WO2013110940A1 - Dispositif antiviral - Google Patents

Dispositif antiviral Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013110940A1
WO2013110940A1 PCT/GB2013/050154 GB2013050154W WO2013110940A1 WO 2013110940 A1 WO2013110940 A1 WO 2013110940A1 GB 2013050154 W GB2013050154 W GB 2013050154W WO 2013110940 A1 WO2013110940 A1 WO 2013110940A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbon
antiviral
antiviral device
conjugated
monosaccharide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2013/050154
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Paul Hope
Robert SARDZIK
Original Assignee
Thermotech Fabrics Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thermotech Fabrics Limited filed Critical Thermotech Fabrics Limited
Priority to EP13711095.3A priority Critical patent/EP2852283A1/fr
Publication of WO2013110940A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013110940A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/12—Powders or granules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/02—Blood transfusion apparatus
    • A61M1/0281—Apparatus for treatment of blood or blood constituents prior to transfusion, e.g. washing, filtering or thawing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
    • A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
    • A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
    • A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
    • A61M1/1672—Apparatus for preparing dialysates using membrane filters, e.g. for sterilising the dialysate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
    • A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/10—Respiratory apparatus with filter elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3627—Degassing devices; Buffer reservoirs; Drip chambers; Blood filters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antiviral device, a method of making the antiviral device, and uses of the antiviral device.
  • activated carbon to capture and neutralise viruses. See for example US 2005/0183727.
  • 9 carbon monosaccharides having carboxylic acid substituents on the ring, such as sialic acid and its derivatives, to capture and neutralise viruses is also known, see for example US 2010/0330140.
  • sialic acid and its derivatives are expensive and cannot readily be attached to activated carbon, and therefore the effect of combining activated carbon and compounds such as sialic acid together has not been researched. It would therefore be desirable to explore ways to attach sialic acid and its derivatives to activated carbon, and also to alternative carbon substrates, and to explore the effect of such a combination of features on the neutralisation of viruses.
  • the present invention provides an antiviral device comprising carbon and a conjugated 9 carbon monosaccharide having a carboxylic acid substituent on the ring.
  • the present invention further provides a substance able to bind conjugated 9 carbon monosaccharide having a carboxylic acid substituent on the ring.
  • the present invention yet further provides methods of making an antiviral device, the methods comprising the step of:
  • the present invention also provides uses of an antiviral device: as a filter; in a facemask; in an air conditioning unit; in a blood filtration device; and in household, commercial or medical items suitable as any of furnishings, surface coverings or body coverings.
  • the antiviral device of the present invention comprises carbon.
  • Suitable forms of carbon include activated carbon, which is a form of charcoal (carbon) processed to have a very high porosity and so a very large surface area, and can include for example activated carbon cloth.
  • Alternative forms of carbon include meso porous carbon and synthetic carbons such as nanotubes and fullerenes.
  • Activated carbon is preferable for use in this invention, and more preferably activated carbon cloth is used.
  • Activated carbon is widely used to adsorb organic or inorganic molecules from gases or liquids. It can be manufactured in many different forms like powered, p-anular or bead activated carbon.
  • Activated carbon cloth is a special form of activated charcoal, originally developed by the British Ministry of Defense for use in chemical warfare suits.
  • the carbon (be it activated carbon (cloth) or otherwise) is impregnated with silver nanoparticles which help to deactivate viruses.
  • the antiviral device of the present invention also comprises a conjugated 9 carbon monosaccharide having a carboxylic acid substituent on the ring.
  • this monosaccharide is sialic acid, and more preferably it is conjugated with an oligosaccharide to enable easy attachment of the monosaccharide to the carbon.
  • Sialic acid is a generic term used for a family of 9-carbon monosaccarides structurally deduced from neuraminic acid. Currently more than 50 different sialic acids have been found in nature with a variety of structures. They are widely found in higher animals and to a lesser extent in other species ranging from plants and fungi to yeasts and bacteria.
  • sialic acids are mainly derived from Neu5Ac (N-Acetyl neuraminic acid) and usually occur as terminal units on cell-surface conjugates. Due to the occurrence as terminal molecules on cell-surfaces, sialic acids take part in a variety of complex and important physiological and pathological events including cellular and molecular recognition processes.
  • Sialic acid plays an important role in viral infections such as human influenza infections. All influenza viruses contain hemagglutinin (HA), a protein that binds sialic acid found on the suiface of the cell that is being infected and so is responsible for entry of the virus into the cells usually in the upper respiratory tract. Free sialic acids are only very weak ligands for viral hemagglutinin. Generally, sialic acid is recognised when conjugated to an oligosaccharide with usually terminal galaclose in either 3- or 6-position, depending on the HA antigen. Thus 3- or 6- terminal galaclose is preferred as the oligosaccharide conjugated to 9 carbon monosaccharide.
  • HA hemagglutinin
  • avian influenza HAs bind alpha 2,3- bound sialic acid
  • human influenza viruses bind alpha 2,6-sialic acid receptors and therefore from selectivity point of view
  • the ligand attached to carbon should display differently bound sialic acid in order to increase its efficiency towards flu viruses.
  • viruses such as BK virus, adenovirus type 37, malaria, herpes simplex, HIV, cholera, Sindbis, tumors, hepatitis, coxsackievirus A24 variant, rotavirus strains, and new and old world arenavirus (including ebola and rabies). Therefore the present invention is also envisaged for use with these viruses, and others like them.
  • Fetuin from for example foetal bovine serum or bovine milk is a heavily glycosylated protein which contains up to 8.7% sialic acid on its surface and has been found to bind influenza and other viruses. Its oligosaccharides contain both 2,3- as well as 2,6- bound NeuSAc. Therefore fetuin is a preferred source of sialic acid. It can be bought directly from chemical suppliers such as Sigma Aldrich or can be extracted from bovine serum or milk using chromatography.
  • the antiviral device comprises a substance able to bind a conjugated 9 carbon monosaccharide having a carboxylic acid substituent on the ring.
  • the substance can be asialofetuin, and the monosaccharide can be sialic acid.
  • Asialofetuin is the desialylated form of fetuin and binds equally well to an activated carbon substracture, and binding is not dependent on the presence of sialic acid residues.
  • asialofetuin in a filter would bind a pathogen having sialic acid on its surface via the sialic acid in the pathogen.
  • Asialofetuin would also be useful in binding to the sialic acid in inflammatory IgG antibodies specific for self-antigens (autoantibodies) which significantly participate in chronic inflarnmatory processes that lead to the destruction of healthy tissues.
  • Asialofetuin can also be found in for example foetal bovine serum and bovine milk. Again it can be bought from a chemical supplier or extracted using chromatography.
  • the antiviral device of the present invention can be used to trap and neutralise viruses present in airflow or in blood.
  • Specific embodiments include use of the antiviral device as a filter, for example a filter in an article such as a facemask, an air conditioning unit, or a blood filtration device (such as a hemofilter).
  • a facemask isspecifically envisaged.
  • a hemofilter When used as a hemofilter it can be used as part of a dialysis apparatus, or as an external filter through which the heart itself pumps blood.
  • CVYR continuous venovenous hemofiitration
  • a CVYR hemofilter can therefore be used to clear viruses from the blood which would have a beneficial effect on the patient by restricting the transmission of the virus to other sites in the body, and would be of use in combating the high death rate associated with pandemic influenza.
  • Percutaneous cannulation of an artery and a vein, or vein to vein is adequate for access to the circulatory system.
  • the ease of establishing access and the lack of need for special equipment allows rapid institution of this treatment.
  • a new strain of virus acting on an uneducated immune system allows the virus to replicate without an immune response.
  • the immune system could take a number of days before it recognizes the invading virus and responds.
  • the proposed hemofilter is used before the immune response then it reduces the viral load whilst the immune system is inactive thereby giving the immune system time to recognize the invading virus and reduce the resulting cytokine response.
  • a dual hemofilter is used with a membrane to filter the cytokines and also reduce viruses in the blood.
  • trans placental acquired antibodies to infectious agents can cause neuromental disorders in the later life of a child who acquires such antibodies.
  • Such neuromental disorders include obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and schizophrenia (SZ).
  • OCD obsessive compulsive disorder
  • ASD autism spectrum disorder
  • SZ schizophrenia
  • MIA maternal immune activation
  • (v) 111 effects on the developing nervous system, causing a proportion of certain neuro-mental disorders, that may not be manifest for years or decades.
  • the herein-described filtration system can reduce the infectious agents and antibodies in the bloodstream prior to their trans placental transmission to a foetus.
  • the asialofetuin attached to the carbon granules in the filter captures the antibodies via the antibodies' sialic acid molecules.
  • the antiviral device When used in air conditioning units, it can for example be used in veliicles such as cars or aircraft (for example in the form of granules or powder to be placed in pipes of the air conditioning unit). HEP A filters are currently used in aircraft, however these can still transmit viruses when they become wet. Additionally, the antiviral device could be used to make commercial/household/medical items suitable for use as fuiiiishings (such as curtains), surface coverings (such as tablecloths), or body coverings (such as gloves), to absorb viruses in the home, commercial or medical environment, or even to make cloths for the wiping of potentially viras-infected surfaces.
  • veliicles such as cars or aircraft
  • HEP A filters are currently used in aircraft, however these can still transmit viruses when they become wet.
  • the antiviral device could be used to make commercial/household/medical items suitable for use as fuiiiishings (such as curtains), surface coverings (such as tablecloths), or body coverings (such as
  • Carbon for use in the present invention can be acquired commercially.
  • Mesoporous carbon, carbon nanotubes and fullerenes are all commercially available, and activated carbon, in the form of cloth or otherwise, can also be acquired commercially either ready impregnated with silver nanoparticles or without silver impregnation. It is also possible to impregnate unimpregnated activated carbon cloth, e.g. by introducting nano silver into a fibre manufactured from modified cellulose, then knitting or weaving a textile, and then carbonising it at e.g. around 350°C.
  • Devices according to the present invention can be made by exposing carbon to a conjugated monosaccharide having a carboxylic acid substituent on the ring, e.g. sialic acid as present in Fetuin. This can be achieved by dipping the carbon into aqueous Fetuin solution, e.g. for at least 20 minutes, or by filtering Fetuin solution through carbon, or by spraying aqueous Fetuin onto carbon.
  • Fetuin adsorption onto carbon can generally be improved by using a detergent (e.g.
  • cationic detergents preferably hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide or sodium dodecyl sulphate
  • PBS phosphate buffered saline
  • Heating Fetuin solution e.g. to around 100°C also seems to affect adsorption of Fetuin onto carbon as Fetuin initially adsorbs onto the cloth faster, but is then denatured. Denatured Fetuin actually appears to adsorb better than regular Fetuin, however, and therefore the end result is that more Fetuin is adsorbed.
  • Fetuin is adsorbed onto carbon in an amount of about 0.1 -lmg of sialic acid per gram of carbon end product.
  • Figure 1 A simple hemofilter CVVH system for viral removal.
  • Figure 2 A first enhanced hemofilter with pump for dual virus and cytokine removal.
  • Figure 3 A second enhanced hemofilter with pump for dual virus and cytokine removal.
  • FIGs 1, 2 and 3 show hemofilters according to the invention being used to filter viruses from a patient's blood.
  • blood flows out of the patient (1) via a line out (2) through a hemofilter (3) and then back to the patient (1) via a line in (4).
  • the hemofilter (3) is a granulated activated carbon with attached fetuin
  • the hemofilter is enhanced by comprising a cytokine chamber (5) (with a tube for cytokine removal (17)) and a membrane filter (6) as well as the chamber comprising activated carbon granules with fetuin (7).
  • Figure 3 is broadly similar to Figure 2 save that it shows a nanofilter (16) (ie a carbon nanotube filter) instead of a membrane filter, such that the cytokines are collected before the nanofilter rather than through a membrane filter.
  • Figures 2 and 3 both additionally show an access pressure (8), a blood pump (9), an anticoagulant (10), a filter pressure (11), a return pressure (12), an air detector (13), a return clamp (14) and an infusion (15).
  • Example 1 Aerosolised flu virus particles passing through an device according to the invention.
  • Influenza virus strain A/England/ 195/2009 (H1N1) was loaded into a nebuliser in a PBS buffer at an amount of 500 ⁇ 1 of 1.275x10 pfu/ml. A flow rate of 2.5 1/min was selected and programmed to run for 10 mins. The airflow passes through a filter comprising either a device according to the invention or a reference device, of diameter 20mm, and then into an air sampler filled with PBS buffer to collect the filtered phase for viral analysis. Results:
  • Zorflex VB carbon cloth alone has approximately 90% virus retention, but Fetuin treated Zorflex VB carbon cloth according to the invention has over 99% virus retention in the 2.5mg sample, and 100% vims retention in the 0.6mg sample.
  • Prior art systems only exhibit virus retention of 99% when multiple layers of cloth are used, whereas the above example uses only one layer of cloth.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés de préparation d'un dispositif antiviral, les procédés comprenant l'étape consistant : (i) à exposer un carbone à un monosaccharide conjugué qui contient un substituant acide carboxylique sur son cycle; ou (ii) à exposer un carbone à une substance pouvant se lier à un monosaccharide conjugué de 9 atomes de carbone comprenant un substituant carboxylique sur son cycle.
PCT/GB2013/050154 2012-01-26 2013-01-24 Dispositif antiviral WO2013110940A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13711095.3A EP2852283A1 (fr) 2012-01-26 2013-01-24 Dispositif antiviral

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1201411.4 2012-01-26
GBGB1201411.4A GB201201411D0 (en) 2012-01-26 2012-01-26 Antiviral article
GBGB1202148.1A GB201202148D0 (en) 2012-01-26 2012-02-08 Antiviral device
GB1202148.1 2012-02-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013110940A1 true WO2013110940A1 (fr) 2013-08-01

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ID=45876192

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2013/050154 WO2013110940A1 (fr) 2012-01-26 2013-01-24 Dispositif antiviral

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2852283A1 (fr)
GB (2) GB201201411D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013110940A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015008062A1 (fr) * 2013-07-16 2015-01-22 Thermotech Fabrics Limited Dispositif anti-pathogènes

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4918177A (en) * 1986-12-29 1990-04-17 Mect Corporation Sialic acid derivatives having active carbonyl group
EP0781600A2 (fr) * 1995-12-28 1997-07-02 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Filtre pour virus
JP2005008584A (ja) * 2003-06-20 2005-01-13 Yakult Honsha Co Ltd シアル酸含有オリゴ糖の製造方法
US20050183727A1 (en) 2004-02-23 2005-08-25 Chou Su J. Mask having anti-virus and anti-germ effect
US20100330140A1 (en) 2007-06-26 2010-12-30 Filligent Limited Devices and methods for decreasing human pathogen transmission
WO2011026515A1 (fr) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-10 John Ribchester Masque de visage
US20110114095A1 (en) * 2009-11-17 2011-05-19 Calgon Carbon Corporation Antiviral metal impregnated activated carbon cloth components

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4918177A (en) * 1986-12-29 1990-04-17 Mect Corporation Sialic acid derivatives having active carbonyl group
EP0781600A2 (fr) * 1995-12-28 1997-07-02 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Filtre pour virus
JP2005008584A (ja) * 2003-06-20 2005-01-13 Yakult Honsha Co Ltd シアル酸含有オリゴ糖の製造方法
US20050183727A1 (en) 2004-02-23 2005-08-25 Chou Su J. Mask having anti-virus and anti-germ effect
US20100330140A1 (en) 2007-06-26 2010-12-30 Filligent Limited Devices and methods for decreasing human pathogen transmission
WO2011026515A1 (fr) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-10 John Ribchester Masque de visage
US20110114095A1 (en) * 2009-11-17 2011-05-19 Calgon Carbon Corporation Antiviral metal impregnated activated carbon cloth components

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015008062A1 (fr) * 2013-07-16 2015-01-22 Thermotech Fabrics Limited Dispositif anti-pathogènes
US10238109B2 (en) 2013-07-16 2019-03-26 Virustatic Ltd. Anti-pathogen device
USRE49959E1 (en) 2013-07-16 2024-05-07 Virustatic Ltd. Anti-pathogen device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201201411D0 (en) 2012-03-14
EP2852283A1 (fr) 2015-04-01
GB201202148D0 (en) 2012-03-21

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