WO2013118398A1 - 生体情報処理装置、生体情報処理システム、生体情報の圧縮方法、及び、生体情報の圧縮処理プログラム - Google Patents
生体情報処理装置、生体情報処理システム、生体情報の圧縮方法、及び、生体情報の圧縮処理プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/346—Analysis of electrocardiograms
- A61B5/349—Detecting specific parameters of the electrocardiograph cycle
- A61B5/352—Detecting R peaks, e.g. for synchronising diagnostic apparatus; Estimating R-R interval
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
- A61B5/0004—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by the type of physiological signal transmitted
- A61B5/0006—ECG or EEG signals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7232—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes involving compression of the physiological signal, e.g. to extend the signal recording period
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
- A61B5/7239—Details of waveform analysis using differentiation including higher order derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7235—Details of waveform analysis
- A61B5/7253—Details of waveform analysis characterised by using transforms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
- A61B5/7278—Artificial waveform generation or derivation, e.g. synthesising signals from measured signals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a biological information processing apparatus, a biological information processing system, a biological information compression method, and a biological information compression processing program having a function of compressing biological information such as electrocardiogram and pulse wave.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a medical terminal device that compresses electrocardiographic data converted into digital data and outputs the compressed electrocardiographic data to a doctor-side device via a telephone line.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a Holter electrocardiograph apparatus that compresses digitally converted electrocardiogram data by a wavelet code conversion method and stores the compressed electrocardiogram data in an external nonvolatile memory. .
- JP 2002-159451 A JP-A-8-299293
- a first biological information processing apparatus includes a peak detection unit that detects a peak of a biological signal that occurs in a heartbeat cycle, and a detection result of the biological signal based on a detection result of the peak detection unit.
- the peak of the biological signal generated in the heartbeat cycle is detected.
- a first inter-peak biological signal between two adjacent peaks on the time axis of the biological signal is cut out.
- the first inter-peak biosignal is converted into a second inter-peak biosignal having a predetermined number of samples.
- orthogonal transform coefficients are generated by orthogonally transforming the second inter-peak biological signal.
- a difference signal of orthogonal transform coefficients on the time axis is generated. Then, the difference signal is encoded.
- FIG. 1 is a waveform diagram of an electrocardiogram signal.
- FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of an electrocardiogram signal cut out in the RR period.
- 3A and 3B are waveform diagrams of electrocardiographic signals before and after the resampling process.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the time change characteristic of the orthogonal transform coefficient.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a biological information processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic block configuration diagram of a biological information processing apparatus (basic configuration example) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a biological information processing apparatus according to a modification.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a biometric information decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a waveform example of an electrocardiogram signal.
- the horizontal axis of the characteristics shown in FIG. 1 is a sample index on the time axis (that is, the horizontal axis is the time axis), and the vertical axis is the amplitude of the electrocardiogram signal S.
- 3A and 3B show a waveform diagram of the electrocardiogram signal S before the resampling process and a waveform diagram of the electrocardiogram signal Sr after the resampling process, respectively.
- the horizontal axis of the characteristics shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B is time, and the vertical axis is the amplitude of the electrocardiogram signal.
- 3A and 3B show an example in which the number of samples N at the time of resampling is made smaller than the minimum value of the number of samples N 0 of the peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal dS (n 0 ).
- the generation period of the R wave peak P (RR) Period) is constant. That is, by re-sampling the peak-to-peak ECG signal dS (n 0 ) of the actual data, in the ECG signal Sr after the resampling process, the fluctuation of the R wave peak P occurrence position (RR period) Fluctuation) is removed. Further, by this resampling process, the waveform of the peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal x (n) normalized in each RR period becomes similar to each other regardless of the time zone of the RR period.
- the method for obtaining the difference signal dX (k) is arbitrary.
- the orthogonal transformation coefficient X (k) at a predetermined time t and the time t ⁇ 1 immediately before the predetermined time t (the predetermined time t on the time axis) are simply determined.
- the difference signal dX (k) may be a difference value from the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) at time t + 1 (time one sample before) or immediately after time t + 1 (time one sample after the predetermined time t on the time axis).
- a signal obtained by encoding the difference value using a technique such as DPCM (Differential Pulse Code Modulation) or ADPCM (Adaptive DPCM) may be used as the difference signal dX (k).
- DPCM Different Pulse Code Modulation
- ADPCM Adaptive DPCM
- both the difference calculation process and the quantization (encoding) process are substantially performed on the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k), thereby further reducing the data amount. be able to.
- the ECG information compression method of the present invention is a compression method that makes the most of the characteristics of the waveform shape of the ECG signal S in which substantially the same waveform is repeated approximately periodically.
- a very high compression rate can be realized.
- the compression rate of the conventional compression method is at most about 1/10, but the compression rate of the present invention can achieve a compression rate of about 1/100.
- decoding processing is performed on the electrocardiogram signal Sc compressed according to the above principle, and time-series data of the differential signal dX (k) of the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) is decoded.
- the time series data of the differential signal dX (k) is decoded using a decoding process corresponding to the encoding process used when the electrocardiogram signal S is compressed.
- the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) is calculated from the time-series data of the decoded differential signal dX (k) (differential decoding process). At this time, the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) is decoded using a decoding method corresponding to the method of calculating the differential signal dX (k) used when the electrocardiogram signal S is compressed.
- the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) is inversely orthogonal transformed.
- the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) in the frequency domain is converted into a normalized peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal x (n) in the time domain.
- normalized peak intervals using inverse orthogonal transform methods for example, IDCT (Inverse DCT), IMDCT (Inverse MDCT), etc.
- An electrocardiogram signal x (n) is calculated.
- the normalized peak-to-peak ECG signal x (n) is resampled with the number of samples N 0 of the actual data (dS (n 0 )) of the corresponding peak-to-peak ECG signal to obtain the peak-to-peak ECG signal.
- Actual data (dS (n 0 )) is calculated.
- the resampling method it is preferable to use the same method as the resampling method (for example, Lagrangian method, spline method, etc.) used when the electrocardiogram signal S is compressed.
- the peak-to-peak ECG signal dS (n 0 ) obtained as described above is sequentially synthesized in time series, and the actual data of the ECG signal S is decoded.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic block configuration of a biological information processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the biological information processing system 1 includes an electrocardiographic information transmission side device 2 and an electrocardiographic information reception side device 3.
- the transmission-side device 2 is provided on the patient side
- the reception-side device 3 is provided on the facility side such as a hospital that manages the health of the patient.
- electrocardiogram information is transmitted from the transmission-side device 2 to the reception-side device 3 by wireless communication or wired communication will be described.
- the electrocardiographic sensor 4 is attached to the patient and detects a patient's electrocardiographic signal. Then, the electrocardiographic sensor 4 outputs the detected electrocardiographic signal S (electrocardiographic information) to the biological information processing apparatus 10.
- the biological information processing apparatus 10 can be configured by an apparatus such as a personal computer, a mobile communication terminal device, a dedicated information processing apparatus, or the like.
- the biological information processing apparatus 10 acquires a patient's electrocardiographic signal S (electrocardiographic data) from the electrocardiographic sensor 4.
- the biological information processing apparatus 10 compresses the acquired electrocardiogram signal S using the compression method described above.
- the biological information processing apparatus 10 transmits the compressed electrocardiogram signal Sc to the reception-side apparatus 3 through communication.
- the internal configuration and more detailed operation (function) of the biological information processing apparatus 10 will be described later.
- the receiving side device 3 includes an output device 5 and a biometric information decoding device 20 electrically connected to the output device 5.
- the biometric information decoding device 20 can be configured by a device such as a personal computer, a mobile communication terminal device, a dedicated information processing device, for example.
- the biological information decoding apparatus 20 decodes the compressed signal (Sc) of the received electrocardiogram signal S using the above-described expansion and decoding method. Then, the biological information decoding device 20 outputs the decoded electrocardiogram signal S to the output device 5. Note that the internal configuration and more detailed operation (function) of the biometric information decoding device 20 will be described later.
- the waveform cutout unit 14 performs actual data (dS) from the R wave peak P at a predetermined time to the next R wave peak P. (N 0 )) is output to the resampling unit 15.
- the resampling unit 15 is connected to the orthogonal transformation unit 16 and outputs the normalized peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal x (n) to the orthogonal transformation unit 16.
- the resampling unit 15 is connected to the compressed data output unit 19 and outputs a resampling ratio Rn corresponding to the peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal x (n) output to the orthogonal transform unit 16 to the compressed data output unit 19. .
- the resampling unit 15 may output the number N 0 of samples of the corresponding peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal dS (n 0 ) to the compressed data output unit 19 instead of the resampling ratio Rn.
- the orthogonal transform unit 16 is connected to the difference processing unit 17 and outputs the generated orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) to the difference processing unit 17.
- the control unit 12 includes an arithmetic device such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) that controls the entire operation of the biological information processing apparatus 10.
- the control unit 12 controls the operation of each unit in the compression module unit 11 described above, that is, the operation of compression processing of electrocardiogram information.
- FIG. 7 shows an example (modified example).
- FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration block diagram of a biological information processing apparatus 30 according to a modification. Moreover, in the biological information processing apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 7, the same code
- the quantization unit 32 quantizes (rounds off) the orthogonal transformation coefficient X (k) input from the orthogonal transformation unit 16 and converts it into a discrete integer value defined by a predetermined quantization step size. That is, the quantization unit 32 further discretizes the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) input from the orthogonal transform unit 16 and reduces the data amount.
- each unit in the compression module unit may be configured by hardware to realize the above-described ECG information compression processing.
- the above-described embodiment is performed using a predetermined compression processing program (software).
- the ECG information may be compressed.
- the compression processing program is stored in a storage unit (not shown) such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) in the biological information processing apparatus.
- the control unit 12 reads (decompresses) the compression processing program into a RAM (Random Access Memory) (not shown) and performs the above-described ECG information compression processing.
- the compression processing program may be preinstalled in the storage unit, or the compression processing program may be separately mounted on the biological information processing apparatus from the outside and the above-described compression processing is executed. It may be configured. In the latter case, the compression processing program may be distributed from a medium such as an optical disk or a semiconductor memory, or may be downloaded via a transmission means such as the Internet.
- FIG. 8 is an internal block configuration diagram of the biometric information decoding device 20.
- FIG. 8 shows only the configuration mainly related to decompression and decoding processing of electrocardiogram information for the sake of simplicity.
- the biological information decoding device 20 includes a decoding module unit 21 and a control unit 22.
- the biometric information decoding device 20 transmits the compressed electrocardiogram signal Sc, the resampling ratio Rn, the initial value X0 (k) of the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k), etc. transmitted from the biometric information processing device 10. You may provide the memory
- the differential signal dX (k) on the time axis is decoded.
- the decoding unit 24 decodes the differential signal dX (k) using a decoding method corresponding to the encoding method used when the electrocardiogram signal S is compressed.
- the decoding unit 24 is connected to the differential decoding unit 25 and outputs the decoded differential signal dX (k) to the differential decoding unit 25.
- the differential decoding unit 25 includes time-series data of the differential signal dX (k) input from the decoding unit 24 and an initial value X0 (k) of the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) input from the compressed data input unit 23. Based on the above, the orthogonal transformation coefficient X (k) is calculated. At this time, the differential decoding unit 25 decodes the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) by using a decoding method corresponding to the calculation method of the differential signal dX (k) used when the electrocardiogram signal S is compressed. The differential decoding unit 25 is connected to the inverse orthogonal transform unit 26 and outputs the calculated orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) to the inverse orthogonal transform unit 26.
- the inverse orthogonal transform unit 26 performs a predetermined inverse orthogonal transform process on the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) input from the differential decoding unit 25, and converts the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) (frequency domain signal) into a normal value.
- the inverse orthogonal transform unit 26 calculates the peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal x (n) using an inverse orthogonal transform method corresponding to the orthogonal transform method used when compressing the electrocardiogram signal S. Further, the inverse orthogonal transform unit 26 is connected to the resampling unit 27 and outputs the normalized peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal x (n) to the resampling unit 27.
- the resampling unit 27 receives the normalized peak-to-peak ECG signal x (n) input from the inverse orthogonal transform unit 26 and the peak-to-peak ECG signal x (n) input from the compressed data input unit 23.
- the electric signal dS (n 0 ) (actual data) is decoded.
- the resampling unit 27 is connected to the output device 5 and sequentially outputs the decoded peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal dS (n 0 ) to the output device 5. Thereby, the decrypted electrocardiogram signal S is output from the biological information decoding device 20 to the output device 5.
- each unit in the decoding module unit 21 may be configured by hardware to realize the above-described decoding processing of the electrocardiogram information.
- the above-described processing is performed using a predetermined decoding processing program (software).
- the decryption process of the electrocardiogram information may be executed.
- the decoding processing program is stored in a storage unit such as a ROM (not shown) in the biometric information decoding device 20.
- the control unit 22 reads (decompresses) the decoding process program into a RAM (not shown) and executes the above-described decoding process of the electrocardiogram information.
- the decryption processing program may be preinstalled in the storage unit, or the decryption processing program may be separately installed in the biological information decryption device 20 from the outside and the decryption processing may be executed. You may make it the structure to carry out. In the latter case, the decoding processing program may be distributed from a medium such as an optical disk or a semiconductor memory, or may be downloaded via a transmission means such as the Internet.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a procedure of electrocardiographic information compression processing performed by the biological information processing apparatus 10.
- the biological information processing apparatus 10 resamples the extracted peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal dS (n 0 ) with a predetermined number of samples N using a technique such as a Lagrange method or a spline method (step S4).
- a technique such as a Lagrange method or a spline method.
- the electrocardiogram information (electrocardiogram signal S) is compressed in this way.
- the biological information processing apparatus 10 then compresses the electrocardiogram signal S generated as described above (Sc), the resampling ratio Rn of the peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal dS (n 0 ) for each RR period,
- the initial value X0 (k) of the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) is transmitted to the biometric information decoding device 20.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the electrocardiographic information decompression and decoding processing operations performed by the biometric information decoding apparatus 20.
- the control unit 22 controls each unit in the decryption module unit 21, and the electrocardiogram described below. Perform information decompression and decoding operations.
- the control unit 22 reads the decoding processing program into a RAM (not shown) and executes the expansion and decoding operations. To do.
- the biological information decoding device 20 receives a transmission signal transmitted from the biological information processing device 10 and demodulates the received signal. Thereby, the biometric information decoding apparatus 20 uses the compressed data (Sc) of the electrocardiogram signal S, the re-sampling ratio Rn of the peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal dS (n 0 ) for each RR period, and the orthogonal transform coefficient X ( An initial value X0 (k) of k) is acquired (step S11).
- the biometric information decoding device 20 performs a predetermined decoding process on the compressed data (Sc) of the electrocardiogram signal S to generate a difference signal dX (k) of the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) (step S12). ).
- the compressed data (Sc) of the electrocardiogram signal S is decoded using a decoding method corresponding to the encoding method used when the electrocardiogram signal S is compressed. For example, when the entropy encoding method is used when the electrocardiogram signal S is compressed, the biological information decoding apparatus 20 decodes the compressed data using the entropy decoding method.
- the biometric information decoding device 20 is based on the time series data of the difference signal dX (k) generated in step S12 and the initial value X0 (k) of the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) acquired in step S11. Then, a predetermined differential decoding process is performed to calculate an orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) (step S13). At this time, the biological information decoding apparatus 20 calculates the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) using a differential decoding method corresponding to the differential method used when the electrocardiogram signal S is compressed. For example, when the differential signal dX (k) is generated by ADPCM when the electrocardiogram signal S is compressed, the biological information decoding apparatus 20 decodes the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) by ADPCM.
- the biological information decoding apparatus 20 performs a predetermined inverse orthogonal transform process on the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k), and the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) (frequency domain signal) is normalized to the peak center. It is converted into an electric signal x (n) (time domain signal) (step S14). At this time, the biological information decoding apparatus 20 calculates the normalized peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal x (n) using an inverse orthogonal transform method corresponding to the orthogonal transform method used when compressing the electrocardiogram signal S. To do.
- the biometric information decoding device 20 executes the normalized peak-to-peak ECG signal x (n) based on the resampling ratio Rn of the peak-to-peak ECG signal dS (n 0 ) acquired in step S11. Re-sampling is performed with the number of data samples N 0 (step S15). Thereby, the peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal dS (n 0 ) (actual data) is decoded.
- the peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal dS (n 0 ) is synthesized in chronological order, and the electrocardiogram signal S is decoded.
- the electrocardiogram information (electrocardiogram signal S) is decoded in this way.
- the actual data (dS (n 0 )) of the peak-to-peak ECG signal is normalized, and the fluctuation of the peak position of the R wave generated in the actual data of the ECG signal S (R ⁇ R fluctuation).
- the differential signal (d) of the orthogonal transformation coefficient X (k) of the normalized peak-to-peak electrocardiogram signal x (n) is subjected to encoding processing to compress the electrocardiogram signal S. Therefore, the biological information processing apparatus 10 and the biological information processing system 1 according to the present embodiment can compress the biological information with an even higher compression rate.
- the system for transmitting the compressed data (Sc) of the electrocardiogram signal S by communication between the biological information processing apparatus 10 and the biological information decoding apparatus 20 has been described as an example. Is not limited to this.
- the biological information processing apparatus 10 and the biological information decoding apparatus 20 are provided integrally, and the compressed data (Sc) is directly modulated without modulating the compressed data (Sc) of the electrocardiogram signal S.
- the present invention can also be applied to a biological information processing system configured to transmit data to the biological information decoding device 20, and similar effects can be obtained.
- the compressed data output unit 19 of the biological information processing apparatus 10 and the compressed data input unit 23 of the biological information decoding apparatus 20 are configured by, for example, an I / O (Input / Output) interface, and both are electrically directly connected. Just connect.
- a storage unit is provided instead of the compressed data output unit 19, and the compressed ECG signal Sc, the peak-to-peak ECG signal dS (n 0 ) resampling ratio Rn, and The data of the initial value X0 (k) of the orthogonal transform coefficient X (k) may be stored in the storage unit without being transmitted to the outside.
- SYMBOLS 1 ... Biological information processing system, 2 ... Transmission side apparatus, 3 ... Reception side apparatus, 4 ... Electrocardiographic sensor, 5 ... Output device, 10 ... Biological information processing apparatus, 11 ... Compression module part, 12 ... Control part, 13 ... Peak detection unit, 14 ... waveform cutout unit, 15 ... resampling unit, 16 ... orthogonal transform unit, 17 ... difference processing unit, 18 ... encoding unit, 19 ... compressed data output unit, 20 ... biological information decoding device, 21 ... Decoding module unit, 22 ... control unit, 23 ... compressed data input unit, 24 ... decoding unit, 25 ... differential decoding unit, 26 ... inverse orthogonal transform unit, 27 ... resampling unit
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Abstract
Description
[心電信号の圧縮原理]
まず、本発明における心電情報の圧縮手法の原理を説明する。図1に、心電信号の波形例を示す。なお、図1に示す特性の横軸は、時間軸上のサンプルインデックスであり(すなわち、横軸は時間軸である)、縦軸は、心電信号Sの振幅である。
次に、圧縮された心電信号Scの伸張及び復号手法の原理を説明する。本発明では、基本的には、上述した心電信号Sの圧縮処理と逆の処理を施して、圧縮された心電信号Scの伸張及び復号を行う。
次に、上述した心電情報の圧縮及び復号の動作原理を実現するための、生体情報処理システム、生体情報処理装置、及び、生体情報復号装置の一構成例を説明する。
図5に、本発明の一実施形態に係る生体情報処理システムの概略ブロック構成を示す。生体情報処理システム1は、心電情報の送信側装置2と、心電情報の受信側装置3とを備える。図5に示す例では、例えば、送信側装置2が患者側に設けられ、受信側装置3が患者の健康管理を行う病院等の施設側に設けられる。なお、本実施形態では、無線通信又は有線通信により、送信側装置2から受信側装置3に心電情報を伝送する例を説明する。
(1)基本構成例
次に、生体情報処理装置10内部の基本構成及び各部の機能を、図6を参照しながら説明する。なお、図6は、生体情報処理装置10の内部ブロック構成図である。また、図6には、説明を簡略化するため、主に、心電情報の圧縮処理に関与する構成のみを示す。
圧縮データ出力部19から生体情報復号装置20に送信信号を伝送する際、伝送路の情報伝送量が予め規定されており、圧縮データ出力部19から出力する送信信号の情報量がその情報伝送量を超えるような場合には、正規化されたピーク間心電信号x(n)の直交変換係数X(k)に対して、さらに量子化処理を施すことが好ましい。
次に、生体情報復号装置20の内部構成及び各部の機能を、図8を参照しながら説明する。なお、図8は、生体情報復号装置20の内部ブロック構成図である。また、図8には、説明を簡略化するため、主に、心電情報の伸張及び復号処理に関与する構成のみを示す。
[圧縮動作]
次に、本実施形態の生体情報処理システム1(生体情報処理装置10)における、心電情報の圧縮処理動作を、図9を参照しながら、簡単に説明する。なお、図9は、生体情報処理装置10で行う心電情報の圧縮処理動作の手順を示すフローチャートである。
次に、本実施形態の生体情報処理システム1(生体情報復号装置20)における、心電情報の伸張及び復号処理動作を、図10を参照しながら、簡単に説明する。なお、図10は、生体情報復号装置20で行う心電情報の伸張及び復号処理動作の手順を示すフローチャートである。
Claims (15)
- 心拍周期で発生する生体信号のピークを検出するピーク検出部と、
前記ピーク検出部の検出結果に基づいて、前記生体信号の時間軸上で隣り合う2つの前記ピークの間の第1ピーク間生体信号を切り出す波形切り出し部と、
前記第1ピーク間生体信号を所定のサンプル数の第2ピーク間生体信号に変換するリサンプリング部と、
前記第2ピーク間生体信号を直交変換して直交変換係数を生成する直交変換部と、
時間軸上における前記直交変換係数の差分信号を生成する差分処理部と、
前記差分信号を符号化する符号化部と
を備える生体情報処理装置。 - さらに、前記符号化部で符号化された信号を外部装置に送信する送信部を備える
請求項1に記載の生体情報処理装置。 - さらに、前記直交変換係数又は前記差分信号を量子化する量子化部を備える
請求項1又は2に記載の生体情報処理装置。 - 前記生体信号のピークが、心電信号のR波のピークである
請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報処理装置。 - 前記波形切り出し部により切り出される前記第1ピーク間生体信号のサンプル数は、切り出される時間帯に応じて変化する
請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報処理装置。 - 前記リサンプリング部は、ラグランジュ法又はスプライン法により、前記第1ピーク間生体信号を前記所定のサンプル数の前記第2ピーク間生体信号に変換する
請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報処理装置。 - 前記リサンプリング部は、前記第1ピーク間生体信号のリサンプリング比を算出する
請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報処理装置。 - 前記直交変換部は、DCT、MDCT、LOT及びWHTのいずれかの手法を用いて前記第2ピーク間生体信号を所定数の周波数帯域に分割して直交変換し、これにより、前記直交変換係数を生成する
請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報処理装置。 - 前記差分処理部は、所定時刻における前記直交変換係数と、時間軸上において該所定時刻より1サンプル前の時刻又は該所定時刻より1サンプル後の時刻における前記直交変換係数との差分値を前記差分信号として生成する
請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報処理装置。 - 前記差分処理部は、所定時刻における前記直交変換係数と、時間軸上において該所定時刻より1サンプル前の時刻又は該所定時刻より1サンプル後の時刻における前記直交変換係数との差分値を算出し、該差分値をDPCM又はADPCMの手法により符号化し、該符号化された信号を前記差分信号として生成する
請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報処理装置。 - 心拍周期で発生する生体信号のピークを検出する処理、前記ピークの検出結果に基づいて、前記生体信号の時間軸上で隣り合う2つの前記ピークの間の第1ピーク間生体信号を切り出す処理、前記第1ピーク間生体信号を所定のサンプル数の第2ピーク間生体信号に変換する処理、前記第2ピーク間生体信号を直交変換して直交変換係数を生成する処理、時間軸上における前記直交変換係数の差分信号を生成する処理、及び、前記差分信号を符号化する処理の動作を制御する制御部を備える生体情報処理装置。
- 心拍周期で発生する生体信号のピークを検出するピーク検出部、前記ピーク検出部の検出結果に基づいて、前記生体信号の時間軸上で隣り合う2つの前記ピークの間の第1ピーク間生体信号を切り出す波形切り出し部、前記第1ピーク間生体信号を所定のサンプル数の第2ピーク間生体信号に変換するリサンプリング部、前記第2ピーク間生体信号を直交変換して直交変換係数を生成する直交変換部、時間軸上における前記直交変換係数の差分信号を生成する差分処理部、及び、前記差分信号を符号化する符号化部を有する生体情報処理装置と、
前記符号化部で符号化された信号から前記生体信号を復号する生体情報復号装置と
を備える生体情報処理システム。 - 前記生体情報処理装置が、前記符号化部で符号化された信号を前記生体情報復号装置に送信する送信部を有し、
前記生体情報復号装置が、前記生体情報処理装置から送信された前記符号化された信号を受信する受信部を有する
請求項12に記載の生体情報処理システム。 - 心拍周期で発生する生体信号のピークを検出することと、
前記ピークの検出結果に基づいて、前記生体信号の時間軸上で隣り合う2つの前記ピークの間の第1ピーク間生体信号を切り出すことと、
前記第1ピーク間生体信号を所定のサンプル数の第2ピーク間生体信号に変換することと、
前記第2ピーク間生体信号を直交変換して直交変換係数を生成することと、
時間軸上における前記直交変換係数の差分信号を生成することと、
前記差分信号を符号化することと
を含む生体情報の圧縮方法。 - 心拍周期で発生する生体信号のピークを検出する処理と、
前記ピークの検出結果に基づいて、前記生体信号の時間軸上で隣り合う2つの前記ピークの間の第1ピーク間生体信号を切り出す処理と、
前記第1ピーク間生体信号を所定のサンプル数の第2ピーク間生体信号に変換する処理と、
前記第2ピーク間生体信号を直交変換して直交変換係数を生成する処理と、
時間軸上における前記直交変換係数の差分信号を生成する処理と、
前記差分信号を符号化する処理とを生体情報処理装置に実装して実行させる生体情報の圧縮処理プログラム。
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US9301703B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 |
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