WO2013097370A1 - 一种区域性防治煤与瓦斯突出的方法 - Google Patents

一种区域性防治煤与瓦斯突出的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013097370A1
WO2013097370A1 PCT/CN2012/073236 CN2012073236W WO2013097370A1 WO 2013097370 A1 WO2013097370 A1 WO 2013097370A1 CN 2012073236 W CN2012073236 W CN 2012073236W WO 2013097370 A1 WO2013097370 A1 WO 2013097370A1
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coal
coal seam
mining area
along
working face
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PCT/CN2012/073236
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English (en)
French (fr)
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林柏泉
杨威
翟成
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中国矿业大学
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Priority to AU2012354005A priority Critical patent/AU2012354005B2/en
Priority to RU2013125335/03A priority patent/RU2554605C9/ru
Publication of WO2013097370A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013097370A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose

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  • the invention relates to a regional method for controlling coal and gas outburst, and is particularly suitable for regional coal and gas outburst prevention with coal and gas outburst dangerous coal seam.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing coal and gas outburst in a region with simple method, good effect of eliminating protrusion and reducing stress concentration on the mining face.
  • the invention relates to a regional method for controlling coal and gas outburst, comprising the following steps:
  • the wind tunnel along the coal seam tends to be arranged along the coal inlet and the return wind tunnel in the mining area, and the tunnel is placed along the coal seam.
  • the roadway and the working face return to the wind tunnel, and dig the tunnel to make the work face along the strike;
  • the windward roadway in the mining area and the return airway in the mining area are arranged along the coal seam, and the tunnel is placed along the coal seam.
  • the roadway and the working face return to the wind tunnel, and the tunnel is drilled to make the work surface follow the trend.
  • the geostress is a stable and unstable field, and there is a large difference in the geostress field over a wide range, while the geostress field is relatively stable in a small range.
  • the fault or the wrinkle shaft is used as the boundary of the mining area, so that the same taking in the same geological unit can make the in-situ stress field within the same mining area relatively stable, and the horizontal maximum geostress field is basically the same.
  • the coal seam roadway is parallel to the maximum ground stress direction along the horizontal direction, which can reduce the stress concentration at the end of the roadway and reduce the overall roadway excavation process. Coal and gas outburst danger.
  • the invention can reduce the risk of coal coal and gas outburst from the perspective of the optimization design of the whole mine and the mining area system, and has wide adaptability and remarkable effect.
  • Figure 1 is a layout view of the working face of the mining area when the angle between the maximum geostress direction in the horizontal direction and the direction of the coal seam is less than 45°;
  • Figure 2 is a layout view of the working face of the mining area when the angle between the maximum geostress direction in the horizontal direction and the strike of the coal seam is greater than 45°;
  • the method for regional control of coal and gas outburst firstly divides the mining area 5 according to the mine fault and fold distribution according to the occurrence condition of the coal seam of the mine, so that the boundary of the mining area 5 is as far as possible the fault or the axis of the fold, when there are multiple
  • select the relatively large faults and folds of the shaft as the boundary of the mining area avoiding faults and folds in the mining area that can seriously change the geostress field, so that the same mining area is in the same geological unit, ensuring the same mining area.
  • the inner horizontal maximum stress is in the same direction.
  • the maximum ground stress direction in the horizontal direction is tested. Since the mining face in the mining area 5 is mainly along the strike or inclined to mining, the main coal seam roadway along which the working face 6 is mined, such as the working face inlet roadway 1 and the working face return airway 2, will also be driven along that direction. When the direction of the maximum geostress along the horizontal direction is different from the axial angle of the roadway, different ground stress concentrations will be generated at the end of the roadway, resulting in different risk of coal and gas outburst.
  • the wind inlet lane 4 of the mining area and the return wind lane 3 of the mining area are arranged. Digging, and then arranging the working face inlet tunnel 1 and the working face return tunnel 2 along the coal seam, and digging, so that the working face 6 is along the strike; when the measured maximum horizontal stress direction along the horizontal direction is greater than the coal seam orientation At 45°, along the coal seam, the wind inlet lane 4 of the mining area and the return wind lane 3 of the mining area shall be arranged, and the tunnel shall be excavated. Then, along the coal seam, the working face inlet wind tunnel 1 and the working surface return air tunnel 2 shall be arranged and tunneled to make the working surface 6 along the tendency to pick.
  • the intake wind inlet 4 and the return wind return 3 are generally rocky roadways, there is no risk of coal and gas outburst; while the working face inlet tunnel 1 and the working face return duct 2 are generally coal seam roadways, by making these coal seams
  • the roadway is more inclined to be parallel to the direction of the maximum geostress in the horizontal direction, so as to reduce the risk of coal and gas outburst during coal roadway excavation and working face mining.

Abstract

一种区域性防治煤与瓦斯突出的方法，通过合理划分采区（5），使得采区（5）内沿水平方向的最大地应力方向基本一致，并通过调整工作面回采方向，使得煤层巷道尽量平行于沿水平方向的最大地应力方向布置掘进，以降低采掘工作面（6）端头地应力集中，降低煤巷掘进和工作面（6）回采过程中的煤与瓦斯突出危险性，从整体上降低矿井煤与瓦斯突出危险性。

Description

一种区域性防治煤与瓦斯突出的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种区域性防治煤与瓦斯突出的方法，尤其适用于具有煤与瓦斯突出危险性煤层区域性防治煤与瓦斯突出。
背景技术
我国对能源需求大，其中煤炭提供了超过70%的能源，大量具有煤与瓦斯突出危险性的煤层必须坚持开采才能满足国民生产需求。煤与瓦斯突出可以造成巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失，为了防治煤与瓦斯突出事故的发生，目前主要有开采保护层和区域预抽两种区域性防突方法，虽然开采保护层效果显著，但是只适用于煤层群条件，此外当保护层和被保护层层间距超过保护范围之后，被保护层卸压不充分，消突效果不理想；由于我国煤层透气性普遍较差，区域预抽效果往往不理想，不能及时有效的消除煤与瓦斯突出危险性。在开采保护层和区域预抽煤层瓦斯不能快速有效消除煤与瓦斯突出危险性时，如何通过其他可行方法来实现突出危险煤层区域防突一直是现场亟待解决的问题。
技术问题
本发明的目的是提供一种方法简单、消突效果好、能降低采掘工作面应力集中的区域性防治煤与瓦斯突出的方法。
 技术解决方案
本发明一种区域性防治煤与瓦斯突出的方法，包括以下步骤：
a、按矿井断层和褶皱分布划分采区，使采区边界尽量为断层或褶皱的轴部；
b、按照常规的地应力测试方法，测试出采区范围内沿水平方向的最大地应力方向；
当所测沿水平方向的最大地应力方向与煤层走向的夹角小于45°时，沿煤层倾向布置采区进风巷和采区回风巷，并掘进，再沿煤层走向布置工作面进风巷道和工作面回风巷道，并掘进，使工作面沿走向回采；
当所测沿水平方向的最大地应力方向与煤层走向的夹角大于45°时，沿煤层走向布置采区进风巷和采区回风巷，并掘进，再沿煤层倾向布置工作面进风巷道和工作面回风巷道，并掘进，使工作面沿倾向回采。
 有益效果
研究表明地应力为稳定的非稳定场，在大范围内地应力场存在较大差异，而在某个较小范围内地应力场相对稳定。本发明通过合理划分采区，将断层或褶皱轴部作为采区边界，使得同一采取处于同一地质单元内，能使在同一采区范围之内地应力场相对稳定，水平最大地应力场方向基本一致。由于煤层工作面回采主要沿走向或倾向，通过优化煤层回采方向，使得煤层巷道平行于沿水平方向的最大地应力方向，可降低巷道端头地应力集中，从整体上降低了巷道掘进过程中的煤与瓦斯突出危险性。本发明从整个矿井和采区系统的优化设计的角度出发，可以从整体上降低煤矿煤与瓦斯突出危险性，适应范围广，效果显著。
 附图说明
图1是沿水平方向的最大地应力方向与煤层走向的夹角小于45°时采区工作面布置图；
图2是沿水平方向的最大地应力方向与煤层走向的夹角大于45°时采区工作面布置图；
图中：1-工作面进风巷道，2-工作面回风巷道，3-采区回风巷，4-采区进风巷，5-采区，6-工作面。
本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图中的实施例对本发明作进一步的描述：
本发明的区域性防治煤与瓦斯突出的方法，首先根据矿井煤层赋存条件，按矿井断层和褶皱分布划分采区5，使采区5边界尽量为断层或褶皱的轴部，当有多个断层或褶皱时，选择相对较大的断层和褶皱的轴部作为采区边界，避免采区内有能够严重改变地应力场的断层和褶皱，使得同一采区处于同一地质单元，确保同一采区内水平最大地应力沿同一方向。按照常规的已有地应力测试方法，如地应力解除法、水力压裂法、或者声发射法等相对成熟的地应力测试技术，测试出采区5范围内沿水平方向的最大地应力方向；由于采区5内工作面回采方向主要沿走向或者倾向开采，工作面6沿哪个方向开采的同时主要煤层巷道，如工作面进风巷道1和工作面回风巷道2，也将沿那个方向掘进，当沿水平方向的最大地应力方向与巷道轴向夹角不同时将在巷道端头产生不同的地应力集中，而导致煤与瓦斯突出危险性不同。
为了降低煤与瓦斯突出危险性，当所测沿水平方向的最大地应力方向与煤层走向的夹角小于45°时，沿煤层倾向布置采区进风巷4和采区回风巷3，并掘进，再沿煤层走向布置工作面进风巷道1和工作面回风巷道2，并掘进，使工作面6沿走向回采；当所测沿水平方向的最大地应力方向与煤层走向的夹角大于45°时，沿煤层走向布置采区进风巷4和采区回风巷3，并掘进，再沿煤层倾向布置工作面进风巷道1和工作面回风巷道2，并掘进，使工作面6沿倾向回采。
由于采区进风巷4和采区回风巷3一般为岩石巷道，无煤与瓦斯突出危险性；而工作面进风巷道1和工作面回风巷道2一般为煤层巷道，通过使得这些煤层巷道更倾向于平行于沿水平方向的最大地应力方向，从而达到降低煤巷掘进和工作面回采过程中煤与瓦斯突出危险性的目的。

Claims (1)

  1. 一种区域性防治煤与瓦斯突出的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
    a、按矿井断层和褶皱分布划分采区（5），使采区（5）边界尽量为断层或褶皱的轴部；
    b、按照常规的地应力测试方法，测试出采区（5）范围内沿水平方向的最大地应力方向；
    当所测沿水平方向的最大地应力方向与煤层走向的夹角小于45°时，沿煤层倾向布置采区进风巷（4）和采区回风巷（3），并掘进，再沿煤层走向布置工作面进风巷道（1）和工作面回风巷道（2），并掘进，使工作面（6）沿走向回采；
    当所测沿水平方向的最大地应力方向与煤层走向的夹角大于45°时，沿煤层走向布置采区进风巷（4）和采区回风巷（3），并掘进，再沿煤层倾向布置工作面进风巷道（1）和工作面回风巷道（2），并掘进，使工作面（6）沿倾向回采。
PCT/CN2012/073236 2011-12-30 2012-03-29 一种区域性防治煤与瓦斯突出的方法 WO2013097370A1 (zh)

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CN109711632A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-05-03 辽宁工程技术大学 一种基于瓦斯涌出异常敏感指标的煤与瓦斯突出预测方法
CN110751337A (zh) * 2019-10-22 2020-02-04 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 煤与瓦斯突出及其次生灾害危险区范围的预测方法

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CN110751337A (zh) * 2019-10-22 2020-02-04 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 煤与瓦斯突出及其次生灾害危险区范围的预测方法

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AU2012354005A1 (en) 2013-07-18
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