WO2013086973A1 - 电动汽车节能装置及方法 - Google Patents

电动汽车节能装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013086973A1
WO2013086973A1 PCT/CN2012/086391 CN2012086391W WO2013086973A1 WO 2013086973 A1 WO2013086973 A1 WO 2013086973A1 CN 2012086391 W CN2012086391 W CN 2012086391W WO 2013086973 A1 WO2013086973 A1 WO 2013086973A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
disk
energy
electric vehicle
circular
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PCT/CN2012/086391
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
鞠怡明
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苏州科雷芯电子科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2013086973A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013086973A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/08—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means
    • B60K6/10—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel
    • B60K6/105—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel the accumulator being a flywheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/30—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by chargeable mechanical accumulators, e.g. flywheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric vehicle energy conversion device and method, and more particularly to an electric vehicle energy saving device and method.
  • Electric vehicles are the development trend of the automobile industry. Compared with fuel vehicles, they have the advantages of environmental protection and renewable energy utilization. Especially, the world's oil reserves are decreasing day by day, and the proportion of electric vehicles will become larger and larger.
  • the electric vehicle is powered by the battery.
  • the battery has a shorter driving distance than the fuel. Therefore, it is more important to save energy consumption during the use of the vehicle than the fuel vehicle.
  • the present invention mainly solves the technical problem that the electric vehicle in the prior art has repeated acceleration and deceleration in the downtown area and brings higher energy consumption, and provides a method for reducing energy consumption and low energy conversion loss during acceleration and deceleration. Electric vehicle energy saving device and method.
  • an electric vehicle energy-saving device comprising: a battery, a gearbox and a transmission mechanism, the battery is disposed on a circular battery disk
  • the circular battery disk is mounted on the automobile through a central rotating shaft, the circular battery disk is connected to the gearbox through a transmission shaft, the gearbox is connected to the wheel axle, and the center of gravity of the circular battery disk provided with the battery is at the center of the circle.
  • the battery is connected to a circuit of an electric vehicle through a brush and a contact ring, and the brush is respectively connected to a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery, and the contact ring is connected to an AC/DC conversion circuit, and the AC/DC is connected.
  • the conversion circuit is connected to the vehicle electrical equipment.
  • the AC/DC converting circuit is a bridge rectifier circuit.
  • An electric vehicle energy-saving method when the electric vehicle decelerates, the circular battery disk is rotated by the transmission shaft, the body speed is reduced, the circular battery disk rotates faster, and the kinetic energy of the body is converted into the rotational kinetic energy of the circular battery disk;
  • the circular battery disk drives the drive shaft to rotate, the circular battery disk rotates at a slower speed, the drive shaft drives the car wheel to accelerate, and the circular battery disk rotates the kinetic energy into the body kinetic energy.
  • the substantial effect of the invention is that the kinetic energy of the vehicle can be converted into the rotational kinetic energy of the battery disk and the battery when the vehicle is decelerating, and the rotational kinetic energy of the battery disk is released when the vehicle is accelerated, and converted into the kinetic energy of the automobile.
  • the heavy battery is no longer a burden on the car, but a tool for storing kinetic energy.
  • FIG. 2 is an interface diagram of a battery and a powered device of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an AC/DC conversion circuit of the present invention.
  • Embodiment An electric vehicle energy-saving device of the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, puts a large number of batteries 6 into a stacked form, but puts them into a circular battery disk 5 .
  • Round battery tray can be rotated around the rotating shaft 7 Rotate.
  • the rotating shaft and the support of the circular battery disk are composed of bearings that are almost frictionless.
  • the circular battery tray can be rotated at high speed for a long time.
  • the periphery of the battery disk is connected to a drive shaft 8, and the battery disk can obtain rotational energy from the drive shaft, and can also transmit the rotational energy of the battery disk to the drive shaft.
  • the drive shaft is coupled to a gearbox 9 and the other end of the gearbox is coupled to the wheel axle of the vehicle.
  • the transmission disconnects the car wheel axle from the drive shaft when the car is running normally.
  • the gearbox turns on the connection between the wheel axle and the drive shaft.
  • the wheel axle drives the transmission shaft to rotate, and the transmission shaft drives the battery tray to rotate. Therefore, the wheel axle transmits energy to the transmission shaft, which in turn transmits energy to the battery disk, thereby weakening the rotational energy of the wheel axle and achieving the purpose of deceleration.
  • the gearbox determines the gear ratio of the transmission based on the degree of the driver's foot brake. The deeper the step, the larger the gear ratio, the faster the energy of the axle is transmitted to the battery disk, that is, the faster the deceleration of the wheel axle, and the slower the deceleration.
  • the weight of the battery disk is large, there are generally several hundred kilograms, so it can absorb a lot of energy. Moreover, since the battery disk adopts a low-friction structure such as a rotating shaft, the rotating battery disk will always rotate, and the rotation can be stored for a long time. When the brake is depressed to a certain level, the traditional brake pad will be activated, which is equivalent to emergency braking to ensure safe driving.
  • the kinetic energy of the car is not wasted as in the conventional car, but is transferred to the battery disk and stored in the form of rotational energy. And because the battery tray has a large weight, it can absorb a lot of kinetic energy.
  • the transmission When the driver steps on the accelerator to start or accelerate, the transmission first determines the rotation of the battery pan. If the battery pan still has rotational energy, the transmission transmits this energy to the wheel axle, which converts the stored rotational energy into the driving kinetic energy of the car, thereby achieving energy saving. During the repeated acceleration and deceleration of the car, the driving kinetic energy of the car and the rotation of the battery disk are only converted to each other, and the energy of the battery on the car is not used.
  • the transmission determines the speed ratio according to the degree of depression of the accelerator, thereby determining the speed at which the battery disk rotation energy can be converted into the kinetic energy of the vehicle.
  • the structure is connected by using the structure of FIG. 2, and the battery is connected to the circuit of the electric vehicle through the brush and the contact ring, and the positive electrode brush 1 Connect the positive pole of the battery, the negative brush 2 is connected to the negative pole of the battery, the first contact ring 3 is connected to one AC end of the AC/DC converter circuit, and the second contact ring 4 is connected to the other AC end of the AC/DC converter circuit, DC of the AC/DC converter circuit
  • the output is connected to the vehicle's electrical equipment.
  • the first contact ring and the second contact ring are insulated from each other
  • the electrodes on the rotating shaft are led out by wires.
  • the positive and negative electrodes of the battery on the battery disk are rotated by the brush along with the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft.
  • the two contact rings are connected in turn.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种电动汽车节能装置及方法，可降低加速和减速过程中的能耗。该电动汽车节能装置包括电池（6）、变速箱（9）和传动机构，所述电池（6）设置在圆形电池盘（5）上，所述圆形电池盘（5）通过中心的旋转轴（7）安装在汽车上，所述圆形电池盘（5）通过传动轴（8）连接变速箱（9），变速箱（9）与车轮轴连接，设置有电池（6）的圆形电池盘（5）重心在圆心。在汽车减速时将车辆的动能转化为电池盘（5）和电池（6）的转动动能，在加速时再将电池盘（5）的转动动能释放出来，转换为汽车的动能，以此节约能量。本发明适用于所有的电动汽车。

Description

电动汽车节能装置及方法
[0001]
技术领域
[0002] 本发明涉及一种电动汽车能源转换装置及方法，尤其是涉及一种电动汽车节能装置及 方法。
背景技术
[0003] 电动汽车是汽车行业发展的趋势， 相比燃油汽车具有环保、 可利用再生能源的优势， 尤其目前世界石油储量日益减少， 电动汽车占的比例会越来越大。
[0004] 然而电动汽车的发展会面临以下几个困难：
1、 电动汽车靠电池供电， 电池的容量相对燃油来说可维持的行驶距离较短， 为此， 节省汽 车使用过程中的能量消耗就显得比燃油汽车更重要；
2、 为了使电动汽车有尽可能长的行驶距离， 要求电池容量越大越好， 带来的问题是电池会 有较大的体积和重量， 这些重量加大了行驶中的负担。 纯电动汽车通常采用能量密度很高、 安全性很好的磷酸铁锂电池， 在目前的技术条件下， 还没有性能和价格上更优越的电池材料 可取代磷酸铁锂， 指望发明新的电池材料在成本不显著增加的前提下进一步提高能量密度， 在短期内是没有希望的。在此前提下， 可续驶 150公里以上的纯电动小汽车， 其电池箱的重 量将达到 200公斤以上。
[0005] 在闹市区和路况良好的条件下行车， 同样的距离所消耗的能量会有非常大的差距，这 是由于闹市区汽车要反复加速、 减速甚至是刹车和启动， 这些操作对能量的消耗很大。
[0006] 中华人民共和国国家知识产权局于 2011 年 04 月 06 日公开了授权公告号为 CN201784476U的专利文献， 名称是电动汽车， 它包括驱动轴、 通过变速装置带动该驱动轴 转动的电动机； 驱动轴通过第二离合器与发电机连接， 该发电机通过稳压充电装置与双联切 换开关电连接， 电动机与双联切换开关电连接， 第一蓄电池、 第二蓄电池与双联切换开关电 连接。此方案能够将汽车下坡或者制动减速过程中所产生的惯性转化为电能， 但是能量通过 机械能 -电能 -机械能多次转换以后会有很大的损耗。
发明内容
[0007] 本发明主要是解决现有技术所存在的电动汽车在闹市区反复加速减速带来较高能耗 的技术问题， 提供一种可以降低加速和减速过程中的能耗、能量转换损耗较低的电动汽车节 能装置及方法。 [0008] 本发明针对上述技术问题主要是通过下述技术方案得以解决的：一种电动汽车节能装 置， 其特征在于， 包括电池、 变速箱和传动机构， 所述电池设置在圆形电池盘上， 所述圆形 电池盘通过中心的旋转轴安装在汽车上， 所述圆形电池盘通过传动轴连接变速箱， 变速箱与 车轮轴连接， 设置有电池的圆形电池盘重心在圆心。
[0009] 作为优选，所述电池通过电刷和接触环与电动汽车的电路连接，所述电刷分别连接所 述电池的正极和负极， 所述接触环连接交直流变换电路， 所述交直流变换电路与汽车用电设 备连接。
[0010] 作为优选， 所述交直流变换电路为桥式整流电路。
[0011] 一种电动汽车节能方法， 电动汽车减速时通过传动轴带动圆形电池盘转动，车身速度 降低， 圆形电池盘旋转速度加快， 车身动能转化为圆形电池盘的转动动能； 电动汽车加速时 圆形电池盘带动传动轴转动， 圆形电池盘转动速度减慢， 传动轴带动汽车车轮加速， 圆形电 池盘转动动能转化为车身动能。
[0012] 当刹车行程小于一半时， 只使用圆形电池盘减速， 当刹车行程超过一半时， 启动刹车 片制动。
[0013] 当油门小于三分之一且圆形电池盘旋转速度通过传动轴和变速箱变速以后大于车轮 转速， 则使用圆形电池盘驱动车轮转动， 否则使用汽车电池驱动车轮。
[0014] 本发明带来的实质性效果是，可以在汽车减速时将车辆的动能转化为电池盘和电池的 转动动能， 在加速时再将电池盘的转动动能释放出来， 转换为汽车的动能， 以此节约能量， 使沉重的电池不再是汽车的负担， 而成为储存动能的工具。
附图说明
[0015] 图 1是本发明的一种结构示意图；
图 2是本发明的一种电池与用电设备的接口图；
图 3是本发明的一种交直流转换电路图；
图中： 1、 正极电刷， 2、 负极电刷， 3、 第一接触环， 4、 第二接触环， 5、 圆形电池盘， 6、 电池， 7、 转动轴， 8、 传动轴， 9、 变速箱。
具体实施方式
[0016] 下面通过实施例， 并结合附图， 对本发明的技术方案作进一步具体的说明。
[0017] 实施例： 本实施例的一种电动汽车节能装置， 如图 1所示， 它将大量的电池 6—改平 放堆叠的形式放在一起而是放入一个圆形电池盘 5内。圆形电池盘可以围绕着旋转轴 7高速 旋转。 圆形电池盘的旋转轴和支撑物均由几乎无摩擦的轴承构成。 圆形电池盘可以长时间高 速旋转。 电池盘的外围与一传动轴 8相接， 电池盘可以从传动轴上获得转动能， 也可以将电 池盘的转动能传递给传动轴。 传动轴接在一变速箱 9上， 变速箱的另一端接汽车的车轮轴。
[0018] 该机构的工作过程是这样的：
在汽车正常行驶时变速箱断开汽车车轮轴与传动轴之间的联系。当汽车在行驶过程中要减速 时， 变速箱接通车轮轴与传动轴之间的联系。 车轮轴带动传动轴转动， 传动轴带动电池盘转 动。 因此车轮轴将能量传递给了传动轴， 传动轴又将能量传递给了电池盘， 从而削弱了车轮 轴的转动能量， 达到了减速的目的。
[0019] 变速箱根据司机脚踏制动器的程度决定变速器的变速比。踏的越深， 变速比越大， 车 轮轴的能量传给电池盘的速度越快， 也就是车轮轴的减速越快， 反之减速越慢。
[0020] 由于电池盘的重量很大， 一般会有几百公斤， 所以它能够吸收的能量很大。又因电池 盘采用旋转轴等低摩擦结构， 旋转起来的电池盘会一直转动下去， 转动能会长时间保存。 当 制动器踏低到一定程度后会启动传统刹车片， 相当于紧急刹车， 以确保行车安全。
[0021] 在刹车的过程中，汽车行驶的动能没有像传统汽车那样浪费掉，而是转送到电池盘上 以转动能的形式保存起来。 而又由于电池盘的重量很大， 可以吸纳的动能很多。
[0022] 在司机踏动油门要启动或加速时，变速器首先判断电池盘的转动情况。如果电池盘仍 然有转动能， 则变速器将此能量传递给车轮轴， 将贮存的转动能转变为汽车的行驶动能， 从 而实现了节能的目的。在汽车反复加速、减速的过程中汽车的行驶动能与电池盘转动能只是 互相转换， 并未使用汽车上电池的能量。
[0023] 在加速时变速器根据油门踏下的程度决定变速比，从而决定电池盘转动能转换为汽车 行驶动能的速度。
[0024] 在油门快速踏下， 或踏下到一定程度时， 或电池盘处于静止状态时， 启动电机工作， 只有这时才真正使用了电能。
[0025] 电池盘的电池向外传递电流时， 由于转动的原因， 电源线不能固定接死， 采用图 2 的结构连接， 电池通过电刷和接触环与电动汽车的电路连接， 正极电刷 1连接电池的正极， 负极电刷 2连接电池负极， 第一接触环 3连接交直流变换电路的一个交流端， 第二接触环 4 连接交直流变换电路的另一个交流端， 交直流变换电路的直流输出端与汽车用电设备连接。 第一接触环和第二接触环相互绝缘
转动轴上的电极用导线引出。电池盘上的电池正负极通过电刷随着转动轴的转动与转动轴上 的两个接触环轮流连接。
[0026] 由于转动轴是在旋转的，所以引出的电极线的极性是正负交替变化的，我们也称其为 交流电极线。 我们采用如图 3所示的桥式整流电路将交流电极线转变为直流电。
[0027] 利用汽车上的电池作为转动能的存储体， 电池的重量这一缺点可以被妥善利用。
[0028] 本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的 技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并 不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。
[0029] 尽管本文较多地使用了电池、变速箱、 圆形电池盘等术语， 但并不排除使用其它术语 的可能性。使用这些术语仅仅是为了更方便地描述和解释本发明的本质； 把它们解释成任何 一种附加的限制都是与本发明精神相违背的。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种电动汽车节能装置， 其特征在于， 包括电池、 变速箱和传动机构， 所述电池设置在 圆形电池盘上， 所述圆形电池盘通过中心的旋转轴安装在电动汽车上， 所述圆形电池盘通过 传动轴连接变速箱， 变速箱与车轮轴连接， 设置有电池的圆形电池盘重心在圆心。
2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的电动汽车节能装置， 其特征在于， 所述电池通过电刷和接触环与 电动汽车的电路连接， 所述电刷分别连接所述电池的正极和负极， 所述接触环连接交直流变 换电路， 所述交直流变换电路与汽车用电设备连接。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的电动汽车节能装置， 其特征在于， 所述交直流变换电路为桥 式整流电路。
4. 一种电动汽车节能方法， 其特征在于， 电动汽车减速时通过传动轴带动圆形电池盘转动， 车身速度降低， 圆形电池盘旋转速度加快， 车身动能转化为圆形电池盘的转动动能； 电动汽 车加速时圆形电池盘带动传动轴转动，圆形电池盘转动速度减慢，传动轴带动汽车车轮加速， 圆形电池盘转动动能转化为车身动能。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的电动汽车节能方法， 其特征在于， 当刹车行程小于一半时， 只使 用圆形电池盘减速， 当刹车行程超过一半时， 启动刹车片制动。
6. 根据权利要求 4所述的电动汽车技能方法， 其特征在于， 当油门小于三分之一且圆形电 池盘旋转速度通过传动轴和变速箱变速以后大于车轮转速， 则使用圆形电池盘驱动车轮转 动， 否则使用汽车电池驱动车轮。
PCT/CN2012/086391 2011-12-12 2012-12-12 电动汽车节能装置及方法 WO2013086973A1 (zh)

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