WO2013068291A1 - Dispositif de conversion d'une énergie calorifique en énergie électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif de conversion d'une énergie calorifique en énergie électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013068291A1
WO2013068291A1 PCT/EP2012/071580 EP2012071580W WO2013068291A1 WO 2013068291 A1 WO2013068291 A1 WO 2013068291A1 EP 2012071580 W EP2012071580 W EP 2012071580W WO 2013068291 A1 WO2013068291 A1 WO 2013068291A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
thermoelectric generator
thermoelectric
heizkanalanordnung
channel
heat transfer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/071580
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roland Gauss
Karl Stockinger
Original Assignee
Friedrich Boysen Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Friedrich Boysen Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Friedrich Boysen Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2013068291A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013068291A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
    • H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
    • H10N10/13—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the heat-exchanging means at the junction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for converting thermal energy into electrical energy, comprising a thermoelectric generator which has an active surface provided for contact with a heat source, and a heating channel arrangement through which a heat transfer fluid can flow, which is designed to Carrying heat carrier fluid along a flow direction along the active surface of the thermoelectric generator, wherein the thermoelectric generator has a longitudinal direction due to its overall dimensions.
  • thermoelectric generators are used in various ways of using waste heat.
  • thermoelectric generators can be used for exhaust heat utilization in internal combustion engines, by converting a portion of the thermal energy of the hot exhaust gas stream into electrical energy and the electrical system of the
  • thermoelectric generator Motor vehicle is supplied, so as ultimately to save fuel.
  • thermoelectric generator it is above all the largest possible temperature difference between the heat source and the associated heat sink that is decisive for the greatest possible yield of electrical energy.
  • thermoelectric generators that is to say the heat transfer fluid is generated essentially in the longitudinal direction by the thermoelectric generator. led through it.
  • This has the advantage of a good space utilization and a relatively smooth passage without excessive pressure loss.
  • heat energy is continuously withdrawn from the heat transfer fluid on its flow path through the thermoelectric generator, so that the active surface located at the end of the flow path is heated less than the active surface located at the beginning of the flow path.
  • the temperature of the heat source and thus the decisive for the effectiveness temperature difference between the heat source and the heat sink at the end of the flow path is only relatively small. This means that the thermoelectric generator operates in the output region with a reduced efficiency.
  • An object of the invention is thus to increase the yield of electrical energy in devices of the type mentioned.
  • the flow direction is transverse to the longitudinal direction.
  • the Schukanalan extract is thus designed and arranged so that the thermoelectric generator is not total longitudinally as usual, but flows through it.
  • the temperature gradient of the heat transfer fluid along the flow path can be considerably reduced by a transverse flow and that, in addition, the increase in the overall efficiency caused thereby overcompensates the known disadvantages of a transverse flow.
  • the term "longitudinal direction" with respect to the thermoelectric generator is seen independent of any symmetries. That is to say that a longitudinal direction in the sense of the invention is defined whenever the shape of the thermoelectric generator determined by the external dimensions is in any way oblong-regardless of the cross-sectional profile.
  • the Schukanalanowski herein is formed such that the flow of the heat transfer fluid upstream of the thermoelectric generator and / or downstream of the thermoelectric generator is deflected, in particular by 90 °.
  • the flow deflection can be accomplished for example by provided in the Schukanalanowski elbows.
  • a flow deflection is advantageous above all from a construction space point of view, since then e.g. the inlet channel of the Schukanalanowski, the thermoelectric generator itself and the output channel of the Schukanalan ever extend as in a conventional longitudinal flow along a common longitudinal direction.
  • thermoelectric generator can define an elongated cuboid, wherein the Schukanalan extract is designed to run the heat transfer fluid from one broad side of the cuboid to the opposite broad side of the cuboid.
  • the heat carrier fluid can be guided parallel to the narrow sides of the elongated cuboid and at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the cuboid.
  • a cuboid shape allows in particular a simple housing and installation.
  • the thermoelectric generator may further include a plurality of thermoelectric modules mounted side by side on the heating channel assembly. Thermoelectric generators usually comprise a plurality of individual thermoelectric modules or individual elements, which together form the generator. Often these are similar single modules.
  • thermoelectric generator per se is given by the entire space filled by the thermoelectric modules and the associated heating and, where appropriate, cooling duct sections.
  • the individual modules it is in principle possible for the individual modules to likewise each have a longitudinal direction which, however, does not coincide with the longitudinal direction of the thermoelectric generator.
  • a juxtaposition of elongate modules could be provided, which are each longitudinally flowed through, but which together provide a cross-flow of the thermoelectric generator.
  • the Bankkanalan- order comprises a plurality of parallel individual channels, with a common input channel branches into the individual channels and unite the individual channels to a common output channel.
  • a common input channel branches into the individual channels and unite the individual channels to a common output channel.
  • thermoelectric modules of the thermoelectric generator can be attached to each individual channel. In this way it can be ensured that in each case a thermoelectric module or in each case a set of several sets of thermoelectric modules is acted upon by a separate individual channel with heat transfer fluid becomes. This causes a particularly uniform temperature distribution, which benefits the efficiency of the generator.
  • thermoelectric module can be attached to each individual channel on two opposite sides, in particular flat sides.
  • the heat transfer between the heat transfer fluid and the thermoelectric modules can thereby be further improved because the fluid is guided along both sides of active surfaces.
  • the heating channel has a flattened rectangular cross-section, wherein one or more thermoelectric modules are attached to both flat sides. In this way, a particularly large area of the heating channel is in contact with the thermoelectric modules.
  • the heating channel assembly may comprise two spaced apart rows of parallel individual channels. This allows a particularly favorable distribution of the incoming fluid to the various thermoelectric modules.
  • the individual channels can have a rectangular or trapezoidal cross section and / or a rectangular or trapezoidal longitudinal section. Such designed channels are particularly suitable for mounting thermoelectric elements, since sufficient flat surfaces for connecting the respective hot sides of the thermoelectric modules are available.
  • the Schukanalan extract can be formed in particular as an exhaust passage for integration into an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine.
  • the heating channel arrangement has an outer wall with at least one opening, wherein the active surface of the thermoelectric generator covers the opening at least partially. In the region in which the breakthrough is covered, there is thus a direct contact between the heat transfer fluid and the active surface. In this way, the heat transfer from the heat transfer fluid can be improved to the active surface, since the normally existing Schwarzkanalwand omitted in the region of the aperture as additional heat transfer resistance.
  • the invention also relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, in particular in a motor vehicle, wherein at least one device as described above in an exhaust line of the internal combustion engine is integrated and wherein an electrical output terminal of the thermoelectric generator with an internal combustion engine associated electrical energy storage is in communication.
  • the electrical energy store may be, for example, the main battery of a motor vehicle.
  • the exhaust gas line can have at least one sound damping device, which is designed taking into account the sound damping performance of the thermoelectric generator.
  • one or more sound damping devices can be accommodated in a muffler housing, which is integrated in an arbitrary position of the exhaust gas line in this. Due to the sound-absorbing effect of the thermoelectric generator, it is possible to to dimension smaller dimensions in the silencer housing and / or to reduce their number or even completely dispense with additional silencing devices. Because heat energy is withdrawn from the exhaust gas by the thermoelectric generator, not only cooling of the exhaust gas results, but also a reduction of the acoustic emission.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of an apparatus for converting thermal energy into electrical energy according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of an apparatus for converting thermal energy into electrical energy according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • a device for converting thermal energy into electrical energy comprises a heating channel arrangement 10, which is integrated in an exhaust duct, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • the Schukanalan extract 10 includes a hot exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine receiving input channel 1 1 and arranged offset parallel to this, the exhaust gas to an exhaust, not shown, output channel thirteenth
  • Between the input channel 1 1 and the output channel 13 extend two superimposed and spaced apart rows of five parallel individual channels 15, which extend at right angles to the input channel 1 1 and to the output channel 13 and have a rectangular, flattened cross-section.
  • Each of the individual channels 15 branches off from the input channel 1 1 and opens again into the output channel 13.
  • thermoelectric modules 19 are each housed in a half-shell-like housing 27 (FIG. 2) made of metal, which is attached to the individual channel 15 by means of fastening tabs (not shown). For targeted generation of turbulence in the flowing exhaust swirling elements and / or openings may be present, which is not shown in the figures. To clarify the arrangement, the thermoelectric modules are omitted in Fig. 1 in the right in the image channel 15.
  • thermoelectric module 19 is arranged such that its intended for contact with the exhaust warm side 30 to the single channel 15 has.
  • a cooling channel 33 is provided, the id of adefluu-, in particular water, can be flowed through.
  • cooling water flowing to each cooling channel 33 is supplied, which is subsequently guided, preferably in a meandering flow, over the cold side 32 of the thermoelectric element 19 and subsequently fed to an outlet (not shown).
  • the arrangement of the thermoelectric modules 19 attached to the upper sides 23 and lower surfaces 25 of the individual channels 15 forms a total of a thermoelectric generator 18 which has a cuboid shape with an excellent longitudinal direction L in terms of its overall dimensions.
  • the hot sides 30 of all thermoelectric modules 19 together form the active area of the thermoelectric generator 18.
  • the flow direction S along which the hot exhaust gas is guided through the individual channels 15 on the hot sides 30 of the thermoelectric modules 19, extends transversely to the longitudinal direction L.
  • the flow direction S extends at right angles to the longitudinal direction L.
  • transverse flow should also be understood to mean an arrangement in which the flow direction is oblique to the longitudinal direction.
  • Fig. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of a device according to the invention, which is constructed in principle as the embodiment of FIG. 1, but with S-shaped pipe bends 35 upstream and are provided downstream of the thermoelectric generator.
  • the elbows 35 are attached to respective flange portions 37 on the input channel 1 1 and on the output channel 13 and allow a smaller lateral offset between the input channel 1 1 and the output channel 13. This may be desirable in certain applications for reasons of exploitable space.
  • thermoelectric module 19 During operation of the internal combustion engine, the flowing exhaust gas heats the hot side 30 of each thermoelectric module 19, whereas the cold side 32 of each thermoelectric module 19 is cooled by means of the water flowing through the respective cooling channel 33. In this way, electrical energy can be obtained from the thermal energy of the exhaust gas, which is expediently supplied to the electrical system of the associated motor vehicle. Due to the modular design, the invention can be adapted to many different variants of exhaust strands. The principle of the two-sided arrangement of thermoelectric modules 19 allows a particularly effective thermal connection of the thermoelectric modules 19 to the Schukanalanaku 10th
  • thermoelectric generator Due to the cross-flow of the thermoelectric generator, the temperature drop along the flow path relative to a longitudinal flow can be reduced. As a result, the invention thus enables a higher overall efficiency of the thermoelectric see generator 18th LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de conversion d'une énergie calorifique en énergie électrique, comprenant un générateur (18) thermoélectrique comportant une surface active prévue pour être en contact avec une source de chaleur, et un système de conduit de chauffage (10) pouvant être traversé par un fluide caloporteur. Ledit système de conduit de chauffage est conçu pour guider le fluide caloporteur suivant une direction d'écoulement (S) sur la surface active du générateur thermoélectrique. Ledit générateur thermoélectrique comporte une direction longitudinale (L) par rapport à ses dimensions totales. La direction d'écoulement (S) s'étend transversalement à la direction longitudinale (L).
PCT/EP2012/071580 2011-11-11 2012-10-31 Dispositif de conversion d'une énergie calorifique en énergie électrique WO2013068291A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011118375A DE102011118375A1 (de) 2011-11-11 2011-11-11 Vorrichtung zur Wandlung von Wärmeenergie in elektrische Energie
DE102011118375.6 2011-11-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013068291A1 true WO2013068291A1 (fr) 2013-05-16

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PCT/EP2012/071580 WO2013068291A1 (fr) 2011-11-11 2012-10-31 Dispositif de conversion d'une énergie calorifique en énergie électrique

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DE (1) DE102011118375A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013068291A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015223353A1 (de) * 2015-11-25 2017-06-01 Mahle International Gmbh Thermoelektrische Vorrichtung, insbesondere thermoelektrischer Generator

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008023937A1 (de) * 2008-05-16 2009-11-19 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie aus Abgaswärme
US20110126530A1 (en) * 2009-12-02 2011-06-02 Joseph Callahan Cross-flow thermoelectric generator for vehicle exhaust system
WO2011107282A1 (fr) * 2010-03-03 2011-09-09 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh Dispositif pour l'utilisation de la chaleur des gaz d'échappement

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006057662A1 (de) * 2006-12-07 2008-06-12 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Fahrzeug mit einem thermoelektrischen Generator
DE102007063172B4 (de) * 2007-12-19 2010-11-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Thermoelektrischer Generator und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines thermoelektrischen Generators
DE102009046318A1 (de) * 2009-11-03 2011-05-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Thermoelektrischer Generator und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE202010003049U1 (de) * 2010-03-03 2010-07-08 Emcon Technologies Germany (Augsburg) Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Abgaswärmenutzung

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008023937A1 (de) * 2008-05-16 2009-11-19 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie aus Abgaswärme
US20110126530A1 (en) * 2009-12-02 2011-06-02 Joseph Callahan Cross-flow thermoelectric generator for vehicle exhaust system
WO2011107282A1 (fr) * 2010-03-03 2011-09-09 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh Dispositif pour l'utilisation de la chaleur des gaz d'échappement

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