling variation, even if the operator pushes the input panel, the deformation sensor hardly detects the push parameter.
  • the compression allowance is larger than the assembly variation. For this reason, even if the maximum deformation amount in the front and back direction of the input panel is smaller than the assembling variation, the indentation parameter can be reliably detected.
  • a direction in which the sensor housing portion extends is defined as a housing portion extending direction, and a direction intersecting the housing portion extending direction.
  • the pre-deformation imparting layer has a rib presser that protrudes toward the sensor element side and has a support part that extends in the accommodating part extending direction and supports the sensor element.
  • the sensor layer including a plurality of sensor bodies stacked on the other surface of the base layer and extending in the intersecting direction, and the support portion straddling each sensor body It is better to have a configuration including a plurality of wiring bodies that electrically connect all the sensor bodies in series so that a conduction path is formed.
  • the sensor element has a base layer, a sensor layer, and a wiring body.
  • the sensor element is supported by the support portion of the rib presser from the base layer side, not from the sensor layer side. That is, each member (rib presser (predeformation imparting layer), base layer, sensor layer) is arranged in the order of “rib presser ⁇ base layer ⁇ sensor layer”.
  • each member is arranged in this manner, the sensor layer is curved with the surface on the base layer side inward by the support portion of the rib presser. For this reason, the change in the electrical resistance of the sensor layer when the operator applies a pressing load to the input panel can be increased as compared with the case where the sensor layer is curved with the surface opposite to the base layer inward. .
  • the pre-deformation imparting layer is disposed on the back side of the sensor element, and the rib pusher protrudes on the front side, and is further disposed on the front side of the sensor element.
  • the sensor element includes a deformation promoting layer that promotes elastic deformation of a portion of the sensor element that is not supported by the support portion from the back side by elastic deformation.
  • the deformation promoting layer is arranged on the front side (indentation load input side) of the plurality of sensor bodies.
  • a predeformation imparting layer including a rib presser is disposed on the back side of the plurality of sensor bodies.
  • the plurality of sensor bodies are supported by the support portion of the rib presser from the back side.
  • the portion supported by the support portion protrudes to the front side.
  • stimulation layer makes the back part project the part which is not supported by the support part from the back side among several sensor bodies by elastically deforming itself.
  • the plurality of sensor bodies in a no-load state, can be greatly curved so as to protrude to the front side (for example, to be “C-shaped” opened to the back side). Moreover, according to this structure, the bending deformation of the several sensor body when an indentation load is added from an operator can be accelerated
  • the spring constant in the front / back direction of the deformation promoting layer can be easily changed. That is, the elastic deformation amount of the deformation promoting layer with respect to the indentation load can be adjusted. Thereby, the value of the electrical resistance with respect to the bending deformation amount of the plurality of sensor bodies can be set within a desired range. Further, according to this configuration, the impact of the indentation load is absorbed by the deformation promoting layer. For this reason, damage to the deformation sensor is reduced. Moreover, the reproducibility of the response to the indentation load is enhanced by the elastic restoring force of the deformation promoting layer.
  • the pre-deformation imparting layer has a plurality of pushers arranged on the back side of the sensor element and projecting to the front side.
  • the sensor element is arranged on the front side of the sensor element and elastically deforms itself so that the sensor element is provided with a deformation promoting layer that promotes elastic deformation of the part not supported by the pusher from the back side. Good.
  • the deformation promoting layer is disposed on the front side (indentation load input side) of the sensor element.
  • a predeformation imparting layer including a plurality of pushers is disposed on the back side of the sensor element.
  • the sensor element is supported by a plurality of pushers from the back side. A portion of the sensor element supported by the pusher from the back side protrudes to the front side.
  • stimulation layer makes the part which is not supported by the presser from a back side protrudes in a back side among the sensor elements by elastically deforming itself.
  • a sensor element ie, a sensor layer
  • a sensor element can be greatly curved in the front-back direction in a no-load state.
  • the bending deformation of the sensor layer when a pressing load is applied from the operator can be promoted.
  • the indentation parameter can be detected with high accuracy.
  • the spring constant in the front / back direction of the deformation promoting layer can be easily changed. That is, the elastic deformation amount of the deformation promoting layer with respect to the indentation load can be adjusted. Thereby, the value of the electrical resistance with respect to the bending deformation amount of the sensor layer can be set within a desired range. Further, according to this configuration, the impact of the indentation load is absorbed by the deformation promoting layer. For this reason, damage to the deformation sensor is reduced. Moreover, the reproducibility of the response to the indentation load is enhanced by the elastic restoring force of the deformation promoting layer.
  • the pre-deformation imparting layer is disposed on the back side of the sensor element and has a plurality of back side pushers protruding to the front side.
  • the sensor element can be provided with irregularities in the front and back direction by the back side pusher and the front side pusher. For this reason, according to this structure, a sensor element, ie, a sensor layer, can be greatly curved in the front-back direction in a no-load state. Moreover, according to this structure, the bending deformation of the sensor layer when a pressing load is applied from the operator can be promoted. For this reason, the indentation parameter can be detected with high accuracy.
  • the sensor layer includes a base material made of a resin or an elastomer, and a conductive filler blended in the base material. And having a configuration in which the electrical resistance increases as the amount of elastic deformation increases.
  • the sensor element is already elastically deformed with respect to the natural state in the no-load state. That is, the electrical resistance of the sensor layer is increased with respect to the natural state.
  • the electrical resistance further increases. According to this configuration, the indentation parameter related to the increase in the electric resistance can be detected with high accuracy.
  • the base material of the sensor layer is a resin or an elastomer.
  • the sensor layer has a high degree of freedom in shape design. Therefore, even if the shape of the sensor accommodating portion is complicated, the deformation sensor can be easily arranged.
  • the conductive filler has a spherical shape and is blended in the base material in a substantially single particle state with a high filling rate.
  • the spherical conductive filler is blended in the base material in a substantially single particle state with a high filling rate.
  • substantially single particle state means that 50% by weight or more when the total weight of the conductive filler is 100% by weight is present not in the form of aggregated secondary particles but in the form of single primary particles.
  • high filling rate means that the conductive filler is blended in a state close to closest packing.
  • the electrical resistance of the sensor layer can be increased as the amount of elastic deformation of the sensor layer increases by devising the blending state of the conductive filler.
  • the sensor layer is preferably formed from a sensor layer paint including a component for forming the sensor layer.
  • a sensor layer can be easily arrange
  • the degree of freedom in design with respect to the shape of the sensor layer, the thickness in the front-back direction, and the like is increased.
  • a control device including a calculation unit and a storage unit
  • the storage unit includes an electrical resistance of the sensor layer
  • a correlation table with the indentation parameter to be detected is stored, and the calculation unit is preferably configured to correct the correlation table based on the electric resistance of the sensor layer in the no-load state.
  • the correlation table can be corrected according to the size of assembly variation. For this reason, it is possible to accurately detect the indentation parameter regardless of the size of the assembly variation.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an input terminal device in which a deformation sensor according to the first embodiment is arranged.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the input terminal device.
  • FIG. 3 is a transparent top view of the input terminal device.
  • 4 is a cross-sectional view in the IV-IV direction of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view in the frame V of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged view in the frame VI of FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view in the left-right direction of the deformation sensor before setting.
  • FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view in the left-right direction of the operation state of the deformation sensor.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the deformation sensor.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the deformation sensor.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the pushing amount and the electrical resistance.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view in the left-right direction of the input terminal device in which the deformation sensor according to the second embodiment is arranged.
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged view in the frame XII of FIG.
  • FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view in the left-right direction of the deformation sensor before setting.
  • FIG. 14 is a top view of the deformation sensor of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a transparent top view of the input terminal device in which the deformation sensor of the fourth embodiment is arranged.
  • FIG. 18 is an enlarged view in the frame XVIII of FIG.
  • FIG. 19 is a top view of an input terminal device in which a deformation sensor according to another embodiment (part 1) is arranged.
  • FIG. 20A is a partial perspective view of an input terminal device in which a deformation sensor according to another embodiment (part 2) is arranged.
  • FIG. 20B is a partial perspective view of the input terminal device in which the deformation sensor according to the other embodiment (part 3) is arranged.
  • FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view in the left-right direction of an input terminal device in which a deformation sensor according to another embodiment (part 4) is arranged.
  • FIG. 22 is a partial cross-sectional view in the front-rear direction of the sensor element in a no-load state of the deformation sensor of the other embodiment (No. 5).
  • Deformation sensor 1: Deformation sensor. 2: sensor element, 20: base layer, 21: sensor layer, 210: sensor body, 22: insulating layer, 23: cover layer, 24: electrode, 25: wiring body. 3: Pre-deformation imparting layer, 30: Presser, 31: Substrate, 32: Rib presser, 320: Support part. 4: Deformation promoting layer. 5: Back side predeformation imparting layer, 50: Back side presser. 6: Front side predeformation imparting layer, 60: Front side presser. 7: control device, 70: computer, 700: arithmetic unit, 701: storage unit, 71: input / output interface. 8: Finger, 80: Conductive layer.
  • 9 Input terminal device, 90: Main body, 900: Screen, 901: Panel housing portion, 91: Input panel, 910: In-frame portion, 911: Fixed portion, 92: Sensor housing portion, 93: Support frame, 930: Notch Department.
  • F Indentation load
  • G Center of gravity
  • L1 Length before setting
  • L2 Length after setting
  • L3 Vertical length
  • L3D Vertical length
  • L3U Vertical length
  • L4 Compression allowance
  • L5 Maximum deformation
  • M Maximum deformation
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an input terminal device in which the deformation sensor of the present embodiment is arranged.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the input terminal device.
  • FIG. 3 shows a transparent top view of the input terminal device.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view in the IV-IV direction of FIG.
  • the input terminal device 9 includes a main body 90, an input panel 91, a sensor accommodating portion 92, a support frame 93, a touch sensor (not shown), and a control device (not shown). And.
  • the main body 90 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the main body 90 includes a screen 900 and a panel housing portion 901.
  • the panel accommodating portion 901 has a rectangular shape.
  • the panel accommodating portion 901 is recessed on the upper surface of the main body 90.
  • the screen 900 has a rectangular shape.
  • the screen 900 is disposed on the bottom surface of the panel housing portion 901.
  • a plurality of touch buttons (not shown) are displayed on the screen 900.
  • the support frame 93 is a double-sided tape.
  • the support frame 93 has a rectangular frame shape.
  • the lower surface of the support frame 93 is bonded to the bottom surface of the panel housing portion 901.
  • the support frame 93 is disposed around the screen 900.
  • a pair of notches 930 are formed on both front and rear edges of the inner edge of the support frame 93 so that the support frame 93 does not interfere with a sensor housing portion 92 described later.
  • the input panel 91 has a transparent rectangular plate shape. As shown by a dotted line in FIG. 2, the input panel 91 includes an in-frame portion 910 and a fixed portion 911.
  • the fixed portion 911 has a rectangular frame shape.
  • the fixed portion 911 is bonded to the upper surface of the support frame 93. That is, the support frame 93 joins the panel housing portion 901, that is, the main body 90, and the fixed portion 911, that is, the input panel 91.
  • the in-frame portion 910 has a rectangular shape. When viewed from above, the in-frame portion 910 is disposed within the frame of the fixed portion 911, that is, within the frame of the support frame 93.
  • the in-frame portion 910 can be elastically deformed in the vertical direction.
  • the vertical thickness of the support frame 93 ensures the vertical stroke of the in-frame portion 910.
  • the sensor housing portion 92 is partitioned between the bottom surface of the panel housing portion 901 and the lower surface of the input panel 91.
  • the sensor accommodating portion 92 is disposed on the outer side in the horizontal direction of both front and rear edges of the screen 900. That is, a pair of sensor accommodating portions 92 are arranged along the short side of the screen 900.
  • Each of the pair of sensor accommodating portions 92 has a linear shape extending in the left-right direction.
  • the touch sensor detects the horizontal coordinate of the operator's finger. Note that the pressing amount (vertical distance) of the operator's finger is detected by a deformation sensor described later.
  • FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view in the frame V of FIG.
  • FIG. 6 shows an enlarged view in the frame VI of FIG.
  • the deformation sensor 1 is disposed in a pair of sensor accommodating portions 92. That is, a pair of deformation sensors 1 are arranged along the short side of the screen 900. Each of the pair of deformation sensors 1 has a narrow strip shape extending in the left-right direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the pair of deformation sensors 1 are arranged so as to be point-symmetric with respect to the horizontal center of gravity G of the in-frame portion 910 when viewed from the front side of the input panel 91. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the deformation sensor 1 includes a sensor element 2, a predeformation imparting layer 3, and a deformation promoting layer 4.
  • the sensor element 2 includes a base layer 20, a sensor layer 21, an insulating layer 22, a cover layer 23, a pair of electrodes 24, and wiring (not shown).
  • the base layer 20 is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the pair of electrodes 24 are made of a silver-containing conductive resin and are laminated on the upper surface of the base layer 20.
  • the pair of electrodes 24 is screen-printed on both left and right ends of the upper surface of the base layer 20.
  • the wiring is also screen-printed on the upper surface of the base layer 20 in a predetermined pattern.
  • the sensor layer 21 is composed of an epoxy resin (base material) and carbon beads (conductive filler) in a substantially single particle state with a high filling rate.
  • the filling rate of the carbon beads is about 45 vol% when the volume of the sensor layer 21 is 100 vol%.
  • the sensor layer 21 is laminated on the upper surfaces of the base layer 20 and the pair of electrodes 24.
  • the sensor layer 21 is screen-printed on the upper surface of the base layer 20 through the pair of electrodes 24.
  • the insulating layer 22 is made of acrylic resin and is laminated on the upper surface of the sensor layer 21.
  • the cover layer 23 is made of acrylic rubber and is laminated on the upper surface of the insulating layer 22.
  • the predeformation imparting layer 3 includes a plurality of pressers 30.
  • the predeformation imparting layer 3 is disposed below the sensor element 2.
  • each of the plurality of pressers 30 is made of phenol resin and has a cylindrical shape with a spherical upper end.
  • the plurality of pushers 30 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the left-right direction.
  • the plurality of pressers 30 protrude from the bottom surface of the panel housing portion 901.
  • the plurality of pushers 30 partially support the lower surface of the base layer 20, that is, the lower surface of the sensor element 2 from below.
  • (Deformation promoting layer 4) As shown in FIG. 4, the deformation promoting layer 4 is interposed between the lower surface of the input panel 91 and the upper surface of the sensor element 2.
  • the deformation promoting layer 4 is made of acrylic rubber.
  • the deformation promoting layer 4 is entirely bonded to the upper surface of the cover layer 23, that is, the upper surface of the sensor element 2.
  • the portion of the sensor element 2 that is supported by the presser 30 from below projects upward due to the pressing force applied from the presser 30.
  • a portion of the sensor element 2 that is not supported by the presser 30 from below protrudes downward due to the elastic force applied from the deformation promoting layer 4.
  • the sensor element 2 has a wavy shape that swells in the vertical direction when viewed from the front or the rear in a no-load state in which no pressing load is applied by the operator.
  • the sensor element 2 has already been elastically deformed with respect to the natural state in spite of the unloaded state.
  • the electrical resistance of the sensor element 2 has already increased in the post-set state (elastically deformed state) with respect to the pre-set state (natural state) described later.
  • the vertical length in the post-setting state of the deformation sensor 1 (the state after being housed in the sensor housing portion 92), that is, the post-setting length L ⁇ b> 2 is the vertical length of the sensor housing portion 92. It matches with L3. As shown in FIG. 4, the vertical length L ⁇ b> 3 of the sensor housing portion 92 matches the vertical thickness of the support frame 93.
  • FIG. 7 corresponds to FIG.
  • the sensor element 2 As shown in FIG. 7, no pressing force is applied to the sensor element 2 from the pre-deformation imparting layer 3 in the state before setting. In addition, no elastic force is applied to the sensor element 2 from the deformation promoting layer 4. For this reason, the sensor element 2 has a linear shape, not a wavy shape. In other words, the sensor element 2 is in a natural state.
  • the vertical length of the deformation sensor 1 before setting is the vertical thickness of the pre-deformation imparting layer 3, the vertical thickness of the sensor element 2, and the vertical thickness of the deformation promoting layer 4. Is the sum of
  • a pressing force is applied from the predeformation imparting layer 3 to the sensor element 2 using the compression force.
  • an elastic force is applied from the deformation promoting layer 4 to the sensor element 2. That is, the sensor element 2 is elastically deformed in a wavy line shape.
  • FIG. 8 shows a partial cross-sectional view in the left-right direction of the operation state of the deformation sensor of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 corresponds to FIG.
  • the operator applies a pushing load F to the touch buttons on the screen through the input panel 91. That is, the operator pushes the in-frame portion 910 of the input panel 91 downward from above by the push load F.
  • the in-frame portion 910 is pushed in, the deformation promoting layer 4 is also pushed down while being compressed from above and below. For this reason, the indentation load F is transmitted to the deformation sensor 1 through the deformation promoting layer 4.
  • a portion of the sensor element 2 that is not supported by the presser 30 from below receives the pressing load F and bulges downward.
  • the waveform undulation (amplitude) of the sensor element 2 becomes larger compared to the no-load state shown in FIG. That is, the amount of elastic deformation of the sensor element 2 is larger than that in the no-load state shown in FIG. Therefore, the electrical resistance between the pair of electrodes 24 shown in FIG. 6 increases.
  • the deformation sensor 1 Based on the change of the electrical resistance (including the amount of electricity related to the electrical resistance (including voltage, current, etc.)), the deformation sensor 1 is the amount by which the operator's finger 8 is pressed (the amount of deformation of the input panel 91 in the vertical direction). Is detected.
  • the touch sensor of the input terminal device 9 detects the horizontal coordinate of the operator's finger 8.
  • the control device (not shown) of the input terminal device 9 specifies the touch button selected by the operator based on the horizontal coordinate detected from the touch sensor.
  • the control device specifies an operation associated with the touch button for each pressing amount based on the pressing amount detected from the deformation sensor 1. And the input terminal device 9 performs the said operation
  • the vertical length L3U of the sensor housing portion 92 when the assembly variation ⁇ L occurs in the extending direction is larger than the vertical length L3 of the sensor housing portion 92 when the assembly variation ⁇ L does not occur. It ’s big. For this reason, if the compression margin L4 is not set for the deformation sensor 1 (specifically, the length L1 before setting of the deformation sensor 1 matches the length L2 after setting, and the length before setting) When the height L1 coincides with the vertical length L3 of the sensor housing portion 92 when the assembly variation ⁇ L does not occur), a gap is generated in the sensor housing portion 92 by the assembly variation ⁇ L.
  • the deformation sensor 1 has a compression allowance L4.
  • the compression allowance L4 is larger than the maximum value of the assembly variation ⁇ L. For this reason, a gap does not occur between the lower surface of the in-frame portion 910 of the input panel 91 and the upper surface of the deformation sensor 1 regardless of the size of the assembly variation ⁇ L. Therefore, the indentation load F can be smoothly transmitted to the deformation sensor 1.
  • the vertical length L3D of the sensor housing portion 92 when the assembly variation ⁇ L occurs in the shortening direction is smaller than the vertical length L3 of the sensor housing portion 92 when the assembly variation ⁇ L does not occur. It ’s small. Therefore, no gap is generated between the lower surface of the in-frame portion 910 of the input panel 91 and the upper surface of the deformation sensor 1 regardless of the presence or absence of the compression allowance L4. Therefore, the indentation load F can be smoothly transmitted to the deformation sensor 1. Further, the compressive force applied to the sensor element 2 is increased by the amount of assembly variation ⁇ L. For this reason, the wave
  • FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of the deformation sensor of the present embodiment.
  • the control device 7 of the deformation sensor 1 includes a computer 70 and an input / output interface 71.
  • the computer 70 includes a calculation unit 700 and a storage unit 701.
  • the input / output interface 71 is electrically connected to the pair of sensor layers 21.
  • the electrical resistance between the pair of electrodes 24 is transmitted from the sensor layer 21 to the input / output interface 71.
  • the storage unit 701 stores in advance a correlation table between the electrical resistance between the pair of electrodes 24 and the pressing amount.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the indentation amount and the electrical resistance. As schematically shown in FIG. 10, when the assembly variation ⁇ L is 0 (in the case of the vertical length L3 shown in FIG. 7), the electrical resistance in the no-load state is a.
  • the correlation line A is a graph of the correlation table stored in the storage unit 701.
  • the calculation unit 700 corrects the correlation table in the storage unit 701 by the correction amount (ab). That is, the correlation line A is shifted to the correlation line B.
  • the calculation unit 700 corrects the correlation table in the storage unit 701 by the correction amount (ca). That is, the correlation line A is shifted to the correlation line C.
  • the initial value adjustment method is executed, for example, when the operation system of the input terminal device 9 is activated or when application software is activated.
  • the effect of the deformation sensor of this embodiment is demonstrated.
  • the sensor element 2 is already elastically deformed with respect to the natural state in the no-load state. For this reason, at least a part of the assembly error of the input terminal device 9 can be absorbed by the elastic deformation amount. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to accurately detect the pressing parameter (the pressing amount) related to the change in the electrical resistance of the sensor layer 21 when the operator applies the pressing load F to the input panel 91. .
  • a sensor layer 21 is laminated on the upper surface of the base layer 20.
  • the base layer 20 restrains free elastic deformation of the surface (lower surface) of the sensor layer 21 on the base layer 20 side. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 8, bending deformation can be induced in the sensor layer 21 by the indentation load F.
  • the indentation load F is mainly converted into bending deformation. The indentation amount can be detected based on the change in electrical resistance based on the bending deformation.
  • the pair of front and rear deformation sensors 1 are arranged so as to be point-symmetric with respect to the horizontal center of gravity G of the in-frame portion 910 when viewed from above. For this reason, the indentation load F can be transmitted to the pair of deformation sensors 1 regardless of the horizontal coordinate to which the indentation load F is input. Further, the transmission loss of the indentation load F with respect to the pair of deformation sensors 1 is reduced.
  • the length L1 before setting of the deformation sensor 1 is larger by the compression allowance L4 than the length L2 after setting.
  • the predeformation imparting layer 3 imparts elastic deformation to the sensor element 2 using the compression allowance L4. According to the deformation sensor 1 of the present embodiment, elastic deformation can be imparted to the sensor element 2 by using the setting operation of the deformation sensor 1 with respect to the sensor housing portion 92.
  • the compression allowance L4 of the deformation sensor 1 is larger than the assembling variation ⁇ L. For this reason, the assembly variation ⁇ L can be absorbed by the compression allowance L4. Therefore, it is possible to detect the pushing amount with high accuracy.
  • the maximum vertical deformation amount L5 of the in-frame portion 910 of the input panel 91 is smaller than the assembly variation ⁇ L. For this reason, even if the operator pushes the in-frame portion 910, the deformation sensor 1 is difficult to detect the push amount.
  • the compression allowance L4 is larger than the assembly variation ⁇ L. For this reason, it is possible to reliably detect the pushing amount.
  • the deformation promoting layer 4 is disposed above the sensor element 2 (on the input side of the indentation load F).
  • a predeformation imparting layer 3 including a plurality of pushers 30 is disposed below the sensor element 2.
  • the sensor element 2 is supported by a plurality of pushers 30 from below. A portion of the sensor element 2 supported by the pusher 30 from below projects upward.
  • the deformation promoting layer 4 is elastically deformed, a portion of the sensor element 2 that is not supported by the pusher 30 is projected downward.
  • the sensor element 2, that is, the sensor layer 21 can be greatly curved in the vertical direction in a no-load state.
  • the bending deformation of the sensor layer 21 when the pressing load F is applied from the operator can be promoted. For this reason, the pushing amount can be detected with high accuracy.
  • the spring constant in the vertical direction of the deformation promoting layer 4 can be easily changed. That is, the elastic deformation amount of the deformation promoting layer 4 with respect to the indentation load F can be adjusted. Thereby, the value of the electrical resistance with respect to the bending deformation amount of the sensor layer 21 can be set within a desired range.
  • the impact of the indentation load F is absorbed by the deformation promotion layer 4. For this reason, damage to the deformation sensor 1 is reduced. Further, the reproducibility of the response to the indentation load F is enhanced by the elastic restoring force of the deformation promoting layer 4.
  • the base material of the sensor layer 21 is an epoxy resin. For this reason, the sensor layer 21 has a high degree of freedom in shape design. Therefore, even if the shape of the sensor housing portion 92 is complicated, the deformation sensor 1 can be easily arranged.
  • the sensor layer 21 is formed by screen-printing the sensor layer paint on the base layer 20. For this reason, the sensor layer 21 can be arranged easily. In addition, the degree of freedom in design with respect to the shape of the sensor layer 21 and the thickness in the front and back direction is increased.
  • the vertical stroke of the in-frame portion 910 of the input panel 91 can be secured by the vertical thickness of the support frame 93 (double-sided tape). it can. Further, in a no-load state, a compressive force can be applied to the sensor element 2 by the adhesive force of the support frame 93. That is, the sensor element 2 can be held in a wavy shape against the elastic force of the deformation promoting layer 4.
  • the deformation sensor 1 of the present embodiment executes the initial value adjustment method, for example, when the operation system of the input terminal device 9 is activated or when an application is activated. For this reason, it is possible to accurately detect the push-in amount regardless of the size of the assembly variation ⁇ L.
  • each layer base layer 20, sensor layer 21, insulating layer 22, cover layer 23, pair of electrodes 24, pre-deformation imparting layer 3, deformation promoting layer 4
  • the “sagging” of each layer due to the indentation load F can be compensated.
  • the push amount can be detected with high accuracy.
  • ⁇ Second embodiment> The difference between the deformation sensor of the present embodiment and the deformation sensor of the first embodiment is that a back side pre-deformation imparting layer is disposed below the sensor element, and a front side pre-deformation imparting layer is disposed above. .
  • a back side pre-deformation imparting layer is disposed below the sensor element, and a front side pre-deformation imparting layer is disposed above.
  • FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view in the left-right direction of the input terminal device in which the deformation sensor of this embodiment is arranged.
  • FIG. 12 shows an enlarged view in the frame XII of FIG.
  • part corresponding to FIG. 5 it shows with the same code
  • a back side pre-deformation imparting layer 5 is disposed below the sensor element 2.
  • the back side predeformation imparting layer 5 includes a plurality of back side pressers 50.
  • Each of the plurality of back side pressers 50 is made of a phenol resin and has a cylindrical shape with a flat upper end.
  • the plurality of back-side pressers 50 are printed on the lower surface of the base layer 20 by screen printing.
  • a front side predeformation imparting layer 6 is arranged above the sensor element 2.
  • the front side predeformation imparting layer 6 includes a plurality of front side pushers 60.
  • Each of the plurality of front-side pressers 60 is made of a phenol resin, and has a cylindrical shape with a flat bottom end.
  • the plurality of front-side pressers 60 are printed on the upper surface of the cover layer 23 by screen printing.
  • the plurality of back-side pushers 50 and the plurality of front-side pushers 60 are alternately arranged so as not to overlap in the vertical direction.
  • the plurality of back-side pushers 50 partially project the sensor element 2 upward.
  • the plurality of front side pushers 60 partially project the sensor element 2 downward.
  • the sensor element 2 exhibits a wavy shape that undulates in the vertical direction when viewed from the front or the rear in a no-load state in which no pressing load is applied from the operator.
  • the sensor element 2 is already elastically deformed with respect to the natural state despite being in a no-load state.
  • the vertical length in the post-setting state of the deformation sensor 1 (the state after being housed in the sensor housing portion 92), that is, the post-setting length L ⁇ b> 2 is the vertical length of the sensor housing portion 92. It matches with L3.
  • FIG. 13 shows a partial cross-sectional view in the left-right direction of the deformation sensor of the present embodiment before setting.
  • FIG. 13 corresponds to FIG.
  • the pressing force is not applied from the back side predeformation imparting layer 5 to the sensor element 2 in the state before setting.
  • no pressing force is applied to the sensor element 2 from the front side predeformation imparting layer 6.
  • the sensor element 2 has a linear shape, not a wavy shape. In other words, the sensor element 2 is in a natural state.
  • the vertical length of the deformation sensor 1 before setting is the vertical thickness of the back side pre-deformation imparting layer 5, the vertical thickness of the sensor element 2, and the vertical length of the front side pre-deformation imparting layer 6. It is the sum of the direction thickness.
  • a pressing force is applied to the sensor element 2 from the back side predeformation imparting layer 5 using the compressive force.
  • a pressing force is applied to the sensor element 2 from the front side predeformation imparting layer 6. That is, the sensor element 2 is elastically deformed in a wavy line shape.
  • the deformation sensor 1 according to the present embodiment and the deformation sensor according to the first embodiment have the same functions and effects with respect to parts having the same configuration. Further, according to the deformation sensor 1 of the present embodiment, the back side pusher 50 and the front side pusher 60 can form irregularities in the sensor element 2 in the vertical direction. For this reason, according to the deformation sensor 1 of the present embodiment, the sensor element 2, that is, the sensor layer 21 can be greatly curved in the vertical direction in a no-load state. Moreover, according to the deformation sensor 1 of this embodiment, a deformation
  • the plurality of back side pressers 50 are printed on the lower surface of the sensor element 2, and the plurality of front side pressers 60 are printed on the upper surface of the sensor element 2. That is, the sensor element 2, the back side pre-deformation imparting layer 5, and the front side pre-deformation imparting layer 6 are integrated. For this reason, the number of parts is reduced. Further, the positional accuracy and shape accuracy of the back side presser 50 and the front side presser 60 are increased.
  • ⁇ Third embodiment> The difference between the deformation sensor of this embodiment and the deformation sensor of the first embodiment is that a conductive layer is interposed between the upper surface of the base layer and the lower surface of the sensor layer.
  • a conductive layer is interposed between the upper surface of the base layer and the lower surface of the sensor layer.
  • FIG. 14 shows a top view of the deformation sensor of the present embodiment.
  • a plurality of conductive layers 80 are interposed between the upper surface of the base layer and the lower surface of the sensor layer.
  • the conductive layer 80 is made of silver paste.
  • the electric resistance of the conductive layer 80 is smaller than the electric resistance of the sensor layer in a no-load state.
  • the conductive layer 80 is disposed so as not to overlap with the presser 30.
  • the deformation sensor 1 according to the present embodiment and the deformation sensor according to the first embodiment have the same functions and effects with respect to parts having the same configuration. Further, according to the deformation sensor 1 of the present embodiment, the plurality of conductive layers 80 are partially and electrically arranged in parallel with the sensor layer. For this reason, when the cross-sectional area of the sensor layer in the short direction (cross-sectional area of the conduction path) is small, in other words, when the electric resistance of the sensor layer is large, the electric resistance of the sensor layer can be lowered.
  • the deformation sensor of the present embodiment is composed of a plurality of sensor bodies.
  • the sensor element includes a plurality of wiring bodies that connect all the sensor bodies.
  • FIG. 15 shows a transparent top view of the input terminal device in which the deformation sensor of this embodiment is arranged.
  • FIG. 16 is a partial perspective view of the input terminal device.
  • FIG. 17 shows a cross-sectional view in the XVII-XVII direction of FIG.
  • FIG. 18 is an enlarged view in the frame XVIII in FIG.
  • a pair of deformation sensors 1 are arranged along the short side of the screen 900.
  • Each of the pair of deformation sensors 1 has a strip shape extending in the left-right direction (the extending direction of the accommodating portion).
  • the pair of deformation sensors 1 are arranged so as to be point symmetric with respect to the horizontal center of gravity G of the in-frame portion 910 when viewed from the front side of the input panel 91.
  • the sensor element 2 includes a base layer 20, a sensor layer 21, and a plurality of wiring bodies 25.
  • the sensor layer 21 is composed of a plurality of sensor bodies 210.
  • the sensor body 210 extends in the front-rear direction (cross direction).
  • the plurality of sensor bodies 210 are formed by blending carbon beads (conductive filler) with an epoxy resin (base material) in a substantially single particle state with a high filling rate.
  • the filling rate of the carbon beads is about 45 vol% when the volume of the sensor body 210 is 100 vol%.
  • the plurality of sensor bodies 210 are stacked on the upper surface of the base layer 20.
  • the plurality of sensor bodies 210 are screen-printed on the upper surface of the base layer 20.
  • the plurality of wiring bodies 25 are made of a silver-containing conductive resin and are laminated on the upper surface of the base layer 20.
  • the plurality of wiring bodies 25 are screen-printed on the upper surface of the base layer 20 like the plurality of sensor bodies 210.
  • the plurality of wiring bodies 25 connect the plurality of sensor bodies 210 in a single stroke.
  • the plurality of wiring bodies 25 and the plurality of sensor bodies 210 have a rectangular wave shape extending in the left-right direction as a whole.
  • the wiring bodies 25 at the left and right ends are connected to a pair of electrodes 24. That is, the plurality of wiring bodies 25 electrically connect all the sensor bodies 210 in series.
  • the plurality of wiring bodies 25 and the plurality of sensor bodies 210 are covered from above with an insulating layer (not shown) and a cover layer (not shown).
  • the predeformation imparting layer 3 is composed of a rib presser 32 extending in the left-right direction. As shown in FIG. 16, the rib presser 32 has a semicircular shape protruding upward as viewed from the left or right. As shown by a dotted line in FIG. 18, a linear support portion 320 extending in the left-right direction is disposed at the upper end of the rib presser 32. The support part 320 supports the center part in the front-rear direction of the sensor body 210 from below. On the other hand, a deformation promoting layer 4 is laminated above the sensor element 2.
  • the part (center part in the front-rear direction) of the sensor body 210 that is supported by the support part 320 from below projects upward due to the pressing force applied from the support part 320.
  • a portion of the sensor body 210 that is not supported by the support portion 320 from below projects downward due to the elastic force applied from the deformation promoting layer 4.
  • the sensor body 210 has a C-shape that opens downward when viewed from the left or the right in a no-load state in which no pressing load is applied by the operator.
  • the sensor body 210 is already elastically deformed with respect to the natural state in spite of the unloaded state.
  • the deformation sensor 1 according to the present embodiment and the deformation sensor according to the first embodiment have the same functions and effects with respect to parts having the same configuration. Further, according to the deformation sensor 1 of the present embodiment, the sensor element 2 is supported by the rib presser 32 not from the upper side (sensor layer 21 side) but from the lower side (base layer 20 side). That is, each member (the rib presser 32 (predeformation imparting layer 3), the base layer 20, and the sensor layer 21) is arranged in the order of “rib presser 32 ⁇ base layer 20 ⁇ sensor layer 21” from the bottom to the top. ing.
  • the sensor layer 21 is curved with the lower surface (the surface on the base layer 20 side) inside by the support portion 320 of the rib presser 32. For this reason, compared with the case where the sensor layer 21 is curved with the upper surface (the surface opposite to the base layer 10) inside, the change in the electrical resistance of the sensor layer 21 when the operator applies a pressing load to the input panel 91. Can be increased.
  • the deformation sensor 1 of the present embodiment includes a deformation promoting layer 4.
  • the plurality of sensor bodies 210 can be greatly curved so as to protrude upward (front side) (so as to be “C-shaped” opened to the lower side (back side)). .
  • the bending deformation of the plurality of sensor bodies 210 when a pressing load is applied from the operator can be promoted.
  • the plurality of sensor bodies 210 and the plurality of wiring bodies 25 are screen-printed on the base layer 20. Therefore, the plurality of sensor bodies 210 and the plurality of wiring bodies 25 can be easily and accurately arranged in the rectangular wave shape shown in FIG.
  • the support part 320 is exhibiting the linear form. That is, the support part 320 is in line contact with the sensor body 210. For this reason, it is easy to concentrate the load on the central portion of the sensor body 210 in the front-rear direction. Therefore, the sensor body 210 can be bent easily.
  • FIG. 19 shows a top view of an input terminal device in which the deformation sensors of other embodiments (part 1) are arranged.
  • part corresponding to FIG. 3 it shows with the same code
  • a total of four deformation sensors 1 may be arranged along the entire circumference of the screen 900 (in-frame portion 910).
  • a single deformation sensor 1 may be arranged in a single stroke along the entire circumference of the screen 900.
  • a pair of deformation sensors 1 may be arranged along the long side of the screen 900. Further, the four deformation sensors 1 may be arranged at the four corners of the screen 900.
  • FIG. 20A shows a partial perspective view of the input terminal device in which the deformation sensor of the other embodiment (part 2) is arranged.
  • FIG. 20B is a partial perspective view of the input terminal device in which the deformation sensor of the other embodiment (part 3) is arranged.
  • part corresponding to FIG. 2 it shows with the same code
  • the pusher 30 may have a rib shape extending in the short direction of the deformation sensor. Further, the pusher 30 may be semicircular when viewed from the short side of the deformation sensor. 20B, the predeformation imparting layer 3 may be a separate body from the bottom surface of the panel housing portion 901. In other words, the pre-deformation imparting layer 3 having the strip-shaped substrate 31 and the plurality of pushers 30 protruding from the upper surface of the substrate 31 may be disposed on the bottom surface of the panel housing portion 901. Further, the pusher 30 may have a triangular shape as viewed from the short side of the deformation sensor.
  • the number of the pushers 30 is not particularly limited.
  • the configurations of the back side predeformation imparting layer 5 and the front side predeformation imparting layer 6 are not particularly limited.
  • FIG. 21 shows a cross-sectional view in the left-right direction of an input terminal device in which a deformation sensor according to another embodiment (part 4) is arranged.
  • part corresponding to FIG. 4 it shows with the same code
  • the pusher 30 of the predeformation imparting layer 3 is disposed only on the right half (longitudinal half) of the sensor element 2. In other words, the pusher 30 is not arranged in the left half. For this reason, in the no-load state, the right half of the sensor element 2 has a wavy shape that undulates in the vertical direction when viewed from the front or the rear. On the other hand, the left half of the sensor element 2 is linear. According to the deformation sensor 1 of FIG.
  • the “sagging” of each layer due to variation in assembly, thermal deformation of each layer due to temperature change, change in electrical resistance, and repeated indentation load is applied by the left half of the sensor element 2. Can be compensated. For this reason, the pushing amount can be detected with high accuracy.
  • the shape of the in-frame portion 910 of the input panel 91 is not particularly limited.
  • the in-frame portion 910 is a circle, a polygon having an even number of corners (rectangle, hexagon, octagon, etc.), etc., it is point-symmetric with respect to the center of gravity G in the surface direction of the in-frame portion 910.
  • the deformation sensor 1 may be arranged.
  • the inner frame portion 910 is a semicircular shape or a polygon having an odd number of corners (triangle, pentagon, heptagon, etc.)
  • the inner portion 910 is line symmetric with respect to a straight line passing through the center of gravity G in the surface direction of the inner frame portion 910. In this manner, the deformation sensor 1 may be arranged.
  • FIG. 22 is a partial cross-sectional view in the left-right direction of the sensor element in a no-load state of the deformation sensor of the other embodiment (No. 5).
  • FIG. 22 shows with the same code
  • the insulating layer 22 and the sensor body 210 of the sensor element 2 are formed with a large number of cracks M that open upward.
  • the crack M opens on the surface opposite to the direction in which the load is applied, that is, the surface on which the tensile force acts, of the upper and lower surfaces of the sensor body 210.
  • the sensor body 210 When a load is applied to the sensor body 210 from below via the support part 320, the groove side surfaces of the crack M are easily separated in the front-rear direction. For this reason, the sensor body 210 is deformed so as to bulge upward (in a C-shape opening downward). Therefore, the electrical resistance increases. As described above, as the resistance increasing type sensor body 210 (sensor layer 21) whose electric resistance increases as the deformation amount increases, the sensor body 210 (sensor layer 21) having a large number of cracks M in advance is used. Also good.
  • the sensor layer 21 without the crack M and the sensor layer 21 with the crack M may be electrically arranged in parallel (however, an insulating layer is provided between the pair of sensor layers 21). ). Then, the electric resistance of the sensor layer 21 without the crack M may be set higher than the electric resistance of the sensor layer 21 with the crack M.
  • the combined resistance of the pair of sensor layers 21 is output via the pair of electrodes.
  • the crack M of the sensor layer 21 with the crack M opens due to its own deformation.
  • the crack M is opened, a conductive path formed by connecting a large number of carbon beads (conductive filler) is blocked.
  • the sensor layer 21 with the crack M will be disconnected. Therefore, in the operating state, the electrical resistance of the sensor layer 21 without the crack M is mainly output through the pair of electrodes.
  • a difference can be provided in the output electrical resistance between the no-load state and the operating state.
  • the indentation parameter that is the detection target of the deformation sensor 1 is not limited to the indentation amount.
  • the indentation parameter may be an indentation load.
  • the pre-deformation imparting layer 3 may be disposed above the base layer 20 (load input side), and the deformation promoting layer 4 may be disposed below. Further, the insulating layer 22 and the cover layer 23 may not be arranged. Further, either one of the insulating layer 22 and the cover layer 23 may be omitted, and one layer may be shared.
  • the plurality of wiring bodies 25 and the plurality of sensor bodies 210 are arranged in a rectangular wave shape, but may be arranged in a wave shape (such as a sine wave shape) or a zigzag shape (a shape in which V shapes are continuous). . That is, as shown in FIG. 18, the sensor body 210 may straddle the support portion 320 of the rib presser 32 as viewed from above or below.
  • the material of the insulating layer 22 and the cover layer 23 is not particularly limited. Any insulating material may be used.
  • the sensor layer 21, the electrode 24, and the wiring body 25 are printed on the upper surface of the base layer 20.
  • the formation method of the sensor layer 21, the electrode 24, and the wiring body 25 is not limited to the printing method.
  • a dipping method, a spray method, a bar coating method, or the like may be employed as a method of forming from a paint.
  • the sensor layer 21, the electrode 24, and the wiring body 25 may be separately prepared and attached to the base layer 20 instead of the paint.
  • the sensor layer 21, the electrode 24, and the wiring body 25 that are press-molded with a mold may be attached to the base layer 20.
  • the sensor layer 21, the electrode 24, and the wiring body 25 may be laminated on the lower surface of the base layer 20.
  • the vertical direction corresponds to the “front and back direction” of the present invention, but the front and rear direction and the left and right direction may correspond to the “front and back direction” of the present invention. That is, the arrangement direction of the deformation sensor 1 is not particularly limited.
  • the base layer 20 may be any layer that can restrain deformation of one surface of the sensor layer 21.
  • a flexible resin film such as polyimide (PI), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) is suitable.
  • the vertical thickness (layer thickness) of the base layer 20 is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less, for example.
  • the deformation promoting layer 4 only needs to be formed from an elastic material.
  • natural rubber NR
  • isoprene rubber IR
  • butadiene rubber BR
  • acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer rubber NBR
  • styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber SBR
  • ethylene-propylene Copolymer rubber [ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPM), ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), etc.]
  • butyl rubber (IIR), halogenated butyl rubber Cl-IIR, Br-IIR, etc.
  • hydrogen Suitable rubbers include nitrified rubber (H-NBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber (CSM), hydrin rubber, silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, urethane rubber, and synthetic latex.
  • various thermoplastic elastomers such as styrene, olefin
  • the vertical thickness (layer thickness) of the deformation promoting layer 4 is preferably 0.5 mm or more and 10 mm or less, for example.
  • the material, area, thickness, and the like of the deformation promoting layer 4 may be selected in consideration of the increase behavior of the electric resistance with respect to the bending deformation amount of the sensor layer 21.
  • the material, size, etc. of the predeformation imparting layer 3 are not particularly limited.
  • the pre-deformation imparting layer 3 made of resin is desirable from the viewpoint of light weight, high rigidity, and easy processing.
  • the shape and size of the sensor layer 21 are not particularly limited.
  • the vertical thickness (layer thickness) of the sensor layer 21 is 10 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of miniaturization and thinning of the deformation sensor 1. 250 ⁇ m or less is more preferable.
  • the thickness in the vertical direction of the sensor layer 21 is reduced, the effect of inducing bending deformation by the base layer 20 and the deformation promoting layer 4 is easily exhibited.
  • the sensor layer 21 has a base material made of a resin or an elastomer, and a spherical conductive filler blended in the base material in a substantially single particle state with a high filling rate.
  • the base material may be appropriately selected from resins and elastomers in consideration of compatibility with the conductive filler.
  • thermoplastic resin polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) )
  • Resin acrylic resin, polyamide (PA), polyacetal (POM), polycarbonate (PC), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), amorphous fluororesin, amorphous polyester Examples thereof include resins and phenoxy resins.
  • polyamide, amorphous fluororesin, amorphous polyester resin, phenoxy resin, and the like are preferable because they are soluble in a solvent.
  • thermosetting resin examples include epoxy resin, alkyd resin, phenol resin, urea resin, melamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, polyurethane, polyimide, and the like.
  • epoxy resins are preferred.
  • the epoxy resin before curing is often a liquid having a relatively low viscosity. Therefore, it can be made into a paint without using a solvent.
  • the compatibility with the conductive filler is also good. For this reason, it is easy to mix
  • epoxy resin examples include bisphenol type epoxy resins (A type, F type, AD type), alicyclic epoxy resins, novolac type epoxy resins, polyglycidyl ethers obtained by reacting polyhydric alcohols with epichlorohydrin, and the like. It is done.
  • the elastomer can be appropriately selected from rubber and thermoplastic elastomer.
  • rubber natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), butadiene rubber (BR), acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer rubber (NBR), styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber [Ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPM), ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), etc.], butyl rubber (IIR), halogenated butyl rubber (Cl-IIR, Br-IIR, etc.), hydrogenated nitrile rubber (H-NBR), chloroprene rubber (CR), acrylic rubber (AR), chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber (CSM), hydrin rubber, silicone rubber, fluorine rubber, urethane rubber, synthetic latex and the like.
  • NR natural rubber
  • IR isoprene rubber
  • BR buta
  • thermoplastic elastomer examples include various thermoplastic elastomers such as styrene, olefin, urethane, polyester, polyamide, and fluorine, and derivatives thereof.
  • thermoplastic elastomers such as styrene, olefin, urethane, polyester, polyamide, and fluorine, and derivatives thereof.
  • EPDM, NBR, and silicone rubber which have good compatibility with the conductive filler, are preferable.
  • Liquid IR, liquid BR, and RTV type (room temperature curable type) silicone rubber are suitable in that they are liquid before curing and can be made into a paint without using a solvent.
  • the conductive filler is not particularly limited as long as it is a spherical particle having conductivity. Examples thereof include fine particles such as carbon materials and metals. Of these, one can be used alone, or two or more can be used in combination.
  • “spherical” includes not only a true sphere and a substantially true sphere, but also an oval sphere, an oval sphere (a shape in which a pair of opposing hemispheres are connected by a cylinder), a partial sphere, a sphere having a different radius for each part, Etc. are included.
  • the aspect ratio of the conductive filler (the ratio of the long side to the short side) is preferably in the range of 1 or more and 2 or less.
  • the filling rate of the conductive filler is desirably 30 vol% or more when the entire volume of the sensor layer 21 is 100 vol%. In the case of less than 30 vol%, the conductive filler is hardly compounded in a state close to closest packing, and desired conductivity is not exhibited. In addition, the change in electric resistance with respect to elastic deformation of the sensor layer becomes slow, and it becomes difficult to control the increase behavior of the electric resistance. It is more preferable that it is 35 vol% or more.
  • the filling rate of the conductive filler is desirably 65 vol% or less when the entire volume of the sensor layer is 100 vol%. If it exceeds 65 vol%, the sensor layer 21 is difficult to elastically deform. Moreover, mixing with a base material becomes difficult, and molding processability falls. Furthermore, it becomes difficult to prepare the coating material for the sensor layer. It is more preferable that it is 55 vol% or less.
  • the conductive filler In the base material, it is desirable that the conductive filler is present in a primary particle state without being aggregated as much as possible. Therefore, when selecting the conductive filler, it is preferable to consider the average particle diameter, compatibility with the base material, and the like.
  • the average particle diameter of the conductive filler existing in the state of primary particles is desirably 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less. If it is less than 0.05 ⁇ m, it tends to aggregate and form secondary particles. It is preferable that the thickness is 0.5 ⁇ m or more, further 1 ⁇ m or more.
  • the average particle diameter exceeds 100 ⁇ m, the translational movement (parallel movement) of the conductive filler due to elastic deformation becomes relatively smaller than the particle diameter, and the change in electric resistance against elastic deformation becomes slow. In addition, it is difficult to reduce the thickness of the sensor layer 21 in the vertical direction. It is preferable that it is 60 ⁇ m or less, and further 30 ⁇ m or less.
  • the particle diameter (D50) from which an integrated weight will be 50% in the cumulative particle size curve of an electroconductive filler is employ adopted as an average particle diameter.
  • carbon beads are suitable. Carbon beads have good conductivity and are relatively inexpensive. Moreover, since it has a substantially spherical shape, it can be blended at a high filling rate. Specifically, mesocarbon microbeads manufactured by Osaka Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • MCMB6-28 (average particle size of about 6 ⁇ m), MCMB10-28 (average particle size of about 10 ⁇ m), MCMB25-28 (average particle size of about 25 ⁇ m)] Carbon micro beads manufactured by Nippon Carbon Co., Ltd .: Nika beads (registered trademark) ICB, Nika beads PC, Nika beads MC, Nika beads MSB [ICB 0320 (average particle size of about 3 ⁇ m), ICB 0520 (average particle size of about 5 ⁇ m), ICB 1020 (average particle size of about 10 ⁇ m) ), PC0720 (average particle diameter of about 7 ⁇ m), MC0520 (average particle diameter of about 5 ⁇ m)], Nisshinbo carbon beads (average particle diameter of about 10 ⁇ m), and the like.
  • Nika beads registered trademark
  • ICB 0320 average particle size of about 3 ⁇ m
  • ICB 0520 average particle size of about 5 ⁇ m
  • ICB 1020 (average particle size of about 10
  • the sensor layer 21 can be manufactured, for example, as follows.
  • a thermoplastic resin is selected as the base material
  • a heat-melted thermoplastic resin is mixed with a conductive filler and, if necessary, an additive, and then subjected to press molding, injection molding, or the like.
  • a thermosetting resin is selected as the base material
  • a curing agent and, if necessary, an additive are added to and mixed with the pre-curing resin, and then cured by press molding or the like.
  • additives such as a vulcanization aid and a softening agent are added to the elastomer and kneaded.
  • a crosslinking agent and a vulcanization accelerator are further added and kneaded to obtain an elastomer composition.
  • the elastomer composition is formed into a sheet shape, filled in a mold, and press vulcanized.
  • the sensor layer paint in order to reduce the thickness of the sensor layer 21 in the vertical direction, it is desirable to form the sensor layer paint. That is, first, a sensor layer coating material containing a base material forming component such as a resin or an elastomer is prepared. Next, the prepared sensor layer coating material is applied to a base material such as the base layer 20 and dried. In addition, what is necessary is just to harden, after apply
  • a base material forming component such as a resin or an elastomer
  • Various methods can be adopted as a method for applying the sensor layer paint.
  • printing methods such as inkjet printing, flexographic printing, gravure printing, screen printing, pad printing, and lithography, dipping, spraying, bar coating, and the like can be given.
  • a printing method it is possible to easily separate the applied part and the non-applied part.
  • printing of large areas, thin lines, and complicated shapes is easy.
  • the sensor layer 21, the electrode 24, the wiring, and the wiring body 25 can be formed by the same method, the layers are easily integrated in the sensor element 2.
  • a high-viscosity paint can also be used, and the screen printing method is preferred because the coating thickness can be easily adjusted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne le problème de fourniture d'un capteur de déformation apte à détecter de manière précise un paramètre de poussée. Un dispositif terminal d'entrée (9) comprend : un corps principal (90) qui a un écran (900) sur la surface de celui-ci ; un panneau d'entrée (91) qui recouvre l'écran (900) à partir du côté avant et auquel une charge de poussée (F) est appliquée par un opérateur ; et une partie de logement de capteur (92) qui est définie entre le corps principal (90) et le panneau d'entrée (91). Un capteur de déformation (1) est disposé dans la partie de logement de capteur (92). Le capteur de déformation (1) comprend : un élément capteur (2) qui comprend une couche de base (20), et une couche capteur (21) qui est empilée sur la surface avant ou la surface arrière de la couche de base (20) et déformée par la déformation du panneau d'entrée (91) selon la charge de poussée (F) pour provoquer ainsi le changement de la résistance électrique de celle-ci ; et une couche de pré-application de déformation (3) qui est disposée sur le côté avant et/ou le côté arrière de l'élément capteur (2) et qui est apte à appliquer préalablement une déformation élastique à l'élément capteur (2) dans un état non chargé, dans lequel aucune charge de poussée (F) n'est appliquée.
PCT/JP2013/056824 2012-03-29 2013-03-12 Capteur de déformation WO2013146231A1 (fr)

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JP2012-077586 2012-03-29

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019226558A1 (fr) * 2018-05-21 2019-11-28 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Capteurs de contrainte conformes ultrasensibles
US10843332B2 (en) 2013-05-31 2020-11-24 President And Fellow Of Harvard College Soft exosuit for assistance with human motion
US10864100B2 (en) 2014-04-10 2020-12-15 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Orthopedic device including protruding members
US11014804B2 (en) 2017-03-14 2021-05-25 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Systems and methods for fabricating 3D soft microstructures
US11324655B2 (en) 2013-12-09 2022-05-10 Trustees Of Boston University Assistive flexible suits, flexible suit systems, and methods for making and control thereof to assist human mobility
US11464700B2 (en) 2012-09-17 2022-10-11 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Soft exosuit for assistance with human motion
US11498203B2 (en) 2016-07-22 2022-11-15 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Controls optimization for wearable systems
US11590046B2 (en) 2016-03-13 2023-02-28 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Flexible members for anchoring to the body

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006202042A (ja) * 2005-01-20 2006-08-03 Denso Corp タッチパネル装置及び入力座標検出装置
JP2010238176A (ja) * 2009-03-31 2010-10-21 Nissha Printing Co Ltd 情報入力装置
JP2011133421A (ja) * 2009-12-25 2011-07-07 Nissha Printing Co Ltd 感圧センサ
JP2012026991A (ja) * 2010-07-28 2012-02-09 Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd 抵抗増加型センサ

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006202042A (ja) * 2005-01-20 2006-08-03 Denso Corp タッチパネル装置及び入力座標検出装置
JP2010238176A (ja) * 2009-03-31 2010-10-21 Nissha Printing Co Ltd 情報入力装置
JP2011133421A (ja) * 2009-12-25 2011-07-07 Nissha Printing Co Ltd 感圧センサ
JP2012026991A (ja) * 2010-07-28 2012-02-09 Tokai Rubber Ind Ltd 抵抗増加型センサ

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11464700B2 (en) 2012-09-17 2022-10-11 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Soft exosuit for assistance with human motion
US10843332B2 (en) 2013-05-31 2020-11-24 President And Fellow Of Harvard College Soft exosuit for assistance with human motion
US11324655B2 (en) 2013-12-09 2022-05-10 Trustees Of Boston University Assistive flexible suits, flexible suit systems, and methods for making and control thereof to assist human mobility
US10864100B2 (en) 2014-04-10 2020-12-15 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Orthopedic device including protruding members
US11590046B2 (en) 2016-03-13 2023-02-28 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Flexible members for anchoring to the body
US11498203B2 (en) 2016-07-22 2022-11-15 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Controls optimization for wearable systems
US11014804B2 (en) 2017-03-14 2021-05-25 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Systems and methods for fabricating 3D soft microstructures
WO2019226558A1 (fr) * 2018-05-21 2019-11-28 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Capteurs de contrainte conformes ultrasensibles
US11422045B2 (en) 2018-05-21 2022-08-23 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Ultra-sensitive compliant strain sensors
US11761832B2 (en) 2018-05-21 2023-09-19 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Ultra-sensitive compliant strain sensors

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