WO2013117185A1 - Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un objet tridimensionnel - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un objet tridimensionnel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013117185A1
WO2013117185A1 PCT/DE2013/100014 DE2013100014W WO2013117185A1 WO 2013117185 A1 WO2013117185 A1 WO 2013117185A1 DE 2013100014 W DE2013100014 W DE 2013100014W WO 2013117185 A1 WO2013117185 A1 WO 2013117185A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layers
layer
support base
application
distributor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2013/100014
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bruno BAUMERS
Original Assignee
Additech Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Additech Gmbh filed Critical Additech Gmbh
Publication of WO2013117185A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013117185A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/25—Housings, e.g. machine housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the generative production of a 3-dimensional object, in layers
  • Material is applied by a material application device by linear movement along the support base on the support base or already deposited on these layers, and the layers in each case by the action of electromagnetic radiation or
  • the invention relates to a
  • Device at least one support base as the order level for the object, at least one Dispenser for the material and at least one straight-line along the support base movable distribution device for the layered
  • UV radiation curable plastic To manufacture details in high resolution and with high precision and
  • the object is built up of many layers, each layer being built up individually and consecutively in a repetitive cycle.
  • This cycle contains in all procedures, in which objects within containers with
  • Steps namely the application of a flat layer of unconsolidated material, followed by irradiating all surfaces to be solidified by means of
  • Powder form is applied in the progressive layers, is the production of
  • Layers are structured differently over the respective order level, because the relative movement speed differences of areas which are arranged close to the axis of rotation, relative to areas which are radially outwardly, are considerable, so that as a result the layers thus produced
  • the wear is the Material application devices because of
  • the invention has the object, a
  • the invention proposes that the application of the first or first further layer
  • Particle radiation is made.
  • a successive selective solidification of the corresponding zone is carried out successively following the application of each layer of the application zone, so that the second layer, which is applied following the first layer, no longer depends on one
  • unconsolidated layer is applied, but is applied to an already solidified material layer.
  • the linear application method and the parallel solidification ensure a uniform quality of the produced layers over the entire application width.
  • the layers are in constant
  • the manner of application may be such that the material for forming the layers is applied in the starting area or next to the support base and distributed uniformly over the application level for application by linear movement of a coating medium.
  • the material for forming the layers is applied in the starting area or next to the support base and distributed uniformly over the application level for application by linear movement of a coating medium.
  • Carrier base are applied in sufficient quantity, so that then by means of the corresponding
  • Material layers is discharged onto the support base or the layers thereon.
  • the layers of material are compacted during application or after application and before solidification.
  • a powder is applied as the material.
  • powdery material that is
  • the carrier base In a manner known per se, provision can be made for the carrier base to be applied as a function of the material thickness
  • Material layers from a starting position in different working positions is lowered.
  • the carrier base may be so
  • Order level is always the same level, regardless of how much
  • Material layers are already applied. A further acceleration of the completion of the layers can be achieved by applying as a material powder which is preheated to a temperature lower than the temperature generated during the solidification by radiation, in particular lower than the sintering or
  • the powder material is preheated by means of infrared radiation.
  • the invention further relates to a
  • the device at least one support base as the order level for the object, a straight, so linear, along the support base
  • movable dispenser for the material has at least one likewise rectilinear, along the support base movable distribution device for the layered distribution of the material.
  • the device according to the object solution is characterized in that at least two distribution devices are provided, by means of which on the order level partially
  • Material layers can be applied, wherein the distributing devices in such a direction of Au rectilinear in a row over the
  • the distribution devices as Abrete beautifullyen or rolling device with scraper blades or stripping rollers are formed.
  • the distribution devices in one of them each to be generated layer thickness
  • the support base is height adjustable.
  • the distribution devices are coupled together and at the same time on the order level
  • Radiation generator is provided, by means of which the deposited on the order level layer of material or the material layers can be solidified or are. It is also preferably provided that above the application level one or more
  • Radiation generator are provided by means of which selectively applied by a distributor layer is zonewise solidified before the distribution in
  • the dispenser for the material is a material storage container which is disposed during the dispensing of material near the support base or above the support base and which has in its bottom an outlet opening and a dosing device coupled therewith for the material.
  • the distribution devices each have a
  • Carrier base or on it
  • Material layer is movable, and so on
  • Transport package is coupled to the distribution device and its side walls define a narrowing the support base space, wherein at the discharge opening of this
  • Transport Packung guide plates are arranged or formed, which are arranged such that they are for compressing the
  • the distributing devices are designed as stripping devices in the form of rotatable rollers which can be moved over the deposited material layer, their rotational speed and / or
  • Movement direction is adjustable.
  • Support base is a vertically movable bottom of a body container, which is lowered according to the thickness of the material layers.
  • Guide means for this movement moderately following upper distributor, which in turn is located on the guide means
  • the guide means form a lateral boundary for the applied material.
  • the distribution devices are arranged on a frame part, wherein the frame part
  • Carrier base are arranged in one
  • Carrier base are linearly moved and are positioned beyond the support base, and are movable back to the start position, wherein in the start position, the frontmost in the application direction distributor one of a first
  • Support base or the already deposited on the support base layers is clamped, and the rearmost in the order direction
  • Distributor at least one further layer thickness corresponding distance thereof, and wherein in the
  • the frame part is pivoted so that the rearmost distributor is approximated to the deposited layers closest and the foremost distributor on
  • a preferably rectangular frame part is provided, the dimension of which is made in the width so that it is at least as wide as the
  • lateral longitudinal frame struts extend parallel to the intended application direction.
  • transverse frame struts carry the strip-like distribution devices.
  • a central transverse frame strut holds a third strip-like distribution device. It is also possible, even more strip-like
  • the distributing devices are spaced from one another in the direction of application.
  • the frame part preferably has a longitudinal center between its two end regions formed by the end transverse frame struts
  • the entire frame part is movable by means of a first driving means from a starting position, in which all distribution devices are spatially arranged on one side next to the support base, to an intermediate position in which all distribution devices have been moved over the entire length of the support base and finally beyond the support base
  • Frame part to be arranged displaceably guided on parallel to the application direction rails or positioned and moved by means of a suitable belt or belt drive. Starting from the starting position is the frontmost in the order direction
  • the rearmost distribution device has the largest distance from the support base or on the Carrier base already deposited layers. It is possible in this way, by moving the frame part from the starting position into the intermediate position almost simultaneously depositing several layers on each other. After reaching the intermediate position, the frame part is pivoted about its pivot axis, so that then the hitherto rear distribution device now forms the foremost distribution device, which is closest to the carrier base or the deposited on the support base layers. The other distribution devices are positioned at a greater distance from the order level. By moving back the frame part from the intermediate position to the start position, several layers can again be deposited on top of one another almost simultaneously. If, for example, three on the frame part
  • Distribution devices are arranged, three layers can be built with each movement, so that after a complete movement a total of six layers on the support base or already on it
  • the frame part by means of a second
  • the second drive means may be for example a pivot drive, by means of which the Frame part limited to the pivot axis in
  • the drive means can at
  • the electronic control serves to the first drive means and the second
  • the controller is
  • Frame part is in the starting position and the frame part is then set in motion by the first drive means, wherein successively when the respective Vermaschineinrxchtung is positioned in the correct position over the support base, the dispenser for the delivery of the material at the first distributor is opened and successively in sequence the movement Subsequently, the other dispensers for the other distribution facilities are opened.
  • Carrier base is moved to the end, the dispenser is closed by the controller for the distribution device located there.
  • the first drive means is set still and operated in the reverse direction, wherein
  • Carrier base is then in turn causes an opening of the dispenser for the output of the material in the region of the distribution devices.
  • the dispenser closed sequentially until finally the entire frame part is again positioned in the start position next to the carrier base.
  • each distributor is provided with a dispenser for the material, each dispenser being open for the application of material, when the respective dispenser is above the carrier base, and each dispenser is closed against dispensing of material when the respective dispenser Distributor in
  • Carrier base is located, and that the
  • Dispensing opening of the dispenser in the direction of application is respectively positioned in front of the associated distribution device.
  • each distribution device is equipped with its own dispenser, so that the
  • Material is applied in each case in the application direction in front of the corresponding distributor and can be distributed by the distributor.
  • each distribution device with a controllable
  • Heating device is equipped to warm up the applied layers of material.
  • the heating devices are designed as electrical infrared and / or resistance heating elements.
  • the heater is coupled to the electronic control and switchable via this.
  • the solidification of the by the heater is coupled to the electronic control and switchable via this.
  • Frame part irradiation of the layers deposited by the distributor can be done. Before each of the
  • Powder application begins with preferably simultaneous solidification process by heating, the frame part together with the parts located thereon is inclined over the pivot axis so that the distribution devices are in each case correct height above the plane spanned by the building platform.
  • the distribution device located at the front in the direction of application is equal to one
  • Layer thickness disposed above the platform and each subsequent distribution device is positioned by a further layer thickness higher than the first layer thickness.
  • the support base is over in a
  • Objects are built up layer by layer.
  • Carrier base are applied.
  • the deposited material is selectively solidified between the distributing means so that the first material layer is solidified before the second material layer
  • the heating elements can be regulated
  • Infrared and resistance heating elements which are fixed directly to the frame part. It is in this way a controlled heating of all simultaneously applied powder layers
  • Powder application surface have a similar shape, so that the amount of used
  • Powder material can be kept low.
  • Distribution facilities relative to the underneath lying layers does not vary across the width of the powder layer, but is constant.
  • Powder material therefore advantageous because when additional heating elements are attached to the frame part, a uniform heating of the applied powder layer is achieved, unlike a circular or arcuate application movement of the
  • Layer is determined by computer data, used in the manufacturing process, the invention being a clear
  • Loading devices is applied at different heights to the carrier base surface and partially distributed at the same time over the surface to be generated and optionally at different heights to
  • Figure 1 seen an apparatus according to the invention for producing 3-dimensional body in cross section
  • Figure 2 is a sketchy oblique view of
  • Figure 5 shows an inventive frame part in an isometric view
  • Figure 6 shows the device with the frame part in a starting position in a schematic side view; likewise in the intermediate position, the device in the case of a different orientation of the frame part in the intermediate position; the movement of the frame part from the intermediate position back into the
  • FIG. 10 shows the pivoting of the frame part from the position according to FIG. 9 into the new starting position analogously
  • the device has a
  • a dispenser 4 is arranged, which is for receiving
  • Material powder is used, which is connected via a chute with a metering device 5, via which the pourable material can be applied to the bottom of the body container 10 adjacent to the support base 3.
  • two distributing devices 1, 2 are provided, which are in the starting position, as shown in Figure 1, laterally next to the
  • Carrier base 3 are positioned. These are
  • Distribution devices serve to position the material delivered by the metering device 5 in a corresponding layer thickness on the carrier base. Instead of two such distributing devices 1, 2 further such distributing devices may be provided.
  • a material layer is first to be applied to the application level by means of the distributor device 1. The first
  • Distribution device 1 is thereby by means of a suitable drive 25 in the direction of
  • Movement arrows 12 adjusted linearly over the entire plane of the support base 3 from the position shown on the right in Figure 1 to a left in Figure 1 position. After another dispensing of material in the
  • Distribution device 2 by means of which a further layer of the material is applied to the layer applied by the distributor device 1.
  • This second distributor 2 also runs linearly in the direction of
  • the two distributing devices 1, 2 can be rigidly connected to each other, so that one drive 25 is sufficient for both. But it can also be a separate drive 26 for the second
  • Distributor 2 may be provided.
  • Carrier base are positioned, the
  • Distribution devices 1 and 2 optionally lifted from the ragsebene on, be returned from the left side to the right starting position shown in Figure 1 to perform a new coating operation.
  • the distributing devices preferably have 1.2 stripping devices 28, 29 or
  • coating level is adjustable to an appropriate level, so that correspondingly thick layers of material can be constructed.
  • Radiation generator 8 arranged to the
  • the emission direction of the radiation generator 8 can be adjusted.
  • the alignment of the beams of the beam generator can be carried out in the manner illustrated in FIG. 3, namely selectively behind a distributor 1.2
  • Movement arrows 12 follows. This ensures that then, before material is applied to the second distribution device 2, the underlying layer already
  • Distribution device 2 is again by radiation delivery of the beam generator 8, a solidification of the material, which is applied by the second distribution device 2.
  • This radiation emission also follows the movement of the distributor 2 in the direction of
  • the optimum number of distribution devices is determined by the Size of the slide, the
  • Hardening zones 6, 7 are shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 it is shown that when the distributing devices 1, 2 have crossed the carrier base 3 in the direction of the movement arrow 12 and when the solidification of the
  • Distribution devices can then be easily adjusted back to the starting position according to FIGS. 1 and 2 without them having to be lifted. The procedure is repeated until the 3-dimensional object is generated.
  • FIGS. 5 to 10 show a particularly preferred device.
  • distribution devices 1, 2, 13 are arranged on a frame part 14.
  • the frame part 14 is rectangular in plan view, wherein the longitudinal frame struts are aligned in the direction parallel to the application direction 17,18 and the transverse struts 15,16 at right angles thereto
  • Application direction 17,18 extending strip-like distribution devices 1,2.
  • a further transverse strut is provided, on which a further strip-like distribution device 13 is held.
  • Distribution devices 1, 2, 13 are sufficiently spaced from one another in the application direction 17, 18.
  • the frame part 14 is formed as an open frame part. Between its end regions 15, 16, the frame part has a likewise aligned transversely to the application direction 17, 18
  • the frame part 14 is by means of a first drive means 21,21 * from a start position, which is shown in Figure 6 and in which all distribution devices 1,2,13 are arranged spatially next to the support base 3, in a
  • the in Figure 7 Movable intermediate position, the in Figure 7 is shown.
  • the frame part 14 is moved by means of the drive 21,21 linearly in the direction of the movement arrow 17 on the order level.
  • the frame part 14 is aligned such that all distribution devices 1, 2, 13 are arranged beyond the carrier base 3 or the layers 20 deposited thereon. From this position according to FIG. 7, this is
  • the distributor 13 is higher than the layer thickness
  • Distributor 2 of the coating plane is closest.
  • the distribution device 13 is positioned higher by layer thickness than the distribution device 2 and the distribution device 1 is in turn positioned higher by layer thickness than the distribution device 13 Adjusting the position according to Figure 8 may again take place by means of a drive 21,21 ⁇ a linear displacement of the frame part 14 along the movement arrow 18, wherein
  • a second drive means 22 is provided, by means of which the limited pivoting of the frame part 14 is made possible in the manner shown. Furthermore is
  • the dispensers 4 are two Pulverdosier Anlagenen that bring at appropriate times material powder in the space, so put down on the bottom of the container 10 next to the support base 3.
  • the dispenser 4 shown on the right in FIG. 6 is opened when the position according to FIG. 6 is reached, so that powder material between the frame part 14 and the carrier base 3
  • Distribution devices are distributed 1,2,13 and built on the support base 3.
  • material is introduced via the left-hand dispenser 4 onto the bottom surface of the body container located underneath, which in turn is then used to move the frame part along the movement arrow on the carrier base to form a layer.
  • dispenser 4 in each case dispenser 4 in
  • Distribution devices on the support base 3 is distributed. In the alternative
  • Dispensed container which is then stored by the distributing devices 2,13,1 for the purpose of layering on the support base 3 and the layers 20 thereon.
  • the dispensers 4 and 4 1 can have closing plates or the like on the bottom side, which can be adjusted into the open position or closed position, wherein the adjustment by means of the electronic
  • Control 23 is triggered.
  • each distribution device is 1,2,13 with a controllable heater 24, preferably in the form of an electrical
  • the heaters 24 are also preferably coupled to the electronic controller 23.
  • the invention is not on the
  • Embodiment limited, but in the context of the disclosure often variable.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication générative rapide d'objets tridimensionnels, selon lequel des couches superposées composées de matière coulante ou déversable sont placées successivement sur une base de support et les couches sont solidifiées et reliées ensemble par l'action d'un rayonnement électromagnétique ou d'un rayonnement particulaire. Pour réaliser ce procédé, selon l'invention, d'autres couches sont appliquées et solidifiées en différé pendant l'application et la solidification de la matière, le nombre raisonnable des couches à fabriquer partiellement en même temps étant déterminé par la longueur de la base de support et la vitesse de solidification.
PCT/DE2013/100014 2012-02-10 2013-01-17 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un objet tridimensionnel WO2013117185A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012002640.4 2012-02-10
DE102012002640 2012-02-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013117185A1 true WO2013117185A1 (fr) 2013-08-15

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019185274A1 (fr) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-03 Arcam Ab Procédé et dispositif pour distribuer un matériau pulvérulent
US10994335B2 (en) 2014-03-18 2021-05-04 Renishaw Plc Selective solidification apparatus and methods
US11247396B2 (en) * 2019-05-28 2022-02-15 Vulcanforms Inc. Recoater system for additive manufacturing
US12011880B2 (en) 2019-05-28 2024-06-18 Vulcanforms Inc. Recoater system for additive manufacturing

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US4863538A (en) 1986-10-17 1989-09-05 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Method and apparatus for producing parts by selective sintering
WO1992008592A1 (fr) 1990-11-09 1992-05-29 Dtm Corporation Flux de gaz regule pour frittage selectif au laser
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US4575330A (en) 1984-08-08 1986-03-11 Uvp, Inc. Apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography
US4863538A (en) 1986-10-17 1989-09-05 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Method and apparatus for producing parts by selective sintering
WO1992008592A1 (fr) 1990-11-09 1992-05-29 Dtm Corporation Flux de gaz regule pour frittage selectif au laser
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10994335B2 (en) 2014-03-18 2021-05-04 Renishaw Plc Selective solidification apparatus and methods
WO2019185274A1 (fr) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-03 Arcam Ab Procédé et dispositif pour distribuer un matériau pulvérulent
CN111918738A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2020-11-10 阿尔卡姆公司 粉末材料的分配方法及装置
JP2021517208A (ja) * 2018-03-29 2021-07-15 ア−カム アーベー 粉末材料を分配する方法および装置
US11400519B2 (en) 2018-03-29 2022-08-02 Arcam Ab Method and device for distributing powder material
US11724316B2 (en) 2018-03-29 2023-08-15 Arcam Ab Method and device for distributing powder material
US11247396B2 (en) * 2019-05-28 2022-02-15 Vulcanforms Inc. Recoater system for additive manufacturing
US11760014B2 (en) 2019-05-28 2023-09-19 Vulcanforms Inc. Recoater system for additive manufacturing
US12011880B2 (en) 2019-05-28 2024-06-18 Vulcanforms Inc. Recoater system for additive manufacturing

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