WO2013092947A1 - Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013092947A1
WO2013092947A1 PCT/EP2012/076544 EP2012076544W WO2013092947A1 WO 2013092947 A1 WO2013092947 A1 WO 2013092947A1 EP 2012076544 W EP2012076544 W EP 2012076544W WO 2013092947 A1 WO2013092947 A1 WO 2013092947A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nozzle needle
injection valve
fuel injection
fuel
valve according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/076544
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Henning Kreschel
Kai Sutter
Andreas Rau
Andreas Gruenberger
Wilhelm Christ
Alexander VILLMANN
Matthias Horn
Thomas Schwarz
Wolfgang Stoecklein
Thomas Pauer
Stephan Amelang
Lorenz Zerle
Andreas Rettich
Markus Rueckle
Philipp Wachter
Marco Beier
Sven SIAUW
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2013092947A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013092947A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1886—Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0635—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding
    • F02M51/0642—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto
    • F02M51/0653—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto the valve being an elongated body, e.g. a needle valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/184—Discharge orifices having non circular sections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1893—Details of valve member ends not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0073—Pressure balanced valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve, as it is preferably used for the injection of fuel directly a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine use.
  • Fuel injection valves as used for the injection of fuel under high pressure in the combustion chambers of internal combustion engines, usually have a nozzle body in which a pressure chamber is formed. Fuel is introduced under high pressure into the pressure chamber and introduced into the combustion chamber through one or more injection openings.
  • a nozzle needle which is arranged longitudinally displaceable in the pressure chamber, wherein the nozzle needle has a sealing surface which cooperates for opening and closing of the injection openings with a seat surface, wherein only a single injection hole can be provided.
  • the nozzle needle has a substantially conical sealing surface, which cooperates with a likewise conical valve seat.
  • hydraulic forces are used in the prior art as a rule, because due to the high injection pressure of up to 2500 bar in auto-ignition internal combustion engines a direct movement of the nozzle needle against the hydraulic forces excreted by magnetic or piezoelectric actuators.
  • the nozzle needle is in this case by the hydraulic pressure in a control chamber in its closed position, ie held in contact with the seat.
  • the pressure in the control chamber is lowered, the nozzle needle moves away from the seat surface, driven by the hydraulic pressure in the pressure chamber, and releases a flow cross-section so that fuel can flow from the pressure chamber to the injection openings.
  • the nozzle needle is again pressed into its closed position, ie in abutment against the seat.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage over that the nozzle needle can be moved directly with an electromagnet, which allows a fast movement of the nozzle needle and precise control of injection start and end of injection, even with several rapid successive fuel injections.
  • the seat surface is formed as a flat surface which surrounds the inlet openings of the injection openings, so that the injection openings are sealed directly at their inlet openings.
  • a large part of the sealing surface, which is formed on the nozzle needle, from the fuel pressure in the pressure chamber is applied, so that a total of almost a force balance of the nozzle needle is achieved in the longitudinal direction.
  • the forces necessary for the movement of the nozzle needle can be applied by the electromagnet, wherein the nozzle needle in one piece is formed with a magnet armature or is fixedly connected thereto, wherein the armature cooperates with the electromagnet.
  • the seat is advantageously designed as a flat annular surface. This allows, in particular in conjunction with a sealing surface on the nozzle needle, which is designed as a flat end face, a simple seal and a plurality of injection openings, so that the total number of injection ports compared to today's injectors need not be reduced.
  • annular surfaces are present, they are spaced apart so that the fuel can flow freely therebetween, whereby all injection ports are supplied with injection pressure during injection with sufficient fuel.
  • the end of the nozzle needle facing away from the sealing surface advantageously opens into a magnet armature, which cooperates with the electromagnet.
  • the magnetic force can be determined on the nozzle needle and their maximum stroke.
  • the coil of the electromagnet can be arranged in the high pressure, so it is exposed directly to the pressure in the pressure chamber. This allows an immediate effect on the armature and thus a quick power build-up to open the nozzle needle. It may also be advantageously provided that the coil is sealed against the pressure in the pressure chamber and the magnetic force does not act directly, but only by magnetization of the iron core of the electromagnet on the nozzle needle.
  • the arrangement in the low pressure causes a higher strength of the coil, and this can be manufactured at a lower cost.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a schematically illustrated inventive fuel injection valve
  • FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment, the illustration corresponding to that of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the designated III
  • FIG. 1 a fuel injection valve according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG.
  • the fuel injection valve has a housing 1, which comprises a nozzle body 2 and a holding body 4, which are braced against each other with the interposition of a spacer sleeve 5 and an iron core 6 of an electromagnet 35 by means of a clamping nut 7, wherein in the drawing only the directly to the Iron core 6 adjacent part of the holding body 4 is shown.
  • a pressure chamber 3 is formed, in which via a formed in the holding body 4 high-pressure bore 25 through the iron core 6 and the spacer sleeve 5 can be introduced from a high-pressure fuel source, not shown here fuel.
  • a piston-shaped nozzle needle 10 is arranged longitudinally displaceable, the combustion chamber-side end face is ground flat and thus forms a flat sealing surface 18 which cooperates with a plurality of seating surfaces 20.
  • the seat surfaces 20 are formed as planar annular surfaces which surround the inlet openings 111 of a plurality of injection openings 11 formed in the nozzle body 2, as FIG. 3 shows in a perspective view of the detail of FIG.
  • the annular seating surfaces 20 are arranged in a plane so that upon contact of the sealing surface 18 on the seating surfaces 20 all injection ports 11 are closed and sealed against the fuel in the pressure chamber 3.
  • the nozzle needle 10 is guided in the pressure chamber 3 in a guide section 23, wherein the fuel flow is ensured to the injection openings 11 by a plurality of polished sections 24 on the nozzle needle 10.
  • the nozzle needle 10 is at its end facing away from the sealing surface 18 in a magnet armature 35, which projects beyond the rest of the nozzle needle 10 in the radial direction to the outside.
  • the nozzle needle 10 is either integral with The magnet armature 35 is formed or firmly connected thereto.
  • a closing spring 15 is arranged under pressure bias, which exerts a closing force in the direction of the injection openings 11 on the nozzle needle 10 and causes the closing of the nozzle needle 10.
  • the nozzle needle 10 ensures that the injection openings 10 are closed even when the engine is switched off.
  • the electromagnet 30 comprises in addition to the iron core 6, a coil 32 which is designed as a wire winding coil.
  • the coil 32 is connected via two electrical connections 33, 34 and via lines 40 to a voltage source 42, via which a current can be introduced into the coil 32.
  • the voltage source 42 is, for example, a voltage-supplied control unit, with which a current can be conducted in precise time control by the coil 32 in accordance with the requirements of the injection, whereby a magnetic field surrounding the coil is created which is amplified and directed by the magnetic core 6 becomes.
  • the coil 32 is arranged directly opposite the magnet armature 35 so that it is energized when energizing the coil 32 and thus the nozzle needle 10 performs a total of an opening movement of the seat surface 20 away. The opening movement of the nozzle needle 10 is continued until the armature 35 comes to rest on the coil 32 or on the iron core 6. Since a high fuel pressure prevails in the entire pressure chamber 3 during operation of the fuel injection valve, the coil 32 is exposed to this pressure.
  • the pressure chamber 3 is filled with fuel under high pressure when the fuel injection valve is in operation, so that the nozzle needle 10 is acted upon on all sides by the fuel pressure. Since also on the sealing surface 18 and on the injection openings 11 facing away from the end face of the nozzle needle 10 acts a hydraulic force through the fuel in the pressure chamber 3, the nozzle needle 10 as a whole is largely balanced in force in the longitudinal direction, that is, at most a small resulting hydraulic force acting in the longitudinal direction. Since the seats 20 have only a very small area, they practically do not affect the hydraulic balance of forces.
  • the closing spring 15 only needs to exert a small force in order to press the nozzle needle 10 back into its closed position after the energization of the electromagnet 30 has ended.
  • the electromagnet 30 is energized.
  • the magnetic field that arises as a result pulls the armature 35 and thus the nozzle needle 10 away from the seat 20 and thus gives the inlet openings 111 free, whereupon fuel from the pressure chamber 3 flows into the injection openings 11 and finally passes through them into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine wherein the fuel is finely atomized due to the high pressure at the exit from the injection openings 11.
  • the opening movement of the nozzle needle 10 continues until the armature 35 comes to rest on the coil 32 or on the iron core 6. To complete the injection of the coil current is switched off and the nozzle needle 10 moves driven by the force of
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention in the same illustration as in Fig. 1, wherein here only the arrangement of the electromagnet 30 is changed from the first embodiment. It is therefore dispensed with the representation of the components which are identical to those shown in Fig. 1.
  • the coil 32 of the electromagnet 30 is not exposed to the pressure in the pressure chamber 3, but is disposed between the iron core 6 and the clamping nut 7 and thus in low pressure.
  • the seal against the pressure chamber 3 takes place on the one hand by the iron core 6 itself and on the other by the spacer sleeve 5 ', which is clamped between the iron core 6 and the nozzle body 2.
  • the closing spring 15 also exerts the closing force on the nozzle needle 10.
  • the fuel flow through the high-pressure bore 25 in the direction of the pressure chamber is ensured in this embodiment by a connecting bore 26 which is formed in the nozzle body 2.
  • the leadership of the nozzle needle 10 is effected by a guide portion 14 which is formed in the pressure chamber 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-section of the structure of the injection openings 11 and the associated seat surfaces 20.
  • Each injection bore 11 has an inlet opening 111, which is arranged inside the pressure chamber 2.
  • JE en the inlet opening 111 is surrounded by an annular seating surface 20 whose outer diameter is not substantially greater than the diameter of the injection openings 11.
  • the seating surfaces 20 may be composed of annular surfaces whose outer diameter, for example, 300 ⁇ is and thus form a flat annular surface whose thickness is 100 ⁇ .
  • the size of the seats 20 must be adapted to the forces acting, so that there is no plastic deformation in this area.
  • the volume associated with the combustion chamber and filled with fuel in the injection valve shown here is limited to the volume of the injection openings 11.
  • high temperatures result, through which a part of the fuel with which the injection openings 11 are filled , burns.
  • this fuel since this fuel is not atomized, it burns only incomplete and flows with the exhaust gas flow from the combustion chamber.
  • the here with the combustion chamber related volume is extremely small, since the typical diameter of an injection port 11, which is usually designed as a cylindrical bore, only about 150 ⁇ amounts to a length of about 1 mm. The hydrocarbon emissions are thus reduced to a minimum and do not have to be removed by a complex exhaust aftertreatment from the exhaust gas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une soupape d'injection de carburant munie d'un boîtier (1) comprenant un corps d'injecteur (2) et un corps de fixation (4). Une chambre de pression (2), dans laquelle est agencée de manière mobile longitudinalement une aiguille d'injecteur (10), est réalisée dans le boîtier (1). Un électroaimant (30) est par ailleurs agencé dans le boîtier (1). L'aiguille d'injecteur (10) présente une surface d'étanchéité (18) assurant l'ouverture et la fermeture d'au moins un alésage d'injection (11) et par laquelle l'aiguille d'injecteur (10) coopère avec une surface d'appui (20), le ou les alésages d'injection (11) comportant un orifice d'entrée (111) dans la chambre de pression (2). La surface d'appui (20) forme une surface plane qui entoure l'orifice d'entrée (111) du ou des alésages d'injection (11). L'aiguille d'injecteur (10) est formée d'un seul tenant avec un induit magnétique (35) qui coopère avec l'électroaimant (30).
PCT/EP2012/076544 2011-12-21 2012-12-21 Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne WO2013092947A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011089354.7 2011-12-21
DE201110089354 DE102011089354A1 (de) 2011-12-21 2011-12-21 Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013092947A1 true WO2013092947A1 (fr) 2013-06-27

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ID=47501265

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PCT/EP2012/076544 WO2013092947A1 (fr) 2011-12-21 2012-12-21 Soupape d'injection de carburant pour moteurs à combustion interne

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WO (1) WO2013092947A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014200771A1 (de) * 2014-01-17 2015-07-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5982574A (ja) * 1982-10-30 1984-05-12 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の燃料噴射弁
DE3733239A1 (de) * 1987-09-15 1989-03-30 Colt Ind Inc Fluessigkeitsventil und kraftstoff-dosiervorrichtung
US5207410A (en) * 1992-06-03 1993-05-04 Siemens Automotive L.P. Means for improving the opening response of a solenoid operated fuel valve
EP1801410A1 (fr) * 2002-10-26 2007-06-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape de commande d'un fluide
DE102007032741A1 (de) 2007-07-13 2009-01-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102009045486A1 (de) 2009-10-08 2011-04-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoff-Injektor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5982574A (ja) * 1982-10-30 1984-05-12 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の燃料噴射弁
DE3733239A1 (de) * 1987-09-15 1989-03-30 Colt Ind Inc Fluessigkeitsventil und kraftstoff-dosiervorrichtung
US5207410A (en) * 1992-06-03 1993-05-04 Siemens Automotive L.P. Means for improving the opening response of a solenoid operated fuel valve
EP1801410A1 (fr) * 2002-10-26 2007-06-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Soupape de commande d'un fluide
DE102007032741A1 (de) 2007-07-13 2009-01-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102009045486A1 (de) 2009-10-08 2011-04-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoff-Injektor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102011089354A1 (de) 2013-06-27

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