WO2013061769A1 - Moteur gaz, et pompe à chaleur à gaz et dispositif de cogénération utilisant un moteur gaz - Google Patents

Moteur gaz, et pompe à chaleur à gaz et dispositif de cogénération utilisant un moteur gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013061769A1
WO2013061769A1 PCT/JP2012/076121 JP2012076121W WO2013061769A1 WO 2013061769 A1 WO2013061769 A1 WO 2013061769A1 JP 2012076121 W JP2012076121 W JP 2012076121W WO 2013061769 A1 WO2013061769 A1 WO 2013061769A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas engine
switching
stoichiometric
valve
lean
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/076121
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
中園　徹
大坪　弘幸
宏年 鬼原
Original Assignee
ヤンマー株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ヤンマー株式会社 filed Critical ヤンマー株式会社
Publication of WO2013061769A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013061769A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0027—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures the fuel being gaseous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
    • F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/022—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel pressure, temperature or composition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/36—Control for minimising NOx emissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
    • F02D41/3064—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion with special control during transition between modes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas engine and a gas heat pump device and a cogeneration device using the gas engine.
  • Gas engines are known as driving sources for gas heat pump devices and cogeneration devices.
  • the present invention provides a gas engine capable of smoothly switching between stoichiometric operation and lean operation, and a gas heat pump device and a cogeneration device using the gas engine.
  • the gas engine of the present invention for solving the above problems is a gas engine that performs stoichiometric operation when the engine is high load and lean operation when the engine is low and medium, and supplies a mixture of air and fuel gas to the gas engine
  • the valve has a certain opening area that realizes the excess air ratio in stoichiometric operation, and when switching from stoichiometric operation to lean operation, the opening area is uniform over time until the switching operation ends.
  • the excess air ratio decreases and the excess air ratio of lean operation increases, a certain opening area is secured to realize the lean air excess ratio, and when switching from lean operation to stoichiometric operation, time elapses until the switching operation ends At the same time, the opening area is controlled so that the opening area increases uniformly and the excess air ratio decreases.
  • the valve is composed of one proportional control valve in which three different proportional control regions in which the valve opening and the valve opening area are proportional to each other at a constant value.
  • a large stoichiometric operation region, a lean operation region with a small opening degree, and an intermediate switching operation region may be used.
  • the operating time of the switching operation can be set so that the engine speed fluctuation range is not more than a predetermined threshold. Also good.
  • a gas heat pump device of the present invention for solving the above-described problems has the above gas engine.
  • the cogeneration apparatus of the present invention for solving the above-described problems has the gas engine.
  • a gas engine control method for solving the above-mentioned problems is a gas engine that performs stoichiometric operation when the engine is high load and lean operation when the engine is low and medium load, and is a mixture of air and fuel gas in the gas engine.
  • the valve that secures a certain opening area that realizes the excess air ratio of the stoichiometric operation, and when switching from the stoichiometric operation to the lean operation, the switching operation is completed.
  • the opening area is reduced uniformly to increase the excess air ratio, and during lean operation, a certain opening area is ensured to achieve the excess air ratio of the lean operation.
  • the switching operation until the switching operation ends, increase the opening area uniformly over time and decrease the excess air ratio. And it performs mouth area control.
  • stoichiometric operation can be performed when high load is required, and lean operation can be performed at medium and low load, so the range of load that can be handled is expanded, so various equipment devices such as gas heat pump devices and cogeneration devices When this gas engine is used, it is possible to use an optimal gas engine even with a small displacement, thereby reducing costs and saving energy.
  • the engine can be designed compactly.
  • the gas heat pump device using such a gas engine can improve the energy consumption efficiency (APF) throughout the year, and the overall energy efficiency of the cogeneration device can also be improved.
  • APF energy consumption efficiency
  • 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a valve opening and a valve opening area and a relationship between a valve opening and an excess air ratio when the gas engine according to the present invention shifts from lean operation to stoichiometric operation. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the control time at the time of shifting to the stoichiometric operation from the lean operation of the gas engine which concerns on this invention, and a valve opening degree. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the transition time at the time of shifting to the stoichiometric operation from the lean operation of the gas engine which concerns on this invention, and rotation speed fluctuation
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of the overall configuration of the gas engine 1
  • FIG. 2 shows a proportional control valve 21 of the gas engine 1
  • FIG. 3 shows between the lean operation and the stoichiometric operation by the gas engine 1.
  • 4 shows the relationship between the valve opening area and the valve opening when switching, and FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the valve opening and time when switching between lean operation and stoichiometric operation by the gas engine 1.
  • This gas engine 1 is a gas engine 1 that performs stoichiometric operation at high loads and leans at medium and low loads, and has three proportional control areas with different stoichiometric operation areas a, lean operation areas b, and switching operation areas c.
  • One valve 21 is provided.
  • the valve 21 is connected between the regulator 22 and the mixer 23 to constitute the fuel supply device 2.
  • each proportional control region includes a stoichiometric operation region a having a large opening, a lean operation region b having a small opening, and a switching operation region c in the middle.
  • the control motor 20 controls the valve opening. It is configured.
  • the lean operation region b is within the range of the opening 0-30 of the opening 0-100% of the valve 21, more preferably within the range of the opening 0-40.
  • a region in which the opening area of the valve 21 is proportional to a constant value is formed in accordance with the opening degree of the valve 21.
  • the opening area through which the fuel gas passes can be adjusted according to the opening degree of the valve 21. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the switching operation region c is a range of the opening 70 to 30 between the stoichiometric operation region a and the lean operation region b out of the opening 0-100% of the valve 21.
  • an area in which the opening area of the valve 21 is proportional to the opening degree of the valve 21 is formed in a range of opening degrees 60 to 40 in accordance with the opening degree of the valve 21.
  • ⁇ the range of air excess ratio at which lean combustion is performed
  • the regulator 22 controls the pressure of the fuel gas so that the fuel gas can be always supplied at a constant pressure.
  • the mixer 23 is configured by a Venturi tube that mixes fuel gas and air.
  • the mixer 23 is configured to mix fuel gas and air by the venturi effect of the air sucked according to the opening degree of the throttle valve 24 provided on the downstream side.
  • the fuel supply device 2 configured as described above is connected to the intake port 11 of the cylinder head 10 of the gas engine 1.
  • the gas engine 1 is provided with a sensor (not shown) for measuring the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas in the exhaust passage or the like, and measures the excess air ratio based on the measurement detection result. .
  • the gas engine 1 can smoothly switch between the stoichiometric operation and the lean operation by controlling the fuel supply device 2 and the like by the control unit 3 based on the measurement detection result by the sensor and the like. Further, in the stoichiometric operation, although concentration of NO X in the exhaust gas becomes high, is the reduction treatment by providing a three-way catalyst in an exhaust passage.
  • stoichiometric operation is performed in an operating environment that requires high output.
  • the opening of the valve 21 is increased, the opening area is increased and the fuel gas concentration is increased. That is, the excess air ratio is decreased.
  • the opening is decreased, the opening area is decreased and the fuel gas concentration is decreased. The rate goes up.
  • the switching operation region c of the valve 21 is formed with a region in which the opening area of the valve 21 is proportional to the opening of the valve 21 so as to be suitable for the switching operation.
  • lean operation is performed.
  • the opening of the valve 21 is lowered, the opening area is reduced and the fuel gas concentration is decreased, that is, the excess air ratio is increased, and when the opening is increased, the opening area is increased and the fuel gas concentration is increased, that is, the air is excessive. The rate goes down.
  • valve opening The relationship between the valve opening and the control time is as shown in FIG. That is, in the stoichiometric operation region a and the lean operation region b, control is performed so as to maintain a predetermined excess air ratio by a predetermined valve opening, so the control time ta and the lean operation region b in the stoichiometric operation region a are controlled.
  • the valve opening does not change much with respect to the control time tb at
  • the control time tc in the switching operation region c changes from the stoichiometric operation to the lean operation by greatly changing the valve opening over a time period equal to or less than the above threshold A. Change to driving or vice versa.
  • the control is performed using the stoichiometric operation region a formed in the valve 21 to perform lean combustion.
  • the valve 21 makes it possible to achieve both lean operation, stoichiometric operation, and switching operation between them.
  • the gas engine 1 thus configured can be suitably used as a drive source for a gas heat pump device (not shown).
  • the gas heat pump device is required to have a high load in winter and summer, but can sufficiently cope with a medium and low load in the spring and autumn seasons.
  • the gas engine 1 drives a plurality of compressors when a high load is required, and conversely, when the load is low, it is normal to drive a single compressor. Therefore, the gas heat pump device using the gas engine 1 can perform lean operation when the load is medium and low, and can switch to the stoichiometric operation when high load is required. The cost can be reduced by using the gas engine 1 having the displacement.
  • the stoichiometric operation reduces the thermal efficiency, but driving multiple compressors increases the mechanical efficiency, so the thermal efficiency is equivalent to the lean operation at medium and low loads.
  • the thermal efficiency at the time of medium and low loads is excellent because the lean operation is performed. Therefore, it is possible to increase the efficiency of year-round energy consumption efficiency (APF).
  • the fuel supply device 2 that performs the stoichiometric operation to the lean operation can be configured by the single valve 21, not only the gas engine 1 itself can be reduced but also the entire gas engine 1 can be reduced in size. it can.
  • the gas engine 1 can also be suitably used as a drive source for a cogeneration device (not shown). That is, the cogeneration apparatus can achieve energy saving by performing a stoichiometric operation when performing a lean operation during normal operation and switching to a heat main operation with a high load.
  • the gas engine according to the present invention is used as a drive source for various energy saving facilities.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un moteur gaz pouvant passer en douceur d'un fonctionnement stoïchiométrique à un fonctionnement à mélange pauvre ; une pompe à chaleur à gaz et un dispositif de cogénération utilisant le moteur gaz; et un procédé de commande du moteur gaz. Le moteur gaz (1) travaille selon un mode de fonctionnement stoïchiométrique au cours de charges élevées, et un mode de fonctionnement à mélange pauvre au cours de charges faibles à moyennes, et une vanne (21), alimentant le moteur (1) en mélange air et gaz combustible, présente une section (a), en fonctionnement stoïchiométrique, à petite ouverture, une section (b), en fonctionnement à mélange pauvre, à grande ouverture et une section (c), lors de la commutation, intermédiaire, qui sont formées sur une vanne de commande unique à action proportionnelle, de façon à permettre le fonctionnement stoïchiométrique, le passage du mode de fonctionnement stoïchiométrique au mode de fonctionnement à mélange pauvre, le fonctionnement à mélange pauvre, et le passage du fonctionnement à mélange pauvre au fonctionnement stoïchiométrique.
PCT/JP2012/076121 2011-10-25 2012-10-09 Moteur gaz, et pompe à chaleur à gaz et dispositif de cogénération utilisant un moteur gaz WO2013061769A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2011-233852 2011-10-25
JP2011233852A JP2013092083A (ja) 2011-10-25 2011-10-25 ガスエンジン、ガスエンジンを利用したガスヒートポンプ装置およびコージェネレーション装置、ならびにガスエンジンの制御方法

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WO2013061769A1 true WO2013061769A1 (fr) 2013-05-02

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108779721A (zh) * 2016-03-23 2018-11-09 斯堪尼亚商用车有限公司 一种用于确定用于燃气发动机的燃料气体的比气体常数和化学计量空燃比的方法和系统

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61106959A (ja) * 1984-10-30 1986-05-24 Aisan Ind Co Ltd エンジン用混合気の空燃比制御装置
JP2011122484A (ja) * 2009-12-09 2011-06-23 Ygk:Kk エンジンの燃料供給装置及びエンジン発電機

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61106959A (ja) * 1984-10-30 1986-05-24 Aisan Ind Co Ltd エンジン用混合気の空燃比制御装置
JP2011122484A (ja) * 2009-12-09 2011-06-23 Ygk:Kk エンジンの燃料供給装置及びエンジン発電機

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108779721A (zh) * 2016-03-23 2018-11-09 斯堪尼亚商用车有限公司 一种用于确定用于燃气发动机的燃料气体的比气体常数和化学计量空燃比的方法和系统

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