WO2013106004A1 - Chambre de pyrolyse à plasma multi-anneaux - Google Patents

Chambre de pyrolyse à plasma multi-anneaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013106004A1
WO2013106004A1 PCT/US2012/025524 US2012025524W WO2013106004A1 WO 2013106004 A1 WO2013106004 A1 WO 2013106004A1 US 2012025524 W US2012025524 W US 2012025524W WO 2013106004 A1 WO2013106004 A1 WO 2013106004A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
annular ring
zone
apertures
chamber
plasma
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2012/025524
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alexander P. Rutberg
Philipp G. RUTBERG
Alexander N. Bratsev
Viktor Y. POPOV
Original Assignee
Oaks Plasma Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oaks Plasma Llc filed Critical Oaks Plasma Llc
Publication of WO2013106004A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013106004A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/40—Movable grates
    • C10J3/42—Rotary grates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/123—Heating the gasifier by electromagnetic waves, e.g. microwaves
    • C10J2300/1238—Heating the gasifier by electromagnetic waves, e.g. microwaves by plasma
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Definitions

  • the current invention is drawn to the field of Pyrolysis chambers and processes. More specifically, the invention relates to a top-loading Pyrolysis chamber for organic fuel such as wood chips, the chamber having a plurality of air plasma torches for pre-heating, steam plasma torches coupled to an enclosed annular ring distributor for uniform steam plasma application during oxidation and reduction, air plasma torches coupled to an enclosed half annular ring distributor for introduction of air plasma into outlet zone for removing ash and slag and a half annular ring collector for collection and
  • Pyrolysis is commonly defined as the thermal decomposition of an organic fuel in an environment of less-than-stoichiometric oxygen, and devices utilizing this process are known as partial oxidation reactors.
  • Devices utilizing organic combustion include coal-based gasification projects, which use direct and incomplete combustion of feed material to generate the necessary reaction heat.
  • One class of prior art device heats the organic feed material only to the point of leaving a carbon-ash composite solid (known as char) as a reactor product/waste .
  • Another class of prior art device utilizes this residual char material as an external combustion fuel to generate the required process reaction heat. In one such device, the char is burned outside the pyrolysis reactor to generate the required heat, and the resulting hot char recycled to heat the incoming feed fuel.
  • Another prior art device uses pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air to increase the temperature in the reactor, since
  • Oxygen-enrichment can also be used to reduce the formation of undesired NOx gasses from atmospheric 2 (nitrogen) present in the chamber .
  • he combustion of organic material such as wood chips generates ash as a waste product. As the reaction temperature increases to 1100-1500 °C, for certain compositions, the ash will melt into a viscous material known as slag. Additionally, metals which may be present in the ash will also melt into the slag when the respective metal melting point temperature is reached, which starts for many metals at temperatures above 1500 °C .
  • an efficiently-operated conventional incinerator produces a solid residue of 10% or more of the volume of refuse burned.
  • gasification operates in the range of 800-900°C and yields 70-140 m 3 per ton, recovering no more than 8-12% of potential heat contained in the fuel.
  • the pryrolysis apparatus and method operates at maximum efficiency for fuel generation and waste volume reduction at increased temperatures, and as described above, these elevated temperatures may be reached using oxygen enhanced combustion air, but the use of oxygen represents an additional operational expense. It is therefore desired to provide an improved pyrolysis chamber with increased internal operating temperature and resultant efficiency without the use of oxygen enriched air.
  • a first object of the invention is a
  • Pyrolysis chamber having a top-loading hopper where fuel is introduced and gravity fed into to a pre-heating zone which includes a plurality of air plasma torches directly coupling an air plasma into the chamber thereby pre ⁇ heating the fuel, after which the pre-heated fuel is gravity fed into an oxidation and reduction zone where a plurality of steam plasma torches couple high temperature steam plasma into an annular ring distributor having many apertures which uniformly couple the steam plasma into the pre-heated fuel of the oxidation and reduction zone, where the oxidizing fuel is spent and releases
  • combustible gasses particularly 3 ⁇ 4 and CO
  • these combustible gasses are separated from the spent fuel in a gas outlet zone having a half annular ring collector with many apertures for collection and offload of the
  • the half annular ring collector Opposite the half annular ring collector is a half annular ring distributor which is fed by an air plasma torch coupling an air plasma into the gas outlet zone of the enclosure. Below the gas outlet zone is a solids offloading zone having a rotating grate with apertures for collecting the waste solids and transferring them into a water trough which also provides a water seal for the pyrolysis chamber. The water trough may also provide means for the removal and disposition of ash and slag waste.
  • a second object of the invention is a process for pyrolysis in a chamber, the process having: a first step of loading fuel into a pre-heating zone, the pre-heating zone heated by a plurality of air plasma torches coupling an air plasma into the chamber and thereby forming pre-heated fuel; a second step of exposing the pre-heated fuel to an oxidation and reduction zone where a steam plasma torch generates a steam plasma which is delivered to an annular ring distributor with apertures coupled to the chamber, the annular ring distributor and apertures surrounding the pre-heated fuel and coupling the steam plasma to the pre-heated fuel, thereby releasing combustible gasses and solid waste products of ash and slag; a third step of introducing an air plasma from an air plasma torch into the oxidized and reduced fuel (char and ash) , where the air plasma is delivered to a half annular ring distributor with apertures coupled to the chamber, the half annular ring distributor and apertures delivering air plasma to the
  • a Pyrolysis chamber has, in succession, a fuel loading zone, a fuel pre-heating zone, a steam plasma oxidizing and reduction zone, a gas outlet zone including a combustible gas outlet, and a solids
  • the fuel preheating zone has a plurality of air plasma torches which couple a 1200-1500°C air plasma into the chamber and heat the fuel to a pre-heat temperature of approximately 1200- 1500°C, after which the pre-heated fuel is exposed to a steam plasma of approximately 1500°C which is generated by a plurality of steam plasma torches which first couple the steam plasma into an annular ring distributor within the walls of the chamber, the annular ring distributor containing a plurality of apertures into an oxidation and reduction zone of the chamber, whereby the steam plasma and pre-heated fuel oxidize and reduce to generate combustible gasses and waste solids.
  • the combustible gasses and solid waste are thereafter directed towards a gas outlet zone which is formed by the half annular ring distributor and the half annular ring collector.
  • the half annular ring distributor is pressurized by a plurality of air plasma torches coupling an air plasma into the half annular ring distributor within the chamber walls, the half annular ring distributor having a plurality of apertures conducting the air plasma into the gas outlet zone.
  • the half annular ring collector contains a
  • a solids offloading zone with a rotating grate for removal of slag and ash, the rotating grate having apertures for solids removal and in contact with a water trough for aggregation of solids and slag removal.
  • a process for pyrolysis in a chamber has a first step of loading fuel into a pre-heating zone, the pre-heating zone heated by a plurality of air plasma torches coupling air plasma into the chamber and thereby forming pre ⁇ heated fuel; a second step of exposing pre-heated fuel to a steam plasma generated by a steam plasma torch coupling the steam plasma into an annular ring distributor in the chamber and surrounding the pre-heated fuel, coupling the steam plasma in the annular ring distributor to the pre- heated fuel using a plurality of apertures, thereby oxidizing and reducing the pre-heated fuel and generating combustible gasses and waste products of ash and slag; a third step of gasification of the ash residual carbon by injecting an air plasma into the oxidized and reduced fuel with a half annular ring distributor having a plurality of apertures directing the air plasma into the outlet zone; a fourth step of removing the combustible gasses
  • Figure 2 shows the cross section view through section A-A of figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows the cross section view through section B-B of figure 1.
  • Figure 4 shows a cross section view of the walls of a pyrolysis chamber.
  • the present invention describes an apparatus and method for pyrolytic waste recovery which can extract energy in the form of combustible gases from a wide variety of heterogeneous organic materials including municipal refuse, biomass, agriculture wastes, wood and forest product processing wastes, hazardous wastes, petroleum coke, coal or oil shale, individually or as mixtures.
  • the resultant combustible gas is suitable use as a fuel for electric power generation, for conversion to synthetic hydrocarbons, hydrogen, or other valuable chemicals.
  • the combustible gas includes 3 ⁇ 4 and CO and a steam plasma is injected in the oxidation and reduction zone which generates these gasses, the steam plasma containing sufficient energy to compensate for the endothermic heat required to generate these combustible gasses.
  • the fuel is wood chips or other biomass fuel. The instant process operates with a volume reduction on the order of 20X of input fuel volume and a weight reduction on the order of 10X in fuel with respect to the waste ash and slag.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plasma pyrolysis chamber 100.
  • Feed fuel 102 is placed above a controllable feed valve 104, which periodically opens and introduces new fuel 102 from a hopper above feed valve 104 through throat 108 and into the pryolysis chamber 109, which has a fuel pre-heating zone 140 heated by air plasma torches 110 and 112, an oxidation and reduction zone 142 where steam plasma is introduced using steam plasma torch 126, and gas outlet zone 143 where air plasma torch 134 introduces air plasma through half annular ring
  • Combustible gas 137 formed in the oxidation and reduction zone 142 and also from the gasification of the char is removed using half annular ring collector 136 in gas outlet zone 143 to outlet port 139, and slag and ash are removed from the pyrolysis chamber in solids offloading zone 144.
  • he preheat zone 140 provides for introduced fuel 122 to be heated to approximately 1200-1500°C through the rapid introduction of air plasma at a
  • the pre-heated fuel 122 is then subjected to a steam plasma which is generated by steam 124 injected into plasma torch 126, and the resultant steam plasma which is at a temperature of approximately 1500 degrees C is then directed through an annular ring distributor 128 formed in chamber 109, then through a plurality of apertures 202 (shown in figure 2) directing the steam plasma downward into the chamber and into the oxidation and reduction zone 142 in region 130 of chamber 109, where the following basic reactions take place:
  • Equation 1 is known as Bouduart reaction
  • equation 2 is known as the water gas shift reaction
  • equation 3 is known as the hydrogen shift equation. Equations 1 and 2 are endothermal, and the use of a steam plasma 128 at 1500°C or more in this stage introduces sufficient external energy to offset the endothermic heat loss during combustible gas (CO and 3 ⁇ 4) generation.
  • the combustible gasses 123 and 125 migrate to the gas outlet zone 143, via the apertures 304 (described later for figure 3) , where they enter into the half annular ring collector 136 directing the combustible gases 137 to an outlet port 139 directed to an energy extraction device such as a gas turbine.
  • Air 132 enters air plasma torch 134 and exiting air plasma is coupled to a half annular ring distributor 135, coupling air plasma into the chamber volume 138 via apertures 302 (shown in figure 3) , the air plasma acting on the oxidized and reduced fuel 127 and the gasified ash residual carbon.
  • combustible gasses CO and 3 ⁇ 4 results in decrease of the nitrogen as a percentage of volume of the gas 137 which exits the outlet port 139.
  • the oxidized and reduced fuel char 138 is thereby reduced to ash, and at temperatures above 1500°C the ash vitrifies into slag, and the ash and slag pass through a rotating grate 150 which is above a water bath 158 in trough 162, which isolates air outside chamber 109 from the inner volume of the pyrolytic chamber 109, and also provides a collection region for ash and slag 154 which passes through the apertures of grate 150, into the trough 162, and eventually is removed by ash and slag conduit 160.
  • Figure 2 shows section A-A of figure 1 including steam plasma annular ring distributor 128, and also shows the steam plasma directed from steam plasma torches 126 through the annular ring distributor 128, through the plurality of apertures 202 into fuel 130 which is oxidizing and reducing to generate combustible gas.
  • Figure 3 shows section B-B of figure 1 through the inlet air plasma half annular ring distributor 135 and also the half annular ring collector 136 accumulating the combustible gas 137, which leads to gas outlet port 139.
  • Figure 4 may be viewed in combination with figures 1, 2, and 3, and shows one embodiment for construction of the walls of chamber 109 of figure 1, including the steam plasma annular ring distributor 128 for region 180, air plasma half annular ring distributor 135 for region 182, and half annular ring collector 136 of region 184 (shown for reference as rotated for the opposite side of region 182) .
  • firebrick 400 may be used to form the structure of the enclosure 109, with refractory brick 404 applied to the combustion-facing surfaces and also inside the air or steam plasma channels feeding the annular ring distributor 128 for figure 1 detail 180, half annular ring distributor 135 shown in figure 1 detail 182, or half annular ring collector 136 shown in figure 1 detail 184.
  • any of the annular rings 128, 135, and 136 may be formed with expansion joints in the refractory brick lining, such that thermal expansion and contraction is absorbed by these joints.
  • the pre-heating torches produce an air plasma which is directly introduced into the chamber through a passageway.
  • a material such as thermostable steel may be used as an exterior surface 402 of the chamber 109.
  • Inner surfaces which are combustion facing or plasma facing may be provided with furnace linings of aluminum oxide, magnesite (magnesium carbonate) , silicon carbide, or dolomite as is known in the prior art to increase the useful life of the underlying surfaces protected by these furnace linings.
  • the incinerator-steam generator systems achieve 15-20% efficiency in the conversion of the potential energy contained in the waste to usable electric energy.
  • lKg of incoming waste generates 14-15MJ of chemical energy at the
  • the vitrified slag waste may be crushed and incorporated into asphalt for use in roads and the like.
  • the vitrified slag may be utilized to replace cinder in cinder or building blocks, thereby minimizing absorption of water within the block.
  • the vitrified slag may be solidified to a final form which exhibits substantial volume reduction over prior art vitrification products. The solidified form is suitable for disposal without health risks or risks to the environment.
  • Pre-heating plasma torches (110,112), steam plasma torch (126) and air plasma torch (134) gasifying the ash residual carbon can be realized using any prior art long arc torch configuration, and operative on 4-12KV with an arc length greater than 0.3m. Although specific numbers of plasma torches are shown for clarity, any number of torches may be used in each respective pre-heat zone (torch 110, 112), oxidation and reduction zone
  • each torch is a long arc forming plasma torch of the type described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,818,174 for a single phase excitation, or as described in U.S. Pat. No 7411,353 by Routberg et al . for polyphase excitation.
  • Long arc column plasma torches have become well known in the art as having the capability of sustaining stabilized plasma arcs on the order of one meter in length.
  • conventional short arc plasma torches generally sustain arcs of less than 0.2 meter and typical non-plasma electric arc devices have no stabilizing character and produce relatively short arcs.
  • the apparatus and method of the invention recognize and utilize features of the long arc torch which makes its stabilized, electrically conducting gas column especially suited for use with gasification of coal as a source of radiant heat and particularly when used in multiple and arranged as described with the "long arc" being at least 0.3 meter in length .
  • One advantage of long plasma arc torches such as those described above is the conversion of electrical energy to heat with an efficiency of approximately 90% as compared with an efficiency of 30-50% for conventional short arc torches.
  • the capability of the long arc torch in combination with the annular ring distribution is that the torches are now placed outside of the furnace wall and away from the intense furnace heat produced during gasification. This advantage reduces the wear on the torch and increases the thermal efficiency of the process. Also, the invention recognizes that the long arc torch requires significantly less current than a conventional torch thereby reducing the cost of electrical conductors and reducing the complexity of the electrical power connections.
  • Chamber 109 including annular ring plasma distributors 128 and 135 and half annular ring collector 136 may be formed using any material which provides resistance to surface degradation from exposure to the high temperature plasma and pyrolysis process. Suitable materials include brick with a refractory brick (fire brick) lining with a typical maximum temperature of
  • a chamber for lOOkg/hr wood waste has an inside dimension of .6m and a preheat zone, oxidation and reduction zone, gas outlet zone, and solids
  • offloading zone with 1.9 m overall vertical extent, with the chamber constructed of heatproof steel with the high temperature areas insulated with aluminum oxide.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une chambre de pyrolyse pour l'extraction de gaz combustibles à partir de déchets de biomasse comme des copeaux de bois qui comprend une chambre alimentée par gravité dans laquelle le combustible passe, successivement, par une zone de préchauffage, une zone d'oxydation et de réduction, une zone de sortie de gaz et une zone de décharge des solides. La zone de préchauffage comprend des torches à plasma qui dirigent un plasma d'air dans la chambre, en préchauffant ainsi le combustible à une température de 1 200-1 500 °C, puis le combustible entre dans la zone d'oxydation et de réduction, dans laquelle il est exposé à un plasma de vapeur de 1 500 °C qui se déplace à travers les torches à plasma vers un distributeur à anneaux annulaire entourant la chambre et comportant des ouvertures dirigeant le plasma de vapeur dans la chambre, en permettant ainsi la production accrue de gaz combustibles de CO et H2. Les gaz combustibles sont retirés dans la zone de sortie du gaz, qui comprend un collecteur à anneaux demi-annulaire.
PCT/US2012/025524 2011-02-17 2012-02-16 Chambre de pyrolyse à plasma multi-anneaux WO2013106004A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/029,298 2011-02-17
US13/029,298 US20120210645A1 (en) 2011-02-17 2011-02-17 Multi-ring Plasma Pyrolysis Chamber

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013106004A1 true WO2013106004A1 (fr) 2013-07-18

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US8747500B2 (en) 2010-11-15 2014-06-10 Adaptivearc, Inc. Plasma assisted gasification system with internal syngas heater
US9074151B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2015-07-07 Adaptivearc, Inc. Plasma assisted gasification system with an indirect vacuum system
US9546760B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2017-01-17 Adaptivearc, Inc. Sealing system for a continuous feed system of a gasifier
US9080768B2 (en) * 2012-11-08 2015-07-14 General Electric Company Gasifier preheater fuel system and methods of assembling same
US8721748B1 (en) * 2013-01-28 2014-05-13 PHG Energy, LLC Device with dilated oxidation zone for gasifying feedstock
US11242494B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2022-02-08 Aries Clean Technologies Llc System and process for continuous production of contaminate free, size specific biochar following gasification
DE102013220501A1 (de) 2013-10-11 2015-04-16 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kohle-Pyrolyse
DE102013221075A1 (de) 2013-10-17 2015-04-23 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Verfahren zur Kohletrocknung und Pyrolyse
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CN105885893A (zh) * 2016-06-02 2016-08-24 华电重工股份有限公司 一种内外热式煤炭干馏装置及其干馏方法
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CN111252762B (zh) * 2020-03-31 2023-08-29 哥乐巴环保科技(上海)有限公司 一种应用等离子技术制备活性炭的生产工艺及其生产系统
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