WO2013138890A1

WO2013138890A1 - Method of re-using solid waste from garbage recycling and civil engineering

Info

Publication number: WO2013138890A1
Application number: PCT/BR2013/000082
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jair ANCIOTO; Antonio Donizete DE SÁ
Original assignee: Ancioto Jair; De Sa Antonio Donizete
Priority date: 2012-03-21
Filing date: 2013-03-14
Publication date: 2013-09-26
Also published as: BR202012008363U2

Abstract

A method is disclosed for re-using valuable chemical substances contained in solid and semisolid waste, in which method solid waste from recycled common garbage and debris from civil engineering and mixed and re-used for producing an agglomerate for manufacturing bricks and the like, involving an operational concept with stages, ingredients, mechanisms and means for re-using solid and semi-solid waste. A physical and chemical process based on the comminution of expanded polystyrene (EPS) is involved, in which the volume of EPS can be reduced before or after comminution with the use of a conventional solvent.

Description

PROCEDURE FOR SOLID WASTE RECYCLING AND CIVIL CONSTRUCTION

INTRODUCTION

The related patent relates to the operative concept in which a process for the manufacture of a viscous paste is made whose properties produce exothermic reaction, i. It is a chemical reaction in which energy is transferred from an interior to an external environment, or that releases heat with energy variation, therefore negative, in order to crystallize hydrated products, obtaining sufficient mechanical strength for use in construction. as a binding element.

This process presupposes, from the chemico-operative point of view, or crushing of granular and rigid granular plastic material (expanded polystyrene, EPS), by reducing the volume with the application of a common solvent, thus obtaining a first mix, and adding soil to make the material viscous, yielding a second viscous paste for mixing with construction debris, e.g. ex. ; or grinding the same expanded polystyrene (EPS) for mixing with layered debris, i. is: a certain amount of crushed material with a certain amount of rubble in a concrete mixer ^* , e.g. , and so on, in layers of mixing, obtaining a final paste, or the binder element itself for the manufacture of blocks, tiles, floors and similar materials for the building industry. TECHNICAL STATE

Processes that reuse solid and semi-solid waste, as well as products from this reuse, are already widespread in the state of the art.

So much so that in searches performed in the common technique it was possible to select several documents involving different conceptions. Discarding those of different concept or different application of the proposal in this patent, the following documents were highlighted:

US4,153, 514, filed on 5/17/1976, under the title: SOLID WASTE PYROLYSIS PROCESS, in which the recovery of chemical values by mixing in a turbulent zone carrier gas is preferred. pyrolysis at a temperature ranging from 300 ° F to 2000 ° F, with subsequent segregation and recovery of volatile chemical values.

US5,376,156, filed September 7, 1993, under the title:

METHOD FOR THE USE OF PARTICULAR CONNECTION WASTE, SUCH AS DUST, PAPER FIBERS, AND METAL OR SIMILAR WASTE, IN SOLID, which describes a process of mixing waste with plastic using a mechanical system, i. It is: screw extruder, feed hopper and mixing pressure up to 100 bar.

US5,942,022, filed on 6/1/1995, under the heading: COMPOSITE UNIT FOR ORGANIC WASTE AND METHOD FOR SUCH COMPOUND, disclosing invention related to the separation of waste such as mud, wood chips, straw, manure. In fact, it is a flow plant that includes a sealed compartment with an inlet with waste disposal device that is advanced from a hermetic floodgate preprocessing plant where suspension stirrers are used in a corridor for waste advance and aeration. The plant provides a heat exchange system for the extraction of heat by condensation with water, with a fixed temperature of 55-62 ° C and a residence time of 5 to 25 days.

US6,476,084 B2, filed January 22, 2001, entitled: Heterogeneous Waste Recycling Process, wherein heterogeneous waste recycling is described including the initial step of subjecting the heterogeneous pyrolysis waste product to produce a synthesis gas stream comprising at least carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and a pyrolysis melt stream comprising at least one mineral material and one metallic material.

US6,941,720 B2, filed 9/10/2001, entitled: CONSTRUCTION COMPOSITION, refers to a material building compound comprising a lightweight core with fiber cement on one side of the core. Fiber cement is used in at least one of the phases; It is green and preferably formed by a mud-dehydration process. The material building compound is assembled in an uncured state and then cured.

US7, 147.707 B2, filed on 12/22/2005, titled: COMPOSITE FOR CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL AND MANUFACTURING REPORT, reports compost that contains diatomaceous earth, wood, waste and organic hardener, or still contains field land and , if necessary, used paper and / or crushed pieces of mat and shingles, and of crushed earth. The compound is prepared homogeneously by mixing the components, and then by molding and curing the composite. US7,449,517 BI, filed January 21, 2004 under the heading: COMPOUND BUILDING MATERIAL, actually an extruded material composite consisting of thermoplastic resin material, a mixture of material additives and a material cellulose, wherein the thermoplastic resin, the admixture and the cellulose blend are mixed into a material composite wherein the material composite comprises between 50% and 90% cellulose by weight material, and wherein the composite material mixture is extruded. to form the extruded material building compound.

US2010 / 0282672 Al, filed 12/3/2008, titled: Process for Exothermic Treatment and Recovery of Solid, Semisolid, PAST, and / or WASTY WASTE, refers to a process for exothermic treatment and recovery masses comprising municipal solid waste (MSW), including wet and vegetable waste; sludge generated by industrial and non-industrial (treatment) water; solid, semi-solid, pasty solid waste and / or sludge from industrial, agricultural and food processing operations, soils and inert materials contaminated by pasty organic matrices, waste and / or hydrocarbon composite sludge, including asphalt and compost chemical and organic. In particular, it provides for the use of an exothermic reaction process produced by mixing the mass to be treated with a calcium oxide (CaO) mixture; and / or calcium hydroxides Ca (OH) ² in the presence of an inert catalyst moistened with water in the absence of oxygen.

Therefore, the present patent is a new operating concept insofar as it contemplates a process whose steps, Mechanicity and purposes are different from what is taught in common technique.

The reuse of solid and semi-solid waste, object of the patent, presupposes physical and chemical process embodied in the grinding of expanded polystyrene (EPS), the volume of which may be reduced before or after grinding by the use of common solvent, since the plastic material Cellular and rigid granular constitution, once crushed, can be mixed in a layered system directly with rubble from construction, i. is: a certain amount of ground material extended overlapping with a given amount of debris spread directly into beater, agitator or substitute devices, and so on.

In an alternative design, expanded polystyrene (EPS) is reduced in volume through the use of common and unclaimed solvent, including and especially in situations where collection is at a location other than processing, also with a view to transporting the material for later. In this operation, this volume-reduced material becomes a viscous solution, ready for the next step, in which soil is added and a second solution with optimum viscosity is obtained for mixing with construction debris, eg ., which results in the bonding compound for the production of new building materials such as floors, bricks, blocks and the like.

This is because US4,153,514 relates to an analysis or decomposition reaction that occurs by the action of high temperatures, whose concept is the rupture of the original molecular structure of the compound by the action of heat in an environment with little or no oxygen, whereas that the other documents listed report different concepts, such as mixing waste with plastic using a mechanical system, i. It is: screw extruder, feed hopper and mixing pressure up to 100 bar for US5, 376,156; the flow plan which includes a sealed compartment with an inlet with waste disposal device in the case of donor. US5,942,022; or the material building compound comprising a lightweight, fiber-cement core on one side of the core of the Doc. US6,941, 720 B2; and the process for exothermic treatment and mass recovery which provides for the use of an exothermic reaction process produced by mixing the mass to be treated with a mixture of calcium oxides (CaO) and / or calcium hydroxides Ca (OH) ² , in the presence of an inert catalyst moistened with water, in the absence of oxygen in the case of Doc. US2010 / 0282672 Al.

Only US7, 147.707 B2 and US7,449,517 BI refer to concepts that can be said to be close, although they are much closer to each other than to the present object, as they report, respectively, a compound containing earth. diatom, in fact an amorphous sediment originating from frustules or carapaces of single-celled plant organisms of a silica nature, in addition to wood, waste and organic hardener, or field soil and, if necessary, used paper and / or crushed pieces of mat and shingles, and of the crushed earth; an extruded material composite consisting of thermoplastic resin material, a mixture of material additives and a cellulose.

It will be understood that in the case of US7, 147.707 B2, a homogeneously prepared compound is taught by mixing the components and then by molding and curing the composite, and that in the case of US7,449,517 B1, it is taught. the use of long chain polymer composed of a single monomer (glucose), classified as a polysaccharide or carbohydrate comprising between 50% and 90% material by weight.

PATENT ΟΒΪΕΤΟ SUMMARY

The above-mentioned prior art and prior art conceptions relate to specific concepts other than those proposed in the present report.

Therefore, the present object is a new conception in which an agglutinating compound is obtained from the treatment of solid and semi-solid waste.

A preferred process alternative is the pre-ground extended polystyrene (EPS) mixture for further volume reduction using a commonly used solvent to obtain a less viscous, lower volume mass, to which earth is added to facilitate the following mixing and beating steps, in which dry rubble from construction will be added, the humidity of which will be increased by the addition of water, water and slurry or just slurry.

It is worth mentioning that the slurry, extremely harmful to the environment because it is derived from biological, chemical and physical processes of decomposition of organic waste, as it only serves to moisten the mixture, can be used in the process under review, and is with Significant environmental savings as it is treated with common and unclaimed bactericides that eliminate the characteristic nauseating odor.

Once the mixture has been properly wetted, the process provides for beating in commonly used devices such as concrete mixers or agitators, resulting in a binder paste suitable for the manufacture of bricks and building materials of the same nature. In a second alternative, the related design starts from the grinding of extended polystyrene (EPS) which is thus mixed with the layered building debris.

That is: a certain amount of the crushed material is layered on a rubble surface within the beating or replacer device, and so on until an ideal amount is obtained for it to be moistened and added to the solvent and mixed by beating, thus obtaining binder paste ready to be used in the manufacture of bricks, slabs, blocks and other materials for construction or similar activities.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING EXAMPLES

The characterization of the commented process is given through representative drawings of the proposed solution, so that its steps and results can be visualized.

From the descriptive representations in comment, which express the preferred way of realizing the object, is based the description of this report, through numerical and consecutive references, where are clarified constructive and operative aspects perhaps implied by the adopted representation, determining precisely the pleaded claim.

The figures are merely illustrative and may vary, as long as they do not depart from the initially claimed.

It is therefore necessary to:

FIGURE 1 in block diagram depicts the preferred embodiment of the commenting process, i. is: extended polystyrene crushing (1) and further volume reduction (2) by the use of a commonly used solvent for the addition of earth (3) and beating (4), in which dry rubble (5) will be added, the humidity of which will be increased by the addition of water, water and slurry or just slurry (6).

FIGURE 2 also in block diagram depicts the alternative process embodiment, wherein grinding (1) of expanded polystyrene is succeeded by layer system mixing (4) in the dry rubble overlapping beating device ( 5) so that a certain amount of crushed expanded polystyrene (1) is layered onto a rubble surface (5) within the tapping or replacement device (4), and so on until an ideal amount is obtained. so that it is moistened (6) and added with solvent (2) and mixed by beating (4), thus obtaining a binder mass ready to be used in the manufacture of bricks, slabs, blocks and other materials for construction or activities of the same nature.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PATENT OBJECT

Process for the reuse of chemical values of solid and semi-solid waste, where waste from the recycling of common waste and rubble from construction are mixed and reused for the production of binder mass for the manufacture of bricks and similar products, which teaches operating concept. in which a viscous paste is produced whose properties react to transfer energy from an interior to an external environment, crystallizing hydrated products with sufficient mechanical strength for use in construction as a binder element. Said process, starting from the grinding of cellular and rigid plastic material of granular constitution, such as expanded polystyrene, for example, by volume reduction with the application of common solvent, produces a first mixture that is made viscous at the point. It is ideal for the addition of ground to obtain a second mixture, in fact a viscous paste ideal for mixing with debris from construction.

In an alternate embodiment, the process starts from grinding granular and rigid cellular plastic material such as expanded polystyrene, e.g., to be mixed with debris in a layered system, so that a certain amount of the crushed material is spread over a certain amount of debris in a concrete mixer or substitute device by adding water, water and slurry or just slurry and bathing, and so on until a final slurry is obtained or the slurry itself. and a binder helm for the manufacture of blocks, bricks, floors and similar materials for the construction industry.

Thus, the process of collating reuse of solid and semi-solid waste presupposes the physical and chemical process embodied in the grinding of expanded or substitute polystyrene, whose volume is reduced before or after grinding using a commonly used solvent, so that the rigid cellular plastic material, once crushed, can be mixed even in layer system directly with dust.

In another embodiment, expanded polystyrene or substitute is reduced in volume by the use of common unclaimed solvent, including and especially in situations where collection is at a different location from processing for purposes of processing. also transport the material for later, in which case the The volume-reduced material becomes a solution with a certain viscosity which is improved by the addition of earth, so that it can be mixed with debris from the building industry, eg resulting in the binder compound.

Claims

1 - PROCEDURE FOR THE RECOVERY OF CHEMICAL VALUES OF SOLID AND SEMISOLID WASTE, WHERE SOLID WASTE FROM THE RECYCLING OF CIVIL CONSTRUCTION ARE MIXED AND WASTE PRODUCED FOR PRODUCTS AND WASTE PRODUCTION comprising a process for the manufacture of exothermic viscous pulp having adequate mechanical strength to serve as a binder element.

2 - PROCEDURE FOR THE RECOVERY OF CHEMICAL VALUES OF SOLID AND SEMISOLID WASTE, WHERE SOLID WASTE FROM RECYCLING OF CIVIL CONSTRUCTION ARE MIXED AND WASTE PRODUCED FOR PRODUCTS AND WASTE PRODUCTION according to claim 1, characterized in that it is embodied in the crushing of cellular and rigid granular plastic material by volume reduction with the application of a commonly used solvent.

3 - PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF CHEMICAL VALUES OF SOLID AND SEMISOLID WASTE, WHERE SOLID WASTE FROM RECYCLING OF CIVIL CONSTRUCTION ARE MIXED AND WASTE PRODUCED FOR PRODUCTS AND WASTE PRODUCTION according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first mixture becomes viscous by the addition of earth, resulting in a second viscous paste for mixing with construction debris.

4 - PROCEDURE FOR THE RECOVERY OF CHEMICAL VALUES OF SOLID AND SEMISOLID WASTE, WHERE SOLID WASTE FROM RECYCLING OF CIVIL CONSTRUCTION ARE MIXED AND WASTE PRODUCED FOR PRODUCTS AND WASTE PRODUCTION Claim 1, characterized in that it promotes the grinding of expanded polystyrene (EPS) for mixing with layered debris, and thus successively obtaining the binder element.