WO2013107881A1

WO2013107881A1 - Method and apparatus for separating evaporatable components from a fluid

Info

Publication number: WO2013107881A1
Application number: PCT/EP2013/050970
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wolfgang Spiess
Original assignee: Ecotecfuel Llc
Priority date: 2012-01-20
Filing date: 2013-01-18
Publication date: 2013-07-25
Also published as: EP2804931A1; US20150014219A1; CA2861931A1; DE102012000985A1

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for separating evaporatable components from a heated fluid (2) are described. The heated fluid (2) is subdivided into two partial fluid streams (2t) of equal size, and the partial fluid streams (2t) are introduced in such a way at an angle of incidence (α) different from zero preferably relative to the horizontal reference plane that the partial fluid streams (2t) collide in such a way as to form a fluid bubble (2b).

Description

Process and apparatus for separating vaporized components from a fluid

The invention relates to a method and a device for separating evaporable components from a fluid.

DE 10 2005 056 735 B3 discloses a process for producing diesel oil from hydrocarbon-containing residues in a mixed substance cycle with solids separation and product distillation for the diesel product. The substance mixture is an oil, residue and

Catalyst mixture. The residues used contain long-chain

Hydrocarbons, which are split by means of the catalyst in suitable short-chain hydrocarbons as diesel components. To the

Evaporation of the diesel components from the circulated in a circuit and heated to 280 to 320 ° C liquid mixture, a separator is provided, in which the mixture is sprayed by means of Venturi nozzles to produce a large evaporation surface. The mixture of substances passes with the wall of the separator in contact and there emits heat energy, which must be subsequently supplied to the mixture again.

The object of the present invention is to specify an improved method and a device which reduces the discharge of heat energy from the heated substance mixture.

The object is evaporable with a method for separation

Dissolved components from a heated fluid, wherein it is provided that the heated fluid is divided into two equal-sized fluid substreams, and that the fluid substreams are introduced at a non-zero angle of attack, preferably the horizontal reference plane so that the fluid Make partial flows in such a way that a fluid bubble is formed.

The object is further achieved with a device for separating evaporable components from a heated, comprising a separator and an atomizer arranged in the separator, wherein it is provided that the atomizer is formed as a symmetrical pipe / nozzle device, the same in two divides large fluid sub-streams, and that the atomizer under a non-zero

Anstellwinkel opposite a preferably horizontal reference plane inclined nozzle having spaced from each other

are arranged opposite one another.

The proposed method and the proposed device have the advantage that the fluid produced by the fluid on the one hand in a

Space is concentrated and on the other hand, the fluid into fine droplets is split, so that a large evaporation surface is generated. The droplets emerging from the fluid bubble due to gravity form a fine mist curtain which descends slower than a compact liquid stream, increasing the time available for evaporation of volatiles.

Because the fluid bubble is not in contact with walls, there is no unwanted heat transfer from the fluid to the walls. It can be provided that the fluid bubble is formed in a separator so that it is not in contact with a wall of the separator.

In an advantageous embodiment can be provided that the fluid streams are inclined at an equal angle of + 30 ° to + 60 ° or from -30 ° to -60 ° with respect to the horizontal reference plane.

Preferably, it can be provided that the fluid partial flows are passed through nozzles with a slot-shaped outlet.

Preferably, it can be provided that the slot-shaped outlet is arranged horizontally.

It can further be provided that the slot-shaped outlets at such a distance and with such an angle of attack each other

be arranged opposite, that a fluid bubble is formed with a flachelliptischen cross-section. The distance may preferably be determined by experiment. But it can also be provided make the distance adjustable, so that a setting during operation is possible.

The nozzles may be inclined at a preferably same angle of attack of + 30 ° to + 60 ° or from -30 ° to -60 ° with respect to the preferably horizontal reference plane.

Further subclaims are directed to the device. As described above, the nozzles may have a slot-shaped outlet.

The slot-shaped outlet can be arranged horizontally. The slit-shaped outlets may be arranged opposite one another at such a distance and with such an angle of attack that a fluid bubble having a flat elliptical cross-section is formed.

A device designed in this way for the separation of evaporable components from a heated fluid can be designed by appropriate experiments so that the separation process proceeds optimally. To increase the range of usable wastes, the device can be modified to be adaptable over a wide range. Into the supply lines to the nozzles or in the nozzles themselves can

Throttling devices may be provided to adjust the fluid sub-streams so that both fluid sub-streams are equal. With that you can

Manufacturing tolerances and / or occurring during operation Cross-sectional constrictions due to material deposits on the inner walls are compensated.

It can be provided Einsteileinrichtungen to the distance between the opposing slot-shaped outlets and / or the

Adjusting the angle of attack during operation so that a fluid bubble is formed with a predetermined cross-section.

Furthermore, sensors may be provided to detect the geometry of the fluid bladder during operation, and a control device may be provided to control the above-described adjustment means so that the actual geometry of the fluid bladder corresponds to a desired geometry. The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments. Show it

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a device according to the invention for

Separation of evaporable components from a heated fluid in a schematic side view; 2 shows the device in Figure 1 in a schematic plan view.

3 shows an enlarged detail III in Fig. 1 in a schematic

perspective view;

4 shows a block diagram of a KDV plant for the production of diesel oil from hydrocarbon-containing residues.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of a device according to the invention for the separation of evaporable components from a heated Fluid 2. The device has a designed as a symmetrical tube / nozzle device atomizer 1 for forming a fluid bladder 2b with a large surface, which is arranged in a separator 21. The fluid 2 is an oil, residue and catalyst mixture having a temperature in the range of 280 to 320 ° C. The fluid 2 contains, as described below, evaporable short-chain hydrocarbons, which are separated in the separator 21 and form diesel oil after condensing.

The atomizing device 1 has a T-shaped input section 1 e, in which a fluid flow 2 supplied to the atomizing device 1 is split into two equal-sized fluid partial flows 2t, which are provided by means of two V-shaped pipelines 1 r having nozzles 1 d at their end sections to be aimed at each other. The nozzles 1 d are directed at an angle α to the horizontal obliquely upward. The nozzles 1 d have slot-shaped outlets 1 a, from which the partial fluid flow 2 t emerges. The slot-shaped outlets 1 a are in the position of use of

Atomizer 1 arranged horizontally and have because of the angle of attack α of the nozzle 1 d diagonally upwards. However, it can also be provided that the nozzles point obliquely downwards under the angle of attack α. The same angle α for both nozzles 1 d is preferably in the range of + 30 ° to + 60 ° or from -30 ° to -60 °.

The distance between the two mutually facing outlets 1 a is determined experimentally so that a flat fluid bubble 2b is formed with a flachelliptischen cross section, which is the inner wall of the

Separator 21 not touched.

Besides the advantage that the fluid bubble 2b has a large surface, which promotes the vaporization of the diesel oil components contained in the fluid, a strong turbulence of the fluid occurs, which increases the efficiency of the catalyst. The separator 21 is formed in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to 4 as an upwardly widening hollow cone-shaped container whose bottom and cover plate through holes to a on the

Separator 21 arranged distillation column 22 and to a arranged under the separator 21 central container has (see Fig. 4).

Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of a KDV system 3 for catalytic

pressureless VERÖlung with a device according to the invention for the separation of evaporable components from a heated fluid. In the KDV plant 3, at a process temperature of 280 to 320 ° C longer-chained

Hydrocarbons under the action of a catalyst in short-chain

Hydrocarbons, such as those contained in diesel oil, split. For this purpose, a liquid mixture 29 which is liquid at the process temperature and which is an oil, residue and catalyst mixture is circulated through the liquid ring pump 10. The residual substances mainly contain the longer-chain hydrocarbons that are treated in the KDV plant 3 to diesel oil 24. It may be inorganic residues such as waste oil and plastics or the like, or organic matter such as sawdust, wood chips or

like.

The mixed in the liquid ring pump 10 and mixed with a foam phase mixture 29 is a pressure port 14 of the

Liquid ring pump 10 and an intermediate pipe by means of Atomizer 1 registered in the separator 21. As described above, the short-chain hydrocarbons evaporate as diesel oil vapor 24d. The diesel oil vapor 24d flows into the distillation column 22, which is disposed above the separator 21, and then enters a condenser 23 arranged downstream of the distillation column 22. In the condenser 23, the condensate precipitates in the form of diesel oil 24, which is collected in a product tank 25 becomes. The product tank 25 can be vented by means of a vacuum pump 26, wherein over the diesel oil 24 accumulated exhaust gas 27 is supplied to a part of a gas nozzle 15 of the liquid ring pump 10. To start the process, instead of the exhaust gas, an inert gas from a

Gas cylinder fed, such as nitrogen.

Under the separator 21, the central container 28 is arranged in the

evaporated mixture 29r flows. The central container 28 may have an entry port 28e, via which hydrocarbon-containing residue 30 can be introduced from a residue reservoir 31 into the substance mixture 29r. The residue 30 is dissolved in the spilled substance mixture 29 r and distributed homogeneously on the way through the central container 28. However, residue 30 can also be fed downstream downstream of the central container 28 into the substance mixture cycle. Enriched substance mixture 29a leaving the central container 28 is fed to a suction connection 13 of the liquid ring pump 10, whereby the substance mixture cycle is closed. At the bottom of the central container 28 sediment particles 32 separated from the substance mixture 29a can be taken, which optionally can be used as fuel or disposed of. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 atomizing device

1 a outlet

1d nozzle

1 e input section

1 r pipe

2 fluid flow

2b fluid bubble

2t fluid partial flow

3 KDV system

10 liquid ring pump

13 suction nozzles

14 pressure sockets

15 gas nozzles

21 separator

22 distillation column

23 capacitor

24 diesel oil

24d diesel oil vapor

25 product tank

26 vacuum pump

27 exhaust

28 central containers

28e entry-neck a enriched substance mixture evaporated substance mixture residue

Residual storage tank Sediment particles

Claims

Expectations

Method for separating evaporable components from a heated fluid (2),

whereby it is provided

that the heated fluid

(2) is divided into two equally large fluid partial streams (2t), and

in that the fluid partial flows (2t) are introduced at a non-zero angle of attack (a) relative to a preferably horizontal reference plane in such a way that the fluid partial flows (2t) meet one another in such a way that a fluid bubble (2b) is formed

Method according to claim 1,

characterized,

that the fluid partial flows (2t) are inclined at an equal angle of attack (a) of +30° to +60° or from -30° to -60° relative to the horizontal reference plane.

3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in

that the fluid partial flows (2t) through nozzles (1d) with a

slot-shaped outlet (1a).

4. Method according to claim 3,

characterized,

that the slot-shaped outlet (1a) is arranged horizontally.

Method according to claim 3 or 4,

characterized,

that the slot-shaped outlets (1a) face each other at such a distance and with such an angle of attack

be arranged so that a fluid bubble (2b) with a

flat elliptical cross section is formed.

Method according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the separation in a flow space

Separator device takes place,

characterized,

that the fluid bubble (2b) is formed in a separator (21) in such a way that it is not in contact with a wall of the separator (21).

Device for separating evaporable components from a heated fluid (2), comprising a separator (21) and an atomizer device (1) arranged in the separator (21),

characterized,

that the atomizer device (1) is designed as a symmetrical tube/ Nozzle device is formed, which divides the fluid (2) into two equally large fluid partial streams (2t), and

in that the atomizer device (1) has nozzles (1d) which are inclined relative to the horizontal at an angle of attack (a) other than zero and which are arranged opposite one another at a distance from one another.

Device according to claim 7,

characterized,

that the nozzles (1d) are inclined at an equal angle of attack (a) of +30° to +60° or from -30° to -60° relative to the horizontal.

Device according to claim 7 or 8,

characterized,

that the nozzles (1d) have a slot-shaped outlet (1a).

Device according to claim 9,

characterized,

that the slot-shaped outlet (1a) is preferably in one

horizontal reference plane is arranged.

Device according to claim 9 or 10,

characterized,

that the slot-shaped outlets (1a) are arranged opposite one another at such a distance and with such an angle of attack that a fluid bubble (2b) with a flat-elliptical cross section is formed.