WO2013066027A1 - 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈 - Google Patents
과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013066027A1 WO2013066027A1 PCT/KR2012/009000 KR2012009000W WO2013066027A1 WO 2013066027 A1 WO2013066027 A1 WO 2013066027A1 KR 2012009000 W KR2012009000 W KR 2012009000W WO 2013066027 A1 WO2013066027 A1 WO 2013066027A1
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- Prior art keywords
- lead terminal
- electrode
- housing
- spindle
- main spring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/02—Details
- H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
- H01H37/46—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to expansion or contraction of a solid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/02—Details
- H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
- H01H37/323—Thermally-sensitive members making use of shape memory materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/36—Means for applying mechanical tension to fusible member
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H61/00—Electrothermal relays
- H01H61/01—Details
- H01H61/0107—Details making use of shape memory materials
- H01H2061/0115—Shape memory alloy [SMA] actuator formed by coil spring
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a repetitive fuse equipped with a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, and more particularly, an electric resistance when the positive characteristic thermistor rises above a certain threshold temperature while self-heating due to overcurrent. This rapid increase continues to restrict the flow of current, which can continuously cut off the power supply. When the overcurrent disappears, the repetitive fuse has an overcurrent blocking function in which the static thermistor cools down and returns to normal current flow.
- the elastic member that can be used continuously and surface mount, for example, an elastic member made of a shape memory alloy material to automatically cut off the power and release the power cut state.
- an elastic member made of a shape memory alloy material to automatically cut off the power and release the power cut state.
- the repetitive fuse cuts off the power in a situation where the current or voltage is unstable, and repeats the process of automatically releasing the power cut state when the circuit or the like is not sufficiently cooled yet, the repetitive fuse itself may fail.
- An abnormality such as overheating or a circuit overheating of an electrical and electronic product occurs, which leads to a fire or failure of the electrical and electronic product.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is that if the static thermistor rises above a certain threshold temperature by the self-heating due to overcurrent, the electrical resistance is sharply increased and the flow of current is continuously limited, thereby continuously interrupting the power supply. It is possible to provide a repetitive fuse with an overcurrent blocking function that, when the overcurrent disappears, the static thermistor cools and returns to normal current flow.
- the present invention provides a housing having an internal space, a first lead terminal disposed on one side of the housing, a second lead terminal disposed on the other side of the housing, and disposed inside the housing to electrically connect with the first lead terminal.
- a spindle intermittently and electrically connected to the second lead terminal, a main spring provided between the first lead terminal and the spindle and electrically shorting the first lead terminal and the spindle, and the spindle.
- a bias spring disposed between the second lead terminal and electrically interposed between the first lead terminal and the spindle, and inserted into an inner side of the housing and connected to the first lead terminal and the housing or connected to the first lead terminal.
- a static thermistor connected to a lead terminal and said main spring, said static thermistor having a temperature above a certain threshold temperature. And a positive temperature coefficient element that increases the electrical resistance when the overcurrent is higher than a reference value and is higher than a specific threshold temperature.
- the static thermistor increases the electrical resistance and the main spring extends and the tension of the main spring increases.
- the spindle is moved in the other direction of the housing and electrically shorted to the first lead terminal so that current flow between the second lead terminal and the first lead terminal is continuously interrupted, and when the overcurrent disappears, the positive characteristic
- the thermistor is cooled and the main spring is reduced in tension, thereby providing a repetitive fuse having an overcurrent blocking function in which the spindle is moved in one direction of the housing and electrically connected to the first lead terminal to return to a normal state.
- the positive characteristic thermistor is provided between a first electrode connected to the first lead terminal, a second electrode connected to the housing, and between the first electrode and the second electrode and is higher than a specific threshold temperature. This larger positive temperature coefficient element may be included.
- the positive characteristic thermistor may include a first electrode connected to the first lead terminal, a second electrode connected to the housing, a third electrode connected to the main spring, and the first electrode, the second electrode, and It may include a positive temperature coefficient device that is provided between the third electrode and the electrical resistance is greater than a certain threshold temperature.
- the static characteristic thermistor is provided between a first electrode connected to the first lead terminal, a third electrode connected to the main spring, and the first electrode and the third electrode and is higher than a specific threshold temperature. It may include a positive temperature coefficient device that the resistance is increased.
- the constant temperature coefficient device may be made of a BaTiO 3 -based ceramic material.
- the constant temperature coefficient device may be formed of a polymer material formed by dispersing conductive metal particles in a polymer matrix.
- the positive temperature coefficient device may have a ring structure having an opening at a central portion thereof to provide a passage through which the spindle is reciprocated, and the first electrode is formed on the front surface of the positive temperature coefficient device, and the third electrode is provided. Is formed on the rear surface of the constant temperature coefficient device, the side of the constant temperature coefficient device may be provided with an insulator for preventing a short between the first electrode and the third electrode.
- the repetitive fuse having the overcurrent blocking function may be positioned inside one side of the housing in which the first lead terminal is positioned, and surround a portion of an area inserted in one side of the housing among the entire regions of the first lead terminal.
- the first lead terminal may be provided to surround an area other than an area electrically connected to the spindle, and may further include a ceramic block made of an insulator to prevent the housing and the first lead terminal from being electrically connected. have.
- the first lead terminal may have a tack-type structure including a rod-shaped pin that extends in length and a plate-shaped connection plate that is provided at one end of the pin, wherein the first electrode is formed of the first lead terminal.
- the third electrode connected to the connecting plate and provided on the side opposite to the first electrode may be connected to the main spring.
- the repetitive fuse having the overcurrent blocking function may be located inside one side of the housing in which the first lead terminal is located, and fix the first lead terminal while preventing the housing and the first lead terminal from being electrically connected. It may further include a ceramic block made of an insulator, wherein the ceramic block is provided with a trench or trench-shaped stepped portion in which a part of the first lead terminal is seated, and the first lead terminal is a positive ( +) Has a structure including a plate-shaped strap portion and a wide plate-shaped connection portion provided at one end of the strap portion for easy connection with the terminal, and an upper portion of the first lead terminal seated on the stepped portion Insulators may be provided.
- the housing may have a rectangular box-shaped structure
- the constant temperature coefficient device may have a rectangular box-shaped or ring-shaped structure having an opening provided at a central portion thereof to provide a passage through which the spindle is reciprocated
- the first electrode may be It is formed on the front of the constant temperature coefficient element
- the third electrode is formed on the back of the constant temperature coefficient element
- the insulator for preventing short between the first electrode and the third electrode on the side of the constant temperature coefficient element It may be provided.
- the main spring is made of a shape memory alloy and electrically shorted to the first lead terminal, and the bias spring is made of a conductive spring, and when the overcurrent higher than a reference value is applied, the tension force of the main spring is higher than the transition temperature. Is greater than the tensile force of the bias spring so that the spindle is moved toward the second lead terminal so that the first lead terminal and the spindle are electrically shorted, and the cause of the overcurrent disappears so that the static thermistor is cooled or the external superheated heat source When disappearing, the tension force of the main spring is smaller than the tension force of the bias spring, and the spindle is forced to move in the direction of the first lead terminal by the tension force of the bias spring.
- the static thermistor rises above a certain threshold temperature by self-heating due to overcurrent, the electrical resistance is rapidly increased, and the flow of current is continuously restricted, thereby interrupting power supply. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of fire or failure of electrical and electronic products due to overcurrent or overheating of a circuit or the like.
- FIG. 1 and 2 illustrate a repetitive fuse according to an example of the present invention.
- 3 and 4 are diagrams illustrating a static thermistor according to an example.
- 5 and 6 illustrate a repeatable fuse according to another example of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a static thermistor according to another example.
- FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of a repetitive fuse according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing resistance characteristics with temperature of a static thermistor.
- FIG. 10 illustrates a repetitive fuse according to another example of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a view illustrating a housing of a repetitive fuse according to another example of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a first lead terminal, a ceramic block, and a static thermistor.
- the present invention provides a housing having an internal space, a first lead terminal disposed on one side of the housing, a second lead terminal disposed on the other side of the housing, and disposed inside the housing to electrically connect with the first lead terminal.
- a spindle intermittently and electrically connected to the second lead terminal, a main spring provided between the first lead terminal and the spindle and electrically shorting the first lead terminal and the spindle, and the spindle.
- a bias spring disposed between the second lead terminal and electrically interposed between the first lead terminal and the spindle, and inserted into an inner side of the housing and connected to the first lead terminal and the housing or connected to the first lead terminal.
- a static thermistor connected to a lead terminal and said main spring, said static thermistor having a temperature above a certain threshold temperature. And a positive temperature coefficient element that increases the electrical resistance when the overcurrent is higher than a reference value and is higher than a specific threshold temperature.
- the static thermistor increases the electrical resistance and the main spring extends and the tension of the main spring increases.
- the spindle is moved in the other direction of the housing and electrically shorted to the first lead terminal so that current flow between the second lead terminal and the first lead terminal is continuously interrupted, and when the overcurrent disappears, the positive characteristic
- the thermistor is cooled and the main spring is reduced in tension, thereby providing a repetitive fuse having an overcurrent blocking function in which the spindle is moved in one direction of the housing and electrically connected to the first lead terminal to return to a normal state.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a repetitive fuse according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate a positive temperature coefficient thermistor according to an example
- FIGS. 5 and FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a repetitive fuse according to another example of the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a positive temperature coefficient thermistor according to another example
- FIG. 8 is a repetitive type according to an example of the present invention.
- 9 is an exploded perspective view of a fuse
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing resistance characteristics according to temperature of a static thermistor.
- a repetitive fuse according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 100 having an internal space, a first lead terminal 110 disposed at one side of the housing 100, and a housing.
- the second lead terminal 120 disposed on the other side of the 100 and the housing 100 are disposed inside the electrical intermittently with the first lead terminal 110 and electrically connected to the second lead terminal 120.
- a main spring 140 installed in the housing and connected to the spindle 130 and connected to the spindle 130 and an elastic member electrically intermittently intermittently connecting the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130.
- a bias spring 150 and an inner side of the housing 100 and are connected to the first lead terminal 110 and the housing 100 or to the first lead terminal 110 and the main spring 140.
- a positive temperature coefficient thermistor 160 is connected.
- the non-conductive waterproof adhesive part 102 fixing the first lead terminal 110 and sealing the inside of the housing 100 may be further included.
- the housing 100 has a box shape having an inner space and extending in the longitudinal direction, and accommodates and protects the spindle 130, the main spring 140, and the bias spring 150 therein.
- one inner side of the housing 100 is provided with a static thermistor 160 connected to the first lead terminal 110 and the housing 100 or to the first lead terminal 110 and the main spring 140.
- Openings 104 and 106 are formed at one side and the other side of the housing 100, and a first lead terminal 110 is inserted and positioned at the first opening 104 formed at one side of the housing 100.
- the second lead terminal 120 may be inserted and positioned in the second opening 106 formed at the other side of the 100.
- the housing 100 may be formed of an insulating material or a conductive material.
- the housing 100 of the repetitive fuse may be electrically connected to the second lead terminal 120
- the housing 100 may be formed of a conductive material.
- the case will be described as an example. Of course, depending on the embodiment it may be formed of a non-conductive material.
- the housing 100 may have a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and may have various shapes such as a circular box, an oval box, a polygon box, and the like. In this embodiment, a cylindrical housing 100 having a circular cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is illustrated.
- the first lead terminal 110 is a means for electrical connection.
- the first lead terminal 110 transmits a current applied from the second lead terminal 120 to the electric and electronic device, and includes a conductive material.
- the first lead terminal 110 is provided at one side of the housing 100.
- the first lead terminal 110 is disposed at one end of the housing 100 having a circular box shape.
- the first lead terminal 110 may be arranged to be inserted through one side of the housing 100, but is not limited thereto and may be spaced apart from one side of the housing 100. That is, as long as the spindle 130 can move and connect or short-circuit with the first lead terminal 110, it can be arranged at any position.
- the second lead terminal 120 is a component that receives an external power source or is connected to the power source, and includes a conductive material.
- the second lead terminal 120 is disposed to be spaced apart from the first lead terminal 110 by a predetermined distance.
- the second lead terminal 120 is opposite to one end where the first lead terminal 110 is formed in the housing 100 having a circular box shape. It is formed at the other end.
- the second lead terminal 120 is electrically connected to the main spring 140 or the bias spring 150 through the housing 100 or a separate connecting member (not shown), and so on. It is electrically connected.
- the second lead terminal 120 is connected to the housing 100 through the housing 100. Electrical connection.
- the main spring 140 or the bias spring 150 may be connected to the spindle 130 and electrically connected thereto.
- the second lead terminal 120 is provided in the circumferential shape in this embodiment, but is not limited thereto, and may be any shape that can be electrically connected.
- the first lead terminal 110 is electrically connected to or short-circuited with the second lead terminal 120 through the spindle 130. Since the first lead terminal 110 is electrically connected to the second lead terminal 120 through the spindle 130, the first lead terminal 110 is insulated from the housing 100 electrically connected to the second lead terminal 120. To this end, one side of the housing 100 in which the first lead terminal 110 is disposed is formed as an opening shape so as to space the housing 100 and the first lead terminal 110 or the first lead terminal 110 passes. It may be formed by coating an insulator on the inner circumferential surface of the housing 100. In addition, since the positive thermistor 160 is disposed between the housing 100 and the first lead terminal 110, the first lead terminal 110 may be insulated from the housing 100.
- the static thermistor 160 is positioned inside one side of the housing 100 in which the first lead terminal 110 is positioned, and is inserted into one side of the housing 100 among the entire regions of the first lead terminal 110. It is effective to wrap a portion of the.
- the static thermistor 160 preferably surrounds a region other than the region in which the first lead terminal 110 is electrically connected to the spindle 130.
- the static thermistor 160 may be formed to correspond to an inner region of one side of the housing 100 to be fixed in the housing 100. In this case, the inside of the housing 100 in the region in which the static thermistor 160 is inserted may be stepped so that the static thermistor 160 may be fixed when inserted into a predetermined position.
- the static characteristic thermistor 160 when the static characteristic thermistor 160 is provided in this way, it is effective that the stepped portion is formed in the first lead terminal 110 inserted into the static characteristic thermistor 160 to prevent separation from the static characteristic thermistor 160. to be. In this case, it is effective to step the stepped portion in a direction crossing the length direction of the first lead terminal 110, for example, a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the first lead terminal 110.
- the first lead terminal 110 may be positioned at the stepped portion of the static thermistor 160 by protruding a portion of the area in contact with the main spring 140 in a direction perpendicular to the length direction. The terminal 110 may be fixed.
- the static thermistor 160 is a thermally sensitive resistor having a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) that increases in resistance as the temperature increases, and is a resistor in which the resistance increases rapidly with temperature change. Such a static thermistor 160 exhibits self-heating characteristics.
- PTC positive temperature coefficient
- the static thermistor 160 may include a first electrode 162 connected to the first lead terminal 110, and a first electrode 162 connected to the housing 100.
- the electrode 164 and the positive temperature coefficient element 166 having a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) having a property of rapidly increasing electrical resistance above a specific threshold temperature may be formed.
- the constant temperature coefficient device 166 may be made of a ceramic material or a polymer material.
- the positive characteristic thermistor 160 includes a first electrode 162 connected to the first lead terminal 110, a second electrode 164 connected to the housing 100, and a second electrode 164 connected to the housing 100. And a third electrode 168 connected to the main spring 140 and a positive temperature coefficient element 166 having a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) having a property of rapidly increasing electrical resistance above a specific threshold temperature. Can be done.
- PTC positive temperature coefficient
- the second electrode 164 is formed to be connected to the housing 100, but when the third electrode 168 is formed to be connected to the main spring 140, the second electrode 160 is formed. Of course it may not.
- the static thermistor 160 has a characteristic in which electrical resistance changes rapidly near a critical temperature (Curie temperature).
- the constant temperature coefficient device 166 may be made by mixing a predetermined amount (for example, 2% to 0.01%) of tin, cerium, and the like in the BaTiO 3 based ceramic.
- barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) powder and niobium trioxide (NbO 3 ) powder are mixed in a weight ratio of 98 to 99.95: 2 to 0.05, and the desired static characteristics thermistor After molding to a shape of, it may be formed by baking for 1 to 12 hours at a temperature of about 1100 to 1500 °C.
- barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) powder, niobium trioxide (NbO 3 ) powder, niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ) powder is a predetermined weight ratio (eg, 98 to 99.95: 2 to 0.05: 0.5 to 0.01), and may be formed into a desired static thermistor, followed by baking for 1 to 12 hours at a temperature of about 1100 to 1500 ° C.
- the constant temperature coefficient device 166 may be formed of a polymer material formed by containing conductive metal particles such as conductive nickel (Ni) in a polymer matrix.
- FIG. 9 shows the resistance characteristics with temperature of the static thermistor.
- Typical static thermistors have a sharp increase in electrical resistance at 80-150 ° C.
- the repetitive fuse equipped with such a static thermistor is such that when the temperature of the static thermistor rises above the critical temperature of 80 to 150 ° C. due to overcurrent, the electrical resistance of the static thermistor itself increases rapidly so that current does not flow. As long as the temperature of the static thermistor does not fall below the critical temperature, the flow of current through the static thermistor may be continuously interrupted.
- the spindle 130 is a means for electrically connecting or shorting the first lead terminal 110 and the second lead terminal 120, and is provided inside the housing 100.
- the spindle 130 may include a first connecting portion 132, which is a portion for connecting with the first lead terminal 110, a support portion 134, and a second connecting portion 136 for connecting with the second lead terminal 120.
- the spindle 130 may be provided in the form of an axis extending in the longitudinal direction.
- the spindle 130 may be formed in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction in a circular, elliptical, polygonal, or the like shape, and is preferably formed in the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the housing 100.
- the spindle 130 may be electrically connected to the first lead terminal 110 by the main spring 140, and the spindle 130 may be formed of a conductive material.
- the spindle 130 is electrically interrupted, that is, electrically connected to the first lead terminal 110 while longitudinally reciprocating the inside of the housing 100 by the stretching movement of the main spring 140 and the bias spring 150. Connected or short-circuited. Therefore, as the spindle 130 is connected to or shorted with the first lead terminal 110, the first lead terminal 110 and the second lead terminal 120 are connected or short-circuited.
- the spindle 130 may be connected to the main spring 140 or the bias spring 150 by forming a support 134 that may support the main spring 140 or the bias spring 150 on at least a portion of the side surface.
- the support part 134 may protrude in a direction perpendicular to the axis direction of the spindle 130 on the side surface of the spindle 130.
- the support 134 may be continuously formed along the circumference of the spindle 130 side, or may be discontinuously formed on the side of the spindle 130. That is, as long as the spindle 130 can be connected to the main spring 140 or the bias spring 150, any form is possible.
- the main spring 140 and the bias spring 150 are means for connecting or shorting the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130.
- the main spring 140 and the bias spring 150 are disposed inside the housing 100, and are arranged to extend or compress in the longitudinal direction of the housing 100.
- the main spring 140 is disposed on one side of the housing 100, and in this embodiment, is connected to the static thermistor 160 inside the housing 100.
- the bias spring 150 is disposed on the other side of the housing 100 on the opposite side where the main spring 140 is disposed based on the spindle 130 to be connected to the spindle 130 or to the support 134 of the spindle 130. Connected and electrically connected.
- the main spring 140 is for electrically shorting the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130, and may be provided between the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130.
- the main spring 140 is provided on one side of the spindle 130, it is preferably provided between the static thermistor 160 and the spindle 130.
- the main spring 140 may be located between the static thermistor 160 and the spindle 130 in a compressed state. That is, in the repetitive fuse according to the present embodiment, when the main spring 140 is in a compressed state, the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130 are in contact with each other. The lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130 may be shorted.
- the main spring 140 is formed of a shape memory alloy having a property of being deformed at or below the transition temperature and returning to the shape before deformation when the transition temperature is higher than the transition temperature, and the main spring 140 in the compressed state. ) Is stretched when heat is applied.
- the main spring 140 may include a nitinol or a copper (Cu) / zinc (Zn) / aluminum (Al) alloy, which is an alloy of titanium (Ti) and nickel (Ni).
- the main spring 140 is electrically connected to the spindle 130, but is electrically shorted to the first lead terminal 110.
- the bias spring 150 is for electrically interrupting the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130 together with the main spring 140.
- the bias spring 150 is provided to contact the opposite side of the main spring 140 at the spindle 130.
- the bias spring 150 may be formed of a general metal material such as stainless steel instead of a shape memory alloy material.
- the bias spring 150 may be formed by using stainless steel as a main body and plating silver on the main body.
- the bias spring 150 is required to be a certain spring tension force is a silver film plating of a certain thickness to help the flow of current.
- the bias spring 150 is provided on the other side of the spindle 130 in the same tensioned state as the general spring to apply pressure to maintain the spindle 130 connected to the first lead terminal 110, When the main spring 140 is extended, the bias spring 150 may be compressed to short the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130.
- the repeatable fuse according to the exemplary embodiment having the structure as described above is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 5 when a normal current or voltage below a reference value is applied to the first lead terminal 110 and the second lead terminal 120.
- the bias spring 150 is in a tensioned state and the main spring 140 is maintained in a compressed state by the tension of the tensioned bias spring 150.
- the first lead terminal 110 may be in contact with the first connecting portion 132 of the spindle 130, and may be in contact with the bias spring 150 and the bias spring 150 in contact with the other surface of the spindle 130. It is electrically connected to the second lead terminal 120 through the housing 100.
- the repetitive fuse has a high current in the bias spring 150 when an abnormal power source, for example, a current or voltage higher than a reference value is applied to the first lead terminal 110 and the second lead terminal 120. Is applied.
- an abnormal power source for example, a current or voltage higher than a reference value
- the temperature of the bias spring 150 is increased by the resistance value of the bias spring 150, and the temperature inside the housing 100 is increased.
- the main spring 140 formed of the shape memory alloy is changed to the shape of the tensioned main spring 140 according to the elevated temperature due to the abnormal overheating of the heating device or the electric device. That is, as shown in FIGS.
- the tensile force of the main spring 140 when the transition (transformation) temperature or less for this operation is less than the tension of the bias spring 150, the tensile force of the main spring 140 when the transition (transformation) temperature or more is biased. It is preferable that the tensile force of the spring 150 is greater.
- the main spring 140 is formed of a shape memory alloy, but the bias spring 150 is formed of a shape memory alloy and the main spring 140 is not a shape memory alloy. It may be formed of a material.
- the repetitive fuse is formed using the coil-shaped main spring 140 and the bias spring 150 as elastic members, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the main spring 140 or / and the bias spring 150 are not limited thereto.
- a ceramic or polymer material having a characteristic of continuously limiting current flow is used to form a static thermistor 160.
- a static thermistor 160 as shown in FIG. 1 is disposed at one side of the housing 100 to fix the first lead terminal 110.
- the static thermistor 160 is made of a barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) -based ceramic or polymer material, and has a property of rapidly increasing electrical resistance as the temperature increases.
- the static thermistor 160 has a characteristic that the electrical resistance is not increased gradually in direct proportion to the temperature rise, but the electrical resistance is rapidly increased at a specific threshold temperature, and when the temperature is maintained above the specific threshold temperature, the current flow continuously.
- the main spring 140 which is a shape memory alloy material
- the spindle 130 is driven by the pressure of the tensioned main spring 140.
- the movement is connected to the second lead terminal 120 and the extension of the main spring 140 causes an electrical short circuit between the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130, and the current path is immediately
- the temperature of the static thermistor is also rapidly increased by the joule heat, and when the temperature rises above a certain threshold temperature, the electrical resistance of the static thermistor 160 itself is rapidly increased and self-heating occurs.
- the main spring 140 which is a shape memory alloy material
- the temperature of the static thermistor 160 does not drop below a certain threshold temperature, so that the high electrical resistance of the static thermistor 160 itself is maintained and heat generated by the static thermistor 160 remains unchanged.
- the main spring 140 which is a shape memory alloy material in a tensioned state, thereby maintaining a state in which the current is not energized in the static thermistor 160. Therefore, since the flow of current is continuously interrupted while the electrical short between the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130 due to the extension of the main spring 140 is continued, it is possible to block the power supply through the repetitive fuse. It becomes possible.
- the repetitive fuse including the static thermistor 160 maintains a current interruption state by the static thermistor 160 even when the overcurrent is continuously applied, thereby preventing the repetitive fuse from being electrically connected, thereby resulting from overheating of a circuit. The occurrence of fire or failure of electrical and electronic products can be prevented.
- the power supply through the repetitive fuse is completely cut off before the spindle 130 returns to connect with the first lead terminal 110 by the extension of the bias spring 150.
- the static thermistor 160 is cooled and the spindle 130 is returned by the extension of the bias spring 150 to return to the normal current flow after the electrical connection with the first lead terminal 110 occurs.
- the time is delayed by the time that the static thermistor is cooled. Therefore, the process of automatically canceling the power cut-off state is performed while the circuit is sufficiently cooled.
- the phenomenon in which an abnormality occurs in the fuse itself can be suppressed and a phenomenon such as overheating of a circuit of an electric / electronic product can be suppressed.
- the power is connected to the second lead terminal 120 and the electrical and electronic device such as a circuit is connected to the first lead terminal 110, but the power is connected to the first lead terminal 110 and the second is connected.
- the electronic device may be connected to the lead terminal 120.
- the current is supplied to the second lead terminal 120, the housing 100, the bias spring 150, and the spindle 130. And a normal value flows to the first lead terminal 110 and maintains a resistance value (for example, several m ⁇ ) close to the lead wire.
- the spindle 130 is electrically connected to the first lead terminal 110 by the tension force of the bias spring 150.
- a current or voltage below a reference value is applied through the second lead terminal 120, current flows through the second lead terminal 120 to the spindle 130, and the spindle 130 is connected to the first lead terminal 110. Since it is connected to a circuit, a circuit is constructed so that a current flows toward the electric / electronic device.
- the joule heat is generated due to the resistance value of the bias spring 150, so that the main spring 140, which is a shape memory alloy material, is elongated, and the main spring 140
- the spindle 130 is advanced in the other direction of the housing 100 by the pressure and is connected to the second lead terminal 120. Since the connection state between the spindle 130 and the second lead terminal 120 is fixed by the extension of the main spring 140, the spindle 130 is automatically restored to prevent the connection with the first lead terminal 110. As a result, the power connection of the electrical and electronic products can be cut off.
- the bias spring 150 When the overcurrent suddenly flows, the bias spring 150 rapidly generates heat by Joule heat due to the resistance of the bias spring 150 to operate (expand) the main spring 140 made of the shape memory alloy.
- the connection between the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130 is separated and electrically shorted, so that the current path includes the bias spring 150, the spindle 130, and the housing.
- 100 and the static thermistor 160 wherein the resistance of the static thermistor 160 is several tens of mV to several kV, which is higher than the value of the bias spring 150 (several mV), but also by Joule due to overcurrent. ) It generates heat, and the resistance value increases from several tens to tens of microseconds within a few seconds, which is almost insulated, thus blocking the overcurrent.
- the spindle 130 Since the static thermistor 160 continuously generates the main spring 140 made of the shape memory alloy in an expanded state until the overcurrent is completely blocked, the spindle 130 does not return unless the overcurrent is resolved. The connection between the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130 is maintained in a short-circuit state, and continuous overcurrent blocking is possible.
- the tension force of the main spring 140 loses the force, thereby removing the obstacle of returning the spindle 130, and thus the spindle force by the tension force of the bias spring 150.
- the power source of the electrical and electronic product is connected.
- the temperature of the main spring 140 made of the shape memory alloy is also lowered, and the main spring 140 at which the temperature is lowered decreases the tensile force generated by the temperature.
- the tension force of the spring 519 is reduced, the main spring 142 is compressed again by the tension force of the bias spring 150, so that the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130 are electrically connected.
- the repetitive fuse has a tensile force of the main spring 140 at a transition temperature higher than the bias force of the bias spring 150, but the temperature inside the housing 100 decreases.
- the biasing force of the bias spring 150 is preferably set to be greater than the tensioning force of the main spring 140.
- FIGS. 10 to 11 are diagram illustrating a repetitive fuse according to another example of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a static thermistor.
- the positive temperature coefficient element 166 is formed in a ring shape having an opening 172.
- the electrodes 162 and 168 may be easily formed and assembly productivity may be improved.
- the first connecting portion 132 of the spindle 130 is inserted into the opening 172 formed in the center of the static thermistor 160.
- the first electrode 162 and the third electrode 168 are formed at both ends of the ring-shaped static thermistor 160.
- the first lead terminal 110 has a tack-type structure including a rod-shaped pin 112 that extends in length and a plate-shaped connection plate 114 that is provided at one end of the pin 112.
- a ring-shaped ceramic block (insulator) 190 made of an insulator is required, and the first lead terminal 110 and the static characteristics are In order to electrically connect the thermistor 160, it is necessary to process the end of the first lead terminal 110 into a wide spread shape such as a pushpin.
- the first electrode 162 is connected to the connecting plate 114 of the first lead terminal 110, and the third electrode 168 on the opposite side is electrically connected to the main spring 140.
- a ring-shaped static thermistor 160 is disposed on the side of the static thermistor 160 to prevent short between both electrodes 162 and 168 and to insulate the housing 100.
- An insulation treatment such as coating or depositing the insulator 170 may be performed.
- the current path is bias spring ( 150), the spindle 130, the main spring 140, and the static thermistor 160, wherein the resistance of the main spring 140 is usually a few hundred m ⁇ as low as almost close to the conductor to the static thermistor 160
- the current flows, and the main lead 140 is continuously maintained at a high temperature state (eg, 110 ° C. or higher) due to the rapid self-heating of the static characteristic thermistor 160 when the overcurrent flows, thereby providing the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle. 130 remains electrically shorted.
- the self-heating of the static thermistor 160 is stopped and cooled, and the tensile force of the main spring 140 is also reduced, thereby reducing the spindle force by the tension of the bias spring 150.
- the 130 is moved toward the first lead terminal 110 and the first lead terminal 110 and the spindle 130 are returned to the electrically connected state.
- the present invention provides a repetitive fuse having a lead strap structure as shown in FIGS. 12 to 13 to easily attach the battery terminals 210 and 220 for overcurrent / overheat protection of a battery such as a Li-ion battery.
- . 12 is a view showing a housing of a repetitive fuse according to another embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 13 is a view showing a first lead terminal, a ceramic block and a static thermistor.
- the housing 100 has a rectangular box-like structure having an inner space and extending in the longitudinal direction.
- a ceramic block 190 made of an insulator is required.
- the ceramic block 190 is accommodated on one side of the housing 100.
- the ceramic block 190 is preferably formed in a rectangular block shape, and the ceramic block 190 is formed with a stepped portion 192 on which a portion of the first lead terminal 110 is seated, and the stepped portion 192 is formed of the ceramic block 190. It may be formed in a trench or trench shape.
- the first lead terminal 110 preferably has a plate-shaped strap structure in order to be easily connected to the plus (+) terminal 210 of the battery.
- the first lead terminal 110 has a structure including a plate-shaped strap portion 116 and a wide plate-shaped connection portion 118 provided at one end of the strap portion 116. Since the first lead terminal 110 has the connection portion 118 with the strap portion 116 and one end spread widely, the assembly productivity may be improved.
- a part of the first lead terminal 110 is seated on the stepped portion 192, and an upper portion of the first lead terminal 110 seated on the stepped portion 192 is coated with an insulator 194 or deposited to insulate it. By doing so, it is preferable to prevent the first lead terminal 110 from being electrically connected to the housing 100.
- the static thermistor 160 may have an outer shape having an opening 180 at the center thereof in a rectangular box shape or a ring shape. As described above, the electrodes 162 and 168 may be easily formed and the assembly productivity may be improved by forming the rectangular box or the ring.
- the spindle 130 is inserted into the opening 180 formed at the center of the static thermistor 160.
- the first electrode 162 and the third electrode 168 are formed at both ends of the static characteristics thermistor 160.
- the first electrode 162 is connected to the first lead terminal 110, and the third electrode 168 on the opposite side is electrically connected to the main spring 140. As shown in FIG.
- an insulator 170 is provided on the side of the static thermistor 160 to prevent short between both electrodes 162 and 168 of the static thermistor 160 and to insulate the housing 100. ) Can be subjected to insulation treatment such as coating or vapor deposition.
- main spring 140 the bias spring 150, and the spindle 130 may be formed in the same or similar manner as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 2 and 5 to 6, the description thereof will be omitted.
- first opening 106 second opening
- connecting plate 116 strap portion
- connection portion 120 second lead terminal
- support 140 main spring
- bias spring 160 static characteristics thermistor
- first electrode 164 second electrode
- the present invention has industrial applicability.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (12)
- 내부공간이 구비된 하우징;상기 하우징 일측에 배치되는 제1 리드 단자;상기 하우징 타측에 배치되는 제2 리드 단자;상기 하우징 내부에 배치되어 상기 제1 리드 단자와 전기적으로 단속(斷續)되며 상기 제2 리드 단자와 전기적으로 접속되는 스핀들;상기 제1 리드 단자와 스핀들 사이에 구비되고 상기 제1 리드 단자와 상기 스핀들을 전기적으로 단락시키기 위한 메인 스프링;상기 스핀들과 상기 제2 리드 단자 사이에 구비되고 상기 제1 리드 단자와 상기 스핀들을 전기적으로 단속하기 위한 바이어스 스프링;상기 하우징의 내부 일측에 삽설되고 상기 제1 리드 단자 및 상기 하우징에 접속되거나 상기 제1 리드 단자 및 상기 메인 스프링에 접속되는 정특성 서미스터를 포함하며,상기 정특성 서미스터는 특정 임계 온도 보다 높아지면 전기저항이 커지는 정온도계수 소자를 포함하며,기준치 보다 높은 과전류가 인가되어 특정 임계 온도 보다 높아지면 상기 정특성 서미스터는 전기저항이 증가되고 상기 메인 스프링은 신장되며, 상기 메인 스프링의 인장력에 의해 상기 스핀들이 상기 하우징의 타측 방향으로 이동되어 상기 제1 리드 단자와 전기적으로 단락됨으로써 상기 제2 리드 단자와 상기 제1 리드 단자 사이의 전류 흐름이 지속적으로 차단되고,상기 과전류가 사라지면 상기 정특성 서미스터는 냉각되고 상기 메인 스프링은 인장력이 감소됨으로써 상기 스핀들이 상기 하우징의 일측 방향으로 이동되어 상기 제1 리드 단자와 전기적으로 접속되어 정상상태로 복귀되는 것을 특징으로 하는 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 정특성 서미스터는,상기 제1 리드 단자와 접속되는 제1 전극;상기 하우징과 접속되는 제2 전극; 및상기 제1 전극과 상기 제2 전극 사이에 구비되고 특정 임계 온도 보다 높아지면 전기저항이 커지는 정온도계수 소자를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 정특성 서미스터는,상기 제1 리드 단자와 접속되는 제1 전극;상기 하우징과 접속되는 제2 전극;상기 메인 스프링과 접속되는 제3 전극; 및상기 제1 전극, 상기 제2 전극 및 상기 제3 전극 사이에 구비되고 특정 임계 온도 보다 높아지면 전기저항이 커지는 정온도계수 소자를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 정특성 서미스터는,상기 제1 리드 단자와 접속되는 제1 전극;상기 메인 스프링과 접속되는 제3 전극; 및상기 제1 전극과 상기 제3 전극 사이에 구비되고 특정 임계 온도 보다 높아지면 전기저항이 커지는 정온도계수 소자를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈.
- 제2항 내지 제4항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 상기 정온도계수 소자는 BaTiO3계 세라믹 재질로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈.
- 제2항 내지 제4항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 상기 정온도계수 소자는 도전성을 갖는 금속 입자들이 폴리머 매트릭스 내에 분포되어 형성된 폴리머 재질로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 정온도계수 소자는,상기 스핀들이 왕복 이동되는 통로를 제공하는 개구부가 중심부에 구비된 링 구조를 가지며,상기 제1 전극은 상기 정온도계수 소자의 정면에 형성되고,상기 제3 전극은 상기 정온도계수 소자의 배면에 형성되며,상기 정온도계수 소자의 측면에는 상기 제1 전극과 상기 제3 전극 간의 쇼트를 방지하기 위한 절연체가 구비되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 제1 리드 단자가 위치된 상기 하우징의 일측 내부에 위치되고, 상기 제1 리드 단자의 전체 영역 중 상기 하우징의 일측 내부에 삽입된 영역의 일부를 감싸되 상기 제1 리드 단자가 상기 스핀들과 전기적으로 접속되는 영역 이외의 영역을 감싸도록 구비되며, 상기 하우징과 상기 제1 리드 단자가 전기적으로 접속되는 것을 방지하기 위한 절연체로 이루어진 세라믹블럭을 더 포함하는 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 제1 리드 단자는 길게 뻗어 있는 막대 모양의 핀과 상기 핀의 일단에 구비된 넓게 퍼진 판 모양의 접속판을 포함하는 압정형 구조를 가지며,상기 제1 전극은 상기 제1 리드 단자의 접속판과 접속되고, 상기 제1 전극과 반대쪽에 구비된 상기 제3 전극은 상기 메인 스프링과 접속을 이루는 것을 특징으로 하는 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 제1 리드 단자가 위치된 상기 하우징의 일측 내부에 위치되고 상기 하우징과 상기 제1 리드 단자가 전기적으로 접속되는 것을 방지하면서 상기 제1 리드 단자를 고정하기 위한 절연체로 이루어진 세라믹블럭을 더 포함하며,상기 세라믹블럭에는 상기 제1 리드 단자의 일부가 안착되는 도랑 또는 트렌치(trench) 모양의 단턱부가 구비되며,상기 제1 리드 단자는 배터리의 플러스(+) 단자와 용이하게 접속되기 위하여 판형의 스트랩(strap)부와 상기 스트랩부의 일단에 구비된 넓게 퍼진 판 모양의 접속부를 포함하는 구조를 가지며,상기 단턱부에 안착된 상기 제1 리드 단자의 상부에는 절연체가 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈.
- 제10항에 있어서, 상기 하우징은 사각 박스형 구조를 가지며,상기 정온도계수 소자는,상기 스핀들이 왕복 이동되는 통로를 제공하는 개구부가 중심부에 구비된 사각 박스형 또는 링형 구조를 가지며,상기 제1 전극은 상기 정온도계수 소자의 정면에 형성되고,상기 제3 전극은 상기 정온도계수 소자의 배면에 형성되며,상기 정온도계수 소자의 측면에는 상기 제1 전극과 상기 제3 전극 간의 쇼트를 방지하기 위한 절연체가 구비되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 메인 스프링은 형상기억합금으로 이루어지고 상기 제1 리드 단자와 전기적으로 단락되어 있으며,상기 바이어스 스프링은 도전성 스프링으로 이루어지며,기준치 보다 높은 과전류가 인가되어 전이온도 보다 높을 경우에 상기 메인 스프링의 인장력은 상기 바이어스 스프링의 인장력보다 커서 상기 스핀들이 상기 제2 리드 단자 방향으로 이동되어 상기 제1 리드 단자와 상기 스핀들은 전기적으로 단락되며,과전류 원인이 사라져 상기 정특성 서미스터가 냉각되거나, 외부과열 열원이 사라질 경우 상기 메인 스프링의 인장력은 상기 바이어스 스프링의 인장력보다 작아 상기 스핀들은 상기 바이어스 스프링의 인장력에 의해 상기 제1 리드 단자 방향으로 이동하려는 힘을 받는 것을 특징으로 하는 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈.
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CN201280053811.7A CN104025243A (zh) | 2011-10-31 | 2012-10-30 | 具有过电流阻断功能的自复型保险丝 |
US14/352,748 US20140253280A1 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2012-10-30 | Repeatable Fuse for Preventing Over-Current |
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KR1020110111821A KR101207581B1 (ko) | 2011-10-31 | 2011-10-31 | 과전류 차단 기능을 갖는 반복형 퓨즈 |
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2011
- 2011-10-31 KR KR1020110111821A patent/KR101207581B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2012
- 2012-10-26 TW TW101139846A patent/TWI471888B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2012-10-30 CN CN201280053811.7A patent/CN104025243A/zh active Pending
- 2012-10-30 US US14/352,748 patent/US20140253280A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-10-30 WO PCT/KR2012/009000 patent/WO2013066027A1/ko active Application Filing
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KR20090041082A (ko) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-04-28 | 이종호 | 바이메탈 기능이 내장된 용융형 온도퓨즈 |
KR20090099619A (ko) * | 2008-03-18 | 2009-09-23 | (주)엠에스테크비젼 | 반복 퓨즈 |
KR20100058424A (ko) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-06-03 | 길종진 | 온도 퓨즈 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR101207581B1 (ko) | 2012-12-04 |
CN104025243A (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
TW201340159A (zh) | 2013-10-01 |
TWI471888B (zh) | 2015-02-01 |
US20140253280A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
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