WO2013068261A1 - Centrale hydroélectrique - Google Patents

Centrale hydroélectrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013068261A1
WO2013068261A1 PCT/EP2012/071360 EP2012071360W WO2013068261A1 WO 2013068261 A1 WO2013068261 A1 WO 2013068261A1 EP 2012071360 W EP2012071360 W EP 2012071360W WO 2013068261 A1 WO2013068261 A1 WO 2013068261A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
nozzle unit
plant according
hydropower plant
support frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/071360
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wilfried Stein
Original Assignee
Stein Ht Gmbh Spezialtiefbau
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stein Ht Gmbh Spezialtiefbau filed Critical Stein Ht Gmbh Spezialtiefbau
Publication of WO2013068261A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013068261A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/061—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially in flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • F05B2240/133—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines with a convergent-divergent guiding structure, e.g. a Venturi conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydropower plant for generating electrical energy by converting Strömu ngsenerg ie a flowing water body by means of a turbomachine with at least one rotor, a generator driven by the rotor, a float, and with a nozzle unit for increasing the flow velocity in the region of the rotor.
  • a hydropower plant of the construction described above is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,868,408 or also DE 20 2010 001 796 U1 of the applicant.
  • it is a total of a portable turbomachine, which is determined for example by means of an anchor in a river bed.
  • the local rotor is preceded by a nozzle unit similar to that in an aircraft. This is intended to produce a converging and divergent flow by utilizing the Venturi effect in the area of the rotor.
  • the venturi effect is generally understood as the phenomenon that the flow rate of a body of water flowing through a pipe or, in the present case, through a river bed or the nozzle unit behaves inversely proportional to a changing cross section. In other words, the flow velocity is greatest where the flow area is the smallest.
  • This takes advantage of the nozzle unit by the rotor is usually placed in the region of the smallest cross-section of the nozzle unit. As a result, the flow velocity is increased in this region of the smallest cross-section (narrowing cross-section).
  • Such a narrowing cross-section can be achieved, for example, by the fact that the
  • Nozzle unit converges in the flow direction before the bottleneck and then diverges.
  • the nozzle unit has at least one adjustable wall.
  • the electrical energy generated by means of the generator should be equalized on the output side.
  • fluctuations in the water level and / or the flow velocity of the water body can be easily controlled.
  • the at least one adjustable wall has proven to be favorable when it comes to making adjustments to the water level and / or the flow velocity of the water within certain limits.
  • the rotor is formed three-dimensionally adjustable relative to the nozzle unit.
  • the invention aims to provide a total remedy.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of further developing such a hydropower plant for generating electrical energy by converting the flow energy of a flowing body of water by means of a turbomachine so that a uniform energy output is observed by the generator and in particular no disturbing turbulence in the region of the rotor. more) occur.
  • a generic hydroelectric plant in the invention is characterized in that the nozzle unit and the rotor each have their own support frame and at least one variable relative distance in the axial direction to each other.
  • both the nozzle unit and the rotor each have at least one float.
  • This float can each be designed so that its buoyancy force can be changed.
  • two or more floats are realized both on the nozzle unit and on the rotor.
  • the design is such that the two or more floats each receive the support frame between them in the manner of a pontoon. That is, the rotor is usually connected to a rotor support frame carried by the float.
  • the nozzle unit is supported by a nozzle unit support frame. At least one float for the nozzle unit is connected to the nozzle unit support frame.
  • Both the rotor shoring and the nozzle unit shoring are regularly designed in the manner of a pontoon. That is, the two or more floats each take up the shoring between them.
  • the rotor can be structurally designed independently of each other. That is, the rotor support frame with the float and the connected rotor can be carried self-supporting and define a separate unit.
  • both building units ie. h., That rotor support frame with the connected rotor as well as the nozzle unit support frame with the nozzle unit are each made buoyant and have at least one own associated floating body.
  • the support frames in question are connected, for example, by means of chains or other connecting means with a river bed, a river bank, etc.
  • Such a connection means ensures that the nozzle unit and the rotor according to the invention can change their relative distance in the axial direction to each other.
  • both the rotor support frame and the nozzle unit support frame are aligned independently of each other in the axial direction to each other to set the desired relative distance in this axial direction to each other.
  • the two shoring towers are slidably connected to each other in the axial direction.
  • a rail arrangement connecting the two shoring structures at least in the axial direction can be provided. With the help of this rail arrangement it is ensured that the two shoring scaffolds maintain the mutual axial alignment with each other during their relative displacement.
  • the nozzle unit is generally trough-shaped with bottom and side walls.
  • a first nozzle unit is generally trough-shaped with bottom and side walls.
  • the rotor is usually arranged in a Ausströmquerrough the nozzle unit.
  • This outflow cross section of the nozzle unit typically adjoins the narrowing cross-section already described in the flow direction of the water body.
  • the outflow cross-section is defined by side wall areas facing outward compared to the narrowing cross-section.
  • a horizontal positioning unit may also be provided.
  • this is usually dispensable because the rotor is typically arranged on a common axis with the nozzle unit or aligned in the axial direction.
  • the vertical adjustment unit may comprise a column, a stand or the like.
  • the rotor or a propeller unit which is mostly realized at this point is moved in the vertical direction.
  • the associated support frame usually has a predominantly horizontal arrangement. The horizontal movement not only makes it possible to carry out any repair measures on the propeller unit but, if necessary, it is also possible to compensate for different water levels of the flowing water.
  • the vertical adjustment unit is designed to be adjustable manually and / or by means of a drive. If a drive can be used, the invention regularly resorts to an electric motor which operates on the rotor via a chain or another traction means and adjusts it vertically relative to the associated support frame in the manner of a lift.
  • Another special feature of the invention is to take into account that the rotor or at this point realized propeller unit is directly coupled to the generator - without intervening transmission.
  • the generator in this case is a torque generator.
  • the propeller unit can be designed to be particularly compact and lightweight, because the typically intermediate transmission between the rotor or propeller and the generator is missing or is not required according to the invention. That is, the generator converts the mechanical energy transmitted to it by the rotor directly into electrical power without the intermediate transmission.
  • torque generators are known in principle, for which reference should be made, by way of example only, to DE 10 2009 033 203 A1.
  • a hydropower plant for generating electric power by converting flow energy of a flowing water by means of a turbomachine in which the nozzle unit and the rotor are each equipped with their own support frame.
  • both support structures d. H. Change the rotor support frame with the rotor and also the nozzle unit support frame with the nozzle unit with respect to their axial distance. Since the axial direction typically coincides with the flow direction, this means that both support structures have a variable distance from one another in the flow direction.
  • any congestion and / or suction effects between the nozzle unit and the rotor can be adjusted in a targeted manner.
  • the performance of the hydropower plants according to the invention can be optimized and easily adapted to the topographical requirements.
  • 1a shows the hydropower plant according to the invention in a schematic
  • Fig.1b the object of Fig.1a in front view
  • a hydropower plant which serves to generate electrical energy.
  • the electrical energy is obtained by converting Strömungsenerg ie a flowing body of water 1.
  • the flowing body of water 1 is a river 1, which flows in a river bed 2 in the flow direction S.
  • a turbomachine 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 is realized.
  • the turbomachine 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 has in detail a rotor 3, which is offset from the flow 1 in rotation and a driven by the rotor 3 generator 4.
  • the generator 4 is directly to the Rotor or a realized at this point propeller unit 3 connected, d. h., Without intermediate transmission.
  • the generator 4 is a torque generator 4.
  • a measuring line 9 is detected by means of which the rotational speed of the rotor 3 and / or the electrical energy generated by the generator 4 are measured and transmitted to a control unit 10.
  • the turbomachine 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 is also equipped with floats 5, a nozzle unit 6 and shoring 7. In fact, it can be seen on the basis of the overview drawing of FIGS. 1 a and 1 b as well as the
  • the nozzle unit 6 is trough-like equipped with a bottom 6a and side walls 6b, 6c and 6d.
  • the trough is designed to be open at the top. In this way, you can easily observe the function of on the one hand the rotor 3 and on the other hand, the generator 4 from the shore.
  • two side wall regions 6d provided on the input side of the nozzle unit 6 and defining an inflow cross section Q E are designed to be adjustable. Of course this is not mandatory.
  • two further mutually opposite side wall portions 6c which define a total cross-sectional constriction Q v. With the help of this throat cross-section Qv the nozzle effect already described in the introduction is generated.
  • two side wall regions 6b are realized, which are each designed to point outward. These outwardly facing side wall regions on the output side of the nozzle unit 6 define the outflow cross section Q A following the narrowing cross section Q v .
  • the nozzle unit 6 and the rotor 3 each have their own support frame 7, 7 ', namely on the one hand, the rotor support frame 7 and on the other hand, the nozzle unit support frame 7'.
  • Both shoring 7, 7 ' have at least one variable relative distance A in the axial direction to each other.
  • variable relative distance A between on the one hand the rotor 3 and on the other hand the nozzle unit 6 or between their associated support frames 7, 7 ' allows an optimal adjustment of the mutual arrangement to use congestion and suction effects to optimize the electrical energy yield advantageous.
  • the two shoring 7, 7 'of one hand, the rotor 3 and the other part of the nozzle unit 6 are structurally designed independently of each other. Both shoring 7, 7 'each have their own float 5.
  • two floats 5 (or even more floating body 5) is real chandelier, d ie the associated support frame 7, 7 'record between them in the manner of a pontoon.
  • the associated support frame 7, 7 'and the corresponding floating body 5 are a constructive each independently designed unit 7, 5; 7 ', 5. Both units 7, 5; 7 ', 5 are designed not only structurally independent of each other, but also formed self-supporting. In addition, both buildings can be buoyantly swimmable in days 7, 5, 7 ', 5, respectively. For this purpose, one or more floating bodies 5 can be changed with regard to the respectively generated buoyancy force. This can be done, for example, by the realization of (water) ballast tanks or in other ways.
  • both support frames 7, 7' are slidably connected to one another.
  • one of the two support frames 7, 7 'at least in the axial direction interconnecting rail assembly 1 1 is realized, which is particularly in the Fig. 2 detects.
  • a motor drive 1 2 may be provided, by means of which the desired relative distance A is set.
  • the drive in question 12 is indicated in Fig. 1 a.
  • the rotor 3 and / or the nozzle unit 6 are adjusted relative to each other at least in the axial direction or flow direction S in question, so that the rotor 3 with variable lateral covering Ü dips into the nozzle unit 6.
  • This overlap Ü is indicated in FIG. 1 a. That is, in general, the procedure will be such that the rotor 3 finds an arrangement at least in the region of the outwardly facing side wall regions 6b and consequently in the region of the outflow cross section QA.
  • a distance B between an outer periphery of rotor blades or propeller blades 3a of the rotor or propeller 3 with respect to the Düsenein unit 6 respectively the corresponding side wall portions 6b, 6c and 6d are changed as needed.
  • the tendency is to set this distance B the greater, the greater the amount of water flowing into the nozzle unit 6 and / or its flow rate.
  • the rotor 3 is beyond and, as shown in FIGS. 1 b and 2, connected to a vertical line unit 1 3.
  • I may also be a horizontal positioning unit realized, which is not shown. Because of the propeller 3 and the rotor 3 is located with its axis on an axis of symmetry Z of the entire turbomachine 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. With the help of the vertical adjustment unit 13, the rotor 3 with respect to its immersion depth in the
  • the vertical adjustment unit 13 allows the rotor 3 to be lifted out of the flow 1 for inspection work.
  • the vertical adjustment unit 1 3 can be operated manually and / or by machine.
  • a drive or an unillustrated electric motor may be provided, which changes the propeller 3 in the manner of a lift against its associated support frame 7 in height via a chain or other traction means.
  • the individual propeller blades 3a of the propeller 3 can be changed with respect to their angle of attack ⁇ . This angle of attack ⁇ is enclosed between the main axis of the associated propeller blade 3a and the flow direction S, as indicated in FIG. 1a.
  • the motor or motor drive for changing the relative distance A is acted upon by the control unit 10.
  • control unit 1 is fed 0 m with measured values h nostil I the speed of the rotor 3 and / or the electrical energy generated on the output side of the generator 4.
  • control unit 10 is able to optimize the output-side power of the turbomachine 4, 5, 6, 7 in the sense of a control or regulation.
  • the control unit 10 will act on the drive 12 so that it changes the relative distance A between the nozzle unit 6 and the rotor 3 until a maximum of the electrical energy generated on the output side of the generator 4 is observed.
  • a speed maximum of the rotor 3 usually also corresponds.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une centrale hydroélectrique servant à produire de l'énergie électrique par conversion de l'énergie hydraulique d'un cours d'eau (1) au moyen d'une turbomachine (3, 4, 5, 6, 7) comportant au moins un rotor (3), une génératrice (4) entraînée par le rotor (3), un corps flottant (5) et une unité buse (6) servant à augmenter la vitesse d'écoulement dans la zone du rotor. L'unité buse (6) et le rotor (3) présentent chacun leur propre structure porteuse (7, 7') et au moins un écartement relatif variable (A) en direction radiale l'un par rapport à l'autre.
PCT/EP2012/071360 2011-11-10 2012-10-29 Centrale hydroélectrique WO2013068261A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202011051930U DE202011051930U1 (de) 2011-11-10 2011-11-10 Wasserkraftanlage
DE202011051930.9 2011-11-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013068261A1 true WO2013068261A1 (fr) 2013-05-16

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WO (1) WO2013068261A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2997135B1 (fr) * 2012-10-24 2015-01-02 Tidalys Hydrolienne flottante
EP4189231A1 (fr) * 2020-07-29 2023-06-07 COS.B.I. Costruzione Bobine Italia S.r.l. Système de régulation d'un flux d'eau traversant une turbine hydroélectrique

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2813141A1 (de) * 1977-03-29 1978-10-19 Collard Louis Jean Schwimmender stromgenerator zur ausnutzung der antriebsenergie des wassers
US4383797A (en) * 1979-07-16 1983-05-17 Lee Edmund M Underwater turbine device with hinged collapsible blades
US4868408A (en) 1988-09-12 1989-09-19 Frank Hesh Portable water-powered electric generator
US5882143A (en) * 1997-05-19 1999-03-16 Williams, Jr.; Fred Elmore Low head dam hydroelectric system
JP2003106247A (ja) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-09 Tadanobu Nagasawa サボニウス型水車およびこのサボニウス型水車を備える発電装置
WO2007079973A1 (fr) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-19 Georg Hamann Dispositif et systeme de production d'energie hydraulique regenerative et renouvelable
DE202010001796U1 (de) 2010-02-04 2010-06-10 Stein Ht Gmbh Spezialtiefbau Wasserkraftanlage
DE102009033203A1 (de) 2009-07-15 2011-01-27 Özkiran, Bülent Kiran-Turbine Wasserkraft ohne Fallhöhe - Energie aus Flussströmung
US20110179787A1 (en) * 2011-04-08 2011-07-28 Griffin Holdings, Llc Hydraulic Energy Converter

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2813141A1 (de) * 1977-03-29 1978-10-19 Collard Louis Jean Schwimmender stromgenerator zur ausnutzung der antriebsenergie des wassers
US4383797A (en) * 1979-07-16 1983-05-17 Lee Edmund M Underwater turbine device with hinged collapsible blades
US4868408A (en) 1988-09-12 1989-09-19 Frank Hesh Portable water-powered electric generator
US5882143A (en) * 1997-05-19 1999-03-16 Williams, Jr.; Fred Elmore Low head dam hydroelectric system
JP2003106247A (ja) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-09 Tadanobu Nagasawa サボニウス型水車およびこのサボニウス型水車を備える発電装置
WO2007079973A1 (fr) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-19 Georg Hamann Dispositif et systeme de production d'energie hydraulique regenerative et renouvelable
DE102009033203A1 (de) 2009-07-15 2011-01-27 Özkiran, Bülent Kiran-Turbine Wasserkraft ohne Fallhöhe - Energie aus Flussströmung
DE202010001796U1 (de) 2010-02-04 2010-06-10 Stein Ht Gmbh Spezialtiefbau Wasserkraftanlage
US20110179787A1 (en) * 2011-04-08 2011-07-28 Griffin Holdings, Llc Hydraulic Energy Converter

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