WO2013131467A1 - 基站间干扰协调的方法和装置 - Google Patents

基站间干扰协调的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013131467A1
WO2013131467A1 PCT/CN2013/072175 CN2013072175W WO2013131467A1 WO 2013131467 A1 WO2013131467 A1 WO 2013131467A1 CN 2013072175 W CN2013072175 W CN 2013072175W WO 2013131467 A1 WO2013131467 A1 WO 2013131467A1
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Prior art keywords
base station
macro base
victim
micro base
macro
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PCT/CN2013/072175
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜颖钢
王锐
程宏
普拉莫德·维斯瓦纳特
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2013131467A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013131467A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24Cell structures
    • H04W16/32Hierarchical cell structures

Definitions

  • the mobile communication network usually adopts a cellular structure, that is, different base stations are set up at different locations, and each base station forms a cell, which is responsible for communication of mobile users in the area, in order to ensure that mobile users can obtain seamless continuous communication, neighboring cells There is a certain overlap area, enabling mobile users to switch from one cell to another.
  • a better way in the prior art is to adopt a multi-layer cell structure.
  • HetNet Heterogeneous Network
  • macro-cel l macro cell
  • small cells Pico or Femto, etc.
  • the small cells arranged in HetNet are divided into two types: Pico (Pico-cel l, micro-cellular) and Femto (Femto-cel l, pico-cellular).
  • Pico Pulo-cel l, micro-cellular
  • Femto Femto-cel l, pico-cellular
  • the service of the Pico cell is open, that is, when the user terminal (UE) of the same network moves to a position closer to its open micro base station (Pico BS), the serving base station can be changed to the current signal to interference and noise ratio by cell handover ( Signal_to_Interference_plus_Noise Ratio, SINR)
  • SINR Signal_to_Interference_plus_Noise Ratio
  • the largest Pico BS and the service provided by Femto is closed. Except for authorized users in the private micro base station (Femto BS), external users are not allowed to access.
  • the same frequency band can be used between the Pico/Femto area and the macro cell in which it is located, and the interference between the macro base station/user and the micro base station/user is obvious:
  • Inter-base station interference in the downlink direction is mainly caused by the interference of the Femto base station to the neighboring Macro UE.
  • the interference in the downlink direction is mainly caused by the interference of the macro base station to the downlink signal of the micro base station.
  • Inter-cel l interference cancel lation is usually adopted.
  • the strategy is to reduce the impact of interference on system performance.
  • the main interference coordination scheme in the HetNet scenario is resource block blanking and beam coordination: resource blanking refers to the time-frequency resources allocated by the interfering base station to the victim user equipment (Victim UE). The location does not transmit data, or serves the cell center user with a smaller transmit power, avoids or reduces the interference to the Victim UE; beam coordination can be regarded as a space in the vector space, that is, the interfering base station performs beamforming in the vector space. Whenever possible, avoid selecting the direction that is the strongest interference to the UE that is interfered with by the UE, so that interference with the Victim UE can be avoided or reduced.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for inter-base station interference coordination, which solves the problem that the control message transmission delay is too long, resulting in low system throughput and resource utilization, in the existing static or semi-static interference coordination mode.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides the following solutions:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for inter-base station interference coordination, including:
  • the micro base station itself accesses the macro base station as a user equipment UE function module
  • the control message is transmitted between the micro base station and the macro base station through an air interface; the control message is used for interference coordination of the Victim UE.
  • a device for inter-base station interference coordination includes:
  • An access module configured to access a macro base station by using a micro base station as a user equipment
  • a query module configured to periodically query whether there is an interfered user equipment Victim UE
  • the interference coordination module is configured to: when the query module queries the presence of the Victim UE, perform control message transmission by using an air interface with the macro base station to perform interference coordination on the Victim UE.
  • the air interface transmission control is performed between the micro base station and the macro base station. a message, performing interference coordination on the Victim UE. Intersect part or all of the control message through the air interface, that is, the control message required for the interference coordination between the macro base station and the micro base station with small transmission delay, flexible deployment, small delay, thereby realizing dynamic interference coordination;
  • the interference coordination improves the system performance, that is, improves the system throughput and resource utilization.
  • only the base station function needs to be modified, and the existing UE does not need any modification, and the backward compatibility of the UE is maintained.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for inter-base station interference coordination according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of distinguishing between two links of a micro base station and a UE and a macro base station served by a time division manner according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of distinguishing a link between a micro base station and a UE and a macro base station served by a frequency division method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control message transmitted through a PDCCH channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a control message transmitted through a PDSCH channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a control message transmitted through a PUSCH channel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of an apparatus for inter-base station interference coordination according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is to solve the problem: how to coordinate and control the required control messages between the macro base station and the micro base station with small transmission delay in the HetNet scenario, thereby achieving dynamic interference coordination, improving system throughput and resource utilization. rate.
  • the following is only an example of the LTE system, but is not limited thereto.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for inter-base station interference coordination, including: S101: a micro base station serving as a user equipment UE function module accessing a macro base station;
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is mainly that the micro base station can be used as a special in addition to the original function.
  • the UE interacts with the control information related to the interference of the macro base station through the air interface. Since the transmission delay of the air interface is small, it is equivalent to the traditional backhaul link (for example, the transmission delay in the LTE is lms order), and dynamic interference coordination can be realized.
  • the accessing the macro base station by the micro base station as the user equipment UE function module includes: After the micro base station synchronizes to the macro base station, initiates a random access request to the macro base station.
  • the macro base station identifies the type of the UE identity in the random access request.
  • the type of the UE identifier is a UE function module of the micro base station
  • access processing is performed on the UE function module of the micro base station according to a preset communication protocol.
  • the macro base station identifies the type of the UE identifier in the random access request, and the method includes: the macro base station sends the UE identifier in the random access request to the authentication server for verification, and the authentication server determines that the UE identifier is a normal UE or The UE function module of the micro base station returns the judgment result to the macro base station.
  • the micro base station when the micro base station is a private micro base station, the private micro base station and the macro base station periodically query whether a Victim UE exists.
  • the micro base station is an open micro base station, the open micro base station periodically queries. Whether there is a Victim UE.
  • the private micro base station in the embodiment is described by using the Femto BS as an example, and the open micro base station is described by using the Pico BS as an example. However, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the present invention is not limited thereto, and details are not described herein.
  • the above-mentioned Femto BS periodically queries whether the Victim UE exists or not.
  • the Femto BS periodically measures the SINR of the UE in the uplink direction, and determines whether the preset threshold is reached. If there is a preset threshold, the Victim UE is present, and the UE that reaches the preset threshold is a Victim UE.
  • the above-mentioned macro base station periodically queries whether a Victim UE exists or not:
  • the macro base station receives the power RSRP measurement report according to the reference signal periodically reported by each UE, calculates the difference between the RSRP of the neighboring Femto BS and the RSRP of the macro base station, and determines whether the difference exceeds the first threshold, and there is a Victim UE, where the difference The UE exceeding the first threshold is a Victim UE.
  • the above Pico BS periodically queries whether a Victim UE exists:
  • the Pico BS calculates the RSRP of the macro base station and the Pico according to the RSRP measurement report periodically reported by each UE.
  • the difference between the RSRPs of the BSs, whether the difference is greater than the second threshold, is that there is a Victim UE, and the UE that is greater than the second threshold is a Victim UE.
  • the control message transmission between the micro base station and the macro base station through the air interface specifically includes: the Femto BS sends an interference coordination access request to the macro base station, After the interference coordination connection is established between the micro base station and the macro base station, the control message transmission is performed through the air interface.
  • the control message transmission between the micro base station and the macro base station through the air interface specifically includes: the macro base station sends a paging Paging signal to the UE function module of the Femto BS, and the Femto BS receives the paging signal. And transmitting an interference coordination access request to the macro base station, and after establishing an interference coordination connection between the micro base station and the macro base station, performing control message transmission through the air interface.
  • control message transmission between the micro base station and the macro base station through the air interface specifically includes:
  • the Pico BS initiates an interference coordination access request to the macro base station, and after establishing an interference coordination connection between the micro base station and the macro base station, the control message is transmitted through the air interface.
  • connection between the micro base station and the macro base station is established by using an air interface transmission mode or a backhaul link transmission mode. Because the delay of the UE accessing the base station may be long due to collisions and the like, and the system performance is not required for the initial setup time of the coordinated link.
  • the micro base station itself accesses the macro base station as the user equipment UE function module.
  • the air interface transmission mode between the micro base station and the macro base station is specifically RRC_IDLE mode, that is, when there is no Victim UE, the micro base station and The air interface transmission mode between the macro base stations maintains the RRC_IDLE (Radio Resource Control IDLE) mode.
  • RRC_IDLE Radio Resource Control IDLE
  • the air interface transmission mode between the micro base station and the macro base station is specifically a RRC_C0NNECTED (Radio Resource Control CONNECTED) mode, that is, when the periodic query is performed.
  • RRC_C0NNECTED Radio Resource Control CONNECTED
  • the air interface transmission mode between the micro base station and the macro base station will be switched to the RRC_C0NNECTED mode.
  • the existing DCI/UCI format transmission control message may be used between the micro base station and the macro base station.
  • the control message is also transmitted in a custom DCI/UCI format transparent to the UE. Small amount of data transferred.
  • control information is transmitted between the micro base station and the macro base station by using an air interface
  • interference coordination for the Victim UE includes:
  • the use of air interface transmission between the micro base station and the macro base station includes allocation of resource block locations and/or to Victim
  • the UE generates a control message of the interference beam direction, and performs interference coordination on the Victim UE; specifically:
  • the macro base station transmits the transmission resource of the allocated Victim UE and/or the interference beam direction information generated by the Victim UE to the private micro base station by using the air interface, and the private micro base station allocates the macro base station allocation when allocating resources.
  • the resources of the Victim UE are avoided or the interference beam direction is avoided to achieve interference coordination; or, the private micro base station uses the low transmission power or the vacated resource block position of the allocated resources, and/or the used beam direction information is utilized.
  • the air interface is transmitted to the macro base station, and the macro base station is in the low transmission power or the vacant resource At the source block location, and/or avoiding the beam direction of the used beam direction information, communicate with the Victim UE to achieve interference coordination.
  • the open micro base station transmits the transmission resource of the allocated Victim UE and/or the interference beam direction information generated by the Victim UE to the macro base station by using an air interface, and the macro base station vacates the open micro base station when allocating resources. Allocating resources to the Victim UE or avoiding the interference beam direction to achieve interference coordination; or, the macro base station uses the low-transmitted power or the vacated resource block position of the allocated resources, and/or the used beam direction information is utilized.
  • the air interface is transmitted to the open micro base station, and the open micro base station communicates with the Victim UE at the low transmit power or the vacated resource block position, and/or avoids the beam direction of the used beam direction information, to implement interference coordination.
  • the method for transmitting the control message by using the air interface between the micro base station and the macro base station includes: selecting, in the transmission mode of the downlink control message, selecting a PDCCH channel or a physical downlink on the physical downlink control channel according to the amount of information to be transmitted.
  • a control message is transmitted on the shared channel PDSCH channel.
  • the control message is selected to be transmitted on the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH channel.
  • the UE function module of the micro base station and the macro base station perform information transmission according to a preset communication protocol.
  • the above preset communication protocols include:
  • the micro base station uses the same time-frequency resource to communicate with the macro base station and the self-serving UE by using the same time-frequency resource; or, the resource is divided into multiple subframes in the time domain, and the micro-base station is in the first pre-
  • the communication between the sub-frame and the macro base station is performed, and the link between the self-serving UE is communicated in the second preset sub-frame; or, there are multiple carriers in the frequency domain, and the micro-base station is in the first pre- It is assumed that the link between the carrier and the macro base station communicates, and the link between the host and the serving UE is communicated on the second preset carrier.
  • the transmitting base station schedules the transmission information, and transmits the scheduling result as a MAC protocol data unit PDU to the base station; the receiving base station transmits the received MAC information to the scheduler; wherein, the protocol data unit PDU (Protocol Data Unit) is Refers to the unit of data passed between peers.
  • PDU Protocol Data Unit
  • the RLC layer information exchange is performed using a transparent mode TM or a non-acknowledged mode UM mode that does not include hybrid automatic repeat request HARQ.
  • the three transmission modes of the RLC layer, AM, UM, and TM are the acknowledge mode, the unacknowledged mode, and the transparent mode, respectively.
  • the data service usually adopts AM, the voice service adopts TM, and the UM is mainly used for some signaling bearers.
  • the details are as follows. Since the UE function of the micro base station is different from that of the normal UE, the macro base station and the micro base station are described.
  • the difference between the processing flow of the UE module and the function of the micro base station from the prior art is explained in this embodiment.
  • the LTE is taken as an example to illustrate the difference between the macro base station and the micro base station and the existing protocol stack when the macro base station communicates with the UE module of the micro base station.
  • the macro base station treats the UE module of the micro base station as it does with the normal UE.
  • the micro base station needs to maintain two links with the macro base station and the self-serving UE. There are two implementation manners, using the same time-frequency resources and Different time-frequency resources.
  • the micro base station is required to transmit signals in the same frequency band while receiving signals in a certain frequency band, that is, a full-duplex working mode. Since the full-duplex transceiver is not yet mature in implementation, we can consider distinguishing the two communication links of the micro base station in the time domain or the frequency domain.
  • a partial subframe may be allocated to the micro base station for communication with the macro base station, and the remaining subframes are used for communication with the served UE. As shown in FIG. 2, one of every four subframes is used for communication between the micro base station and the macro base station (see the subframe shown by the white box in FIG. 2), and the remaining three subframes are used for the micro base station to communicate with the served UE (see the figure). 2 sub-frames shown in gray box).
  • the carrier aggregation mode may be considered. Assuming that the macro base station can use two carriers CC1 and CC2, and the micro base station can only use one of the carriers CC2, the macro base station can be the UE with the micro base station on CC1.
  • the module communicates as shown in Figure 3.
  • the MAC layer As far as the MAC layer is concerned, its downlink payload is from the core network for the normal UE, and for the UE module of the micro base station, its payload comes from the scheduling information of the MAC layer.
  • the MAC layer of the transmitting base station needs to use the relevant scheduling result as the MAC PDU as the data transmitted to the base station.
  • the MAC layer of the receiving micro base station needs to pass the data of the MAC to the scheduler instead of the upper layer. If the shared control messages between the two base stations are recombined, the MAC layer between the two base stations needs to join the new DCI format framing and deframing operations.
  • the main advantage of the present invention is to provide a high-speed information interaction manner between two base stations. If HARQ is used, the data delay through retransmission is equivalent to X2. Also, because the control data is more resistant to errors, the probability of transmission errors is small, and the necessity of using retransmissions is small. Therefore, the RLC mode can use the TM/UM mode without HARQ.
  • the remaining upper layer protocols are not affected by the communication between the special UE module of the micro base station and the macro base station.
  • the macro base station and the UE module of the micro base station perform real-time data transmission based on the air interface
  • the macro base station and the micro base station can perform other data interaction through the existing backhaul link mode. For example, because the location of the micro base station is relatively fixed and the channel conditions change slowly with time, the feedback of the CQI can be transmitted over the conventional backhaul link.
  • the micro base station and the macro base station use the air interface to transmit a control message, and perform interference coordination on the Victim UE.
  • Interacting part or all of the control message through the air interface that is, the control message required for the interference coordination between the macro base station and the micro base station with little transmission delay Live, delay is small, so as to achieve dynamic interference coordination; interference coordination through dynamic scheduling, thereby improving system performance, that is, improving system throughput and resource utilization;
  • the dynamic ICIC coordination, inter-base station interference coordination
  • the air interface interactive control message in the Macro+Femto scenario and the Macro+Pico scenario.
  • Example 1 This example shows how to implement dynamic ICIC through air interface interactive control messages in a Macro+Femto scenario.
  • the Femto BS When the Femto BS is powered on, in addition to completing all operations as a base station, it also needs to be a special
  • the UE accesses the macro base station.
  • the Femto BS synchronizes to the macro base station and initiates a random access request to the macro base station.
  • the Acer station uses the relevant user information (the identity of the UE, such as the MSI number, International Mobile Subscriber Identity) to authenticate the server. Since the process of processing the special UE by the macro base station is different from the existing protocol, in order to distinguish whether it is a UE module of the Femto BS, a subset of the user information may be used as the identifier of the special UE. For example, we can assign a part of the MSI number to the UE function module of the micro base station.
  • the macro base station then uses the corresponding S-TMSI number to the AAA server for seriousness and authentication.
  • the authentication server returns information indicating that the UE is a UE function module of the Femto BS
  • the macro base station adopts a special protocol flow (that is, the preset communication protocol in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1), and completes the Femto BS as a UE.
  • a special protocol flow that is, the preset communication protocol in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1
  • the Victim UE refers to the Macro UE that is close to the Femto BS. Since the Femto BS does not allow unauthorized Macro UE access, the Femto BS will have strong interference to the neighboring Macro UE in the downlink direction.
  • the discovery function of such a Victim UE can be done either by the Femto BS or by the macro base station.
  • a macro base station it can estimate the interference of neighboring base stations by the RSRP measurement report reported by the UE.
  • the RSRP measurement report contains information for all neighboring base stations.
  • the macro base station determines that the UE is a Victim UE when the difference between the RSRP of the neighboring Femto and the RSRP of the macro base station exceeds a certain threshold and there is no access right.
  • the Femto BS For Femto BS, because if there is a Macro UE entering its coverage, the Macro UE will have strong interference to the Femto BS in the uplink direction, so the Femto BS can measure the uplink signal to interference ratio (Sign plus Interference to Noise). Ratio, SINR), but when it reaches a certain threshold, the Femto BS can consider that there is a Victim UE in its coverage.
  • SINR Signal plus Interference to Noise Ratio
  • the UE module of the Femto BS accesses the macro base station, when there is no Victim UE in its coverage, it will remain in the RRC_IDLE mode.
  • the connection mode between the Femto BS and the macro base station needs to be switched to RRC_C0NNECTED for data transmission.
  • the Femto BS If the Femto BS first discovers the Victim UE, it can send a random access request to the macro base station. When the connection is successfully established after successful access, the connection mode is RRC_C0NNECTED. If the macro base station first discovers the Victim UE, it sends a Paging signal to the UE module of the Femto BS. After receiving the paging, the Femto BS initiates a random access request to the macro base station, and when the connection is successfully established, the connection mode is It is RRC_C0NNECTED mode.
  • the mutual notification of the Victim UE between the macro base station and the Femto BS may be transmitted through the traditional backhaul link in addition to the above air interface transmission, because the delay of the UE accessing the base station may be long due to collision or the like. Moreover, the system performance requirements for the initial setup time of the coordination link are not high.
  • connection state of the macro base station and the UE module of the Femto BS is RRC_C0NNECTED
  • data information can be transmitted between the two.
  • the Victim UE control information that needs to be shared between the macro base station and the Femto BS may include the following: If the interference coordination mode of resource blanking is adopted between the two base stations, the shared control message is The resource block location allocated for the Victim UE; if a beam coordinated interference coordination mode is adopted between the two base stations, the shared control message is beam direction information that the interfering base station generates interference to the Victim UE.
  • the control information transmitted varies according to the active or passive coordination modes.
  • the following line transmission is taken as an example.
  • the active coordination first allocates the downlink transmission resources of the Victim UE by the macro base station, and then informs the Femto BS through the air interface, so that the Femto BS vacates the resources allocated by the macro base station to the Victim UE when allocating the downlink resources.
  • Passive coordination is first allocated by the Femto BS to its own downlink resources, and then the low base station or the vacant resource block location is communicated to the macro base station, and the macro base station communicates with the Victim UE at these low interference resource locations.
  • We recommend proactive coordination because it is superior to passive coordination in terms of scheduling gain and the amount of data shared by the control message.
  • the Femto BS For the uplink transmission, the Femto BS first allocates the uplink transmission resource of the Victim UE, and then informs the macro base station through the air interface, so that the macro base station allocates the resources allocated by the Femto BS to the Victim UE when the uplink resource is allocated, so that the Femto BS is in the space.
  • the resources are communicated with the Victim UE.
  • Passive coordination The macro base station first allocates its own uplink resource, and then informs the Femto BS of the low transmit power or the vacated resource block position, and the Femto BS performs uplink communication with the Victim UE at these low interference resource locations.
  • the macro base station transmits the interference direction information to the Femto BS, which may be the beam direction information that the Victim UE notifies the macro base station to generate the maximum interference by the Femto BS (the beam direction information may be the largest The PMI of the interference beam direction, or the Complementary CSI of the Victim UE to Femto BS.
  • the Femto BS avoids the direction of interference with the Victim UE as much as possible when performing beamforming.
  • the Victim UE is served by a beam direction orthogonal to the direction in which the Victim UE interferes the most. If it is passive, the Femto BS transmits its own beam direction information to the macro base station.
  • the macro base station determines the beam direction of the serving Victim UE according to the location of the Victim UE and the Femto BS beam direction information, so that the downlink interference received is minimized.
  • the resource blanking and the beam coordination may be used simultaneously, and the shared control message includes the resource block location and the beam direction information that the Femto BS interferes with the Victim UE.
  • the transmission on the PDCCH or the transmission on the PDSCH may be selected according to the size of the transmission information amount. If the shared control information is small, and the PDCCH resource of the transmission subframe has a space, the shared control message is transmitted on the PDCCH corresponding to the UE module of the Femto BS, as shown in FIG. 4 . If there are many shared control information, or the PDCCH resources of the transmission subframe are tight, then we can put the shared control information on the PDSCH of the UE module of the Femto BS, as shown in Figure 5. For the transmission mode of the uplink interaction control message, since the PUCCH is only used to transmit CQI and HARQ ACK/NAK information, and the resource location is tight, the shared control message can only be transmitted on the PUSCH, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • a specific implementation manner is to copy a control message of the Victim UE to the PDCCH corresponding to the UE module of the Femto BS, which is distinguished from the Victim UE by using different scrambling codes.
  • the advantage of this approach is that there is no need to modify the existing DCI/UCI format. It is also possible to directly extract some of the required control messages, such as Resource Allocation Indicator (RAI), MCS/RV, etc., to form a new DCI format, where the newly defined DCI/UCI format involves only two base stations (macro base station). Between the micro base station and the base station, it is transparent to the UE. This way you can reduce the amount of data transferred.
  • RAI Resource Allocation Indicator
  • the Femto BS in the active coordination does not use these resources to serve its downlink UE when using the downlink resource location allocated by the macro base station to the Victim UE, or uses a smaller transmitting power.
  • the Femto BS On the uplink, the Femto BS first allocates the uplink resource of the serving UE, and then informs the macro base station of the allocated result on the PUSCH through the air interface, and the macro base station avoids the uplink resource block used by the Femto BS to provide the uplink service for the Victim UE.
  • the Femto BS informs the macro base station of its unused or reduced power resource block position, and the macro base station transmits the downlink signal of the Victim UE at the position indicated by these control messages.
  • the uplink macro base station first allocates uplink resources of the Victim UE, and then sends related information to the Femto BS.
  • the Femto BS avoids these resource blocks that have strong interference to the Femto uplink, or uses a smaller MCS.
  • the Femto BS uses the beam service Femto UE orthogonal to the direction of the interference.
  • the Femto BS informs the macro base station of the beam direction of the Femto UE, and the macro base station schedules the beam direction of the Victim UE so that the uplink signal interference to the Femto UE is as small as possible.
  • the Femto BS transmits the beam direction information used by itself to the macro base station in the downlink, and the macro base station selects the beam direction service Victim UE with small beam interference with the Femto BS according to the direction information and the position of the Victim UE.
  • the macro base station informs the Femto BS of the beam direction of the Victim UE, and then the Femto BS schedules the beam direction of the Femto UE to avoid the uplink interference direction of the Victim UE as much as possible.
  • Updates to the Victim UE list use the same approach as Victim UE discovery.
  • the macro base station can learn the signal strength of each neighboring base station to the UE through the periodic RSRP report of the UE.
  • the UE can be considered as not a Victim UE.
  • the Femto BS measures the uplink SINR, when it is currently greater than a certain threshold, it can be considered that there is no Victim UE in its coverage.
  • Example 2 This example shows how to implement dynamic ICIC through air interface interactive control messages in a Macro+Femto scenario. Many of the steps are the same as those of the above Macro+Femto scenario. The main parts are explained here, and the same points will not be described again.
  • the Pico BS After the Pico BS starts running, its UE module completes the registration process to the macro base station, and the macro base station confirms that it is a special UE through the feedback message of the authentication server, and adopts special processing (that is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1) Said preset communication protocol).
  • the Victim UE extends the UE within the range after the Range Extension is applied.
  • the downlink signal strength received from the macro base station is higher than that from Pico BS.
  • the downlink signal strength is large, so strong interference from the macro base station is received in the downlink direction.
  • the distance between the Macro UE and the Pico BS coverage handover from the Macro UE to the macro base station is often greater than the distance from the Pico BS. Because of the greater path loss compensation, the Macro UE also interferes with the Pico UE in the uplink direction. .
  • Pico does not have obvious interference to the macro base station in the uplink and downlink directions
  • the discovery of the Victim UE in the Macro+Pico scenario requires the Pico BS to complete.
  • the Pico BS reports that the Pico UE is a Victim UE if the RSRP of the Pico BS and the RSRP of the macro base station are greater than a certain threshold.
  • the UE module of the Pico BS accesses the macro base station, when there is no Victim UE in its coverage, it will maintain the RRC_IDLE mode.
  • the Pico BS After the Pico BS finds the existence of the Victim UE, it initiates a random access request to the macro base station. After successful access, the connection mode between the macro base station and the Pico BS changes to the RRC_C0NNECTED state.
  • the Paging message is not transmitted to the Pico BS through the macro base station to switch the connection mode to RRC_C0NNECTED.
  • the edge UE added by the Range Extension is highly likely (because of the coverage of the hotspot area), so the connection between the UE function of the Pico BS and the macro base station will remain in the RRC_C0NNECTED state for most of the time.
  • the mutual notification of the Victim UE between the macro base station and the Pico BS may be transmitted through the traditional backhaul link in addition to the above air interface transmission, because the delay of the UE accessing the base station may be long due to collision, etc., and System performance does not require a high initial setup time for the coordination link.
  • the control information transmitted is different according to the two different coordination modes, active or passive.
  • the following line transmission is taken as an example.
  • the PCO BS first allocates the downlink transmission resource of the Victim UE, and then informs the macro base station through the air interface, so that the macro base station vacates the resources allocated by the Pico BS to the Victim UE when allocating the downlink resource.
  • Passive coordination is performed by the macro base station first allocating its own downlink resources, and then informing the Pico BS of the low transmit power or the vacated resource block position, and the Pico BS communicates with the Victim UE at these low interference resource locations. Also we recommend using active coordination.
  • the Pico BS transmits the interference direction information to the macro base station, which may be the beam direction information that the Victim BS notifies the Pico BS to generate the maximum interference by the macro base station (possibly the maximum interference beam direction). PMI, or Victim UE to Femto BS Complementary CSI).
  • the macro base station avoids the direction of the greatest interference to the Victim UE when performing beamforming. If it is passive, the macro base station transmits its own beam direction information to the Pico BS, and the Pico BS determines the beam direction of the serving Victim UE according to the location of the Victim UE and the macro base station beam direction information, so that the received downlink interference is minimized.
  • Resource blanking and beam coordination The formula can be used at the same time, and the shared control message includes the resource block location and the beam direction information that the macro base station interferes with the Victim UE.
  • the active coordination medium macro base station does not use these resources to serve its downlink UE when receiving the downlink resource location allocated by the Pico BS to the Victim UE, or uses a smaller transmitting power.
  • the Pico BS first allocates the uplink resource of the serving UE, and then informs the macro base station of the allocated result on the PUSCH through the air interface.
  • the macro base station avoids the uplink resource block used by the Pico BS to provide the uplink service for the Victim UE.
  • the macro base station informs the Pico BS of its unused or reduced power resource block position, and the macro base station transmits the downlink signal of the edge Macro UE at the position indicated by these control messages.
  • the uplink macro base station first allocates the uplink resources of the edge Macro UE, and then sends relevant information to the Pico BS.
  • the Pico BS avoids these resource blocks that have strong interference to the Pico uplink, or uses a smaller MCS.
  • the downlink macro base station uses the beam service Femto UE orthogonal to the direction of the interference when receiving the information about the interference direction of the Victim UE transmitted by the Pico BS.
  • the Pico BS informs the macro base station of the beam direction of the Pico UE, and the macro base station schedules the beam direction of the Macro UE at the junction so that the uplink signal interference to the Pico UE is as small as possible.
  • the downlink base station transmits the beam direction information used by itself to the Pico BS, and the Pico BS selects the beam direction service Victim UE that is less subject to the beam interference of the macro base station according to the direction information and the location of the Victim UE.
  • the macro base station informs the Pico BS of the beam direction of the relevant Macro UE, and then the Pico BS schedules the beam direction of the Pico UE so as to avoid the uplink interference direction of the Macro UE as much as possible.
  • the Pico BS updates the Victim UE list through the RSRP report of the UE.
  • the difference between the RSRP of the macro base station and the RSRP of the Pico BS is less than a certain threshold, or the UE switches to the macro base station, the UE is considered to be not a Victim UE.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for inter-base station interference coordination, including: an access module 701, configured to access a macro base station as a user equipment UE function module;
  • the query module 702 is configured to periodically query whether there is an interfered user equipment Victim UE;
  • the interference coordination module 703 is configured to: when the query module 702 queries the presence of the Victim UE, perform control message transmission by using an air interface with the macro base station to perform interference coordination on the Victim UE.
  • the device provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a preset communication protocol processing module, configured to set information transmission between the micro base station and the macro base station according to a preset communication protocol.
  • the foregoing access module specifically includes:
  • a synchronization unit configured to synchronize the micro base station to a macro base station
  • a requesting unit configured to initiate a random access request to the macro base station, so that the macro base station identifies a type of the UE identifier in the random access request;
  • the access processing unit is configured to perform access processing according to a communication protocol preset by the preset communication protocol processing module when the type of the UE identifier is a UE function module of the micro base station.
  • the existing DCI/UCI format transmission control message may be used between the micro base station and the macro base station, and preferably, the custom DCI/UCI format transmission control message transparent to the UE is also adopted. This way you can reduce the amount of data transferred.
  • a query module is respectively disposed in the Femto BS and the macro base station;
  • the query module is specifically set in the Pico BS.
  • the apparatus further includes: establishing a connection module, configured to complete connection establishment between the micro base station and the macro base station and the macro base station.
  • the establishing a connection module includes:
  • a first connecting unit configured to send a random access request to the macro base station to establish an interference coordination connection with the macro base station
  • the second connecting unit is configured to: after receiving the paging signal sent by the macro base station, initiate the macro paging to the macro base station
  • the random access request is used to establish an interference coordination connection
  • the establishing connection module is specifically configured to establish a connection between the micro base station and the macro base station by using an air interface transmission manner or a backhaul link transmission manner.
  • the device further includes: a transmission mode setting module, configured to: when the query module periodically queries that there is no Victim UE, set the air interface transmission mode to an RRC_IDLE mode; and complete connection establishment in the establishing connection module After that, the air interface transmission mode is set to an RRC_C0NNECTED mode.
  • a transmission mode setting module configured to: when the query module periodically queries that there is no Victim UE, set the air interface transmission mode to an RRC_IDLE mode; and complete connection establishment in the establishing connection module After that, the air interface transmission mode is set to an RRC_C0NNECTED mode.
  • the interference coordination module is specifically configured to: when the query module queries the presence of the Victim UE, the micro-base station and the macro base station use the air interface to transmit a control message including the allocated resource block location and/or the interference beam direction generated by the Victim UE. Interference coordination is performed on the Victim UE.
  • the interference coordination module specifically includes:
  • a first interference coordination unit configured to: the macro base station transmits the transmission resource of the allocated Victim UE and/or the interference beam direction information generated by the Victim UE to the private micro base station by using the air interface, and the private micro base station allocates the resource to the macro base station and allocates the voice to the Vittim.
  • the resources of the UE may avoid the interference beam direction to achieve interference coordination;
  • the second interference coordination unit is configured to: the private micro base station transmits the low transmission power or the vacated resource block position in the allocated resource, and/or the used beam direction information is transmitted to the macro base station by using the air interface, where the macro base station is in the The low transmit power or the vacated resource block location, and/or avoiding the beam direction of the used beam direction information, communicate with the Victim UE to achieve interference coordination.
  • the third interference coordination unit is configured to: the open micro base station transmits the transmission resource of the allocated Victim UE and/or the interference beam direction information generated by the Victim UE to the macro base station by using an air interface, and the macro base station allocates the open micro base station allocation when allocating resources.
  • the resource of the Victim UE is circumvented by the interference beam direction to achieve interference coordination; or the fourth interference coordination unit is configured to: the macro base station allocates the low transmission power or the vacated resource block position of the allocated resource, and/or The used beam direction information is transmitted to the open micro base station using the air interface, the open micro base station is at the low transmit power or the vacated resource block position, and/or avoids the beam direction of the used beam direction information, and the Victim UE Communicate to achieve interference coordination.
  • the preset communication protocol processing module specifically includes:
  • the physical layer communication protocol processing unit is configured to: the micro base station uses the same time-frequency resource to communicate with the macro base station and the self-serving UE in the full-duplex working mode at the physical layer; or, divide resources in the time domain or the frequency domain.
  • the physical layer of the micro base station communicates with the link between the macro base station in the first preset subframe, and communicates with the link between the serving UE in the second preset subframe; or, in the frequency There are multiple carriers on the domain, and the micro base station communicates with the link between the macro base station on the first preset carrier, and communicates with the link between the serving UE on the second preset carrier;
  • a MAC layer communication protocol processing unit configured to send a base station MAC layer to schedule transmission information, and transmit the scheduling result as a MAC protocol data unit PDU to the opposite base station; the receiving base station MAC layer transmits the received MAC information to the scheduler;
  • the RLC layer communication protocol processing unit is configured to perform information interaction at the RLC layer by using a transparent mode TM or a non-acknowledgment mode UM mode that does not include a hybrid automatic repeat request HARQ.
  • part or all of the control messages are exchanged through the air interface, that is, the control message required for the interference coordination between the macro base station and the micro base station with little transmission delay is flexible, and the delay is small, thereby realizing dynamic Interference coordination; interference coordination through dynamic scheduling, thereby improving system performance, that is, improving system throughput and resource utilization;
  • the existing UE does not need any modification, and the UE is maintained. To compatibility.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种基站间干扰协调的方法和装置,涉及通信领域。所述方法包括:微基站作为用户设备UE功能模块接入宏基站;周期性查询是否存在受干扰用户设备Victim UE;是则微基站与宏基站之间利用空口传输控制消息,对所述Victim UE进行干扰协调。通过空口交互部分或全部控制消息,即在宏基站与微基站之间以很小的传输延迟交互干扰协调所需要的控制消息,布设灵活,延迟小,从而实现动态的干扰协调;通过动态调度进行干扰协调,进而提高了系统性能,即提高了系统吞吐量和资源利用率;另外,仅需要修改基站功能,现有的UE不需要任何修改,保持了UE的后向兼容性。

Description

基站间干扰协调的方法和装置 本申请要求于 2012年 03月 05日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210054946. 7、 发明名称为 "基站间干扰协调的方法和装置"的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容 通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域 本发明涉及通信技术领域, 特别是涉及一种基站间干扰协调的方法和装置。 背景技术
移动通信网络通常采用蜂窝结构, 即在不同地点架设不同的基站, 每个基站形成 一个小区, 负责该区域内的移动用户的通信, 为了保证移动用户能够获得无缝的连续 的通信,相邻小区有一定的重叠区域, 从而使得移动用户能够从一个小区切换到另外 一个小区。 为了提高小区容量, 现有技术中一种较好的方式是采用多层小区结构
HetNet (Heterogeneous Network, 异构网络), 即首先用宏小区 (Macro-cel l ) 实现 该区域的无缝连续覆盖, 然后在热点采用小蜂窝 (Pico或 Femto等) 重叠覆盖, 小 蜂窝针对热点地区较大的业务量需求, 提供很高的容量, 从而实现系统容量的 "按需 分配"。
其中, HetNet中布设的小蜂窝分为两种类型: Pico (Pico-cel l ,微蜂窝)和 Femto (Femto-cel l,微微蜂窝)。 Pico小区的服务是开放式的,即同一网络的用户终端(UE) 移动到离其开放微基站 (Pico BS) 较近的位置时, 可以通过小区切换将服务基站改 为当前信干噪比 (Signal_to_Interference_plus_Noise Ratio, SINR) 最大的 Pico BS; 而 Femto提供的服务是封闭式的, 除私有微基站 (Femto BS) 中的授权用户外, 不允许外来的用户接入。
然而, 在 HetNet系统中, Pico/Femto区域与所在的宏小区之间可以使用相同的 频段,此时宏基站 /用户和微基站 /用户之间的干扰比较明显: 在 Macro+Femto的场景 中, 下行方向上的基站间干扰主要是 Femto 基站对邻近 Macro UE 的干扰: 而在 Macro-Pico 的场景下, 下行方向的干扰主要是宏基站对微基站的下行信号产生的干 扰。
针对此, 通常采取干扰协调 (Inter-cel l interference cancel lation, ICIC) 策略来降低干扰对系统性能的影响; 在 HetNet场景中主要的干扰协调方案是资源块 留空和波束协调: 资源留空指干扰基站在为受干扰用户设备 (Victim UE) 分配的时 频资源的位置不发送数据, 或者以较小的发射功率服务小区中心用户,避免或降低对 Victim UE的干扰; 波束协调可看作一种向量空间上的留空, 即干扰基站在向量空间 进行波束赋形时尽可能避免选择对被其干扰 UE产生最强干扰的方向, 这样就可以避 免或降低对 Victim UE的干扰。
但是,此种静态和半静态干扰协调策略的缺点也是明显的: 其不能对信道条件和 传输负载作出快速自适应的调整; 例如对于高速移动的 UE而言, 其信道变化较快, 静态或半静态的资源块留空不能很好的利用信道的调度增益, 虽然降低了干扰,但是 最终系统的吞吐量不会有明显提升; 而半静态的波束协调则跟不上干扰的变化, 导致 干扰协调的效果不好; 尤其特殊业务来说, UE 不需要持续与基站传输数据, 由于静 态或半静态的干扰协调方式没有根据传输负载进行自适应的调整,会造成分配资源的 浪费, 从而降低全网吞吐量。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种基站间干扰协调的方法和装置,以解决现有静态或半静态 的干扰协调方式中, 控制消息传输时延过长导致系统吞吐量和资源利用率较低的问 题。
为实现上述目的, 本发明实施例提供了如下方案:
一方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种基站间干扰协调的方法, 包括:
微基站自身作为用户设备 UE功能模块接入宏基站;
周期性查询是否存在受干扰用户设备 Victim UE;
当存在所述 Victim UE时, 微基站和宏基站之间通过空口进行控制消息传输; 所 述控制消息用于对所述 Victim UE进行干扰协调。
一种基站间干扰协调的装置, 包括:
接入模块, 用于微基站作为用户设备 UE功能模块接入宏基站;
查询模块, 用于周期性查询是否存在受干扰用户设备 Victim UE;
干扰协调模块, 用于当所述查询模块查询到存在 Victim UE时, 通过与所述宏基 站之间利用空口进行控制消息传输以对所述 Victim UE进行干扰协调。
根据本发明提供的具体实施例, 公开了以下技术效果:
本发明实施例中, 当查询到干扰 UE时, 微基站与宏基站之间利用空口传输控制 消息, 对所述 Victim UE进行干扰协调。 通过空口交互部分或全部控制消息, 即在宏 基站与微基站之间以很小的传输延迟交互干扰协调所需要的控制消息,布设灵活, 延 迟小,从而实现动态的干扰协调;通过动态调度进行干扰协调,进而提高了系统性能, 即提高了系统吞吐量和资源利用率; 另外, 仅需要修改基站功能, 现有的 UE不需要 任何修改, 保持了 UE的后向兼容性。 附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现 有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅 是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提 下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为本发明实施例提供的一种基站间干扰协调的方法流程图;
图 2为本发明实施例中通过时分方式区分微基站与其服务的 UE和宏基站两条链 路示意图;
图 3为本发明实施例中通过频分方式区分微基站与其服务的 UE和宏基站两条链 路示意图;
图 4为本发明实施例中通过 PDCCH信道传输控制消息示意图;
图 5为本发明实施例中通过 PDSCH信道传输控制消息示意图;
图 6为本发明实施例中通过 PUSCH信道传输控制消息示意图;
图 7为本发明实施例提供的一种基站间干扰协调的装置结构框图。 具体实施方式 本发明所要解决的是: HetNet 场景中如何在宏基站与微基站之间以很小的传输 延迟交互干扰协调所需要的控制消息, 从而实现动态干扰协调,提高系统吞吐量和资 源利用率。 下面仅以 LTE系统为例进行说明, 但并不局限于此。
基于此, 参见图 1, 本发明实施例提供了一种基站间干扰协调的方法, 包括: S101 : 微基站作为用户设备 UE功能模块接入宏基站;
S102: 周期性查询是否存在受干扰用户设备 Victim UE;
S103: 若存在 Victim UE, 则微基站与宏基站之间利用空口传输控制消息, 对所 述 Victim UE进行干扰协调。
本发明实施例的技术方案主要是微基站除了原有的功能之外,可以作为一个特殊 的 UE, 通过空口与宏基站进行干扰相关的控制消息交互, 由于空口的传输时延很小, 相当于传统回程链路 (例如 LTE中传输延迟为 lms数量级), 可以实现动态的干扰协 调。
本发明实施例中, 微基站自身作为用户设备 UE功能模块接入宏基站包括: 微基站同步到宏基站后, 向宏基站发起随机接入请求。
宏基站识别所述随机接入请求中的 UE标识的类型。
若所述 UE标识的类型为微基站的 UE功能模块, 则按预置通信协议对微基站的 UE功能模块进行接入处理。
其中, 宏基站识别所述随机接入请求中的 UE标识的类型具体包括: 宏基站将所 述随机接入请求中的 UE标识发送至认证服务器进行验证,认证服务器判断该 UE标识 为普通 UE或微基站的 UE功能模块, 并将判断结果返回宏基站。
具体的, 当所述微基站为私有微基站时,所述私有微基站和宏基站分别周期性查 询是否存在 Victim UE; 当所述微基站为开放微基站时, 所述开放微基站周期性查询 是否存在 Victim UE。 其中, 本实施例中私有微基站以 Femto BS为例、 开放微基站 以 Pico BS为例进行说明, 但本领域普通技术人员很容易了解, 此处并不局限于此, 在此不再赘述。
上述 Femto BS周期性查询是否存在 Victim UE具体包括:
Femto BS周期性测量上行方向各 UE的信干噪比 SINR, 判断是否达到预置门限, 是则存在 Victim UE, 其中达到预置门限的 UE为 Victim UE。
上述宏基站周期性查询是否存在 Victim UE具体包括:
宏基站根据各 UE 周期性上报的参考信号接收功率 RSRP 测量报告, 计算相邻 Femto BS的 RSRP与宏基站的 RSRP之差,判断差值是否超过第一阈值,是则存在 Victim UE, 其中差值超过第一阈值的 UE为 Victim UE。
上述 Pico BS周期性查询是否存在 Victim UE包括:
Pico BS根据各 UE周期性上报的 RSRP测量报告,计算宏基站的 RSRP与所述 Pico
BS的 RSRP之差, 判断差值是否大于第二阈值, 是则存在 Victim UE, 其中大于第二 阈值的 UE为 Victim UE。
具体的, 当微基站为 Femto BS时, 若 Femto BS先查询到存在 Victim UE, 则微 基站和宏基站之间通过空口进行控制消息传输具体包括: Femto BS向宏基站发出干 扰协调接入请求,微基站和宏基站之间建立干扰协调连接后,通过空口进行控制消息 传输。 若宏基站先查询到存在 Victim UE, 则微基站和宏基站之间通过空口进行控制消 息传输具体包括: 宏基站向 Femto BS的 UE功能模块发送寻呼 Paging信号, Femto BS 收到寻呼信号后, 向宏基站发起干扰协调接入请求,微基站和宏基站之间建立干扰协 调连接后, 通过空口进行控制消息传输。
当微基站为 Pico BS时, 微基站和宏基站之间通过空口进行控制消息传输具体包 括:
Pico BS向宏基站发起干扰协调接入请求, 微基站和宏基站之间建立干扰协调连 接后, 通过空口进行控制消息传输。
需要说明的是,微基站与宏基站之间利用空口传输方式或回程链路传输方式建立 连接。 因为 UE接入基站的时延可能由于碰撞等原因较长, 而且系统性能对协调链路 的初始建立时间要求不高。
优选的, 微基站自身作为用户设备 UE功能模块接入宏基站, 这时, 微基站和宏 基站之间的空口传输模式具体为 RRC_IDLE模式, 也就是说, 当不存在 Victim UE时, 微基站与宏基站之间的空口传输模式保持 RRC_IDLE (Radio Resource Control IDLE, 无线资源控制空闲) 模式。
微基站和宏基站之间建立干扰协调连接,这时,微基站与宏基站之间的空口传输 模式具体为 RRC_C0NNECTED (Radio Resource Control CONNECTED, 无线资源控制连 接)模式, 也就是说, 当周期性查询存在 Victim UE时, 微基站与宏基站之间的空口 传输模式将切换为 RRC_C0NNECTED模式。
本发明实施例中,微基站与宏基站之间可以采用现有的 DCI/UCI格式传输控制消 息, 优选的, 也采用对 UE透明的自定义 DCI/UCI格式传输控制消息, 这种方式可以 减小传输数据量。
本发明实施例中, 微基站与宏基站之间利用空口传输控制消息, 对 Victim UE 进行干扰协调包括:
微基站与宏基站之间利用空口通过传输包括已分配资源块位置和 /或对 Victim
UE产生干扰波束方向的控制消息, 对所述 Victim UE进行干扰协调; 具体为:
在宏基站和私有微基站场景下, 宏基站将已分配 Victim UE的传输资源和 /或对 Victim UE产生干扰波束方向信息利用空口传输至私有微基站, 私有微基站在分配资 源时空出宏基站分配给 Victim UE的资源或避开所述干扰波束方向, 实现干扰协调; 或, 私有微基站将已分配资源中低发射功率或空出来的资源块位置, 和 /或, 已 使用的波束方向信息利用空口传输至宏基站,宏基站在所述低发射功率或空出来的资 源块位置处, 和 /或避开已使用的波束方向信息的波束方向, 与 Victim UE进行通信, 实现干扰协调。
在宏基站和开放微基站场景下, 开放微基站将已分配 Victim UE的传输资源和 / 或对 Victim UE产生干扰波束方向信息利用空口传输至宏基站, 宏基站在分配资源时 空出为开放微基站分配给 Victim UE的资源或避开所述干扰波束方向,实现干扰协调; 或, 宏基站将已分配资源中低发射功率或空出来的资源块位置, 和 /或, 已使用 的波束方向信息利用空口传输至开放微基站,开放微基站在所述低发射功率或空出来 的资源块位置处, 和 /或避开已使用的波束方向信息的波束方向, 与 Victim UE进行 通信, 实现干扰协调。
本发明实施例中, 具体的, 微基站与宏基站之间利用空口传输控制消息包括: 在下行交互所述控制消息的传输方式中,根据传输信息量选择在物理下行控制信 道 PDCCH信道或物理下行共享信道 PDSCH信道上传输控制消息。
在上行交互所述控制消息的传输方式中,选择在物理上行共享信道 PUSCH信道上 传输控制消息。
需要说明的是, 微基站的 UE功能模块与宏基站之间按预置通信协议进行信息传 输。
上述预置通信协议包括:
在物理层, 微基站采用全双工工作模式使用相同时频资源与宏基站及自身服务 UE 两条链路进行通信; 或, 在时域上划分资源为多个子帧, 微基站在第一预设子帧 内与宏基站之间链路进行通信,在第二预设子帧内与自身服务 UE之间链路进行通信; 或, 在频域上存在多个载波, 微基站在第一预设载波上与宏基站之间链路进行通信, 在第二预设载波上与自身服务 UE之间链路进行通信。
在 MAC层, 发送基站对传输信息进行调度, 将调度结果作为 MAC协议数据单元 PDU向对方基站传输; 接收基站将接收的 MAC信息传递给调度器; 其中, 协议数据单 元 PDU (Protocol Data Unit) 是指对等层次之间传递的数据单位。
在 RLC层, 采用不包括混合自动重传请求 HARQ的透明模式 TM或非确认模式 UM 模式进行信息交互。 其中, RLC层的三种传输模式, AM、 UM、 TM分别为确认模式, 非 确认模式和透明模式。数据业务通常采用的是 AM, 语音业务采用 TM, 至于 UM则主要 用于一些信令的承载。
详细介绍如下, 由于微基站的 UE功能与普通 UE功能不同,所以宏基站与微基站
UE模块的处理流程和微基站的功能与现有技术的不同之处在本实施例中说明。 以 LTE为例说明宏基站与微基站的 UE模块进行通信时, 宏基站和微基站与现有 协议栈的不同之处。
就物理层 (PHY) 来说, 宏基站将微基站的 UE模块和和普通 UE—样看待。 对于 微基站来说, 要在与宏基站通信的同时服务自己的用户,那么微基站需要维持与宏基 站和自己服务 UE两个链路, 这有两种实现方式, 使用相同的时频资源和不同的时频 资源。这两条链路使用相同的时频资源时, 要求微基站在某一频段接收信号的同时在 相同频段上进行发射, 即全双工的工作模式。 由于现在全双工收发信机在实现上还不 成熟, 我们可以考虑在时域或频域上对微基站的两条通信链路进行区分。如果在时域 上进行区分,可以将部分子帧分配给微基站用于与宏基站的通信, 而其余子帧用于与 所服务 UE的通信。 如图 2所示, 每四个子帧中有一个用于微基站与宏基站通信 (参 见图 2 中白色框所示子帧), 其余三个子帧用于微基站与所服务 UE通信 (参见图 2 中灰色框所示子帧)。 如果在频域上进行区分, 可以考虑载波聚合的方式, 假设宏基 站能使用两个载波 CC1和 CC2, 微基站只能使用其中的一个载波 CC2, 那么宏基站可 以在 CC1上与微基站的 UE模块进行通信, 如图 3所示。
就 MAC层来说, 对于普通 UE来说它的下行 payload来自核心网, 而对于微基站 的 UE模块, 它的 payload来自 MAC层的调度信息。 发送基站的 MAC层需要将相关的 调度结果作为 MAC PDU作为向对方基站传输的数据。 接收微基站的 MAC层需要将 MAC 的数据传递给调度器, 而不是向上层传输。如果两个基站之间的共享的控制消息进行 重新组合, 那么两个基站之间的 MAC层需要加入新的 DCI格式的成帧和解帧操作。
就 RLC层来说, 由于 HARQ进程的回环时间是 8ms, 本发明的主要优势是提供两 个基站之间的高速信息交互方式, 如果使用了 HARQ, 那么通过重传的数据时延与 X2 相当。还有因为控制数据的抗差错能力较强, 传输错误的概率较小, 使用重传的必要 性不大。 所以 RLC的模式可以使用不含 HARQ的 TM/UM模式。
其余的上层协议不受微基站的特殊 UE模块与宏基站通信的影响。
其它需要说明的方面是, 虽然宏基站和微基站的 UE模块之间基于空口进行即时 数据的传输,宏基站和微基站之间还可以通过现有的回程链路方式进行其它数据的交 互。 比如因为微基站的位置相对固定, 信道条件随时间变化很慢, 所以 CQI的反馈可 以通过传统回程链路传输。
可见, 本发明实施例中, 当查询到干扰 UE时, 微基站与宏基站之间利用空口传 输控制消息, 对所述 Victim UE进行干扰协调。 通过空口交互部分或全部控制消息, 即在宏基站与微基站之间以很小的传输延迟交互干扰协调所需要的控制消息,布设灵 活, 延迟小, 从而实现动态的干扰协调; 通过动态调度进行干扰协调, 进而提高了系 统性能, 即提高了系统吞吐量和资源利用率; 另外, 仅需要修改基站功能, 现有的 UE不需要任何修改, 保持了 UE的后向兼容性。 以下, 分别介绍 Macro+Femto场景及 Macro+Pico场景下通过空口交互控制消息 来实现动态 ICIC ( coordination, 基站间干扰协调)。
实例一: 本实例说明 Macro+Femto 场景下通过空口交互控制消息来实现动态 ICIC
a) Femto BS开机注册
当 Femto BS开机时, 除了完成作为一个基站所有的操作, 还需要作为一个特殊
UE接入宏基站。 首先 Femto BS同步到宏基站, 并向宏基站发起随机接入请求。 宏基 站在收到微基站的随机接入请求后, 用相关用户信息 (UE 的标识, 比如 MSI 号, International Mobile Subscriber Identity) 至 lj认证月艮务器进行鉴权。 因为宏基站 处理这类特殊 UE的流程与现有协议不同, 为了区分出是否为 Femto BS的 UE模块, 可以将用户信息的一个子集作为这类特殊 UE的标识。 比如, 我们可以将一部分 MSI 号分配给微基站的 UE功能模块。然后宏基站用与之对应的 S-TMSI号到 AAA服务器进 行认真和鉴权。 当认证服务器返回信息说明该 UE是 Femto BS的 UE功能模块时, 宏 基站对其采用特殊的协议流程(即图 1所示实施例中的预置通信协议),并完成 Femto BS作为一个 UE接入。
b) Victim UE发现
在 Macro+Femto场景下, Victim UE指距离 Femto BS很近的 Macro UE,由于 Femto BS不允许未授权的 Macro UE接入, 所以在下行方向上 Femto BS会对邻近的 Macro UE 产生强干扰。
这类 Victim UE的发现功能既可以由 Femto BS完成, 也可以由宏基站完成。 对 于宏基站来说,它可以通过 UE上报的 RSRP测量报告推测其受到相邻基站的干扰情况。 该 RSRP测量报告包含所有相邻基站的信息。宏基站判断当相邻的 Femto的 RSRP与宏 基站的 RSRP 之差超过某一阈值, 而其又没有接入权限时就可以认为该 UE 是一个 Victim UE。 对于 Femto BS来说, 因为如果有 Macro UE进入其覆盖范围, 那么在上 行方向上 Macro UE会对 Femto BS产生强干扰, 所以 Femto BS可以通过测量上行方 向的信干噪比 ( Signal plus Interference to Noise Ratio, SINR), 但其达到一定 门限时, Femto BS可以认为在其覆盖范围内存在 Victim UE。 c) 建立宏基站与微基站之间的数据通道
当 Femto BS的 UE模块接入宏基站, 当其覆盖范围内没有 Victim UE时, 会保持 着 RRC_IDLE模式下。
当宏基站或者 Femto BS发现 Victim UE, 且当前宏基站与 Femto BS的 UE模块 之间的连接模式为 RRC_IDLE, 那么 Femto BS和宏基站两者之间的连接模式需要切换 到 RRC_C0NNECTED来进行数据传输。 如果 Femto BS首先发现 Victim UE, 那么它可 以向宏基站发出随机接入请求, 当成功接入即成功建立连接过后, 连接模式即为 RRC_C0NNECTED。 如果宏基站首先发现 Victim UE, 那么它向 Femto BS的 UE模块发 送 Paging信号, Femto BS收到寻呼后, 向宏基站发起随机接入请求, 当成功接入即 成功建立连接后, 连接模式即为 RRC_C0NNECTED模式。
宏基站与 Femto BS之间发现 Victim UE的相互通知除了通过上面的空口传输之 夕卜, 也可以通过传统的回程链路进行传输, 因为 UE接入基站的时延可能由于碰撞等 原因较长, 而且系统性能对协调链路的初始建立时间要求不高。
d) 传输控制消息
当宏基站与 Femto BS的 UE模块的连接状态为 RRC_C0NNECTED时, 两者之间就可 以传输数据信息。
为了实现动态干扰协调, 需要在宏基站和 Femto BS之间进行共享的 Victim UE 控制信息可能包括以下一些: 如果两个基站之间采用的是资源留空的干扰协调方式, 那么共享的控制消息是为 Victim UE分配的资源块位置; 如果两个基站之间采用的是 波束协调的干扰协调方式, 那么共享的控制消息为干扰基站对 Victim UE产生干扰的 波束方向信息。
对于资源留空的干扰协调方式,根据主动或者被动两种不同的协调方式,传输的 控制信息有所不同。 以下行传输为例, 主动式协调由宏基站首先分配 Victim UE的下 行传输资源, 然后通过空口告知 Femto BS, 使 Femto BS在分配下行资源时空出宏基 站分配给 Victim UE的资源。 被动式协调由 Femto BS首先分配自己下行资源, 然后 将低发射功率或者空出来的资源块位置告知宏基站,宏基站在这些低干扰的资源位置 上与 Victim UE进行通信。 我们推荐使用主动式协调, 因为在调度增益和共享控制消 息的数据量方面其都优于被动式协调。
对于上行传输, 主动式协调由 Femto BS首先分配 Victim UE的上行传输资源, 然后通过空口告知宏基站, 使宏基站在分配上行资源时空出 Femto BS分配给 Victim UE的资源, 使得 Femto BS在该空出的资源上与 Victim UE进行通信。 被动式协调由 宏基站首先分配自己上行资源, 然后将低发射功率或者空出来的资源块位置告知 Femto BS, Femto BS在这些低干扰的资源位置上与 Victim UE进行上行通信。
对于波束协调的干扰协调方式, 如果是主动式, 宏基站向 Femto BS传输干扰方 向信息, 这可以是 Victim UE通知宏基站由 Femto BS对其产生最大干扰的波束方向 信息 (波束方向信息可能是最大干扰波束方向的 PMI, 或者 Victim UE到 Femto BS 的 Complementary CSI )。 Femto BS在进行波束赋形时尽可能避开对 Victim UE干扰 最大的方向, 优选的, 采用与对 Victim UE 干扰最大的方向相正交的波束方向服务 Victim UE。 如果是被动式, Femto BS将自己的波束方向信息传递给宏基站, 宏基站 根据 Victim UE的位置和 Femto BS波束方向信息确定服务 Victim UE的波束方向, 使得受到的下行干扰最小。
优选的, 资源留空和波束协调两种方式可以同时使用,这时共享的控制消息包括 资源块位置和 Femto BS对 Victim UE产生干扰的波束方向信息。
对于下行交互控制消息的传输方式, 可以根据传输信息量的大小选择在 PDCCH 上传输或者在 PDSCH上传输。如果共享的控制信息较少, 且该传输子帧的 PDCCH资源 有空余, 将共享的控制消息放在 Femto BS的 UE模块对应的 PDCCH上传输, 如图 4 所示。 如果共享的控制信息较多, 或者该传输子帧的 PDCCH资源紧张, 那么我们可以 把共享的控制信息放在 Femto BS的 UE模块的 PDSCH上, 如图 5所示。 对于上行交互 控制消息的传输方式, 因为 PUCCH只用来传输 CQI和 HARQ ACK/NAK的信息, 而且资 源位置紧张, 所以需要共享的控制消息只能放在 PUSCH上进行传输, 如图 6所示。
一种具体的实现方式是, 将 Victim UE的控制消息复制一份放在 Femto BS的 UE 模块对应的 PDCCH上, 它与 Victim UE使用不同的扰码进行区分。 这种方式的优点是 不需要修改现有的 DCI/UCI格式。也可以直接提取需要的部分控制消息, 如资源分配 位置 (Resource Allocation Indicator, RAI ), MCS/RV等信息, 组成新的 DCI格式, 这里新定义的 DCI/UCI格式只涉及两个基站 (宏基站和微基站) 之间, 对 UE是透明 的。 这种方式可以减小传输数据量。
e) 启用 ICIC策略
如果采用资源留空方式, 主动式协调中 Femto BS在收到宏基站给 Victim UE分 配的下行资源位置时, 不再使用这些资源服务其下行 UE, 或使用较小的发射功率。 上行时 Femto BS首先分配服务 UE的上行资源, 然后将分配的结果通过空口在 PUSCH 上告知宏基站, 宏基站避开 Femto BS已使用的上行资源块为 Victim UE提供上行服 务。 被动式协调中 Femto BS向宏基站知会其未使用的或者发射功率减小的资源块位 置, 宏基站在这些控制消息指示的位置上发送 Victim UE的下行信号。 上行时宏基站 首先分配 Victim UE的上行资源, 然后将相关信息发送给 Femto BS。 Femto BS在收 到宏基站给 Victim UE发送的上行资源位置时, 避开这些对 Femto上行有强干扰的资 源块, 或者使用较小的 MCS。
如果采用波束协调方式, 主动式协调中, 下行时 Femto BS在收到由宏基站发送 的其对 Victim UE干扰方向信息时, 尽可能使用与干扰的方向正交的波束服务 Femto UE。 上行时, Femto BS将 Femto UE的波束方向告知宏基站, 宏基站调度 Victim UE 的波束方向, 使之对 Femto UE的上行信号干扰尽可能小。
被动式协调中, 下行时 Femto BS将自己使用的波束方向信息发送给宏基站, 宏 基站根据这些方向信息和 Victim UE的位置, 选择与 Femto BS的波束干扰小的波束 方向服务 Victim UE。 上行时, 宏基站将 Victim UE的波束方向告知 Femto BS, 然后 Femto BS调度 Femto UE的波束方向, 使之尽可能避开 Victim UE的上行干扰方向。
f )周期性更新 Victim UE列表,如果某个 Femto覆盖范围内已经没有 Victim UE, 将它的 UE模块与宏基站之间的连接模式切换到 RRC_IDLE
对于 Victim UE列表的更新使用与 Victim UE发现相同的方式。 宏基站可以通过 UE周期性的 RSRP报告得知各相邻基站到 UE的信号强度, 当相邻 Femto BS的 RSRP 与宏基站的 RSRP之差小于某个门限时可以认为该 UE已经不是 Victim UE。对于 Femto BS测量上行的 SINR,当前大于某个门限时,可以认为它的覆盖范围内已经没有 Victim UE。 实例二: 本实例说明 Macro+Femto 场景下通过空口交互控制消息来实现动态 ICIC。其中很多步骤与上述 Macro+Femto场景相同, 这里主要说明不同的部分, 相同 之处不再赘述。
a) Pico BS开机注册
与实例一相同, Pico BS开始运行后, 其 UE模块完成向宏基站的注册过程, 宏 基站通过认证服务器的反馈消息确认它是一个特殊的 UE, 采用特殊处理 (即图 1所 示实施例中所述的预置通信协议)。
b ) Victim UE发现
在 Macro+Pico场景下, Victim UE在应用 Range Extension后, 小区扩展范围 内的 UE。 对于这些 UE而言其接收到的来自宏基站的下行信号强度, 较来自 Pico BS 的下行信号强度大, 所以下行方向上收到来自宏基站的强干扰。在上行方向上, 宏基 站和 Pico BS覆盖交接处的 Macro UE到宏基站的距离往往大于到 Pico BS的距离, 由于需要更大的路损补偿, 所以上行方向上也是 Macro UE对 Pico UE产生干扰。
因为 Pico在上下行方向上对宏基站的干扰都不明显, 所以 Macro+Pico场景下 Victim UE的发现需要 Pico BS来完成。 Pico BS通过 UE上报的 RSRP测量报告, 如 果 Pico BS的 RSRP与宏基站的 RSRP大于某一阈值时,认为 Pico UE是一个 Victim UE。
c) 建立宏基站与微基站之间的数据通道
当 Pico BS的 UE模块接入宏基站, 当其覆盖范围内没有 Victim UE时, 它会保 持着 RRC_IDLE模式下。
当 Pico BS发现 Victim UE的存在后, 向宏基站发起随机接入请求,成功接入后, 宏基站与 Pico BS之间的连接模式变为 RRC_C0NNECTED状态。
这里与实施例一不同的是不会通过宏基站向 Pico BS发送 Paging消息使连接模 式切换为 RRC_C0NNECTED。 还有就是对于 Pico来说, 由于 Range Extension增加的 边沿 UE存在的可能性很大 (因为热点地区的覆盖), 所以 Pico BS的 UE功能与宏基 站的连接大部分时间会保持 RRC_C0NNECTED状态。
宏基站与 Pico BS之间发现 Victim UE的相互通知除了通过上面的空口传输之外, 也可以通过传统的回程链路进行传输, 因为 UE接入基站的时延可能由于碰撞等原因 较长, 而且系统性能对协调链路的初始建立时间要求不高。
d) 传输控制消息
对于资源留空的干扰协调方式, 同样根据主动或者被动两种不同的协调方式,传 输的控制信息有所不同。以下行传输为例,主动式协调由 Pico BS首先分配 Victim UE 的下行传输资源,然后通过空口告知宏基站,使宏基站在分配下行资源时空出 Pico BS 分配给 Victim UE的资源。 被动式协调由宏基站首先分配自己下行资源, 然后将低发 射功率或者空出来的资源块位置告知 Pico BS, Pico BS在这些低干扰的资源位置上 与 Victim UE进行通信。 同样我们推荐使用主动式协调。 对于波束协调的干扰协调方 式, 如果是主动式, Pico BS向宏基站传输干扰方向信息, 这可以是 Victim UE通知 Pico BS 由宏基站对其产生最大干扰的波束方向信息 (可能是最大干扰波束方向的 PMI , 或者 Victim UE到 Femto BS的 Complementary CSI )。 宏基站在进行波束赋形 时尽可能避开对 Victim UE干扰最大的方向。 如果是被动式, 宏基站将自己的波束方 向信息传递给 Pico BS, Pico BS根据 Victim UE的位置和宏基站波束方向信息确定 服务 Victim UE的波束方向, 使得受到的下行干扰最小。 资源留空和波束协调两种方 式可以同时使用, 这时共享的控制消息包括资源块位置和宏基站对 Victim UE产生干 扰的波束方向信息。
共享控制信息的内容, 格式和传输的方式都和上述实例一相同, 此处不再赘述。 e) 启用 ICIC策略
如果采用资源留空方式, 主动式协调中宏基站在收到 Pico BS给 Victim UE分配 的下行资源位置时, 不再使用这些资源服务其下行 UE, 或使用较小的发射功率。 上 行时 Pico BS首先分配服务 UE的上行资源, 然后将分配的结果通过空口在 PUSCH上 告知宏基站, 宏基站避开 Pico BS已使用的上行资源块为 Victim UE提供上行服务。
被动式协调中宏基站向 Pico BS 知会其未使用的或者发射功率减小的资源块位 置, 宏基站在这些控制消息指示的位置上发送边沿 Macro UE的下行信号。 上行时宏 基站首先分配边沿 Macro UE的上行资源, 然后将相关信息发送给 Pico BS。 Pico BS 在收到宏基站给边沿 Macro UE发送的上行资源位置时, 避开这些对 Pico上行有强干 扰的资源块, 或者使用较小的 MCS。
如果采用波束协调方式, 主动式协调中, 下行时宏基站在收到由 Pico BS发送的 其对 Victim UE干扰方向信息时,尽可能使用与干扰的方向正交的波束服务 Femto UE。 上行时, Pico BS将 Pico UE的波束方向告知宏基站, 宏基站调度交界处 Macro UE 的波束方向, 使之对 Pico UE的上行信号干扰尽可能小。
被动式协调中, 下行时宏基站将自己使用的波束方向信息发送给 Pico BS, Pico BS根据这些方向信息和 Victim UE的位置, 选择受宏基站的波束干扰小的波束方向 服务 Victim UE。 上行时, 宏基站将相关 Macro UE的波束方向告知 Pico BS, 然后 Pico BS调度 Pico UE的波束方向, 使之尽可能避开 Macro UE的上行干扰方向。
f)周期性更新 Victim UE列表, 如果某个 Pico覆盖范围内已经没有 Victim UE, 将它的 UE模块与宏基站之间的连接模式切换到 RRC_IDLE。
Pico BS通过 UE的 RSRP报告更新 Victim UE列表, 当宏基站的 RSRP与 Pico BS 的 RSRP之差小于某一门限, 或者 UE切换到宏基站时认为该 UE已不是 Victim UE。 参见图 7, 本发明实施例还提供了一种基站间干扰协调的装置, 包括: 接入模块 701, 用于微基站作为用户设备 UE功能模块接入宏基站;
查询模块 702, 用于周期性查询是否存在受干扰用户设备 Victim UE;
干扰协调模块 703, 用于当查询模块 702查询到存在 Victim UE时, 通过与所述 宏基站之间利用空口进行控制消息传输以对该 Victim UE进行干扰协调。 本发明实施例提供的装置还包括预置通信协议处理模块,用于设置所述微基站与 宏基站之间按预置通信协议进行信息传输。
上述接入模块具体包括:
同步单元, 用于将所述微基站同步到宏基站;
请求单元,用于向宏基站发起随机接入请求, 以使所述宏基站识别所述随机接入 请求中的 UE标识的类型;
接入处理单元,用于当所述 UE标识的类型为微基站的 UE功能模块时, 按所述预 置通信协议处理模块预置的通信协议进行接入处理。
需要说明的是, 本发明实施例中, 微基站与宏基站之间可以采用现有的 DCI/UCI 格式传输控制消息,优选的, 也采用对 UE透明的自定义 DCI/UCI格式传输控制消息, 这种方式可以减小传输数据量。
具体的, 当微基站为私有微基站 Femto BS时, 在 Femto BS和宏基站中分别设置 有查询模块;
当微基站为开放微基站 Pico BS时, 查询模块具体设置在 Pico BS中。
所述装置还包括: 建立连接模块,用于完成所述微基站与宏基站与宏基站之间的 连接建立。
所述建立连接模块包括:
第一连接单元,用于向宏基站发出随机接入请求, 以与宏基站之间建立干扰协调 连接; 第二连接单元, 用于接收所述宏基站发送的寻呼信号后, 向宏基站发起随机接 入请求以建立干扰协调连接;所述建立连接模块具体用于微基站与宏基站之间利用空 口传输方式或回程链路传输方式建立连接。
进一步的, 所述装置还包括: 传输模式设置模块, 用于当所述查询模块周期性查 询不存在 Victim UE时, 设置所述空口传输模式为 RRC_IDLE模式; 并在所述建立连 接模块完成连接建立之后, 设置所述空口传输模式为 RRC_C0NNECTED模式。
干扰协调模块, 具体用于当所述查询模块查询到存在 Victim UE时, 微基站与宏 基站之间利用空口通过传输包括已分配资源块位置和 /或对 Victim UE产生干扰波束 方向的控制消息, 对所述 Victim UE进行干扰协调。
所述干扰协调模块具体包括:
第一干扰协调单元, 用于宏基站将已分配 Victim UE的传输资源和 /或对 Victim UE 产生干扰波束方向信息利用空口传输至私有微基站, 私有微基站在分配资源时空 出宏基站分配给 Victim UE的资源或避开所述干扰波束方向, 实现干扰协调; 或者,第二干扰协调单元,用于私有微基站将已分配资源中低发射功率或空出来 的资源块位置, 和 /或, 已使用的波束方向信息利用空口传输至宏基站, 宏基站在所 述低发射功率或空出来的资源块位置处, 和 /或避开已使用的波束方向信息的波束方 向, 与 Victim UE进行通信, 实现干扰协调。
或者, 第三干扰协调单元, 用于开放微基站将已分配 Victim UE的传输资源和 / 或对 Victim UE产生干扰波束方向信息利用空口传输至宏基站, 宏基站在分配资源时 空出开放微基站分配给 Victim UE的资源或避开所述干扰波束方向, 实现干扰协调; 或者,第四干扰协调单元,用于宏基站将已分配资源中低发射功率或空出来的资 源块位置, 和 /或, 已使用的波束方向信息利用空口传输至开放微基站, 开放微基站 在所述低发射功率或空出来的资源块位置处, 和 /或避开已使用的波束方向信息的波 束方向, 与 Victim UE进行通信, 实现干扰协调。
所述预置通信协议处理模块具体包括:
物理层通信协议处理单元,用于微基站在物理层采用全双工工作模式使用相同时 频资源与宏基站及自身服务 UE两条链路进行通信; 或, 在时域或频域上划分资源为 多个子帧,微基站物理层在第一预设子帧内与宏基站之间链路进行通信,在第二预设 子帧内与自身服务 UE之间链路进行通信; 或, 在频域上存在多个载波, 微基站在第 一预设载波上与宏基站之间链路进行通信, 在第二预设载波上与自身服务 UE之间链 路进行通信;
MAC层通信协议处理单元, 用于发送基站 MAC层对传输信息进行调度, 将调度结 果作为 MAC协议数据单元 PDU向对方基站传输;接收基站 MAC层将接收的 MAC信息传 递给调度器; 和
RLC层通信协议处理单元, 用于采用不包括混合自动重传请求 HARQ的透明模式 TM或非确认模式 UM模式在 RLC层进行信息交互。
本装置实施例相关技术特征可以参见上述方法实施例所述技术特征,此处不再赘 述。
可见, 本发明实施例中, 通过空口交互部分或全部控制消息, 即在宏基站与微基 站之间以很小的传输延迟交互干扰协调所需要的控制消息, 布设灵活, 延迟小, 从而 实现动态的干扰协调; 通过动态调度进行干扰协调, 进而提高了系统性能, 即提高了 系统吞吐量和资源利用率; 另外, 仅需要修改基站功能, 现有的 UE不需要任何修改, 保持了 UE的后向兼容性。
需要注意的是,本领域技术人员很容易了解, 上述实施例中所描述的各种基站间 干扰协调的方法和装置也可以作为其他系统的一部分存在,并在系统中实现基站间干 扰协调方面与上述实施例中的描述一致,因而包含上述实施例中的实现基站间干扰协 调方法和系统的基站或其他系统也应包含在本申请的保护范围之内, 在此不再赘述。
专业人员还可以进一步应能意识到,结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的 单元及算法步骤, 能够以电子硬件、 计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现, 为了清楚地 说明硬件和软件的可互换性,在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组 成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行,取决于技术方案的特定应用和 设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的 功能, 但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明实施例的范围。
结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的方法或算法的步骤可以直接用硬件、处理器执 行的软件模块, 或者二者的结合来实施。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明实 施例。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文 中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明实施例的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施 例中实现。 因此, 本发明实施例将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例, 而是要符合 与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
以上所述仅为本发明实施例的较佳实施例而已, 并不用以限制本发明实施例, 凡 在本发明实施例的精神和原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含 在本发明实施例的保护范围之内。
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Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种基站间干扰协调的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
微基站自身作为用户设备 UE功能模块接入宏基站;
周期性查询是否存在受干扰用户设备 Victim UE;
当存在所述 Victim UE时,微基站和宏基站之间通过空口进行控制消息传输; 所述控制消息用于对所述 Victim UE进行干扰协调。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述微基站自身作为用户设 备 UE功能模块接入宏基站包括:
所述微基站同步到宏基站后, 向宏基站发起随机接入请求; 所述接入请求用 于使所述宏基站识别所述随机接入请求中的 UE标识的类型;如果所述 UE标识的 类型为微基站的 UE功能模块,则按预置通信协议对微基站的 UE功能模块进行接 入处理。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 当所述微基站为私有微基站 时, 所述周期性查询是否存在 Victim UE具体为:
私有微基站或宏基站周期性查询是否存在 Victim UE; 或者
私有微基站和宏基站分别周期性查询是否存在 Victim UE。
4、 根据权利要去 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 私有微基站周期性查询是否 存在 Victim UE包括:
私有微基站周期性测量上行方向各 UE的信干噪比 SINR, 判断是否达到预置 门限; 如果是, 则确定存在 Victim UE, 其中达到预置门限的 UE为 Victim UE。
5、 根据权利要去 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 宏基站周期性查询是否存在 Victim UE包括:
所述宏基站根据各 UE周期性上报的参考信号接收功率 RSRP测量报告,计算 相邻私有微基站的参考信号接收功率 RSRP与宏基站的 RSRP之差,判断差值是否 超过第一阈值; 如果是, 则确定存在 Victim UE, 其中差值超过第一阈值的 UE 为 Victim UE。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于: 当所述微基站为开放微基站 时, 所述周期性查询是否存在 Victim UE具体为;
开放微基站周期性查询是否存在 Victim UE。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述开放微基站周期性查询 是否存在 Victim UE包括: 所述开放微基站根据各 UE周期性上报的 RSRP测量报告,计算宏基站的 RSRP 与所述开放微基站的 RSRP之差, 判断差值是否大于第二阈值; 如果是, 则确定 存在 Victim UE, 其中大于第二阈值的 UE为 Victim UE。
8、 根据权利要求 3至 7任意一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在所述微基站 和宏基站之间通过空口进行控制消息传输之前还包括:
微基站向宏基站发出干扰协调接入请求,在所述微基站和宏基站之间建立干 扰协调连接后通过空口进行控制消息传输。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的方法, 其特征在于, 该方法还包括:
所述宏基站向私有微基站发送寻呼信号,所述私有微基站在接收到所述宏基 站发送的寻呼信号后,向宏基站发起干扰协调接入请求以使所述私有微基站和宏 基站之间建立干扰协调连接。
10、根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 微基站和宏基站之间通过空 口传输的控制消息包括:
已分配资源块位置; 和 /或
对 Victim UE产生干扰的波束方向。
11、根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述微基站和宏基站之间通 过空口进行控制消息传输具体包括:
微基站和宏基站之间通过空口进行下行交互控制消息时,根据传输信息量选 择在物理下行控制信道或物理下行数据信道信道上传输控制消息; 和 /或
微基站和宏基站之间通过空口进行上行交互控制消息时,选择在物理上行数 据信道信道上传输控制消息。
12、 一种基站间干扰协调的装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
接入模块, 用于将微基站作为用户设备 UE功能模块接入宏基站; 查询模块, 用于周期性查询是否存在受干扰用户设备 Victim UE;
干扰协调模块, 用于当所述查询模块查询到存在 Victim UE时, 通过与所述 宏基站之间利用空口进行控制消息传输以对所述 Victim UE进行干扰协调。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置还包括预置通信 协议处理模块, 用于设置所述微基站与宏基站之间按预置通信协议进行信息传 输。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述接入模块包括: 同步单元, 用于将所述微基站同步到宏基站;
请求单元, 用于向宏基站发起随机接入请求, 以使所述宏基站识别所述随机 接入请求中的 UE标识的类型;
接入处理单元, 用于当所述 UE标识的类型为微基站的 UE功能模块时, 按所 述预置通信协议处理模块预置的通信协议进行接入处理。
15、 根据权利要求 12所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述装置还包括: 建立连 接模块, 用于与所述宏基站建立连接。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述建立连接模块包括: 第一连接单元, 用于向宏基站发出随机接入请求, 以与宏基站之间建立干扰 协调连接; 第二连接单元, 用于接收所述宏基站发送的寻呼信号后, 向宏基站发 起随机接入请求以建立干扰协调连接。
PCT/CN2013/072175 2012-03-05 2013-03-05 基站间干扰协调的方法和装置 WO2013131467A1 (zh)

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